Unit Four I Like Animals Teaching plan Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity Situation: The Mid-term Exam Pattern: Oral Task2: Harmony between Man and the Nature Situation: Man and.
Download ReportTranscript Unit Four I Like Animals Teaching plan Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity Situation: The Mid-term Exam Pattern: Oral Task2: Harmony between Man and the Nature Situation: Man and.
Slide 1
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
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Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
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Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
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Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
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Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
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Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
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Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
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Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
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Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
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Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
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Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
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Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
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Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
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Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
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Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
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Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
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2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
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5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
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Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
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6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
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10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 2
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 3
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 4
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 5
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
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Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
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2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
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5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
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… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
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6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
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10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
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11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
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Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 6
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 7
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 8
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
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Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
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Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
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Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
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Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 9
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 10
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 11
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
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Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
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Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
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Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
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Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
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Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
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Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
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Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
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Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
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Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
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Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
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Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
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Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
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1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
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Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
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Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
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Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
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2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
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5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
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Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
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6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
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10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 12
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 13
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 14
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 15
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
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5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
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Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
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6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
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11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
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Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 16
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
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For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
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Slide 17
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
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Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
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Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
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Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
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Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
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Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
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Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
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Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
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Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
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Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
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2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 18
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 19
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 20
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 21
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 22
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 23
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 24
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 25
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 26
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
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11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
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Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
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NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
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Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
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Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
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NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
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Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
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NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
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Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
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Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
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NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 27
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 28
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 29
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 30
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 31
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 32
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 33
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 34
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 35
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
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Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 36
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
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NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
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Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
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Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
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NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
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Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
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NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 37
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 38
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
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Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
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Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
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2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
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5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
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Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
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6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
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10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
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11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 39
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 40
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 41
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 42
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 43
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 44
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
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Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
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Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
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Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
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Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
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Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
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Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
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Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
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Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
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Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
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Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
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Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
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Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 45
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 46
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
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NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
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Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
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Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
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NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
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Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 47
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 48
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
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Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
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2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
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5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
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… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
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6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
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10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
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11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
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Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
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Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 49
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 50
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 51
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 52
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 53
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 54
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 55
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 56
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 57
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 58
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
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Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 59
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 60
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 61
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
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Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
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Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
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freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 62
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 63
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 64
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
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Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
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Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
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Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
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Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
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Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
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Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
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Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 65
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 66
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 67
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 68
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 69
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
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Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
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NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
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Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
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Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
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NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
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Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
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NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 70
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 71
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 72
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 73
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 74
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 75
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 76
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 77
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 78
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 79
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
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Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 80
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 81
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
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Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
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honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
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zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 82
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 83
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 84
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 85
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 86
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 87
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
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Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
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Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
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NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
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Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
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Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
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Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
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Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
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Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
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Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
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Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
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Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
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Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
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Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
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Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
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Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
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2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 88
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 89
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 90
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 91
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 92
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 93
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 94
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 95
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 96
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 97
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
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Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
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Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
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Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
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Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
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Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
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Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
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Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
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Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
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Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
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Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
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Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
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Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
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11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 98
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 99
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 100
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 101
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 102
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
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11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
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Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
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NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
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Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
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Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
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NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
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Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
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NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
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Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
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Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
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NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 103
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 104
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 105
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 106
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 107
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 108
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 109
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 110
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 111
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
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Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 112
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
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NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
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Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
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Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
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NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
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Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
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NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 113
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 114
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
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Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
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Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
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2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
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5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
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Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
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6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
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10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
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11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 115
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 116
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 117
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 2
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 3
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
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Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
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Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
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NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
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Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
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Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
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Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
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Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
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Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
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Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
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Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
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Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
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Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
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Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
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Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
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Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
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2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 4
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 5
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 6
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 7
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 8
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 9
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 10
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 11
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 12
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 13
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
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Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
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Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
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Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
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Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
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Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
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Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
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Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
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Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
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Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
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Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
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Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
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Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
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11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 14
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 15
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 16
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 17
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 18
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
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11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
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Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
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NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
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Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
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Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
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NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
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Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
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NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
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Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
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Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
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NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 19
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 20
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 21
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 22
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 23
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 24
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 25
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 26
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 27
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
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Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 28
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
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NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
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Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
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Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
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NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
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Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
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NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 29
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 30
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
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Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
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Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
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2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
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5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
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Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
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6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
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10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
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11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 31
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 32
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 33
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 34
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 35
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 36
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
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Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
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Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
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Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
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Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
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Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
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Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
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Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
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Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
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Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
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Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
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Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
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Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 37
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 38
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
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NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
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Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
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Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
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NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
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Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 39
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 40
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
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2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
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5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
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… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
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6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
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10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
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11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
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Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
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Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 41
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 42
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 43
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 44
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 45
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 46
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 47
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 48
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 49
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 50
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
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Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 51
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 52
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 53
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
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Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
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Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
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freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 54
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 55
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 56
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
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Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
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Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
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Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
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Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
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Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
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Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
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Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 57
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 58
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 59
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 60
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 61
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
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Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
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NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
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Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
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Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
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NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
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Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
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NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 62
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 63
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 64
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 65
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 66
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 67
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 68
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 69
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 70
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 71
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
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Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 72
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 73
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
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Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
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honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
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zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 74
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 75
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 76
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 77
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 78
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 79
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
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Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
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Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
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NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
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Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
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Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
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Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
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Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
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Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
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Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
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Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
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Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
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Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
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Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
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Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
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Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
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2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 80
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 81
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 82
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 83
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 84
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 85
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 86
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 87
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 88
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 89
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
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Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
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Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
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Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
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Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
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Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
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Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
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Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
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Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
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Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
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Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
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Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
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Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
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11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 90
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 91
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 92
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 93
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 94
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
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11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
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Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
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NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
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Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
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Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
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NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
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Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
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NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
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Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
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Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
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NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 95
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 96
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 97
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 98
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 99
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 100
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 101
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 102
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 103
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
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Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 104
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
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NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
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Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
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Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
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NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
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Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
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NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 105
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 106
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
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Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
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Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
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2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
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5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
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Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
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6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
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10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
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11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 107
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 108
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 109
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 110
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 111
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 112
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
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Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
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Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
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Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
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Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
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Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
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Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
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Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
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Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
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Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
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Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
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Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
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Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
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Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 113
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 114
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
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NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
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Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
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Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
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NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
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Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
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NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 115
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
BACK
Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
BACK
Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
BACK
Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
BACK
Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 116
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
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eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
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2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
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“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
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honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
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merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
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truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
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hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
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pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
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laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
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fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
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3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
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sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
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weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
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add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
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take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
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abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
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pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
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breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
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mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
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destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
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particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
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species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
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have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
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5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
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… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
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argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
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lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
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zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
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get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
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counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
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exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
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I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
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counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
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be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
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6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
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freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
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dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
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7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
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You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
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9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
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moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
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activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
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victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
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earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
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Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
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prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
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enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
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exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
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scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
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expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
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commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
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cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
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10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
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hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
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planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
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11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
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despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
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snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
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comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
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hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
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conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
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roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
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intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
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humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
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innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
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innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
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occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
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behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
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Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
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Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
__________________________________________________________
6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
__________________________________________________________
hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
__________________________________________________________
BACK
Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
BACK
NEXT
For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
NEXT
Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
NEXT
A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
NEXT
Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
NEXT
G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
_______________________________________________________________
People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
_______________________________________________________________
NEXT
Slide 117
Unit Four
I Like Animals
Teaching plan
Task1: Ways of expressing curiosity
Situation: The Mid-term Exam
Pattern: Oral
Task2: Harmony between Man and the
Nature
Situation: Man and the Nature
Pattern: Report
Task3: Leaving a message
Situation: A call to the teacher
Pattern: Writing
Background Information
Animal Rights Movement & Animal Rights Activists
The Animal Rights Movement is a term that refers to
organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research,
food, and clothing. People who defend animal rights,
called animal rights activists, point out that animals feel
pain and have reasoning ability. They say that animals
deserve greater moral consideration than human beings
generally give them.
Some animal rights activists work to outlaw laboratory experiments
on animals. Others teach that human beings do not need to eat animals
for survival. Many activists protest the use of fur coats or leather
products. They also oppose hunting and spectator sports in which
animals may be treated inhumanely, such as bullfighting and dog racing.
(From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia)
NEXT
Text A I Like Animals
Text A Exercises
Practical Writing
BACK
Text A
Starter
Is there anyone who does NOT like animals? The answer is probably
no. But people like animals for different reasons. Tell the class what
is your favorite animal and why you like it.
Now read the following passage and find out what reasons the writer
gives for liking animals.
BACK
NEXT
Text A
I Like Animals
Laura A. Moretti
1
N
“Why do you suppose you like animals so much?” was the
question put to me on Christmas Eve. I knew my family was expecting
me to say something like, “I like animals because they’re clever and
fun to play with.”
2
But instead I said, “I like animals because they’re honest.”
?
NEXT
Text A
3
N
“About what?” one of my brothers
asked — as if honesty were merely about telling
the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t
talk! His question was met with hearty laughter.
4
“I like animals because they don’t pretend
to be someone they’re not,” I continued in my
reply. “Animals don’t fake their feelings.”
?
NEXT
Text A
5
We were sitting on sofas and arm-chairs after our dinner and
present-opening. Coffee was being served, so
I seized the
opportunity.
6
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
?
NEXT
Text A
7 N “That’s because they don’t know any better,” my sister argued. “They
don’t do those things because they don’t know how.”
8
“Lions don’t get together,” I countered her, “and decide how to
N
exterminate zebras — their very source
of food.
I don’t think it’s
because they don’t know how. I think it’s because it’s counterproductive.”
9
They laughed.
?
NEXT
Text A
10
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
?
NEXT
Text A
11
12
“That’s because they don’t think,” one of my cousins offered.
N
“Is that the difference?” I wondered.
“You meant to say they
don’t think the way we think.”
13
The room had become strangely quiet. I was amazed at how
closely my family was listening.
?
NEXT
Text A
14
“Moreover,” I added, remembering why I was an animal rights
activist, “animals are the most victimized living creatures on earth:
more than children, more than women, more than people
of color.
N
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools
and expendable commodities, and to eat them. We do to them any
cruel act we can think
they don’t do to
N of. I like animals because
themselves or to others the things we do to them.”
?
NEXT
Text A
15
“And finally,” I finished, “I like animals because they’re not
hypocrites. They don’t say one thing and do another. They are, as I’ve
said, honest. Animals — not humans — are the best this planet has to
offer.”
?
NEXT
Text A
16
And, interestingly enough, despite my straight talk, none of them
made a snide comment or gave a hint of laughter. The conversation
actually rolled into shared stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal loyalty and intelligence, their humor and innocence. And it was
me who’d become the listener with the occasional comment:
17
“Now, if humans could only be like animals.”
?
NEXT
Text A
CH
18
And that is how I fight the good fight; I rise on behalf of the best
among US.
BACK
1) Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect
her to answer this question?
She likes animals because they are honest. Her family expected
her to say that she likes animals because they are clever and
fun to play with.
BACK
Language Points
Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
你觉得你为什么这么喜欢动物呢？
The expression “do you suppose” is an inserted element（插入成
分）.
e.g.
What is her favorite color? → What do you think is her favorite
color?
BACK
Language Points
play with: enjoy oneself with 拿…玩；和…一起玩
e.g.
Don’t play with your food.
T
别摆弄食物。
The lonely child has no one to play with.
T
那个孤独的孩子没有玩伴。
BACK
Language Points
Christmas //: n. annual celebration by Christians of the birth
of Christ
(on 25 December) 圣诞节（12月25日）
BACK
Language Points
Laura A. Moretti / / 劳拉·A·莫
雷蒂
BACK
Language Points
eve //: n. day or evening before a religious festival or holiday
（宗教节日或假日的）前夜，前夕
BACK
2) Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
Because they don’t pretend to be someone they are not; they don’t
fake their feelings.
BACK
Language Points
“About what?” one of my brothers asked — as if honesty were
merely
about telling the truth, and everyone knows animals can’t talk!
“在哪方面呢？”我的一个兄弟问道——似乎诚实仅仅表现在说实话，而众所周知
动物是不会说话的！
About what? 是承接前面作者所说的 because they are honest 而问的，意思
是：What are animals honest about?
BACK
Language Points
honesty / /: n. quality of being honest 诚实
e.g.
Honesty is the best policy.
T
（谚）诚实总是上策。
BACK
Language Points
merely //: ad. only; simply 仅仅；只；不过
e.g.
John and Mary are merely friends, not lovers.
T
约翰和玛丽只是朋友而已，不是情侣。
It’s not merely a matter of cost, but whether she’s old enough to
be on holiday alone.
T
这不只是费用问题，而是她是否已经到了可以单独度假的年龄。
BACK
Language Points
truth //: n. quality or state of being true; that which is true;
fact, belief,
etc. that is accepted as true
真实；真实性；真相，实情；事实；真理
e.g.
Sooner or later the truth will come out.
T
真相迟早会大白于天下。
God’s truth
T
天经地义的事
a scientific truth
T
科学真理
BACK
Language Points
hearty //: a. showing warm and friendly feelings;
enthusiastic; loud and
(too) cheerful 热诚的，热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵声
的
e.g.
We were met with a hearty welcome.
T
我们受到热诚的欢迎。
Let’s give a hearty cheer to the winner.
T
让我们为胜利者尽情欢呼吧。
BACK
Language Points
pretend //: v. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth. in
order to
deceive others or in play 假装；佯装；佯作
e.g.
She pretended to be reading when I passed her.
T
我经过她身边时她假装在读书。
He pretended he didn’t hear me.
T
他假装没听见我的话。
He pretended not to see/hear me.
T
他假装没看见我 / 听见我的话。
BACK
Language Points
laughter //: n. act, sound or manner of laughing 笑；笑声；
笑的样子
BACK
Language Points
fake //: vt. make (sth. false) so that it seems genuine; pretend
(sth.)
伪造；假装
e.g.
I faked interest in the boring lecture.
T
我装出对那个乏味的讲座感兴趣的样子。
The baby hasn’t learned to fake a smile.
T
婴儿还没学会假笑呢。
BACK
3) When did this conversation take place?
On Christmas Eve, after dinner and present-opening.
4) According to the writer, how do animals treat the
environment?
Animals take from the environment only what they need; they
don’t abuse the environment.
BACK
Language Points
sofa //: n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms
and back,
wide enough for two or more people 长沙发
BACK
Language Points
weapon //: n. thing designed or used for causing physical
harm
武器
BACK
Language Points
add //: v. find a sum by doing arithmetic; combine (numbers) into a
sum;
continue to say (sth.) 做加法；把…加起来；接着说
e.g.
10 + 4 = 14: Ten added to / plus four equals fourteen.
T
10加4等于14。
“The party begins at 8:00 pm.” Then she added, “You can come
earlier if you like.”
T
“晚会8点开始。”接着她又说:“如果你愿意，可以早点来。”
BACK
Language Points
take out of life what they need = take what they need out of life.
The “what” clause is the object of the verb “take”.
what引导的从句是动词take的宾语。
BACK
Language Points
abuse //: vt. make bad or wrong use of (sth.); treat (sb.)
badly
滥用，妄用；虐待
e.g.
If you abuse your power, you get it taken away.
T
如果你滥用权力，你的权力就会被剥夺。
The center provides service to abused women and children.
T
该中心为受虐待的妇女和儿童提供服务。
BACK
Language Points
pollute //: vt. make dirty or impure, esp. by adding harmful
or unpleasant substances 污染，弄脏
e.g.
polluted environment/waters/ocean
T
被污染的环境 / 水域 / 海洋
The river has been heavily polluted.
T
这条河已遭到严重污染。
BACK
Language Points
breathe //: v. take air into the lungs and send it out again 呼
吸
e.g.
Breathe deeply.
T
深呼吸。
The hikers breathed the fresh mountain air.
T
远足的人们呼吸着山间的新鲜空气。
BACK
Language Points
mass //: 1. n. large number 大量；众多
e.g.
a mass of ice/letters
T
一大块冰 / 一大堆信
2. a. involving a large number of people 群众的；大量的；大规模的
e.g.
the mass media
T
大众传媒
mass education
T
大众化教育
BACK
Language Points
destruction //: n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏；摧毁；毁灭
e.g.
Many countries are working together to stop the destruction of
the environment.
T
许多国家在共同努力制止对环境的破坏。
He didn’t take the advice; pride led to his own destruction.
T
他没有接受劝告，骄傲导致了他的毁灭。
BACK
Language Points
particularly
//:
especially 特别，尤其
e.g.
ad.
He likes tea, particularly green/black tea.
T
他喜欢喝茶，尤其是绿茶 / 红茶。
Bob smiled in a particularly friendly way.
T
鲍勃特别友好地微笑着。
BACK
Language Points
species/ /: (pl. species) n. group of animals or plants
within a
genus differing only in minor details from the
e.g.
others
［单复同］物种，种
a species of fish
T
一种鱼
several species of birds
T
几个品种的鸟
There are more than two hundred and fifty species of shark.
T
鲨鱼种类达250种以上。
BACK
Language Points
have no use for: have no purpose for which sth. can be used
不需要，用不着
e.g.
I received a lot of gifts but had no use for most of them.
T
我收到很多礼物，但大多数都用不着。
They kicked him out when they had no use for him anymore.
T
他们不需要他时，就一脚把他踢开了。
BACK
5) What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why
animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
The writer says they don’t do those things because it’s counterproductive; her sister thinks it’s because they don’t know how to do
them.
BACK
Language Points
… they don’t know any better:
The expression “not know any better” is used to say that someone
does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or
taught that it is wrong.
not know any better 用来表示“因为无知而做了错的或愚蠢的事”。
e.g.
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
T
有人正在把毒品卖给无知的孩子们。
BACK
Language Points
argue / /: v. express an opposite opinion; quarrel; give
reasons for or
against sth. 争论；争吵；说理，争辩
e.g.
They were arguing over the prices.
T
T
他们在讨价还价。
He argued with his wife about whether they should buy the
car.
他跟妻子争论是否该买那辆车。
BACK
Language Points
lion / /: n. large wild animal of the cat family that hunts
other animals
for food and is found mostly in Africa 狮
BACK
Language Points
zebra / /: n. African wild animal of the horse family with a
body
covered by black and white stripes 斑马
BACK
Language Points
get together: come or meet together 聚集，会集
e.g.
You know what happens when old friends get together.
T
T
你知道老朋友聚在一起是怎样一幅情景。
Groups of people got together to discuss the problem of air
pollution.
不同群体的人们聚集在一起讨论空气污染的问题。
BACK
Language Points
counter / /: vt. respond to with an opposing view, a return
attack, etc.
反对；反击；反驳
e.g.
When I laughed at her, she countered me by pointing out my own
foolishness.
T
我嘲笑她的时候，她指出我自己的愚蠢之处来反击我。
He countered the decision but lost.
T
他反对那项决定，但失败了。
BACK
Language Points
exterminate //: vt. destroy completely (a race or
group of
people or animals) 彻底毁灭；根除，灭绝
e.g.
How can I exterminate the ants without harming the plant?
T
怎样才能既消灭蚂蚁又不伤害植物？
Hitler tried to exterminate the Jews.
T
希特勒曾试图灭绝犹太人。
BACK
Language Points
I don’t think it’s because…:
When verbs like think, believe, imagine, suppose are used to introduce
negative ideas, it is generally the introducing verb (think, etc.) that is
made negative.
当用think, believe, imagine, suppose这类的动词转述一个否定的意思时，通常将
否定词放在这些转述动词之前。
e.g.
I don’t believe she’s home, but I’ll go and see.
T
我想她可能不在家，不过我会过去看一看。
BACK
Language Points
counter-productive /pr/: a. having the
opposite effect to that
intended 产生相反结果（或效果）的；适得其反的；事与愿违的
e.g.
T
I feel that some ways of managing stress are just counterproductive.
我感觉某些控制紧张情绪的方法只会产生相反的效果。
T
Do you agree that the War on Terror is counter-productive?
反恐战争事与愿违，你同意吗？
BACK
Language Points
be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability,
success,
family, etc.) 为…而自豪（或得意）
e.g.
I’m proud of what you’ve done.
T
我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
They were proud of their success/ being so successful.
T
他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。
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Language Points
scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or
excitement; cry
(sth.) in this way（因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫
着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出
e.g.
Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at
us all the time.
T
那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。
She screamed a warning not to come closer.
T
她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。
BACK
6) According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
They neither dwell on the past nor plan for the future; they just live for
today.
BACK
Language Points
freedom //: n. condition of being free 自由
e.g.
a freedom fighter
T
自由战士
gain national freedom
T
获得民族自由
BACK
Language Points
dwell /dwel/: (dwelt /dwelt/) vi. ［on］ think, speak or write at length
about
(sth.) 老是想着；详细论述
dwell on: think, speak or write at length about 老是想着；详述
e.g.
Ann was sad at her failure but too much was happening for her to
dwell on it.
T
失败令安伤心，不过正在发生的事情太多，使她无法总想着自己的失败。
The teacher dwelled on the importance of honesty.
T
老师反复强调诚实的重要性。
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Language Points
pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful
substances; complete 纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯净的；完全的
e.g.
pure water
T
纯净水
She has a pure heart.
T
她有一颗纯洁的心。
BACK
7) How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life
than humans?
Her cousin thinks it’s because animals don’t
think.
8) How did the family members respond to the conversation?
They listened closely.
BACK
Language Points
You meant to say they don’t think the way we think.
= You meant to say they don’t think in the same way as we think.
你是想说它们不以我们的方式思考吧。
BACK
9) According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
We exploit, use and eat them. We do to them any cruel act we can
think of.
BACK
Language Points
moreover //: ad. (used to introduce sth. new that adds to
or supports the previous statement) further; besides; in addition（用以引
入新内容以补充或支持前言）再说；此外；而且
e.g.
We are late and, moreover, we are lost.
T
我们迟到了，而且又迷了路。
They should have acted long ago. Moreover, they should have
asked you to join them.
T
他们早该行动了。而且，他们应该请你参加。
BACK
Language Points
activist / /: n. person who takes an active part in sth. 积极分
子
e.g.
an anti-war activist
T
反战积极分子
a human rights activist
T
人权活动家
a political activist
T
政治活动家
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Language Points
victim / /: n. person, animal or thing that is injured, killed or
destroyed as the result of carelessness, crime or misfortune 牺牲者，受害
者
e.g.
a victim of war
T
战争的受害者
flood victims
T
水灾灾民
Four people were killed in the accident, but police have not yet
named the victims.
T
事故中有4人丧生，但警方尚未公布遇难者的姓名。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
victimize / /: vt. make (sb.) a victim 使牺牲，使受害
e.g.
When she lost her job, she felt that she had been victimized for
her political views.
T
她丢了工作，感到自己是因政治观点而受迫害的。
Stop victimizing these men just because they tell the truth!
T
不要因为这些人讲真话就迫害他们！
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Language Points
creature / /: n. living being, esp. an animal; person 生物；
（尤指）动物；人
e.g.
Is that strange creature human or animal?
T
那个奇怪的东西是人还是动物？
She’s a pretty creature.
T
她是个美人。
BACK
Language Points
earth //: n. the planet on which we live 地球
on earth: in the world 世界上，人世间；到底，究竟
e.g.
the longest river on earth
T
世界上最长的河流
How on earth did you know it?
T
你到底是怎么知道的？
BACK
Language Points
Our prejudice enables us to exploit and use them as scientific tools and
expendable commodities, and to eat them.
偏见使我们去剥削、利用它们，把它们当作科研工具和可消耗的商品，还去吃它们。
句中exploit, use 和eat是三个并列的动词；as引导的短语只修饰exploit 和use。
BACK
Language Points
prejudice / /: n. poor opinion formed unfairly, without
considering all the facts 偏见，成见
e.g.
He has a prejudice against all foreigners.
T
他对所有的外国人都抱有偏见。
Pride and Prejudice is my favorite book.
T
《傲慢与偏见》是我喜最爱的书。
BACK
Language Points
enable //: vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能够（做某事）
e.g.
The dictionary should enable you to understand English better.
T
这部词典应该能让你更好地理解英语。
His job as a journalist enabled him to know a lot of people.
T
他的记者职业使他认识了很多人。
BACK
Language Points
exploit //: vt. use (sb./sth.) selfishly and unfairly for one’s
own advantage or profit; develop or make full use of (a situation, natural
supply of sth.) 剥削；（出于自私目的而）利用；开发，开采；充分利用
e.g.
The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.
T
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
exploit a mine
T
采矿
exploit natural resources
T
开发自然资源
BACK
Language Points
scientific //: a. of, used in or involved in science
科学的；用于科学的；从事科学的
e.g.
scientific research
T
科学研究
a scientific mind
T
科学头脑
scientific management
T
科学管理
BACK
Language Points
expendable //: a. that may be consumed, destroyed,
etc. to achieve a purpose 可消费的，可消耗的；可毁灭的
BACK
Language Points
commodity //: n. thing bought in a shop and put to use,
esp. in the home; article, product or material that is exchanged in trade 商
品；货物；农产品；矿产品
e.g.
farm/daily commodities
T
农产品 / 日用品。
Slaves used to be a commodity bought and sold.
T
奴隶曾是可以买卖的商品。
BACK
Language Points
cruel / '/: a. (of people) making others suffer, esp. intentionally;
causing pain or suffering（人）残忍的，残暴的；残酷的，令人痛苦的
e.g.
a cruel ruler
T
残暴的统治者
a cruel fact
T
残酷的事实
Tigers are cruel by nature.
T
老虎生性残暴。
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Language Points
… they don’t do to themselves or to others the things we do to them.
……它们不对自己或别人做那些我们对它们做的事情。
主句中动词do的宾语the things we do to them被放在状语to themselves or to
others的后面了。
BACK
10) What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
Animals are honest and the best this planet has to offer.
BACK
Language Points
hypocrite / /: n. person who pretends to have opinions
which he does not have or to be what he is not 伪善者；伪君子；虚伪的人
e.g.
expose a hypocrite
T
揭露伪君子
He’s a hypocrite to tell us not to smoke — he smokes himself.
T
他很虚伪，让我们不要吸烟而他自己就吸烟。
BACK
Language Points
planet / /: n. one of several large bodies traveling round the sun
行星
e.g.
the nine major planets
T
九大行星
minor planets
T
小行星
the planet Earth
T
地球
BACK
11) Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
No. They responded positively to her talk and added more stories
showing animals are lovable.
BACK
Language Points
despite //: prep. in spite of 不管，尽管
e.g.
I know I have to get on the airplane despite my fear.
T
我知道我虽然害怕，可还是得上飞机。
Despite the rain we enjoyed our holiday.
T
虽然下雨，我们的假期过得还是很开心。
BACK
Language Points
snide //: a. critical in an indirect unpleasant way; sneering
刻毒的；挖苦的；嘲笑的
e.g.
a snide tongue
T
刻毒的舌头
a snide remark
T
挖苦的话
a snide look
T
讥讽的表情
BACK
Language Points
comment / /: n. spoken or written remark or observation as an
explanation or in praise or criticism 批评，意见；评论
e.g.
Did he make any comment on the movie?
T
他对电影有什么评论吗？
“What do you think of the change?” “ No comment.”
T
“你对这一变化怎么看？” “无可奉告。”
BACK
Language Points
hint //: n. subtle way of indicating to sb. what one is thinking or
what one wants; indirect suggestion; slight indication; trace暗示；示意；细
微的迹象；线索
e.g.
I don’t know the answer. Please give me a hint.
T
我不知道答案。请给我一点提示。
There was a hint of anger in his statement.
T
他的话里带有一丝怒气。
BACK
Language Points
conversation //: n. (example of) talking between
people
交谈，谈话，会话
BACK
Language Points
roll into: move smooth into 顺利转入
e.g.
T
To our delight, the argument had
discussion.
finally rolled into a friendly
令我们欣喜的是，争执终于转为友好的讨论。
BACK
Language Points
intelligence //: n. power of learning, understanding and
reasoning;
mental ability智力，才智，智慧
e.g.
intelligence test
T
智力测验
high/average/low intelligence
T
智力高 / 中等智力 / 智力低下
intelligence quotient
T
智商
BACK
Language Points
humor / /: n. quality of being amusing or comic 幽默；诙谐；滑
稽
e.g.
Have you read any humor recently?
T
最近读到什么幽默的东西了吗？
He failed to see the humor in my joke.
T
他未能领会我笑话中的幽默之处。
BACK
Language Points
innocent / /: a. not guilty (of wrongdoing); knowing nothing evil
or wrong
无罪的；清白的；天真无邪的，纯真的
e.g.
He’s innocent. He didn’t kill the boy.
T
他是无辜的。他没有杀那个男孩。
She is a very innocent kind of person.
T
她是个非常单纯的人。
BACK
NEXT
Language Points
innocence / /: n. quality or state of being innocent无辜，清白；天真
纯洁
e.g.
My innocence will be proved in court.
T
我的清白会在法庭上得到证实。
The writer wrote about the innocence of childhood.
T
作者描述了童年的纯真。
BACK
Language Points
occasional //: a. happening, coming, done, etc. from time
to time
偶然的
e.g.
He’s an occasional visitor to our house.
T
他偶尔来我家坐坐。
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
T
除了偶尔有阵雨之外，天气很好。
BACK
Language Points
behalf //: n. support; interest; side支持；利益；方面
e.g.
T
The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak on his
behalf.
校长今天不能来，所以我来代表他讲话。
on behalf of: as representative of or spokesman for; in the interest of
代表；为了…的利益
e.g.
T
On behalf of everyone here, I’d like to thank you very much for
coming.
我代表在座的诸位感谢您的光临。
BACK
Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
BACK
Reading Aloud
Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by
heart.
“I like animals,” I added, “because they only take out of life what
they need. They don’t abuse their environment, pollute their water
and the air they breathe. They don’t build weapons of mass
destruction and use them against others — particularly members of
their own species. I like animals because they have no use for those
things.”
“I also like animals,” I continued, “because they don’t dwell on
things of the past, nor use them as excuses for behavior in the
present. And they don’t plan to live some day in the future; they live
today, this moment, fully, completely, and purely. I like animals
because they live their lives with so much more freedom than
humans live theirs.”
BACK
Understanding the Text
Answer the following questions
1. Why does the writer like animals? How did her family expect her to
answer this question?
2. Why does the writer say that animals are honest?
3. When did this conversation take place?
4. According to the writer, how do animals treat the environment?
5. What difference lies between the writer and her sister as to why animals
don’t do those harmful things mentioned earlier?
6. According to the writer, what is the animals’ attitude towards life?
7. How does the writer’s cousin explain that animals live a freer life than
humans?
BACK
NEXT
8. How did the family members respond to the conversation?
9. According to the writer, what do we humans do to animals?
10. What is the conclusion that the writer draws about animals?
11. Do her family members disagree with her? How did they respond to
her talk?
Topics for Discussion.
1. Do you agree with the writer’s statement “Animals — not
humans — are the best this planet has to offer?” Give your
reasons.
2. What rights do you think animals should have?
BACK
Reading Analysis
Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1-4
5-9
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals
because they are
honest.
someone they’re not ;
They don’t pretend to be _________________
their feelings .
they don’t fake ___________
I like animals
because they only
take out of life what
they need.
pollute
abuse their environment, ______
They don’t _____
their water and the air they breathe. They
don’t build ________________________
weapons of mass destruction
and use them against others — particularly
their own species .
members of _______________
BACK
NEXT
Paragraph
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
10-13
I like animals because
they live their lives
__________________
with
so much more
__________________
freedom than humans
__________________
live
theirs
________.
They don’t dwell on ______________
things of the past , nor
in the future ; they live
plan to live some day __________
today , this moment, fully, completely, and
_____
purely.
I like animals because
they don’t do to
themselves or others
the things we do to
them.
________ creatures on
Animals are the most victimized
earth. Our prejudice enables us to ______
exploit
___ them. We do to
and ____
use them and to eat
them any cruel act we can think of.
14
NEXT
Paragraph
15
16-18
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
I like animals because They don’t say one thing and _________.
do another
they are not hypocrites They are honest.
___________________.
Now, if humans could
only be like animals.
The conversation actually rolled into shared
stories of animals they’d known, stories of
animal ______
humor
loyalty and __________
intelligence , their _____
innocence .
and _________
Now retell the story by using the information in the table you have completed.
BACK
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
enables tourists to get a close look at wild animals.
1.The zoo _______
arguing with
2. When you’re trying to help someone, you don’t get anywhere by _______
them.
3. We were discussing Zhang Yimou’s new movie, and my brother made some
interesting comments
________ on it.
______ the cold morning temperature.
4. Runners of all ages showed up despite
planet .
5. Buying organic（有机的）food is certainly one way to help save our______
BACK
NEXT
comment
despite
pretend
enable
pollute
cruel
particularly
planet
freedom
argue
pretending to
6 She left the room quietly, not realizing that her son was just _________
. be asleep.
____ fact that we, human beings, are the ultimate cause of the
7 It’s a cruel
. disappearing animal kingdom（王国）.
polluted
8 Dianchi, a famous fresh water lake in Yunnan Province, is heavily _______
. and officials warn the situation is getting worse.
9. Most poor families in this small village have difficulty sending their children,
_________
particularly girls, to school.
10. The teachers have been given much freedom
_______ to choose their own textbooks.
NEXT
Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
play with
have no use for
get together
dwell on
on earth
on behalf of
1 If you __________
have no use for the book anymore, you can give it to me.
.
playing with cards alone.
2 Sometimes the old man just sits there all day __________
.
dwell on the dangers or worry about them, although I
3. I don’t actually _______
am aware of them.
4. Why don’t we __________
get together some day and have a real girls’ night?
__________
behalf of all
5. The decision is an important one as we are making it on
the members.
6. When Mary kissed him for the first time, Jim said he was the happiest
man _______
on earth .
BACK
Structure
Ask a question about the statement by using the words provided
in brackets.
Model:
I like animals very much. (why, suppose)
→ Why do you suppose you like animals so much?
1. The bad weather has made him change his mind. (what, guess)
What
do you guess has made him change his mind?
___________________________________________
2. He is the winner of the speech contest. (who, guess)
Who
do you guess is the winner of the speech contest?
____________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
3. The results of the exam will come out next week. (when, suppose)
When do you suppose the results of the exam will come out?
___________________________________________________
4. They spent their vacation deep in a tropical forest in Africa. (where, imagine)
Where
do you imagine they spent their vacation?
________________________________________
NEXT
Change the sentence pattern as shown by the model.
Model:
It’s not because they don’t know how.
→ I don’t think it’s because they don’t know how.
1. He will not agree with us.
I don’t think he will agree with us.
____________________________________________________
2. Alice cannot understand such a difficult question.
I don’t think Alice can understand such a difficult question.
____________________________________________________
NEXT
3. You are not at all taller than your brother.
I don’t think you are taller than your brother.
____________________________________________________________
4. They haven’t made up their minds.
I don’t think they have made up their minds.
____________________________________________________________
BACK
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.这份报告详述了部分物种如何因为环境污染而灭绝的经过。
This
report dwells on how some species were exterminated because of
__________________________________________________________
the
polluted environment.
__________________________________________________________
2. 说实话，我觉得出于偏见的刻毒评论总比伪君子的假意称赞好。
To
tell the truth, I think a snide comment made out of prejudice is better
__________________________________________________________
than
faked praise given by a hypocrite.
__________________________________________________________
3. 玛丽代表全体员工反驳经理，她争辩说限制员工自由是残忍的，并且最终将使
公司名誉受损。
Mary
countered the manager on behalf of all the employees by arguing
__________________________________________________________
that
it’s cruel to limit the employees freedom and it will eventually affect
__________________________________________________________
the
company’s reputation.
__________________________________________________________
BACK
NEXT
4. 到底是什么使得一些人，尤其是一些高官，不顾法律 (law) 而滥用职权？
What
on earth has enabled some people, particularly certain high
__________________________________________________________
officials,
to abuse their powers despite the law?
__________________________________________________________
5. 我不认为成功仅仅与智力有关。其实很多好的品质(quality) 比如纯真、诚
实、幽默和忠诚等，也可以帮助我们成功。
I don’t think success is merely related to intelligence. In fact, many good
__________________________________________________________
qualities, such as innocence, honesty, humor and loyalty, can help us
__________________________________________________________
succeed, too.
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6. 说来也怪，这个笑话居然没有引来捧腹大笑，甚至连一丝笑声都没有。难道观众
(audience) 在装严肃？
Strangely
enough, the joke did not bring about hearty laughter, not even a
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hint
of any. Could it be that the audience was pretending to be serious?
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Practical Writing
Telephone Messages
How to take a telephone message
When a telephone is answered on behalf of another person, a clear
and concise message should be written. Most organizations have a
message pad specifically designed for that purpose.
Often it is possible to simply write down the caller’s name; the
person for whom the message is intended; and fill in the caller’s
telephone number. Sometimes it is important to write down a specific
direction or message. This falls into the category of a short message
and must express clearly and briefly what the caller wishes to
communicate.
If the caller wants the person to take some action based on his/her
message, it may be good to number the points to help clarify the
instructions.
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For example, if the message is something like:
Would you tell him that I can’t meet him until 1:30? If that’s okay, tell
him not to ring me back but just to be there. Also we can’t have lunch at
Gerald’s. They’re full. It will have to be at George’s around the corner.
Actually he’d better ring me back or else I won’t know whether to wait or
not. Thanks. Bye.
This is an example of a brief message outlining the above details:
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Peter
FROM: Jane
Please meet Jane at 1:30 instead of 1:00 — it will have to be George’s,
not Gerald’s.
Ring back to confirm.
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Or if the message is like this:
Ask Mr. Smith to ring me back please. The name is Potter. I’m at 32123212. I will be out at lunchtime, but it is important that I speak to him as
soon as possible. I have left this message on his mobile phone as well, so
you may not need to give him the message at all. See what you can do…
but it is quite urgent. I should be back by 2:00 at the latest. He could try
my mobile phone but it will be turned off while I’m actually eating lunch.
My assistant will be there and he hates to be disturbed by the sound of
the phone while we are trying to get some work done and eat lunch.
Thanks very much.
DATE: 10/5/04
TIME: 12:00 p.m.
TO: Mr. Smith
FROM: Mr. Potter
Please ring 3212-3212 after 2 p.m. — it is quite urgent.
He’s left a message on your mobile too.
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Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
A: Leisure and Business Travel, Lucia speaking. How may I help you?
B: Can I speak to Charles, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out to lunch. Can I take a message?
B: Yes, please. My name’s Dryden.
A: That’s D-R-Y-D-E-N, isn’t it?
B: That’s right. I’m ringing about a ticket to Hong Kong. Charles was
getting me a reduced fare. Anyway he said this reduced fare was
only available in December and I want to check that because I may
not be coming back until January.
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A: OK. I’ll get Charles to call you back. Can you give me a contact
number?
B: I’m at work at the moment and the number here is 051-4488-2279.
A: Right, we’ll ring you back this afternoon.
B: I’ll be in the office until 6.
A: Thank you very much.
MESSAGE
To:
_______
Charles
From: Lucia
Date: 22 November, 2004
Time: 13:30
Dryden
1. When you were out _______ called.
_______
reduced
2. Please ring him about a
fare to Hong Kong.
_____________
051-4488-2279
You can ring him on
until 6 p.m.
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Read the following telephone message and complete the information
by filling in the blanks below.
(J = Jim; G = Gerald Rivers)
J: Hello, Gerald. It’s Jim. Is Peter there?
G: I’m sorry, Jim. He’s just left the office.
J: What time will he be back?
G: Not till tomorrow, I’m afraid. Can I take a message?
J: Yes, OK. It’s about a training course he’s interested in. Could you tell
him the
name of the course is “Managing People,” and it’s on July 13th?
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G: OK, so that’s “Managing People” on July 13th.
J: Yes, so he’ll have to be quick if he’s interested. The woman who runs the
course is called Joanna Little, and he should call her directly. Her number’s
032-4388-7762.
G: OK, Jim. I’ll make sure he gets this when he comes in.
For: _______
Peter
Date:7/3/2004
Telephone Message
Taken by: _______
Gerald
Time: 4:00 p.m.
Message:
Jim rang about the training course you are interested in. It’s called “Managing
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People”
and the next one is on July 13th. If you’re interested, call Joanna Little
_______________________________________________________________
at 032-4388-7762.
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