Transcript Introduction to Biotechnology http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nnSYi gHofb0&feature=related (Intro, 1 min) http://www.youtube.com/watc h?v=OcG9q9cPqm4 (Intro to biotechnology, 4 min) http://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=Wm6_BBS_KE4 (Intro to biotechnology, 3 min)

Introduction to
Biotechnology
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nnSYi
gHofb0&feature=related (Intro, 1 min)
http://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=OcG9q9cPqm4
(Intro to biotechnology, 4 min)
http://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=Wm6_BBS_KE4
(Intro to biotechnology, 3 min)
What is Biotechnology
The manipulation of living organisms or
their components to perform practical
tasks or provide useful products
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wm6_BBS
_KE4 (Intro to biotechnology, 3 min)
The industrial use of DNA, cell fusion and
bioprocessing techniques (US Office of Technology
Assessment, 1991)
So how long has this been going on?
Humans have used living organisms for a long time:
– making alcohol from fermented fruits
– using yeast for bread
– bacteria & fungi used to make cheese & wine
Biotechnology
• Biotechniques
“what we do”
processes performed in the lab
• Applications
“why we do it”
practical uses of biotechniques
Genetic Engineering
Manipulating genetic material for practical purposes
- selective breeding on farms – ancient
- genetic modification at the DNA level - relatively new
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)
Organisms that have been genetically modified
Some applications we will look at
1. DNA Profiling
2. Genome Analysis
3. Transgenesis
4. Gene Cloning
5. Stem Cell Research
6. Xenotransplantation
Application
Examples of biotechniques used
DNA profiling
PCR and gel electrophoresis
Genome Analysis
clone library and chromosome maps
Transgenesis
restriction enzymes and DNA ligase
Xenotransplantation transplant surgery &and
immunosupressant drugs
Gene Cloning
plasmids and markers
Stem cell research
extraction and modification
Bioethics
We will also look at the ethics of biotechnology:
 moral
 social
 religious
 humanitarian
Some people have very strong opinions on this subject –
it is important to respect their beliefs
 Environmentally friendly
 Could improve the
sustainability of crop and
livestock production
 Who owns and
 Could potentially benefit  Third world economies
the health of many
at risk of exploitation
 More predictable and  Biological risks have not
regulates the GMOs?
directed than
selective breeding
been adequately
addressed
 Animal ethics issues
 The costs of errors
Requirements for 3.2 AND 3.6
For 3.2 and 3.6, you must be able to:
– describe the application and 2 biotechniques (A)
– explain the techniques (M)
– discuss how and why the relevant techniques are used
– discuss the human need or demand for the application
Biotechnology
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=He91k5w
FYcM (Overview, 8½ mins)