Transcript 经络（Channels and Collaterals） 概念 作用 一、经络系统的组成： 十二经脉 经脉 奇经八脉 经络 十二经别 系统 十五别络 络脉 浮络 孙络 The Channels and Collaterals concept channels ── the main trunks which run longitudinally and interiorly-exteriorly within he body collaterals ──

经络（Channels and Collaterals）
概念
作用
一、经络系统的组成：
十二经脉
经脉 奇经八脉
经络
十二经别
系统
十五别络
络脉 浮络
孙络
The Channels and Collaterals
concept
channels ── the main trunks which run longitudinally and
interiorly-exteriorly within he body
collaterals ── networks, thinner and smaller than
channels, are the branches which run
crisscrossly over the body
Physiological Functions
The channels and collaterals are distributed all over the
body, pertains to the organs interiorly and extend to the
Extremities and joints exteriorly, joining the organs, tissues
Into an organic whole, by which they can transport qi and
Blood, keeping the functions and activities of all parts of the
Body in harmony and balance relatively.
Composition
Twelve Regular Channels
Channels
Eight Extra Channels
Twelve Muscle Regions etc.
Channels
and
Fifteen Collaterals
Collaterals Collaterals Minute Collaterals
Superficial Collaterals
* The Twelve Regular Channels
1. Name
二、十二经脉：(Twelve Regular Channels)
1、名称分类
手
足
阴经（属脏）
阳经（属腑）
太阴肺经
阳明大肠经
厥阴心包经
少阳三焦经
少阴心经
太阳小肠经
太阴脾经
阳明胃经
厥阴肝经
少阳胆经
少阴肾经
太阳膀胱经
循行部位
上
肢
前部
中部
后部
下
肢
前部
中部
后部
hand
foot
Yin channel
(pertains to
one viscera)
Yang channel
(pertains to one
bowel)
Main location
Yin channel: medial aspect
Yang channel: lateral aspect
The lung
channel
The large
intestine channel
Anterior line
The
pericardium
channel
The heart
channel
The triple
warmer channel
The small
intestine channel
Posterior
line
The spleen
channel
The stomach
channel
Anterior line
The liver
channel
The gallbladder
channel
The kidney
channel
The urinary
channel
Upper-limbs
Lowerlimbs
Medium line
Medium line
Posterior
line
2、走向、交接、分布、表里关系及流注次序
1）走向和交接规律
腹 胸
足三阴经
手三阴经
足
足三阴经
手
手三阳经
* 阴经与阴经
交于胸腹；
阳经与阳经
交于头面
头
阴经与阳经
交于四肢末端
2
The Cyclical Flow of Qi in the Twelve Regular Channels
The twelve regular channels are not separated with each other,
they link one another by their branches. A cyclical flow of qi is
maintained by the connection of the hand and foot, yin and yang,
exterior and interior. Through the channels, qi and blood may travel
all over the body to the organs and bowels interiorly and to the
muscles and surface exteriorly.
Abdomen-chest
3 foot-yin channels
3 hand-yin channels
Foot
Hand
3 foot-yang channels
3 hand-yang channels
head
2）分布规律：
阳经位于四肢外侧， 阳明在前，少阳在中，
太阳在后。
阴经位于四肢内侧，太阴在前，厥阴在中，
少阴在后。
3）表里络属关系
4）流注次序
三、奇经八脉 (Eight Extra Channels)
督、任、冲一源三歧
*The Eight Extra Channels
The eight extra channels are the Du, Ren, Chong,
Dai, Yinwei,Yangwei, Yinqiao and Yangqiao channels.
Unlike the twelve channels, none of them pertain
to the viscera or bowels, and they are not exteriorlyinteriorly related. Their courses are unique, and hence
the name, the extra channels.
Their main functions:
strengthening the association between the twelve regular
channels regulating the qi and blood of the regular
Channels.
腧穴（Acupoints）
1、腧穴的主治作用：
1）近治作用：
2）远治作用：
3）特殊作用：
2、腧穴的分类
1）十四经穴：（Regular Points）
2）奇穴：（Extraordinary Points）
3）阿是穴（Tender Spots）
Acupoints
Acupoints are the sites through which the qi of the organs
and bowels , channels is transported to the body surface.
*Basic Knowledge of Acupoints
1 The Therapeutic Properties of Acupoints
Local and adjacent therapeutic properties
Remote therapeutic properties (esp. the points below the
elbow and knee)
e.g. Zusanli (S36) treat disorders of lower limbs
regulate the whole digestive system
Special therapeutic properties
2 Classification of Acupoints
1) Acupoints of the fourteen channels (“regular points”)
twelve regular channels and Du, Ren channel
2) Extraordinary points
── have regular names and regular locations, but are
not entered in the fourteen channels
Tender spots ( A-shi points )
── have no specific names and definite locations, they
are the tender spots and other sensitive spots for needling
and moxibustion
4、腧穴的定位方法；
1）骨度分寸法：适用
于各种年龄、体型
的人
3 Methods of Locating Acupoints
1) Bone-length measurement unit : cun (“寸”)
Stands for Bone-length measurement
Body
part
Distance
Bone-length
measurement
head
Anterior hairline→ posterior
12 cun
Tian-tu → sternocostal
9 cun
Sternocostal angle→the center of navel
8 cun
The center of navel→the upper of symphysis pubis
5 cun
The area below Dazhui→coccyx
21 cun
The end of the axillary fold→ transverse cubital crease
9 cun
Transverse cubital crease→transverse wrist crease
12 cun
The level of the border of symphysis pubis→medial
epicondyle of femur
18 cun
The lower border of the medial condyle of tibia→the tip of
the medial malleolus
13 cun
Prominence of the great trochanter→the middle of patella
19 cun
The center of patella→the tip of lateral malleolus
16 cun
Chest and
abdomen
back
Upper limbs
Lower limbs
2）自然标志取穴法：有固定标志和活动标志
3）手指同身寸法：
a．中指同身寸法
b．拇指同身寸法
c．横指同身寸法（一夫法）
2) Anatomical landmarks
①Fixed landmark
e.g. five sense organs, nipple, navel, finger nail
②Movable landmark
e.g. Tinggong(SJ 19)
3)Simple measurement
4) Finger measurement
The length and width of the patient’s finger(s) are
taken as standard for point location.
①Middle finger measurement
②Four-finger measurement
③Thumb measurement
作业：
1、名词解释：经络、腧穴
2、简述十二经脉的命名、走向、交接、分布
规律。
3、腧穴可分为哪三类？有哪些主治作用？
如何定位？
4、中译英：经络、十二经脉、奇经八脉、
腧穴、奇穴、阿是穴
Homework：
1、Term explanation：Channels and collaterals, Acupoints
2、Simply state the Cyclical flow of Qi in the twelve
regular channels
3、How to classify acupoints? What are the therapeutic
properties of acupoints? How to locate them?