Transcript THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM REFERENCES Lancraft et al Tortora & Derrickson Ellen G. White CONTENTS  Composition of The Cardiovascular System  How does it Work – Outline  The Blood •Origin •Function •Physical Characteristics •Components “Perfect health.

THE
CARDIOVASCULAR
SYSTEM
REFERENCES
Lancraft et
al
Tortora & Derrickson
Ellen G.
White
CONTENTS
 Composition of The Cardiovascular System
 How does it Work – Outline
 The Blood
•Origin
•Function
•Physical Characteristics
•Components
“Perfect health depends upon perfect
circulation. The more active the circulation the
more free from obstructions and impurities
will be the blood. The blood nourishes the
body. The health of the body depends upon
the healthful circulation of the blood.”
Healthful living p.178
COMPOSITION
OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
COMPOSITION
OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
COMPOSITION
OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
CLOSED SYSTEM
COMPOSITION
OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
VIDEO
Video 1. The Cardiovascular System
COMPOSITION
OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
 Five Main Types of
Blood Vessels
COMPOSITION
OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
 Five Main Types of
Blood Vessels
COMPOSITION
 Five Main Types of
Blood Vessels
COMPOSITION
OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
 Five Main Types of
Blood Vessels
HOW DOES IT WORK?
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
HOW DOES IT WORK?
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
HOW DOES IT WORK?
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
HOW DOES IT WORK?
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
HOW DOES IT WORK?
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
ANIMATIONS
Capillary Exchange
HOW DOES IT WORK?
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
EXERCISES
Capillary Exchange Pick’em
THE BLOOD
-ORIGIN
-FUNCTION
- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
- PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS
ORIGIN
OF THE BLOOD
ORIGIN
OF THE BLOOD
BONE
MARROW
ORIGIN
OF THE BLOOD
BONE
MARROW
ORIGIN
OF THE BLOOD
BONE
MARROW
ORIGIN
OF THE BLOOD
The kidneys for synthesize the peptide hormone erythropoietin (EPO), which is an
essential factor for the stimulation of RBC formation. EPO is produced in the renal tissue and
released to the blood circulation to promote the maturation cycle of immature RBCs in the bone
marrow.
Without nucleus, RBC die
quickly, about 120 days and
need constant replacement.
ORIGIN
OF THE BLOOD
Audio 1. Origin of Blood
Figure 19.3 - Origin, Development, and Structure of Blood Cells
FUNCTIONS
OF THE BLOOD
FUNCTIONS
OF THE BLOOD
FUNCTIONS
OF THE BLOOD
1. Transportation
2. Regulation
3. Protection
FUNCTIONS
OF THE BLOOD
 Transportation
• Gases – O2 / CO2
• Nutrients
• Hormones
• Heat
FUNCTIONS
OF THE BLOOD
 Transportation
FUNCTIONS
OF THE BLOOD
 Regulation
• Homeostasis
• PH
• Temperature
• Water content of cells
FUNCTIONS
OF THE BLOOD
 Regulation
FUNCTIONS
OF THE BLOOD
 Protection
• Haemorrhage (through blood clotting)
• Diseases (actions undergone by the WBC)
FUNCTIONS
OF THE BLOOD
 Protection
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
OF THE BLOOD
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
OF THE BLOOD
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
OF THE BLOOD
-Blood is denser and more viscous than
water and feels slightly sticky.
- Colour varies with its oxygen content.
- Temperature = 38oC.
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
VIDEO
Video 2. Components of the Blood
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
RBC - Red Blood Cell
WBC – White Blood Cell
PLATELETS
PLASMA
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
PLASMA
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
RBC - RED BLOOD CELL
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
RBC - RED BLOOD CELL
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
280 million haemoglobin molecules!
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
280 million haemoglobin molecules!
Components
OF THE BLOOD
VIDEO
Video 3. Respiration and Ventilation
Video 4. Oxygen Transportation
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
WBC- WHITE BLOOD CELL
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
WBC
RBC
Platelets
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
PLATELETS
Thrombocytes
• Small, non-nucleated cell fragments (produced in
red bone marrow)
• Involved in Blood Clotting!
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
Haemostasis
(Blood clotting)
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
Haemostasis
(Blood clotting)
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
Haemostasis
(Blood clotting)
COMPONENTS
OF THE BLOOD
Haemostasis
(Blood clotting)
1. Vasoconstriction - Platelets adhere to
damaged wall, release serotonin (which
makes platelets stickier and call more
platelets to the clotting site), constricts vessel.
2. Platelet plug formation (Positive feedback)
3. Coagulation (Needs clotting factors) Process of clot
formation
4. Fibrinolysis
Vasoconstriction
EXPOSURE OF COLLAGEN = Vascular Spasm
(Vasoconstriction): & Thromboxane release
(vasoconstrictor and platelet aggregation)
Platelet Plug formation
Activated platelet discharge contents- include
ADP, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), serotonin,
calcium, vWF, Factor V, fibrinogen &
Thromboxane. (+ve feedback)
These secreted substances further promote
formation of the platelet. (+ve Feedback)
Coagulation
When platelets contact exposed collagen, the coagulation
factors or clotting factors are activated and they
respond in a complex Coagulation Cascade whereby
inactive PRO-THROMBIN (FactorII) converts to active
Thrombin (FactorIIa) which activates FIBRINOGEN
eventually forming fibrin strands which strengthen the
platelet plug.
Fibrinolysis
BLOOD
CELL DEATH
BLOOD
CELL DEATH
VIDEO
Video 5. Haemoglobin Recycling
BLOOD
CELL DEATH
REFERENCES SOURCE:
WHITE.E. (1898). Healthful Living. Ellen G. White Writings – Comprehensive
Research CD Room(2008 Ed.); Ellen White Estate.
Tortora, J.; Bryan D. (2011). Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. Vol. 1 and 2;
(14th ed.) John Wiley and Sons.
Animations: Cardiovascular system – available online (on purchase)
CNM – College of Naturopathic Medicine - lectures notes
VIDEO 1 - THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3ZDJgFDdk0
VIDEO 2 - THE COMPONENTS OF BLOOD
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bzYmPQOKBL8
Audio 1. Origin of Blood (Ch. 19/Figure 19.3 audio file) – available online (free)
http://higheredbcs.wiley.com/legacy/college/tortora/0470565101/hearthis_ill/pap13e_ch19_illustr_audio_mp3_am/si
mulations/hear/blood.html
VIDEO 3 – RESPIRATION and VENTILATION
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HiT621PrrO0
REFERENCES SOURCE:
VIDEO 4 – OXIGEN
TRANSPORTATION
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXOBJEXxNEo
VIDEO 5 – HAEMOGLOBIN RECYCLING
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g97zy_G_mYk
Next:
THE HEART
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