Section 18.2

RADICAL REVOLUTION &REACTION 1790’S BIG IDEA: REVOLUTIONARY GOV. USES TERROR

RADICAL REVOLUTION & REACTION

• • • Rev. became more radical -internal divisions & fear of invasion. • New leaders appeared – George Danton & Jean Paul Marat. •

The First Republic Sept 1792, est. National Convention

• •

new constitution-French Republic Abolished monarchy Fate of king Louis XVI (died 1793)

• •

Jacobins(king dead) Girondins (king alive)

• •

Crises & Responses

After Louis XVI’s execution –European Nations form

coalition

Committee of Public Safety gains power •

MAXIMILEIN ROBESPIERRE.

–

Reign of Terror

» Revolutionary courts 40,000 killed (Marie

Antoinette executed )

»

Revolutionary armies -Brutal

• Grapeshot replaced guillotine. »

Goal -REPUBLIC OF VIRTUE

•

De-Christianize France

•

Closed churches

•

New calendar

End of the Terror

• • •

1794 Robespierre Guillotined.

1795 National Convention -new Constitution/Gov.

–

Directory

•

Bicameral legislative branch (Council 500 & Council of Elders)

•

5 men executive branch

•

Reopened churches 1799 Coup d’ etat –Napoleon takes power

Section 2 Review

• • • • • • Sudden overthrow of a government Coup d’etat The Reign of Terror set up revolutionary courts to prosecute who?

Counter revolutionaries The two dissenting groups within the National Convention were?

Girondins and the Mountain

Section 2 Review

• • • • • • • • Minister of Justice for the Paris Commune Georgas Danton Dissenting groups were called what?

Factions Upper legislative house under the Constitution of 1795 Council of Elders Individuals qualified to vote electors

Section 2 Review

• • • • • • The Committee of Public Safety originally implemented the Reign of Terror to defend France against what?

Foreign armies The Directory was eventually toppled by who?

Napoleon Bonaparte During its rule, the government of the Directory was opposed by what groups?

Conservatives and radicals