Lesson Mental Disorders Do you experience sadness, anxiety, and fear? How long do these feelings usually last? Lesson Mental Disorders For some people these feelings persist.
Download ReportTranscript Lesson Mental Disorders Do you experience sadness, anxiety, and fear? How long do these feelings usually last? Lesson Mental Disorders For some people these feelings persist.
Lesson
1 Mental Disorders
Do you experience sadness, anxiety, and fear?
How long do these feelings usually last?
Lesson
1 Mental Disorders
For some people these feelings persist for a long time and affect a person’s behavior or daily activities. This may indicate that he or she is suffering from a mental disorder.
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In this lesson, you will learn to:
Lesson Objectives
• Name the different types of mental disorders • Identify situations requiring professional mental health services • Discuss the types of mental disorders that affect our society
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Mental Disorders
What Are Mental Disorders?
• 20 percent of the U.S. population—54 million people—are
affected by some form of mental disorder .
• Fewer than 8 million people with mental disorders actually seek treatment. • Of the 20 percent of children and adolescents who suffer from mental health problems, only one-third receive the help they need.
Lesson
1 What Are Mental Disorders?
Seeking Treatment for Mental Disorders People are reluctant to seek treatment for mental/emotional problems because of: • Embarrassment or shame.
• Stigma or a negative label.
• Misconceptions and stereotypes.
Many mental and emotional disturbances involve imbalances in brain chemistry and require medical attention.
Lesson
1 Types of Mental Disorders
Broad Classification of Mental Disorders
Organic Disorder
It is caused by a physical illness or an injury that affects the brain.
Possible causes: Brain tumors Infections Chemical imbalances Exposure to drugs and toxins Injuries resulting in brain damage
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Anxiety Disorders
Types of Mental Disorders
often arrange their lives to avoid situations that make them feel anxious or fearful. There are four main types of anxiety disorders: 1.
Phobias 2.
Obsessive-compulsive disorders 3.
Panic disorders 4.
Post-traumatic stress disorders
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Phobia A phobia is a strong and irrational fear of something specific.
Types of Mental Disorders
People with phobias: • Do everything they can to avoid the object of their fear.
• May be unable to live a normal life.
• May remain prisoners in their own homes.
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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Types of Mental Disorders
A person with obsessive-compulsive disorder is trapped in a pattern of repeated thoughts or behaviors.
• Obsessive refers to persistent, recurrent, and unwanted thoughts that prevent people from attending to normal daily activities.
• Compulsive refers to repeated, irresistible behaviors.
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Panic Disorder
Types of Mental Disorders
• A person with a panic disorder has sudden, unexplained feelings of terror. • These panic attacks may occur at any time or place, but most are triggered by a particular object, condition, or situation. • Symptoms of panic attacks include trembling, pounding heart, shortness of breath, and dizziness.
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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Types of Mental Disorders
• Post-traumatic stress disorder
is common after a personal assault, natural or human-made disasters, accidents, and military combat. • Symptoms may include flashbacks, nightmares, emotional numbness, sleeplessness, and guilt.
• It may arise weeks or months after the event that caused it.
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Mood Disorders
Types of Mental Disorders
The emotional swings of a mood disorder
intensity and duration.
are extreme in both
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Two Types of Mood Disorders
Types of Mental Disorders Clinical Depression
Clinical depression affects a person’s ability to: Concentrate. Sleep.
Perform at school or work.
Handle everyday decisions and challenges.
Feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or despair last for more than a few weeks and interfere with daily interests and activities.
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Eating Disorders
Types of Mental Disorders
Factors that can lead to an eating disorder are: • Psychological pressures. • Possible genetic factors.
• Obsession with body image and thinness.
Lesson
1 Types of Mental Disorders
Physical Health Complications of Eating Disorders A person who suffers from an eating disorder can experience a wide range of physical health complications, including: • Serious heart conditions. • Kidney failure, which may lead to death. It is therefore critical that a person with an eating disorder get help immediately.
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Conduct Disorders
Types of Mental Disorders
• Children and adolescents who act out their impulses toward others in destructive ways may have a
• They may project an image of toughness, but people with this disorder usually have low self-esteem. • Without treatment, they will be unable to adapt to the demands of adulthood.
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Schizophrenia
Types of Mental Disorders
• Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder in which a person loses contact with reality. • Symptoms of schizophrenia include delusions, hallucinations, and thought disorders.
• Causes of this condition may be a combination of genetic factors and chemical and structural changes in the brain.
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Personality Disorders
Types of Mental Disorders
• Personality refers to an individual’s unique traits and behavior patterns. • People afflicted with these disorders think and behave in ways that make it difficult for them to get along with others. • Counseling, and sometimes medication, are recommended as treatment.
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Types of Personality Disorders
Types of Mental Disorders
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Borderline Personality Disorder
They tend to be irritable, aggressive, impulsive, and violent. In many cases, they are unable to show remorse for their behavior.
Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder
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Choose the appropriate option.
Q.
Schizophrenics are people who have multiple or split personalities and pose a serious threat to other people.
Quick Review
Quick Review - Answer
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A.
False. It’s a common misconception that people who suffer from schizophrenia are violent or have multiple personalities. Most schizophrenic people are usually not a threat to others.
Click Next to attempt another question.
Quick Review
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Choose the appropriate option.
Q.
Which of the following is not a cause of an organic mental disorder?
1. Physical illness 2. Brain damage
Quick Review - Answer
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A.
3. Psychological issues
Psychological issues are not a cause of an organic mental disorder.
Click Next to attempt another question.
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Choose the appropriate option.
Q.
People with bipolar disorder exhibit high levels of energy and are rarely, if ever, depressed.
Quick Review
Quick Review - Answer
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A.
False. People with bipolar disorder typically exhibit extreme mood changes that range from manic “highs” to depressive “lows.” Click Next to attempt another question.
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Choose the appropriate option.
Q.
A person with clinical depression could “shake it off” if he or she really tried.
Quick Review
Quick Review - Answer
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A.
False. Clinical depression is a chemical imbalance that a person cannot overcome without professional help.
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Lesson
• 20 percent of the U.S. population—54 million people—are
affected by some form of mental disorder .
a person, preventing him or her from leading a happy, healthful, and productive life.
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Lesson
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
• Post-traumatic stress disorder
condition that may develop after exposure • the event that caused it.
that threatened or caused physical harm.
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The emotional swings of a mood disorder
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• Children and adolescents who act out their impulses toward others in destructive ways may have a
Lesson
1 Types of Mental Disorders
Broad Classification of Mental Disorders
Functional Disorder
It has a psychological cause and does not involve brain damage.
Possible causes: Heredity Stress Emotional conflict Fear Ineffective coping skills Disturbing events in childhood or in the recent past
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Two Types of Mood Disorders
Types of Mental Disorders
Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder is marked by: Extreme mood changes. Extreme energy levels.
Extreme behavior.
Adults may behave normally between episodes of extreme emotion.
Teens tend to alternate rapidly between the two extremes with few clear periods of wellness between episodes.
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Types of Personality Disorders
Types of Mental Disorders
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Borderline Personality Disorder
They tend to engage in high risk activities, and many have poor self-esteem. Although they fear abandonment, they frequently lash out violently at the people they need most.
Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder
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Types of Personality Disorders
Types of Mental Disorders
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Borderline Personality Disorder
They are often uncooperative. They resent being told what to do, yet they rely on others’ direction. They are angry over issues of control.
Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder
Quick Review - Answer
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A.
Correct!
It’s a common misconception that people who suffer from schizophrenia are violent or have multiple personalities. Most schizophrenic people are usually not a threat to others.
Click Next to attempt another question .
Lesson
1 Quick Review - Answer
You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer.
Quick Review - Answer
Lesson
1
A.
Correct!
Psychological issues are not a cause of an organic mental disorder.
Click Next to attempt another question .
Lesson
1 Quick Review - Answer
You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer.
Quick Review - Answer
Lesson
1
A.
Correct!
People with bipolar disorder typically exhibit extreme mood changes that range from manic “highs” to depressive “lows.” Click Next to attempt another question .
Lesson
1 Quick Review - Answer
You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer.
Quick Review - Answer
Lesson
1
A.
Correct!
Clinical depression is a chemical imbalance that a person cannot overcome without professional help.
Lesson
1 Quick Review - Answer
You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer.