Transcript Introduction to Anatomy Purpose of Anatomy   Foundation of many healthcare professions ATC must have excellent understanding of anatomy What structures have been injured  What constitutes.

Introduction to
Anatomy
Purpose of Anatomy
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Foundation of many healthcare professions
ATC must have excellent understanding of
anatomy
What structures have been injured
 What constitutes normal movement
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Anatomical Position
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Improves communication between healthcare
professionals  standard body alignment
Erect stance, arms at side, palms facing forward
Planes of the Body
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Frontal plane: vertical
plane, divides body into
front & back halves
Sagittal plane: vertical
plane, divides body into
left & right sides
Transverse plane:
horizontal plane, divides
body into upper & lower
parts
Common Medical Terms of Location
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Anterior: towards the
front
Posterior: towards the
back
Medial: toward the
midline
Lateral: away from the
midline
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Proximal: towards an
attachment (shoulder or
hip)
Distal: away from an
attachment
Superior: above another
point
Inferior: below another
point
Movements
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Flexion: bending of
joint (↓ angle between 2
bones)
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Extension: straightening
of joint (↑ angle between
2 bones)
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Hyperextension:
extending beyond
normal range of motion
Movements—con’t
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Abduction: limb moves
away from midline
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Adduction: limb moves
toward midline
Movements—con’t
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Rotation: bone moves on axis, toward or away
from the body
Circumduction: limb moves in circular path
around axis
Rotation
Circumduction
Movements—con’t
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Supination: turning
palm upward; raising
medial margin of foot
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Pronation: turning palm
downward; lowering
medial margin of foot
Movements—con’t
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Plantarflexion: extends
the foot, toes pointing
down
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Dorsiflexion: flexes the
foot, toes pointing up
Movements—con’t
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Inversion: turns sole of the foot inward
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Eversion: turns sole of the foot outward
Movements—con’t
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Protraction: body part
glides forward (shoulder,
jaw)
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Retraction: body part
glides backward
Protraction
Retraction
Movements—con’t
Depression
Elevation
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Elevation: lifting body
part upward (shoulders)
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Depression: lowering
body part downward
Movements—con’t
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Opposition: movement of the thumb to touch
each finger
Axis of Rotation
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ALL movements occur around an axis of
rotation
Each plane has an axis that runs perpendicular
to the plane