Transcript World War II 1939-1945 By Sam Irving Hitler on the Offensive BIG Idea: Hitler’s desire for lebensraum, or living space, for Germans led to war in.

World War II
1939-1945
By Sam Irving
Hitler on the Offensive
BIG Idea: Hitler’s desire for
lebensraum, or living space, for
Germans led to war in Europe.
Acts of Aggression
Broke the Versailles Treaty
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Increased the military beyond the limits
of the treaty.
Occupied the demilitarized Rhineland, a
German area on the French border.
Guessed correctly that France and
Britain would do nothing.
The Rhineland
Anschluss (Joining): sent troops into
ethnically-German Austria & proclaimed
it part of the Reich in March 1938.
Demanded the Sudetenland, an
ethnically-German part of
Czechoslovakia.
Czechoslovakian Sudetenland (Shown in white).
Appeasement: France and Britain
gave in to Hitler’s territorial demands
to maintain peace.
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Munich Conference (1938) gave Hitler
the Sudetenland.
Takes the rest of Czechoslovakia a ½
year later.
Neville Chamberlain (left), Edouard Daladier, Adolf Hitler, and
Benito Mussolini prior to signing the Munich Agreement.
What’s this political cartoon conveying?
Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact 1939
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Stalin & Hitler pledged neutrality
Secretly carved-up Eastern Europe
Hitler invades Poland in 1939.
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Soviets occupied eastern Poland.
Britain & France declare war.
Major Combatants
Allies: Britain, France,
U.S., & Soviet Union
Axis: Germany, Italy, &
Japan.
Assignment:
Appeasement Blog Debate
ELT: Analyze cause and effect
relationships using historical
information that is organized
chronologically.
Let’s debate how we deal with
belligerent nations today.
What’s this map showing?
War in Europe
BIG Idea: Germans used blitzkrieg,
or “lightning war,” a strategy of
taking the enemy by surprise, to
conquer all of Western Europe in
months.
British evacuation at Dunkirk
Whose left fighting the Nazis?
Bombing of Civilians
Bombing of Britain


Germans bombed London for 57
consecutive nights.
British endured and blocked Hitler’s
invasion.
U.S. aids Britain
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General desire for isolation and
neutrality after WWI.
Lend-Lease Act (1940): allowed F.D.R.
to lend war equipment to Britain.
London 1940
Allies fire-bombed German cities.

100,000 civilian casualties in Dresden.
Hitler v. Stalin
Hitler invades the Soviet Union in
1941.
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Stalingrad: Soviets refuse to surrender,
winter sets in, and Nazis retreat.
Sound familiar?
Eastern Front marked by atrocities on
both sides.

Nazis viewed eastern Europeans as subhuman.
Assignment:
War in Europe Guided Reading
ELT:Analyze the impact of major
wars on the modern world.
Let’s take a closer look at WWII in
Europe.
The Holocaust
Beginnings
Forced to wear the Star of David, an
ancient Jewish symbol.
Forced to live in crowded, unsanitary
ghettos.
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Ex. Warsaw, Poland
Deliberate starvation
Warsaw Ghetto Uprising of 1943
Killing Squads (Einsatzgruppen)
S.S. groups who moved with the
regular German army in the east.

Shot over 1 million Jews and buried
them in mass graves.
Ivangorod, Ukraine 1942
What’s this?
The Final Solution (Summer 1942)
Sent to death camps in the east.
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Ex. Auschwitz, Poland
Gas Chambers
Starved or worked to death
Victims of cruel experiments
6 million Jews and 6 million Slavs
and “undesirables” were
murdered.
Gates at Auschwitz
A Gas Chamber at Auschwitz
Assignment
Essential Learning Target: Give examples
of how philosophical beliefs have
influenced society.

How did Nazi racism lead to atrocities on
the Eastern front?
Primary Source Reading: Rena’s Promise:
A Story of Sisters in Auschwitz
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Read and answer questions 1-5.
Allied Victory in Europe
BIG Idea: Once Allied and Soviet
forces defeated Germany in 1945,
mistrust and tension between the two
victors divided Europe.
D-Day
D-Day
June 6th, 1944: Amphibious invasion of
Nazi-held France by Allied forces.
Victory
American and Soviet troops
met on the Elbe river,
completely occupying
Germany.
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German unconditional surrender
on May 7th 1945.
What did they do to Germany?
The Yalta Conference 1945
Divided Germany, and Berlin, into 4
zones occupied by Britain, France, the
U.S., and the Soviet Union.
United Nations formed.
Europe Divided
Roosevelt encouraged capitalist,
democratic states in Western Europe.
Stalin kept control of Soviet-occupied
Eastern Europe.
“An iron curtain descended across the
continent.”

Winston Churchill
Assignment
ELT: Analyze the impact of major
wars on the modern world.
“The Cost of War” Pie Chart
Analysis

Let’s consider the human cost of
WWII.
War in the Pacific
Why was the West upset with Japan?
Causes
Japan acquired European and U.S.
colonies in Indo-China.

Attempted to create “The Greater East-Asia
Co-prosperity Sphere” (a Japanese Empire ruling
all of Asia)
U.S. sanctioned the sale of oil & steel
to Japan.
Japan joins the Axis in 1940.
Pearl Harbor (Dec. 7, 1941)
2,400 dead
19 ships & 188 airplanes destroyed
Aircraft carriers & ½ the U.S. planes
were at sea during the attack.
U.S. was now officially at war with the
Axis powers.
Japanese Internment in the U.S.
110,000 Japanese-Americans forced
into internment camps.
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Loss of dignity, family, and property.
The Pacific Theater
Island Hopping: U.S. General
MacArthur attacked some
Japanese-controlled islands in the
Pacific and bypassed others,
cutting them off from supplies.
Iwo Jima: 25,000 U.S. casualties in
capturing this 14 sq. mi. island.
Okinawa: 50,000 U.S. casualties
 Last obstacle to an Allied invasion
of Japan.
Kamikazes: Japanese pilots on
suicide missions.
President Truman, succeeding
F.D.R., drops the atomic bomb in
August of 1945.
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Believed it would end the war swiftly
and avoid the loss of life from
invading Japan.
Hiroshima & Nagasaki
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200,000 immediate deaths
Many more died later from radiation.
Japan surrenders Sept. 2nd, 1945.
 WWII ends
Effects of WWII
55 million total dead

22 million Soviet deaths
Europe destroyed
U.S. & the Soviet Union
(U.S.S.R.) become global
superpowers.
Activity: The A-Bomb Debate
Essential Learning Target: Gather,
analyze, and reconcile historical
information from primary and
secondary sources to support or
reject hypothesis.
Discussion Topic: President Truman
should/shouldn’t have dropped the
atomic bomb on Japan because…
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