Transcript Chapter 16 section 3 The Crisis Deepens Setting the Scene Pg.468 Chapter 16 section 3 Setting the Scene The Crisis Deepens Pg.468

Chapter 16
section 3
The Crisis Deepens
Setting the Scene
Pg.468
Chapter 16
section 3
Setting the Scene
The Crisis Deepens
Pg.468
Chapter 16
section 3
The Crisis Deepens
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Pg.468
Chapter 16
section 3
The Crisis Deepens
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Pg.468
Proposed by
Stephen A.
Douglas
from Illinois
Chapter 16
section 3
Lewis Cass
The Crisis Deepens
The Election of 1852
James Buchanan
William Marcy
Stephen Douglas
All tried to get the nomination for the DEMOCRATS
Whigs
Democrats
vs.
Franklin Pierce
Winfield Scott
Pg.468
Chapter 16
section 3
The Crisis Deepens
The Election of 1852
Pg.468
Franklin
Pierce
Winfield
Scott
Chapter 16
section 3
The Crisis Deepens
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Support for the Act
Pg.469
Chapter 16
section 3
The Crisis Deepens
Support for the Act
Pg.469
Franklin Pierce won the election of 1852 and became the 14th
President of the United States. With President Pierce’s support, the
Kansas-Nebraska Act passed through Congress.
Chapter 16
section 3
The Crisis Deepens
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Pg.469
Chapter 16
section 3
The Crisis Deepens
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Northern Outrage
Pg.469
Chapter 16
section 3
KANSASNEBRASKA
ACT
The Crisis Deepens
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Northern Outrage
Repealed or overrode the
Missouri Compromise of
1820
Missouri
Compromise
of 1820
Pg.468
Northerners felt that the issue of
slavery in this territory (the Louisiana
Purchase Territory) was already
decided by the Missouri Compromise
and it was decided that these lands
would be free from slavery.
To protest the passing of the KansasNebraska Act, anti-slavery northerners
openly challenged the Fugitive Slave
Act.
Chapter 16
section 3
The Crisis Deepens
The Crisis Turns Violent
Pg.469-470
Chapter 16
section 3
The Crisis Deepens
The Crisis Turns Violent
Pg.469-470
I hope that now settlers
can peacefully decide on
the issue of slavery.
Stephen Douglas - sponsor and
supporter of the Kansas-Nebraska Act
Both groups, anti-slavery northerners and
pro-slavery southerners began to move
into the Kansas Territory hoping that it
would become either free or slave when
it joined the Union.
Chapter 16
section 3
The Crisis Deepens
The Crisis Turns Violent
Pg.469-470
“Border Ruffians”
Pro-slavery “gangs” rode into Kansas from across the
border of nearby Missouri to harass, pick fights with, and
hopefully scare anti-slavery families out of Kansas.
Chapter 16
section 3
Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Crisis Turns Violent
Two Governments
Pg.470
Chapter 16
section 3
Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Crisis Turns Violent
Pg.470
Two Governments
Two Governments in Kansas
Kansas held an election in 1855 to set
up a government for the territory so it
could become a state.
During the election, hundreds of
“Border Ruffians” from Missouri came
to Kansas and voted illegally in the
election
allowing
a
pro-slavery
government to be elected.
The pro-slavery government passed two laws right away: One
saying people could be put to death for helping slaves escape and
a second making speaking out against slavery a crime.
Chapter 16
section 3
Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Crisis Turns Violent
Two Governments in Kansas
Anti-slavery settlers who claimed the
election was corrupt refused to accept
the laws and elected their own
government.
The two opposing governments both
claimed to be in charge of Kansas. This
led to violence.
Pg.470
Chapter 16
section 3
Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Crisis Turns Violent
Pg.470
Chapter 16
section 3
Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Crisis Turns Violent
Pg.470
“Bleeding Kansas”
John Brown, his 4 sons, and two other men rode to the town of
Pottawatomie Creek and took revenge against pro-slavery settlers
by dragging 5 of them from their beds while they were sleeping
and murdering them.
Chapter 16
section 3
Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Crisis Turns Violent
Pg.470
Chapter 16
section 3
Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Crisis Turns Violent
Pg.470
“Bleeding Kansas”
The violence became even worse after the contested elections held
in 1855. Again, pro-slavery ruffians were coming across the border.
In 1856, they raided the town of Lawrence, Kansas and destroyed
homes and smashed the printing-press of the a Free-Soil newspaper.
Chapter 16
section 3
Violence in the Senate
Pg.470
Chapter 16
section 3
Violence in the Senate
Pg.470
Chapter 16
section 3
Violence in the Senate
Pg.470
Senator Charles Sumner (an abolistionist) spoke out against slavery
and harshly criticized Senator Andrew Butler. A few days later,
Andrew Butler’s nephew, Congressman Preston Brooks, marched
into the Senate and beat Sumner with a heavy cane.
Chapter 16
section 3
Violence in the Senate
Pg.470
Further dividing the nation
Northerners were outraged at the act and said
that this was evidence that slavery led to violence
in America.
Southerners sent canes to Preston Brooks showing
their support for what he did.
Preston Brooks was forced to resign from the House of Representatives but was
later re-elected to office before dying at age 37.
Charles Sumner slowly recovered and returned to the Senate to serve for a total
of 18 years.
Chapter 16
section 3
The Dred Scott Case
Pg.471
Chapter 16
section 3
The Dred Scott Case
Pg.471
•Dred Scott was a slave owned by Dr.
John Emerson.
•He was enslaved in Missouri for many
years.
•His owner moved to Illinois and took
Dred Scott with him. (Illinois was a free
state.)
•His owner then took Dred Scott with
him to the Wisconsin territory where
slavery was also not allowed.
•Before his death, Dred Scott’s owner
took him back to Missouri (a slave state).
Dred Scott
Chapter 16
section 3
The Dred Scott Case
Pg.471
Dred Scott and his wife Harriet Scott
•After Dr. Emerson’s death, Dred Scott and his wife Harriet with
the help of anti-slavery lawyers filed a lawsuit claming that they
were free because they had been taken into states where slavery
was illegal.
Chapter 16
section 3
The Dred Scott Case
Pg.471
Chapter 16
The Crisis Deepens
The Dred Scott Case
section 3
Pg.471
U.S. Supreme Court Case
Dred Scott v. Sanford
* Sanford was the lawyer for Mrs.
Emerson (Dr. Emerson’s wife) who felt
she still owned the Scotts
Chief Justice Roger B. Taney
The Supreme Court decided:
Dred Scott
•Dred Scott could not file a lawsuit because he was a slave, not a
citizen and had no access to the courts.
•Slaves were property and just like any other property, just taking
it into a free state does not mean it is no longer your property.
•Congress does not have the power to outlaw slavery in any
territory (since it’s not a power given in the Constitution).
Chapter 16
section 3
The Crisis Deepens
The Dred Scott Case
The Nation Reacts
Pg.472
Chapter 16
section 3
The Crisis Deepens
The Dred Scott Case
The Nation Reacts
Pg.472
Northerners were shocked and angry. They
hoped that the decision would have more
whites join the abolitionist movement.
Southerners were happy since this is what
they had been saying all along.
Chapter 16
section 3
The Crisis Deepens
The Dred Scott Case
The Nation Reacts
Pg.472
This infamous decision maintains that slaves …
are property in the same sense that horses, sheep,
and swine are property …that [people] of
African descent are not and cannot be citizens
of the United States.
All I ask of the American people is that
they live up to the Constitution, adopt its
principles, [take in] its spirit, and enforce its
provisions. When this is done…liberty…will
become the inheritance of all the inhabitants
of this highly favored country.
Fredrick Douglas
Former Slave & Abolitionist