Transcript Leptospria and training Presentation

The resource for testing of
Leptospirosis
On site
Leptospirosis
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Caused by bacteria leptospires:
long, thin, motile spirochetes
maintained in the genital and urinary tract
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Characterized by Weil’s in 1886
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Also known as infectious jaundice
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Animals are the natural host
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The infection is often wrongly diagnosed
due to the wide range of symptoms.
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Wrong diagnosis leads to potentially
fatal infections of the kidney, liver, brain,
lung or heart
A Global Infection
High
Low
Annual rates of leptospira infection
0.02 per 100,000 population in temperate climates
100 to 500 times increased rate in tropical climates
Associated with heavy rainfall or flooding
TransmissionRoute
Transmitted to humans by
direct exposure with urine or
tissue of an infected animal:
Rodents
Raccons
Oopossums
Cattle
Swine
Dogs
Horses
Buffaloes
Sheep
Goats
Leptospirosis Does Not Discriminate the Rich & Poor
Risk of Exposure
An occupational hazard
A recreational hazard
Outdoor laborers /animal workers:
Outdoor sporting in
contaminated lakes & rivers:
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farmers
mine workers
sewer workers
slaughter house workers
veterinarians
animal caretakers
fish workers
military personnel
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camping
swimming
kayaking
rafting
Leptospirosis Prevention
Vaccinate your pets to protect them and your family
members against this disease
Avoid contact with animal urine or body fluids, particularly
with any open wounds
Do not swallow, swim or walk in water that may contain
animal urine
Wear protective clothing or footwear near soil or water
that may be contaminated with animal urine
Leptospirosis Course
Infection
90-95%
no symptom
10%
flu like illness
Phase I
2 days – 4 wks
Very few
Weil’s Syndrome
Phase II
In 2nd week
Common Symptoms of Leptospirosis
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High fever
Headache
Chills
Muscle aches
Vomiting
Jaundice
Red eyes
Abdominal Pain
Diarrhea
Rash
Leptospirosis Complications
If not diagnosed and treated
Hepatomegaly
•Ards
•Azotemia
•Meningitis
•Extreme fatigue
•Hemorrhage
•Hearing loss
•Respiratory distress
•Pulmonary hemorrhage
•Hepatomegaly
•Weil's disease (liver and renal failure)
•Fatality rate is 1 to 5%!
Leptospirosis Treatment
A curable Infection!
•Can be treated with antibiotics such as Doxycycline or Penicillin
•Treatment is most effective when started promptly
people with symptoms
suggestive of leptospirosis
should contact a health care
provider for an on site rapid test
The Threat of Leprospirosis
Phase I
Show false recovery for a
while
Flu like symptoms
2-4 weeks
misdiagnosed
Not seek medical care
Phase II
severe complications
in 2 weeks
An Early & Differential Diagnosis Is Required!
Diseases Resembling Leptospirosis
Light symptoms
Middle to high severity symptoms
differentiation from
differentiation from
Influenza
Dengue fever
Other hemorrhagic fevers
Other fevers
Hepatitis
Viral meningitis
Malaria
Typhoid fever
other related viral
diseases
Current Leptospirosis Diagnostics
• Epidemiologic history
History of contact with stagnant contaminated water or rodents
• MAT as gold standard to detect antibodies
limited to reference institutes, large panel of the leptospria are required to
make the test reagent;
Positive result 10–12 days after the first clinical symptoms and signs
• Urine, blood, CSF culture
The median time for positive result is from 3 weeks to 3 months;
Useless for diagnosis, but is commonly used in research.
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PCR
Early, accurate diagnosis, but expensive and is commonly used in research
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Serology antibody test
Positive results seen in 5-10 days after infection, commonly used
CTK Leptospirosis Test Kit
CE !
OnSite Leptospira IgG /IgM Combo Rapid Test
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Detects IgG and IgM in one test device
Can use serum, plasma & whole blood
Simple procedure, result in 15 minutes
Requires minimal training without equipment
The most sensitive rapid test kit on market
OnSite Leptospira IgG /IgM Combo Test Window
OnSite Leptospira IgG/IgM Combo Kit
Catalog: R0101C
1 drop of specimen
1 drop of sample diluent
Result
CE !
OnSite Leptospira IgG/IgM Combo Kit
Test Result Interpretation
Negative
IgM Positive
IgG Positive
IgM+G Positive
No infection
Fresh early
Infection
Re-infection
late stage infection
Current Infection
OnSite Leptospira IgG /IgM Combo kit Performance
• Sensitivity and Specificity
Test
Sensitivity
Specificity
OnSite IgM
40%-90%
90-99 %
OnSite IgG
90%-100%
90-99 %
Competitors
28% - 48%
90-99 %
• Stability
Stable for 4 months at 45°C
Stable for 18 months at 2-30°C
Simple, cost effective on site screening test
to indicate for leptospira infection
CTK Leptospira Differential Test kits
CTK OnSite Rapid Test Kits
Major Symptoms
CE Status
Headache,
muscle ache
CE
Fever, jaundices
N/A
OnSite Malaria Ab and Ag Rapid Test
Chill, fever,
headache
CE
OnSite Dengue IgG/IgM and Ag Rapid
Test
Fever, headache
muscle ache
CE
OnSite CHIK IgM Rapid Test
Fever, headache
CE
Fever
CE
OnSite Rotavirus Ag Rapid Test
Fever, vomiting
diarrhea
CE
OnSite Typhoid IgG/IgM Rapid Test
Fever, vomiting
diarrhea
CE
OnSite influenza A/B Rapid test
OnSite Hepatitis A, B, C and E Rapid Test
OnSite Flariasis IgG/IgM Rapid Test
Leptospirosis - Final Message
• Infectious disease caused by leptospires
• Transmitted to humans by direct exposure to urine or tissue of an
infected animal.
• Typically progresses through two phases of nonspecific symptoms.
• Pets may also be at risk of contracting leptospirosis.
• Treated with antibiotics and it is rarely fatal if treated promptly.
For early, cost effective, differential diagnosis
Ask for OnSite Leptospira IgG/IgM Combo test kit!
For Onsite leptospira Test Kit Information
Local distributor
CTK contact information:
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
San Diego, CA 92121, USA