Transcript Jeopardy I

The Age of
Jackson
Manifest
Destiny
100
Texas
War with
Mexico
California
100
100
100
100
200
200
200
200
200
300
300
300
300
300
400
400
400
400
400
500
500
500
500
500
This campaign strategy became
widely used during the Election of
1828, as candidates tried to ruin
each other’s reputation by
spreading rumors and lies about
the other, such as cartoons of
Jackson attacking civilians and
rumors of Adam’s selling a girl to
the ruler of Russia.
What is
Mudslinging?
“To the victor belong the spoils!”
This practice of replacing
government employees with the
winning candidate’s supporters
began with Jackson, as he said
that a new set of federal
employees would be good for
democracy.
What is the
Spoils System?
This is the term the south used for the
tariff that Congress placed on
imported manufactured goods from
England in 1828, in order to make
American made goods cheaper and
more desirable in the States. This
angered the South because they did
not manufacture goods; it only
resulted in fewer choices for southern
purchasers.
What was the
“Tariff of
Abominations?”
This term has been used by states,
when they feel a federal law is
against state interests, and they
individually vote to cancel the law.
Vice President John C. Calhoun and
other southerners used the threat of
secession, or breaking away from the
union, as they passed their own
cancelling law to defeat the “Tariff of
Abominations.”
What was
Nullification?
Due to his contempt for rich
private bankers, Jackson ignored
another Supreme Court decision
and removed all federal funds
from this, which led to the Panic
of 1837 and an economic
depression of dropping land
values, investments and bank
failures.
What was the
National Bank?
This idea was defined best by
newspaper editor, John
O’Sullivan, as he declared that
the United States was clearly
destined by God to extend its
boundaries all the way to the
Pacific Ocean; for the South, that
meant slave-based agriculture.
What was
Manifest
Destiny?
This idea came up every time a
state felt its rights or interests
were being challenged by a
federal law. It was an especially
prevalent threat from southern
states when laws were made
about taxes, tariffs, and antislavery, which did not benefit the
South.
What was
Secession?
This 2,000-mile journey, traversed
by 5,000 American settlers in
prairie schooners (covered
wagons) from the Mississippi
River Valley to the Willamette
Valley south of the Columbia
River, forced the question of
ownership of this territory with a
British population of only 700.
What was the
Oregon Trail?
Newly elected Democratic
President James K. Polk ran on
the slogan “Fifty-four Forty or
Fight,” which was a call for
making a United States Oregon
border at the 54.40 parallel.
Britain permanently settled for a
border at the 49th parallel in this
treaty.
What was the
Treaty of 1846?
Receiving a Spanish land
grant for recruiting 300
American families to settle in
Texas, this empresario later
became a proponent and
leader for Texas independence
from the new nation of
Mexico.
Who was
Stephen F.
Austin?
This mission became the starting
point for Texas Independence, as
Texas settlers pushed Mexican
troops out of San Antonio.
General Lopez de Santa Ana
personally led the fight against
the rebels, killing all in the Alamo
including Davy Crockett.
What was the
Alamo?
After claiming dictatorship of
Mexico, this former general
and president personally led
the fight against Texan
Independence, killing every
man at the Alamo and
angering Americans into all
out war.
Who was
General Lopez
de Santa Ana?
During the siege on the
Alamo, this was declared by
Texan leaders, American
settlers and tejanos, as they
drew-up a new constitution at
Washington-on-the-Brazos to
establish the Republic of
Texas.
What was
the Texas
Declaration of
Independence?
Nominated commander in chief
of the Texas forces, this
previous governor of Tennessee
captures General Lopez de
Santa Ana in the Battle of San
Jacinto, forcing Santa Ana to
sign the Treaty of 1836 giving
Texas independence.
Who was
Sam Houston?
Texas became known as this,
after Houston is elected
president of Texas and U.S.
President Andrew Jackson
refuses his request to be annexed
into the United States. Jackson
did not want to upset the
balance of slave and free states.
What was the
Lone Star
Republic?
This Southern Democrat won
the 1844 presidential election on
the wave of growing support for
Manifest Destiny and the call to
annex Texas and the Oregon
Territory. He began by signing
the 1845 annexation bill that
officially made Texas a state.
Who was
James K. Polk?
This disputed border river became
the tool for President Polk to
conquer the California and New
Mexico Territories. Due to
Mexico’s refusal to honor Santa
Ana’s surrender and forfeit of
Texas, a fight was easily provoked
by Polk to get Congress to declare
war on Mexico.
What is the
Nueces River?
After taking Santa Fe without of shot,
General Stephen Watts Kearny
continued across the deserts to this
coastal Mexican state, nicknamed this,
after the bear on the flag of the
Americans who captured Sonoma,
north of San Francisco. Kearny
arrived just in time to quell the last
uprising of Californios in San Diego in
1847.
What is the
Bear Flag
Republic?
After General Winfield Scott
defeated Mexican forces and
took Mexico City, this treaty
gave up all claims to Texas at
the Rio Grande and ceded
California and New Mexico to
the United States. The U.S.
paid $15 million.
What was the
Treaty of
Guadalupe Hidalgo?
In 1853, the United States
finished its mainland territorial
expansion with this $10 million
purchase to build the Southern
Pacific Railroad. The deal with
Santa Ana almost included Baja
California plus a few more
Mexican states for $38 million.
What was the
Gadsden
Purchase?
In 1848, James Marshal found
gold in the South Fork of the
American River in California,
while building a new sawmill
for this land owner. The secret
soon got out, and by the end of
1848 they had taken $6 million
out of the river.
Who was
John Sutter?
This term was given to the
nearly 100,000 gold-hungry
people who came to
California in 1848-1849 from
all over America, Mexico,
South America, Europe,
Australia, and China.
Who were
Forty-niners?
Due to the frenzy of land claims
in California, this law set up a
group of officials to review land
ownership rights, requiring
Californios to prove their claims
to land with official documents.
Those with no proof lost their
land to prospectors.
What was the
Land Law of
1851?
Because boomtowns and the
countryside were generally
lawless with no police, prisons, or
courts, these concerned citizens
formed committees, taking the
law into their own hands to
exercise the power of police,
judge, jury, and sometimes
executioner.
Who were
Vigilantes?
From this California settler couple,
John first made a large fortune after
befriending John Sutter and later
turned to large agriculture endeavors
like Bermuda grass and the casaba
melon. Annie pursued the education
of Native Americans living around
their mansion, as well as women’s
suffrage in California after meeting
Susan B. Anthony.
Who were the
Bidwells?