Transcript S412-Living working in cyber space_OU Hyd_18

Living & Working
in
Cyber Space and Time
By
Dr T.H. Chowdary
* Director, Center for Telecom Management & Studies
* Chairman, Pragna Bharati (Intellect India), AP
* Former Information Technology Adviser, Government of A.P
Chairman & Managing Director
Videsh Sanchar Nigam Ltd., Bombay
T: +91 (40) 6667-1191(O) 2784-3121(R)
F: +91 (40) 6667-1111 (O)
[email protected]
Talk @ OU Staff College, Hyderabad, 18th June 2009
Why IT is being spoken
about?
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IT is significant for just about a decade in India
One million (10 lakhs) jobs in s/w
350,000 for ITES (Call Centers, BPO.....)
World’s businesses making a bee-line to India for
talent & for setting up R & D Centers; even China
• 400,000 Engineers of whom > 100,000 are ICTs
graduating/year
• 70,000 MBAs/year
• 90,00,000 graduates/year
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IT is Ubiquitous
• Sarvatah paanipaadam.....
• Indu Kaladandu ledani sandiamu
valadu......
• New way of doing things with less
physical labour, less cost, in less
time, from anywhere, at anytime.
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IT is Ubiquitous (2)
Ex. e-education; e-commerce
e-banking; e-tendering
e-ballotting; e-design
e-warfare; e-publishing
e-examination; e-governance
e-cops; e-sewa........
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Revolution being brought
about is comparable to:
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The invention of the wheel
The invention of Gunpowder & rifle
Electricity
Atomic bomb & energy
(Communication) satellite....
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Cyber times –
Characteristics (1/4)
# Speed of things happening
# Telecoms, Radio, TV, Satellite,
Fiber optic transmission; Computers,
networking
eg: Airplanes crashing into World
Trade Towers and the Pentagon
# Dematerialisation of documents,
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signatures
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Cyber times Characteristics
# Irrelevance of location,
Regd Office?
Witness?
Who was where, when he spoke,
signed, agreed…..
# Where are they stored? In what
form? Can they be seen, read; can
they be altered. tampered
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GALLOPING KNOWLEDGE
• By the time the child born today graduates
from college, the amount of knowledge will
be four times as great
• By the time he is 50, it will be 32 times as
great
• And 97% of everything known in the world
will have been learnt since that child was
born
• The memorising of reams of facts will not be
necessary; they will be quickly available on
computers. Search engines like Google will
get them for you in a second,
• But future man will need great wisdom if
only to know what is it he wants
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Information Society
• Is one in which upwards of 67% of the work force is
engaged not in agriculture, not in industrial production but
in information/knowledge-based services sector and 2/3rds
of the GDP is in this sector.
• People inform, communicate, trade, bank, learn, teach,
design, consult, advertise, publish, govern, tender ticket,
insure, entertain, medicate, meddle, peddle, war,
work…through dematerialise information (voice, text,
images, graphics, data….) over electronic/photonic transport
systems.
• They communicate for work and commute for pleasure.
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Internet: 8th Wonder (1)
The 8th and the most magnificent Wonder of the World
• Network of networks; Information stored in de-materialised,
electronic/photonic form, converged platform,Info-space
• WWW is not even 12 years old; 100 million hosts
• 750 million users
• 6 billion (600 crore) pages of information
2 billion pages seen every day (5 pages/ Internet sub day)
•500 million E-mail addresses, growing 40% a year
•2bil [200 crore] e-mails/day
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Internet -8th Wonder (2)
Post office, Telephone, Broadcast studio,
Soap Box, Auction House, Sound
Recording, Movie theater, used car
showroom, Insurance Office, Distributor
ware house, studio for fashion designer,
University Class Room…, Political
Campaign, Medical Diagnostics,
Mammoth Library
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GDP from Different
Sectors
Py
Developed
Developing
India
Sy
Ty
(2 to 5)% (20 to 30)% (67-75)%
45%
21%
(15 to 20)% (35 to 40)%
25%
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54%
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Gross World Product:
in $ Trillion
Year
2005
2010
$T
32
40
Share of
Services
Sector
$18
$25
% Traded
30%
40%
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Characteristics of
(Trade in) Services
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Created in one place/country
Consumed anywhere else
Delivered over telecom high-ways
Information/knowledge-intensive
Storage, Processing & Exchange
Knowledge workers
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India’s Pool of Knowledge
Workers
• Graduating 400,000 Engineers/ Year
• Graduating 70,000 MBAs
• Graduating 100,000 IT Professionals
(Engineers, MCAs, BCAs)
• 9.0 mln young people age ( 17 to 22) Y
in Universities; under 6% !
• In D.Cs (15 to 60)% in Universities
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India’s Telecoms
• Liberalised, Govt’s telecoms corporatised
• P-Telcos & competition
• 700,000 Km of Optical fibre cables link all
our towns and cities- over 4000
• Undersea cables owned by Indian Telcos
VSNL, Bharati, Reliance -Info provide
Terabits 10 12 / petabits 10 15 of capacity.
• 24 Geo-stationary Com Sats provide global
connectivity
• 18000 VSATs link up offices/companies
globally
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India’s Telecoms
• Competition brought down bandwidth prices to 10% of what they
were 3 years ago; would go down by
25% this year.
• We are part of the Global
Information Infrastructure talked of
by G-7, since 1999.
• NASCOM/ STPs are servicing over
5,000 IT Cos., supplying software and
ITES to global companies.
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New Ways of Doing Things
on the
Electronic Photonic
Infrastructure
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E-governance
Tele-medicine
E- Commerce
E-Education
E-Advocacy
E-Balloting
E-conferencing (IVPNs;MPLS…)
E-tourism
E-ticketing( air-lines)
E-banking
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I.C.T based Education
• Information (Text, Images, Voice,
Graphics..) dematerialised,
electronified; kept in solid-state
memories (floppies, CDs; Memory
chips) of computers
• Computers coupled to Global telecom
net-works
Web-sites: Internet : Cyber Space
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I.C.T based Education (2)
• Multi-media – Voice, Images, broadcasting; Interactive (audio & video)
• Communicating devices:
Telephones, TV-sets; PCs (desk-top;
lap-top, palm-held; mobile-phones,
(incorporating digital cameras)
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I.C.T based Education (3)
• Connection: Wires in Cables (old
telephony) Optical fibers
• Wireless access (Wi.Fi; Wi.Max..)
• VSAT’s (Communications satellites)
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E- Education Systems
• Radio School of Australia (& Royal Flying
Doctor Service)
• Radio and TV (broad-cast lessons)
Phone-in; audio-interactive
• Bussing education to Homes-Utah (USA)
• University of the Pacific
(Tuvali, Kiribate, Marshall Islands,
Vanuatu,New Caledonia, Solomon
Islands,Nauru, Honiara, Marqueis,
Taumatu, Figi…)
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E- Education Systems (2)
• ERNET: India: All Universities Plus d 100
R&D Institutes
• SONET (A P)
• 250 Engineering Colleges: VSAT/Opt.Fiber
• Electronic Class Room/Studio in
Hyderabad
• MS (IT) Carnegie Mellon ‘Varsity in IIIT,
NITs
• NIIT’s IT education in scores of
countries in French, Chinese, Arabic,
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IT & the Academic Community
• Continuous Learning
• Teaching & Seminar Aid – Power Point
Presentation
• Research, Refering (Google.......)
• Discussion & special Interest Group
• No IT/Computer Eng. Knowledge RequiredOnly operational/working skill (eg: Driver
is not an automobile engineer)
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E-commerce. Trade &
Banking
• India’s National Stock Exchange
– No Trading Ring Required
– Trades from anywhere
– Dematerialised Share Certificates
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E-commerce. Trade &
Banking
• Global Financial Markets
– $1.5 Trillion (Rs.67,00,000 crores) of
foreign exchange traded every day
– A difference of 0.0001 means gain/loss of
Rs.6,700 crores
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E-commerce. Trade &
Banking
• US Super/Hyper Markets Store
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250,000 types of merchandise!
Bar Codes/RFIDs
Inventory instantaneously updated
Supplies/Replenishment computerised, from
which vendor/godown; how much; which
transporter/to which super-market
• Supply Chain Management
Eg: Wall Mart in the USA:
@280 bln (Rs.12,60,000 cr) Sales
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E-commerce. Trade &
Banking
• Banks:
e-payments, e-cash
ATMs; Bank Buildings
Bank Staff; Pass-Books?
Multi-station Cheques/Operation
Instant transfer of money
(Western Union Money Transfers)
Float disappears:
Fraud: About 2.5% of deposits!
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E-commerce. Trade &
Banking
• Air Lines
– Shortest Route/time, Lowest Fare
– No tickets – Check-in Counter – Identity &
PNR
– Baggage – routing - Lost/found & Track &
Trace
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What E-Governance Can
Deliver (1)
• ICT – based MIS
eg: Story of Weaker Section Housing
• Delivery of government services –
One stop – Many Services
• Speed Up Process
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Corruption decreases
Dissatisfaction decreases
Time & fuel economy
Reduced Transaction costs
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What E-Governance Can
Deliver (2)
• Responsiveness & Accountability
– Dial the Chief Minister, Commissioner (Police,
Municipal Corpn), Collector…
• Economy & Effectiveness
– E-Procurement
– e- Cops
– Better planning ( MPHS; GIS; Data Bank;
Oversight, Speedy Correction )
– Video in jails –prisoners not physically brought
to courts – escapes prevented
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What E-Governance Can
Deliver (3)
– Interviews from video- enabled Internet
Kiosks #
e-ways of SIFY (saving time &
money)
– In courts – original documents scanned, stored
on floppy/ CD; document theft avoided
– Land records, titles, encumbrances easily
accessed by farmers (BHOOMI in Karnataka)
– E-Chaupal (ITC procurement & farmer
education; market information); multi-services
– Rural Service Delivery Points ( for e-Seva of
Andhra Pradesh )
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What E-Governance Can
Deliver (4)
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Job search by Internet Browsing
Students write Project Reports
Computer Education in High Schools
All teachers to become computer
literature
– STD/ISD PTs upgrade to Internet
Kiosks –
e-mail in Indian Languages
– Public libraries computerised more
titles, subscription to foreign
“electronic” form journals
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Major EG Projects in Andhra Pradesh:
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MPHS ..
Building the citizen’s & land data base
CARD ..
Registration of legal & sale deeds
FHIMS ..
IT in Primary Health Sector
FAST..
Transport services through IT
Compact..
Streamlining commercial taxes
e-COPS ..
IT in Police
SmartGov.. Knowledge-led governance (Secretariat)
e-Procurement..
eSeva ..
Redefining citizen services
APOnline .. Convergence of info, forms & services
Kiosks ..
Network of internet kiosks in villages
OLTP ..
Online Transaction Processing
Treasury..
Receipts& Payments
(there are over 50 other e-governance projects)
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Some Spectacular
Outcomes (3)
 E-Procurement
• Award time reduced from 150 to 20 days
• On 52 e-tenders (Rs. 3.5 bln), 23% saving
• 1500 e-tenders in progress (Rs. 16.4 bln) in
2003-04
• Procurement would cross Rs. 15,000 cr in
2004-05
• 0.24% of tender value as commission
(reduced to 0.05% in 2005)
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Some Spectacular Outcomes
(3)
 E-Seva in Andhra Pradesh
• Multiple services offered at each counter
• Utility / Tax Payments
– Electricity, Water, Property Tax, Telephone bills
– Filing Sales Tax and Income Tax Returns
• Certificates
– Birth / death certificates
– Encumbrance certificates for property
• Passport and Licenses
– Filing applications for passports
– Municipal trade licenses, Learner’s License, Vehicle registration …
• Bus tickets … train tickets, airline tickets, travel bookings
• Rail Reservations
• E-Payments on internet ( www.esevaonline.com)
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Some Spectacular
Outcomes (3)
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E-Seva in Andhra Pradesh
One-stop-Shop for G2C services
31 service centres, 6 bank branches, 81 ATMs (in Hyderabad)
Volume of Transactions increasing
0.8 mil in April 2001
8.5 mil since Aug 03; 12 mln, Dec ‘04
46 services across any of 290 counters
Extending to all urban areas by Dec 03
232 more eSeva Centres in 116 cities & towns &
2500 villages by March 2004
5000 villages by Dec 2004
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Some Spectacular Outcomes
(4)
 CARD
• In-house execution of the Project
• More than 240 registration offices
• Old documents scanned and indexed
• 20 year title search in less than 15 mnts.
• Certified copies of registration deeds
• Encumbrance certificates
• Valuation slips for properties
• Registration deeds like sale, mortgage,
lease& gift
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APNET
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Use of satellite technology for distance education
Training of Govt employees & SHGs
Pilot Project operational for 2 years
Expansion at advanced stage
Earth Station operational since 4/02
Studio complex to be operational since late 2003
Content development – current focus area
2000 remotes operational
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E-Communication with
People
• Video-conferencing
• Face to face with Chief Minister
• Transportable VSATs and
Discussion with Village Assemblies
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Indian Software Industry Exports
( $ mln )
38 bln
21,000
16,000
3,900
2,700
1,124 1,755
5,700
8,000
10,000
12,000
1995- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 2000- 2001- 2002- 2003- 2004- 2008
96
97
98
99 2000 01
02
03
04
05
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Employment in Indian IT
sector*,’000
Call-centers (ITES)
Software
Multinational operations
2500
20 mln
2000
2.5 mln
1500
1000
500
0
2000
'01
'02
'03+
'04+
(* Years ending March; + Estimate
@ break-up: NA)
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'06+
2008
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India's IT & S/W
• Exports 75%
• Domestic consumption 25%
• Out markets : USA i/c Canada - 65%
• E.U - 20%
• ROW ( Gulf,Brazil, SA, Australia, Japan)
- 15%
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A.P’s Software and ITES
Exports
• In 2004-2005 Exports surged by 64.5%
Year
2005
2004 1996
Volume (in Rs. Cr. )
8,270 5,025
65
of Exports
Visakhapatnam Units 37; Exports Rs. 70cr
Vijayawada
Units 13; Exports Rs. 24 Cr
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New Software Companies in A.P:
Start-ups
Year
152*
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2005
119
2004
63 of the 152 have foreign equity
Equity in the 152 IT Cos. Is Rs. 744cr.
New employees- 50,000
Capital/ employed: Rs. 150,000 only !
IT & ITES employees in A P 127,000
Export earning / Employee: Rs. 750,000
Earning/ Capital Ratio 5.0
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Knowledge Intensity (A
P)
Service
S/w &
Tech
ITES&
Appln.
S/w
Share of
Exports
43%
BPO 36%
18%
B.Sc,
B.Com,
B.A
MCA
Proficienc B.Tech &
y
Above
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•Target Towns: Tirupati, Warangal, Kakinada,
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India’s Potential for ICT Jobs
GROSS WORLD PRODUCT
IN THE YEAR 2010
US $ 40 T
CONTRIBUTION FROM
SERVICES (60%) OF GWP
US $ 24 T
INDIA'S SHARE @ 10%
US $ 2.4 T
EMOLUMENTS COMPONENT
(15% TO 50%)
US $ 360 TO US $ 1200 b
EMOLUMENTS/EMPLOYEE/YEAR US $ 5000
NO OF JOBS (360/1200) b = 72 to 240 million
5K
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THANK YOU:
DHANYAWAD
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