Transcript Theory of Architecture 2

Theory of Architecture 2
Assignment #1
Santiago Calatrava
By: Husain Mubarak
ID: 20002488
Who is Calatrava ? 1/2
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1951, 28 July: Santiago
Calatrava Valls, born in
Benimamet near Valencia, Spain.
1968-1969: Attends Art School in
Valencia
1969-1974: Studies architecture at
the "Escuela Tecnica Superior de
Arquitectura de Valencia"
qualifying as an architect Postgraduate Course in Urbanism.
1975-1979: Studies Civil
Engineering at the Swiss Federal
Institute of Technology ETH
Zurich
Who is Calatrava ? 2/2
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1979-1981: Doctorate in Technical Science of the Department of
Architecture ETH Zurich Ph. D. Dissertation on the foldability of
Spaceframes Assistant at the Institute for Building Statics and
Construction and for the Institute Aerodynamics and Lightweight
Construction at the ETH, Zurich .
1981: Architectural and engineering practice established in Zurich.
Made many exibitions all over the world.
Member of many Acadimies.
Got many prizes and awards as:
- European Glulam Award, (Glued laminated Timber Construction), Munich in 1991
- Brunel Award, for Stadelhofen Railway Station, Zurich in 1992
- Honor Parize, for Urban Arquitectonic Merit, Pedreguer in 1993
Calatrava's Design Approach 1/2
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He borrows Le Corbusier’s expression.
He believes that geometry is fundamental to understand
architecture, and he approachs his work through geometry.
Materials and the way they are processed, are extremely
important for design. He says " Concrete, although an inexpensive
material, when dealt with imaginatively can make beautiful buildings. It is,
however, a difficult material and requires a great deal of expertise“
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Guided by the saying "nature is both, mother and teacher“.
This saying has guided all my work. He says " there are many lessons
one can draw from nature, real guiding rules and metaphors from observing
plants and animals”.
Calatrava's Design Approach 2/2
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He has build a tree-like structures
and frequently his designs recall
the form of skeletons. Behind this
is the principle of repetition.
Nature also is the guiding principle
for his sculptures. The
configuration of most of these
works is, derived from the human
body.
He recognizes the dynamic aspect
of the landcape. He says :” A
landscape should never be seen as
static. Something dynamic is always
happening. “
Some of Calatrava’s work
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1.Turning Torso
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# in Sweden, 1999-
# started out as a sculpture,
shaped by revelation from the
human form into a turning
movement.
# This sculpture has now
evolved to this exciting
house.
Some of Calatrava’s work
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Turning Torso
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The height of the Turning Torso
building will be approximately
190 metres. The building will
contain 54 floors, divided into 9
cubical units. The floors will be
of different sizes and the
residence space will increase
towards the top of the
construction, as the size of the
house core decreases, while the
exterior remains the same size.
The average floor will be 400
square metres.
Some of Calatrava’s work
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2.Oriente
Station 1/2
Lisbon
Portugal
It came from a large forest of metal
trees, like a row of cut-out muscle men,
rise on a pedestal to cover the space of
the station.
The station is made out of three selfcontained parts and is divided into two
levels. The raised level holds the
platforms for the national train
network; the lower level connects to the
underground and emerges
Some of Calatrava’s work
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Oriente Station
2/2
The structural elements are painted
white and the nerves of these socalled palms spread out to hold a
folding glass roof where geometry
and organic shapes find a synthesis in
abstraction.
The main material is concrete, the
bridge parapets are made of glass.
The Bus station is rather
straightforward in the structural sense,
but no less expressive.
Some of Calatrava’s work
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3.Lyon-Satolas TGV
Station
Lyon, France.
The TGV Station at the Lyon-Satolas
airport, France has the tension of a
bird about to take-off.
The almost forty meter tall steel and
concrete structure refers to the
metaphor of a enormous bird with
spread out wings
Some of Calatrava’s work
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4.Montjuïc
Telecommunications Tower
Barcelona
Spain
Built in the heart of the 1992 Olympic
site, to carry coverage of the Games.
The tower is innovative in enclosing
the circular platform of microwave
dishes.
The overall form of the tower is based
on a Calatrava sketch of a kneeling
figure making an offering. The
orientation of the tower means that the
shadow of the central needle on the
circular platform acts as a sundial.
Some of Calatrava’s work
5.City of Science
Museum of Science
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Valencia, Spain
The latticework of the south
facade adopts the figure of a
large bone structure,
reminiscent of the gigantic
remains of the last dinosaurs.
concrete structure, aluminium
clad on south-facing side;
glazed on north-facing side
Length 241 m, width 104 m
Some of Calatrava’s work
6.City of Science
Planetarium
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Valencia, Spain
resembles an eye, has metal
sides that can be lowered to
suggest eyelids
The globe is cradled like the
pupil of an eye in a concrete
socket, which is sheltered by
the laminated glass pod.