Transcript Future challenges and research gaps: the example of urban areas

Future challenges and research gaps
Example of urban areas
Alternative water resources
Céline Hervé-Bazin
WssTP
What is the WssTP?
The Water supply and sanitation Technology Platform,
the WssTP, is a European collaboration between
Industry, Research groups, Policy makers and Water
users.
We are a European Technology Platform initiated in 2004
(Lisbon Agenda)
We worked as a NGO since 2007. It gave a legal
structure to our network.
51 members,
142 contributing organisation,
450 persons…
from 28 countries
Main scientific contribution...
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Vision document in 2005.
Strategic Research Agenda in 2006, update in
progress.
Implementation document in 2007.
Five Reports in 2008, scientific publication in 2009:
• Managing rain events and flooding in urban areas
• Asset Management for sustainable urban water
• Supply Demand Balance & Public Participation
• Alternative water resources
• Sustainable Sludge Management in Urban Areas
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Six new reports planned for 2009:
• Managed Aquifer Recharge
• Climate Change
• Costal Zones
• Sensors & Monitoring
• Irrigation
• Water reuse
4 Global challenges
1/ Increasing water stress and water costs
Quality and quantity issue
2/ Increasing urbanisation
Maintain water infrastructures & manage
water demand
3/ Extreme climatic events
Flood; drought; scarcity
4/ Many rural and under-developed areas
Easy, reliable and affordable technologies
How to link global challenges
with network activities and our mission
to deliver vision and recommendations?
Pilot programmes
Organised in 6 pilot programmes on challenging topics:
1.
Mitigation of water stress in coastal zones
2.
Urban areas
3.
Sustainable management of agriculture
4.
Sustainable use of water in industry
5.
Reclamation of degraded zones
6.
Hydro climatic event
How does it work?
Sustainable water management inside and around large
urban areas
Increasing urbanisation:
More than 50% of the population will live in urban
areas. & Different issues related to size.
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Flood and Rainfall management  PREPARED
2.
Asset Management
3.
Balancing water demand with environment includes alternative water resources
4.
Sludge, waste water and energy
5.
Water treatment
6.
Sensors
7.
Pollution control
Led by M. Farrimond, UKWIR
Example
Sub-Group: Alternative water resources
Other resources than the traditional underground and
surface water
Water scarcity: a global issue
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Demography
• today 6.7 billions people, about 10 billions 2050
• Urbanisation (50% now, 80% in 2030)
• Spacial and temporal pressure (coastal cities, tourism)
Wealth increase
• Agriculture: 70% water requirement
• Industrialisation: 24% water requirement
• Energy: >50% water abstraction for energy (F, B, DE, etc)
• MGD: Reduce by half non-access to potable water by 2015
Climate change
• More extreme events
• Regions with less precipitation
World water needs
• By 2025: 200 km3 storage capacity required
• By 2050: 3 billions people suffering from water scarcity
Water scarcity and drought in Europe
February 2008: EU Report ‘Water Scarcity and Drought’
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Water stress: affect 130 millions inhabitants
(30% of population in Europe)
• Southern Europe
• Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, UK
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Increased droughts in past 30 years, impacting 100 millions inhabitants
(20%) in 4 events since 1989
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Over past 30 years: €100 billion cost to EU economy
(€8.7 billion in 2003)
March 2008: EU Report ‘Climate change & international security’
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Wikipedia: “Water scarcity” redirected to “Water politics and water
related conflicts”
March 2009: EEA Report ‘Water resources across Europe — confronting water
scarcity and drought’
Responses to water scarcity
Water scarcity
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disparity between supply and demand
increasing competition on resources
Demand management (increase productivity)
 Advanced irrigation methods
 Water saving device
 Reduce non revenue water
 Public education, incentives
Allocation (phase out uses) … equity?
 Agriculture
 Industry
 Domestic
 Ecosystems and biodiversity
Supply management (alternative water resources)
Options for alternative water sources
Alternative water resource
Solution
Saline water
Desalination
Seawater, brackish / shallow groundwater
Reclaimed water
Water reuse
Municipal, industrial, domestic recylcing
Non potable purposes, eco. enhancement
Direct (?) / indirect potable use
Rainwater
Rainwater harvesting
Roof, urban run-off, land run-off, atmospheric
water harvesting
Groundwater
Managed Aquifer Recharge
Water storage and recovery, ASR, bank
filtration, infiltration, wetlands, …
Water transportation
Transbondary allocation
Direct Costs of Water Supply / Demand Options
Marsden Jacobs Assocc. For Dept. PM&C, Sydney, Adelaïde, Perth, Newcastle
Scope of Work
5 Topics identified for working group
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Desalination
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Water reuse
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Rain water harvesting
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Managed Aquifer Recharge
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Cross-topic issues
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R&D on alternative water resources to provide tools for addressing
urban Water Scarcity in Europe from the supply side in
complementarity to efforts done on demand side
In water-stress areas, more efforts will be devoted to looking for nonconventional resources.
Public health, consumer requirements and environmental issues will be
the main issues to solve
Development in accordance with the uses and the regulations.
Main recommendations
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Social, economical and environmental impacts and
benefits of water demand and supply management
options at catchment scale
Adaptation of design and mix of supplies to global
changes in large conurbation areas
Socio-economic and regulatory framework for
rainwater harvesting and management (RWHM)
Development of Eco-Roof Technologies for future
sustainable buildings
Market survey ‘EU wide saline water resources’
Vision Desalination 2030 -1 kWh/m3
Minimization of environmental impacts of brackish
and seawater desalination facilities
Recycling of municipal effluents for municipal and
industrial purposes with adapted hybrid technologies
Find out our recommendations on urban areas
Thank for your attention!
www.wsstp.eu