Transcript curriculum in natural environmental science, vol. 2, 2010

Establishing new wetland protected
areas in Fizes catchment, Romania
Radu Mihaiescu and Tania Mihaiescu
Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University “Babes-Bolyai”,
Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Map of Romania
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Relief map of Fizes watershed
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Geological map of Fizes watershed
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Precipitations map of Fizes Mic watershed
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Fizes Valley in upper catchment
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Catina Lake with wetland vegetation
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Geaca Lake – Hydrophilic vegetation
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Tau Popii Lake
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General view of Stiucii Lake and its catchment
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Sic reed bed
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Legiilor Valley
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Land-use in Fizeş Watershed
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Diffuse pollution sources in Fizes watershed
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Diffuse pollution sources in Fizes watershed
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Fizeş Watershed diffuses pollution
assessment using WENNERBLOM model
INPUT PARAMETRS
• watershed area - 562 km2;
• annual runoff average - 1,20 •
•
m3/s;
• runoff - 68 mm/an;
• forest land area -103 km2;
• arable and pasture land area - •
442 km2;
• mire/wetlands - 3 km2;
•
2
• lakes - 4 km ;
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rural settlements - 10 km2;
animal units (12619 equivalent
cows from which 9000 dairy
cows);
19745 inhabitants with
individual sewer system (with
20% using dry toilets);
industrial pollution sources – 2
(S.C. NAPOLACT S.A. - Ţaga
Section and SNGN ROMGAZ
MEDIAŞ- Ţaga section).
curriculum in natural environmental science, vol. 2, 2010
The main classes of analysed measures
Measures targeted on the reduction of individual pollution
sources: building up sewage and drinking water facilities,
waste water treatment plans both for human
agglomerations and industrial enterprises, septic tanks.
Measures for conservation and restoration of ecosystem:
rehabilitation of natural wetlands; creation of buffer zones
and natural corridors
Measures for controlling diffuse pollution: on the main
river course and banks (rehabilitation of longitudinal and
lateral connectivity of the river, rehabilitation of natural
riparian vegetation); for the flood plain (rehabilitation of
wetlands, specific agricultural practices); for the hillside
(implementing the Code for Good Agricultural Practices,
building up some grass and heath strips, usage of specific
local crops in order to prevent erosion); for the watershed
(rehabilitation and restoration of natural vegetation,
especially forest vegetation)
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Provisions of goods and services by aquatic
ecosystems and the role of management
interface in these interactions
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Project measures
• building of small dimension dams (at least 14), for
partially blocking selected waterway in order to create a
total area of 250 ha of ponds and wetlands, and
reforesting a surface of 430 ha.
• local flora species (shrubs and trees) will be planted on
the vicinity of roads and waterway in order to establish
green corridors, with a total surface of aprox. 500 ha.
• the whole area (more than 40000 ha) will be transformed
in a functional network of green corridors, thus creating a
perfect space for migratory species.
• The Fizes river corridor will connect two of the most
important watersheds in Romania, Somes and Mures,
facilitating bird migration between these two areas.
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Expected results
• a significant improvement of water
quality.
• the tourism development  development
of the whole area.
• touristic activity  jobs for at least 300
inhabitants in the area.
• small private ponds and agro-touristic
pensions.
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Conclusions
• Wetland restoration and creation proposals must be viewed with
great care.
• Clear, site-specific measurable goals should be established.
• Wetlands should, in general, be designed to be self-sustaining
systems and persistent features of the landscapes.
• Wetland design should consider relationship of the wetland to
the watershed, water sources, other wetlands in the watershed,
and adjacent upland and deepwater habitat.
• Increasing public awareness towards environmental problems
and benefits of eco-friendly agriculture and ecosystem services
can prove to be a good example and count more in the balance of
benefits and losses.
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curriculum in natural environmental science, vol. 2, 2010