Transcript The MAIN Causes of WWI

The M.A.I.N. Causes of WWI
M.ilitarism
A.lliances
I.mperialism
N.ationalism
Click on one of the four M.A.I.N. causes to begin
The M.A.I.N. Causes of WWI
M.ilitarism
A.lliances
I.mperialism
N.ationalism
Citations
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What is Militarism?
mil·i·ta·rism
-noun
1 : control or rule by a military class
2 : extreme admiration and praise of military virtues and
ideals
3 : a policy of aggressive military readiness
-Click on the pictures to learn about some of the
innovations that came out of aggressive military policy
The Machine Gun
• The 1914 machine gun, usually positioned on a
flat tripod, would require a gun crew of four to six
operators. In theory they could fire 400-600
small-caliber rounds per minute, a figure that
was to more than double by the war's end, with
rounds fed via a fabric belt or a metal strip.
When established in fixed strongpoints sited specifically to cover
potential enemy attack routes, the
machine gun proved a fearsome
defensive weapon. Enemy infantry
assaults upon such positions
invariably proved highly costly.
Casualties From Gas - The Numbers
Total Casualties
Death
Austria-Hungary
100,000
3,000
British Empire
188,706
8,109
France
190,000
8,000
Germany
200,000
9,000
Italy
60,000
4,627
Russia
419,340
56,000
USA
72,807
1,462
Others
10,000
1,000
Country
Data: http://firstworldwar.com/weaponry/gas.htm
Poison Gas Attacks
Considered uncivilized
prior to World War One, the
development and use of
poison gas was
necessitated by the
ne, the development and use of poison gas was necessitated by the requirement of wartime
requirement of wartime
armies to find new ways of
overcoming the stalemate
of unexpected trench
warfare. Led to the
development of the Gas
Mask.
What is a stalemate?
stale-mate
—n.
1. any position or situation in which no
action can be taken or progress made;
deadlock: Talks between union and
management resulted in a stalemate.
Tanks
During World War I (1914-1918)
the British invented and
implemented the first working
tank.
The name tank came when the
British shipped them to battle's
in crates marked "tanks" trying
to cover up what they really
were. The first battle in which
tanks were implemented was
the Battle of the Somme, on
September 15, 1916, when the
British used 49 tanks with
disappointing results. Little
more than a year later,
however, in November 1917,
400 British tanks penetrated
German lines near Cambrai,
capturing 8000 of the enemy
and 100 guns.
www.geocities.com/Pentagon/Bunker/3017/tanks.html
Airplanes
In the first few months of the war, combat between airplanes was unknown. They
were used primarily for observation, but some far-sighted aviators could envision
using them for bombing. Some planes had machine guns mounted in the
observer's seat, but they typically fired rearward or to the side. Finally, French pilot
Roland Garros, bolted steel deflectors to his propeller, which permitted him to fire a
machine gun straight ahead finally making it an offensive weapon. Thus, the
Dogfight was born.
Manfred von Richthofen
Manfred von Richthofen was the most famous dogfighting ace of
WWI. Also known as the Red Baron, he was one of those heroes
whose life seems almost scripted. Discipline, pride, hunting skills,
and a Teutonic patriotism all combined in Richthofen, bringing him
to the pinnacle of fame which long outlasted the man himself.
"Curse you, Red Baron," cried Snoopy, the canine ace of Charles
Schultz' Peanuts comic strip. But Richthofen was no caricature,
methodically claiming 80 aerial victories, before falling himself, the
victim of a epic fight. No one is sure who shot down the Red Baron
officially though there is speculation.
are Alliances?
TheWhat
two groups
below represent
The Allies of World War I are
The Central Powers were the states of
thereferred
mainto as
European
alliances
that The Ottoman
sometimes also
the
Germany,
Austria-Hungary,
al·li·ance
Entente Powers or The Triple Entente
Empire, and Bulgaria, which fought
existed
in
1914
before
World
(entente
being
French
for
"agreement").
against
the
Allies during World War One.
-N
The main allies were France,
War
theOne began.
Italy left after the Allies promised them
Russian Empire,
the
British Empire.
land.
They were called
1.andAWhen
union
between
nations
for the Central
WWI
started,
the
two
Italy and the United States entered later.
Powers because they all were located
assistance
protection*
France, Russia and
Britain
entered and
between
the Russian Empire in the east
alliances
changed.
World War I in 1914, as a result of their
triple alliance. Many other countries later
joined the Allied side in the war.
*The
Triple Powers
Entente
The Allied
Great Britain
United States
France
Russia
VS.
and France and the UK in the west.
*The
The Triple
Central
Alliance
Powers
Germany Bulgaria
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman
ItalyEmpire
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Use the key to identify the Allies and the Central Powers.
How do you think alliances contributed to a war involving so many countries?
What is Imperialism?
im·pe·ri·al·ism
-noun
1. The actions by which one nation is able to
control other usually smaller and/or weaker
nations.
-Click next arrow when ready
-European countries that aggressively took over foreign territory for the acquisition
of raw materials and markets were known as imperialistic countries. The extension
of European control over countries like Africa and Asia added a further dimension
to the rivalry and mutual suspicion which characterized international diplomacy in
the decades preceding World War I.
-Click next arrow when ready
G. Britain
France
Germany
U.S.A.
Italy
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-Take a closer look at Africa. African colonies gave countries like Great Britain and
Belgium valuable raw materials and markets to sell their goods. Why might the
“scramble” to claim Africa cause tension between countries? How do you think the
Africans felt about the Europeans presence?
What is Nationalism?
na·tion·al·ism
-noun
1. Loyalty and devotion to a nation especially
as expressed in a glorifying of one nation
above all others and a stressing of the
promotion of its culture and interests
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Nationalism can be a tricky thing to explain because it is often just a feeling that a
person has towards his or her country. One way for you to understand nationalism
and the effects it can have on decision making is by viewing the following slide
show. While you are watching it, think about how some of the images make you feel
and what kind of responses you think about.
-Click on the flag to begin
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-Take a moment to answer these questions on
your own.
What do think these images mean to
the people of the United States?
How did they make you feel in general
and about the U.S.A.?
Lastly, how do you think this exercise
relates to nationalism?
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Citations
• http://www.6767.com/archives/gz1.jpg
• http://danpritchard.com/images/blog/2006-06-16bush_bush_impression.jpg
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lTjSlbg6OA4
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
• http://www.3dflags.com/html/en/icon/classic/u/usa_2faw
m.html
• http://www.wordcentral.com/
• http://martialartslive.stores.yahoo.net/fatabaofww1a.html
• http://www.acepilots.com/wwi/ger_richthofen.html