Transcript - Tools for Managing Quality in Community

Communities for Child Wellbeing: Tools
for Child Focussed Programme Design
Facilitator Training Module 2
Visit 2
These slides are to be used in conjunction with Visit 2
Facilitator Training: Lesson Plans
World Vision Lao PDR
Gisela Ervin-Ward and Daniel Matter
Illustrations: Souliya Poumivong
Photos and Video: Daniel Matter, Gisela Ervin-Ward and WV
Lao PDR Staff
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.1
Slide 1
Sources, References and
Acknowledgements
The PLA Tools and Lesson Plans featured in this document are based on the decades of field experience of thousands
of development workers and on newly developed material. In addition the core ideas learned from these varied
practitioners have been thoroughly tested and refined for the communities with whom World Vision Laos works. As
a result, there are no direct references for these tools, but the authors wish to acknowledge the work that has come
before them in developing these tools and materials.
The content of this PLA process has been developed, tested and documented by Gisela Ervin-Ward and Daniel Matter.
Technical input was provided by Seamus Anderson, Pieter-Jan Bouw, Emma Townsend-Gault and Elizabeth
Peterson. Field testing and subsequent feedback was considerably enhanced by the Design, Monitoring and
Evaluation and ADP Staff of Luang Prabang and Savannakhet Provinces of World Vision Laos. Their patience with
the difficulties of an iterative process is very much appreciated. Particular thanks goes to Kongchay Vixathep,
Manichanh Phongsavatdy, Latthaya Kho and Houmpanh Soulivongxay.
The development of this process was supported both financially and technically by World Vision’s Children in Ministry
Department (particularly Paul Stephenson), World Vision UK and World Vision US. Regional field expertise was
provided by World Vision Cambodia and World Vision Vietnam. An international technical advisory group met
regularly to support the process, and particular thanks must go to the following people:
Sovithyea Chea, Deng Xiong Chounu, Marion Cowell, Prasanna DeSilva, Bill Forbes, Nigel Goddard, Vatsana Inthavong,
Samson Jeyakumar, Greg Kearnes, Kerry Anne McKenzie, Vithanya Noonan, Micael Olsson, Sirisouk
Phanthavongs, Brett Pierce, Loretta Rose, Siddhartha Sahu, Viphakorn Sipadith, Roger Steele, Paul Stephenson.
Technical advice and support was provided by Judith Ennew from Knowing Children that assisted in the difficult task of
making this process child focussed with an emphasis on improving the wellbeing of children.
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.1
Slide 2
GAME: “What is it?”
Acting
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Choose Judges
Choose Teams
Choose ‘Actors’ and ‘Guessers’
‘Drawer’ draws word on card WITHOUT talking
‘Guessers’ try to guess the word
First team to guess correctly wins a point
Team with most points at end of training WINS!
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.1
Slide 3
Questions
• How is this game relevant to your experience
with the community?
• What can we learn from playing this game?
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.1
Slide 4
What are we going to do in the
community?
• Conduct Visit 2 to identify important things about
people’s lives so that there is information for the
Village Action Planning session in Visit 3
• Collect information to produce Area Development
Programme (ADP) Assessment and Design
document
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.1
Slide 5
What are we going to do in this
training?
• Learn how to conduct
the PLA tools for Visit 2
• Prepare for fieldwork
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.1
Slide 6
What’s First?
• What is this training for?
– To learn how to use the
Tools for Visit 3 and to
prepare for the Visit
• Training timetable
• Setting group norms
• Participants’ experiences
and expectations
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
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Module 2.1;
2.2; 2.3
Slide 7
Review of Visit 1: River of Life
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
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Module 2.4
Slide 8
Facilitation Practice Report Card
• Ask questions and listen
actively
• Moderate the group
discussion
• Contribute technical
knowledge
• Convey empathy
• General constructive
comments
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.5
Slide 9
Visit 2: Mapping Exercises
• Purpose:
– The mandate of World
Vision is explained
– Relationship building with
the community begins
– People talk about the current
situation and what their
dreams/goals are
– Information collection is
completed for the
Assessment Report (if
applicable)
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.6
Slide 10
Tool 9: Message 1
• Purpose:
– To introduce ourselves to the village leaders
– To explain and explore what we mean by development
– To start awareness raising about development (not to
collect data)
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.7
Slide 11
Who should participate: checking
the sample
• Who should be in the
sample?
• Why is it important
that these people
attend?
• What would happen if
the sample kept
changing?
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.7
Slide 12
How do we do Tool 9?
• This is exactly the same as Tool 1 except it is
done with the participants
• Check the Sample
• Explain the purpose of the tool
• Introduce every team member
• Use the notes on cards as a guide – don’t read
directly
• Conduct focus group discussion as per notes
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.7
Slide 13
Example of Tool 9
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.7
Slide 14
Reporting Tool 9
• Fill in Cumulative
Livelihoods Analysis
Template
• Fill in Reporting Template
• Take photos
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.7
Slide 15
Tool 10: Village Orientation Walk
• Purpose
– Relationship
building
– Village orientation
– Identification of
important places for
children
– Preparation for map
drawing
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.8
Slide 16
How do we do Tool 10 with Adults?
• Ask people to show you
places important to them
• Ask WHY questions
including Key Questions
• Focus on people more
than things
• Focus on things important
to children
• Record what people say
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.8
Slide 17
Example of Tool 10 with Adults
Walking
Empty Dam
New Latrine
Sacred sites
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
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Module 2.8
Slide 18
How do we do Tool 10 with Children?
• Give 2 or 3 small groups
of children a digital
camera
• Ask them to take 10
photos of the best
places in the village
• Show pictures on
computer
• Ask children to tell you
about them (Key
Questions)
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.8
Slide 19
2
3
4
5
4
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.8
Slide 20
Step 6: Examples of Photos and
Explanations
“The borehole makes cooking, washing and gardening much easier. Before we had to carry
water from the stream. We had to go to our gardens nearby the stream. Now we can have our
gardens close to the house.”
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.8
Slide 21
Step 6: Examples of Photos and
Explanations
“We use this loom to produce clothes and bedclothes. Our parents sell these products to buy
food, motorbikes and education materials.”
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.8
Slide 22
Step 6: Examples of Photos and
Explanations
“The playground is a place where we can enjoy ourselves. It brings happiness to our hearts.
Thanks to this playground we have a better health. Playing prevents us from abusing drugs. Last
year we formed a rattan ball team to play in a competition in the district.”
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.8
Slide 23
Reporting Tool 10
• No written output so record of discussion very
important
• Include copies of pictures with explanations like
in above slides
• If you asked the Key Questions you will have all
the ‘answers’ for the reporting
• Don’t leave any box blank – if there is no answer,
explain why
• Complete Reporting Template including
Cumulative Analysis
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.8
Slide 24
Tool 11: Village Social and Resource
Map with Dream Map
• Purpose:
–
–
–
–
Relationship building
To get general background information
To provide a focal point for future discussions
To raise awareness about existing resources and to
encourage people to think about how the physical
aspects of the village impact children
– To encourage people to start ‘dreaming’ about how life
could be
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.9
Slide 25
How do we do Tool 11?
• Place paper somewhere everyone can see and
reach
• Draw a map of important landmarks, spaces and
resources
• Use examples as a prompt
• Discuss things as they are drawn using the Key
Questions
• Take note of the discussion
• Encourage everyone to draw
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.9
Slide 26
Example Tool 11 – Village Resource
Map
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.9
Slide 27
Example Tool 11 – Village Resource
Map with Dream Map Cards added
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.9
Slide 28
What are some important facilitation
skills required for Tool 11?
• Encouraging everyone to
draw
• Encouraging everyone to
talk
• Asking questions to
prompt (without telling
what to draw)
• Asking WHY? Questions
• Taking good notes
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.9
Slide 29
Reporting Tool 11
• Complete Reporting Template
• Complete Livelihoods Framework Cumulative
Analysis
• Make sure an interpretation of the map is
included
• Make sure a clear picture of the map is included
• Make sure notes from discussion are included
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.9
Slide 30
Remember: interpretation starts in
the field!
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.9
Slide 31
Tool 12: Case Studies of Vulnerable
Families
• Purpose:
– To get a detailed
account of the lives of
vulnerable people
– To directly involve
vulnerable people who
may not be able to
participate otherwise
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
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Module 2.10
Slide 32
How do we do Tool 12?
• Choose 1 – 3 vulnerable families as identified in
Tool 5 Vulnerability Ranking
• Explain what will happen in a private place
• Ask the Key Questions
• Encourage participants to tell stories rather than
just answering questions
• Keep conversation positive
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
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Module 2.10
Slide 33
Example of Tool 12
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.10
Slide 34
What are some important facilitation
skills for Tool 12?
•
•
•
•
Being friendly
Conducting tool in a private place
Listening well and taking good notes
Choosing a time that is important for the
participants
• Asking lots of WHY questions to get the ‘bigger
picture’
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.10
Slide 35
Reporting Tool 12
•
•
•
•
Include survey answers in report
Complete reporting template
Complete cumulative analysis
Photographs are only necessary if you are using
them to illustrate some of the things people
talked about
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.10
Slide 36
Tool 13: Observations from
Overnight Stay
• Purpose:
– To deepen and
consolidate
relationships with
participants
– To supplement PLA
findings with
observation and
informal conversations
– To triangulate PLA
data
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.11
Slide 37
How do we do Tool 13
• Engage in informal conversations during the
evening
• Make a particular effort to talk to children
• Keep your interactions casual and polite
• Keep the Key Questions in mind, but don’t ask
them directly from the guidelines
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
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Module 2.11
Slide 38
Example of Tool 13
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.11
Slide 39
What are some important facilitation
skills for Tool 13?
• Being friendly – don’t make people feel as
though they are still working
• Listening well and taking good notes but being
casual about it
• Asking lots of WHY questions to get the bigger
picture
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.11
Slide 40
Reporting Tool 13
• One reporting template should be completed for each
significant interaction
• If you ask the Key Questions you will be able to fill in the
reporting template
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.11
Slide 41
Tool 14: Visit 2 Completion Checklist
• Purpose:
– To make sure the purpose of the Visit has been achieved
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.12
Slide 42
How do we do Tool 14?
• Gather the PLA team together (not community
members)
• Discuss and fill in the checklist
• Discuss the Key Questions
• Complete any incomplete checklist items
• ADP Coordinator to sign checklist and attach to
reports
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
World Vision Lao PDR Copyright © 2009
Module 2.12
Slide 43
Reporting Tool 14
• Tool 14 does not have a reporting template
• Include the completed form with the reports
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
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Module 2.12
Slide 44
Reporting Day
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
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Module 2.13
Slide 45
Planning for Fieldwork
•
•
•
•
What do you need? (See Guidelines)
What do you need to get it?
Whose job is it to organise these things?
Who will facilitate each activity?
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
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Module 2.14
Slide 46
Daily Feedback
COMMUNITIES FOR CHILD WELLBEING: TOOLS FOR CHILD FOCUSSED PROGRAMME DESIGN VISIT 2
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Module 2.15
Slide 47