Transcript Presentation - India Geospatial Forum

14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications
Estimation of Power Generation Potential of Bright RoofAreas and Photovoltaic Sizing in Hyderabad City using
Geospatial technology
by
Sainu Franco, V.R.Mandla and Nikhil.P.G
School of Mechanical and Building Sciences (SMBS),
VIT University,Vellore,TamilNadu, India.
Introduction
The harbinger of economic growth and
industrial development of any country is
power generation.
 This causes GHG emissions and depletion
of fossil fuels .
 Solar electricity has the potential to offset
these negative impacts.

14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications
Objective




The calculation of roof area suitable for solar
applications is done by analyzing available geospatial
technology.
This study also develops an algorithm to estimate the
total PV system components, using analytical methods.
The details of the power plant capacity required for 1
MW is also discussed.
The proposed results help the design engineers to fix the
system and space requirements.
14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications
I.I. Data sources

In order to identify and calculate the
bright roof top areas the visible, near
infrared (VNIR) and thermal bands of
Terra/ASTER level 1B acquired with a
spatial resolution of 15 m was analyzed.
14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications
I.2 ASTER characteristics

The ASTER instrument acquires surface
data in the visible to near- infrared (three
bands at 15m per pixel), short-wave
infrared (six bands at 30m per pixel) and
thermal infrared (five bands at 90m per
pixel) wavelength regions of the
electromagnetic spectrum
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I. 3. Study Area
14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications
I. 3. Study Area
Hyderabad, is the capital of Andhra Pradesh,
India. It is one of the largest metropolitan city of
India .
 Hyderabad is situated on Deccan plateau,
located in North West of Andhra Pradesh.
Situated on 17° 22' 31" North latitude and
78° 28' 27" East longitude it has an average
elevation of about 536 metres above sea level
(1,607 ft).

14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications
II. Classification

Accuracy Assessment:
Supervised and Unsupervised
classification
 Supervised classification techniques include
Parallelepiped, Minimum Distance,
Mahalanobis Distance, Maximum Likelihood,
Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM)
 Unsupervised classification includes ISO-Data
and K-Means techniques.

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II. Post Classification:
◦ Post classification tools classify rule
images to calculate class statistics and
confusion matrices to apply majority and
minority analysis in classifying images
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III. 2. Classification Accuracy
Kappa Coefficients
Classification Accuracy
1.2
Percentage accuracy
1
0.8
0.9533
0.9512
0.8972 0.9329
0.6314
0.6
0.475
0.4
0.2
-0.0075
Fig: Classification accuracy using various classifiers
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Coefficients
-0.2
Fig: Kappa coefficients values for various classifiers Classification accuracy
using various classifiers
(Source: Sainu & Ravibabu, 2012, IJEE)
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Classified Image
Fig: Classification image of study area using SVM
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Bright Roof Area Extraction
Scale 1: 65m
Fig: Shows bright roof area extraction using Google earth
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Classified Objects
Area
(km2)
% of total
area
Bright roof Area
31.11
14.54
Land
67.09
31.35
Vegetation
13.43
6.28
Less bright roofs &
roads
93.05
43.48
Water bodies
9.31
4.35
14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications
Photovoltaic System Flowchart
Solar Radiation
DC Load
PV Module
Battery
Bank
Inverter
AC Load
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PV Sizing Algorithm
Start
Read PV module input
data
Perform
calculations for
Module sizing
Fix the
inverter
size
Read
load
data
Read weather
data
End
Print the values of
Number of modules
14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications



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
Nps = (Vdc/Vm)
Npp = (Pc / (W X Nps)
Ahd = (Im X hs X 0.9 X 0.9 X Npp)
Wht = (Ahd X Vdc X Ei)
Nar = (Npp X Isc X 1.3/Ar) (5)
Area of the modules required = 0.64 X Nps X Npp
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(6)
14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications
Table: Shows Module Inverter parameters and Radiation input
Module Parameters
Model Number
Maximum Power
Short circuit current (Isc)
Open circuit voltage (Voc)
Current at max power(Imp)
Max current rating of module(Im)
Current rating of charge controller (Ar)
No: of sub-arrays and regulators
VOLTAGE AT PEAK POWER POINT (VM)
L1270 ( BHEL Make)
70 W
4.6A
21V
4.3A
4.4A
10
4458
16.4V
Inverter parameters
Efficiency (Ei)
System voltage (Vdc)
0.9
24V
Radiation input
T8 = 250C - Min Temperature at site
hs = 5.12hrs - Hours of bright sunshine
G1 = 5.12 kWh/m2 Average solar radiation
Table : Shows results of module sizing using simulation
Output data
Hyderabad city
1MW
No: of modules
Series
Parallel
Total No:
No of sub arrays and regulators
No. of inverters
Space Requirements (Area of modules)
Electricity generated daily
2
58353436
1.16708 x 108
36412544
1.528 x 107
74.69km2
23000000 kWh
2
7143
14286
9.143 x 103 m2
2.815 x 103 kWh
Conclusion
The available bright roof area in Hyderabad
suffices for meeting 40% of the total power
requirement of MCH.
 Much higher accuracy can be achieved if
technically advanced datasets of LIDAR or
photogrammetry are used.
 This study would not have been possible
without the help of Geospatial data and it has
proved to be an invaluable tool in studies of
present scale and also at macro level.

14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications
References
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APCPDCL (www.apcentralpower.com/ ) accessed on 18-12-2011.
Article on “Power Consumption Spirals”, The Hindu March 05, 2009.
Vinod Kumar Sharma, Antonio Colangelo and Guiseppe Spagna, 1995;
Photovoltaic technology: Basic concepts, Sizing of a stand alone photovoltaic
system for domestic applications and preliminary economic analysis; Energy
Convers. Mgmt, Vol.36, No.3, pp 161-174
Fragaki.A and Markvart.T, 2008; Stand-alone PV system design: Results using a
new sizing approach; Renewable Energy 33:162-167
Uzunoglu.M, Onar.O.C and Alam.M.S, 2009; Modelling, control and simulation of
a PV/FC/UC based hybrid power generation system for stand alone
applications; Renewable Energy 34: 509-520
Rodolfo Dufo- Lopez, Jose.L, Bernal Agustin, Jose.M .Yusta.Loyo,
Jose.A.Dominguez
Navarro, Ignacio.J, Ramirez Rosado, Juan Lujano, Ismael Aso, 2011; Multi
objective optimization minimizing cost and life cycle emissions of stand-alone
PV-wind-diesel systems with battery storage; Applied Energy 88: 4033-4041.
Kaushika.N.D, Nalini.K.Gautam and Kshitiz Kaushik, 2005; Simulation model for
sizing of stand alone solar PV system with inter connected array; Solar Energy
materials & Solar Cells 85: 499-51
Sainu Franco, Usha, M., Ravibabu, M.V., Jothimani, P., 2011 ; Accuracy assessment
of image classification techniques on aster data for landuse and landcover,
Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Advances in Mechanical,
Manufacturing and Building Sciences (ICAMB-2012), 09-11 Jan, 2012, Organized
by VIT University, India.
14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications
Acknowledgment
Authors would like to thank ..
Director, CDMM, VIT University for permitting to utilize GIS lab
Dr. Kamal Jain, Professor, Civil Engineering Department, IIT-Roorkee
for providing necessary data for this study.
Mr. Peter Paul, Head, Survey & Mapping SAP SPATIAL SERVICES
Hyderabad for sharing spatial data
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Thank you for
your kind attention..!
Nomenclature
Nps
Vm
W
Ahd
hs
Ei
Isc
T8
number of modules in series
nominal voltage of the module
rated wattage of module
daily ampere hours generated
hours of bright sunshine
efficiency of inverter
short circuit current;
min temperature at site;
Vdc
Npp
Pc
Im
Wht
Nar
Ar
G1
system voltage
number of modules in parallel
plant installed capacity in Watts
max. current rating of module
sizing of Charge Controller
number of sub arrays and regulators
current rating of charge controller
Avg of mean monthly global radiation
14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications