Transcript Title Slide: Presentation Name Goes Here and May Wrap to Three

Presentation to the WVAGP
Writing a Successful GIS RFP
Robert A. Rickard – Geospatial PM
Overview
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GEOSPATIAL
SERVICES
•Situation…..
•You are putting out an RFP to seek
QUALIFIED PROFESSIONALS to do work
that meets your requirements
•Clarity in the needs
•Why?
•What is driving the need for this RFQ?
RFI vs RFQ vs RFP
•RFI
• Source “www.businessdictionary.com”
SERVICES
Documents used in soliciting price and delivery quotations that
meet minimum quality specifications for a specific quantity of
services. Consultants respond to a RFQ with firm quotations,
and generally the lowest-priced quotation is awarded the
contract.
GEOSPATIAL
•RFQ = Request for Quotations =
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= Request for Information = Request made typically
during the project planning phase where a buyer cannot clearly
identify product requirements, specifications, and purchase
options. RFIs clearly indicate that award of a contract will not
automatically follow.
RFI vs RFQ vs RFP (cont.)
• RFP
GEOSPATIAL
SERVICES
• Source “www.businessdictionary.com”
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= Request for Proposal = Document used in sealed bid
procurement procedures through which a purchaser advises the
potential suppliers of (1) statement and scope of work, (2)
specifications, (3) schedules or timelines, (4) contract type, (5) data
requirements, (6) terms and conditions, (7) description of services to
be procured, (8) general criteria used in evaluation procedure, (9)
special contractual requirements, (10) technical goals, (11)
instructions for preparation of technical, management, and/or cost
proposals. RFPs are publicly advertised and suppliers respond with a
detailed proposal, not with only a price quotation. They provide for
negotiations after sealed proposals are opened, and the award of
contract may not necessarily go to the lowest bidder.
Best Practices
• Consider these first:
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GEOSPATIAL
SERVICES
– Research your subject (What is GIS? Orthos?
LiDAR?). Call Kurt, Tony, Hussein, WVAGP
members, Me
– Organize the RFP
– Allow for a question/answer period
– Contact Person?
– Potential Cost (does it meet your expectations?
Are there huge differences?)
– Create a Checklist to grade the respondents
– Qualifications…qualifications…qualifications
Best Practices
• Consider these first:
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GEOSPATIAL
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– Experience
– References (call and check the references)
– How many copies
– Cost Estimates separately sealed from RFP
– Alternatives and Options
– Pages per section
– Schedule
– Resource Availability and Location
– SBE or MBE (Small or Minority Businesses) or
Local percentage required or suggested?
QBS
http://wvqbs.org/?nav=home
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•
GEOSPATIAL
• The QBS process is endorsed by the American Public Works Association and
included in the American Bar Association's Model Procurement Code for State
and Local Governments.
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• The West Virginia Qualification Based Selection (QBS) Council is
comprised of the American Council of Engineering Companies of West
Virginia, the West Virginia Society of Professional Engineers, and
American Institute of Architects-West Virginia, and advocates the use
of Qualifications Based Selection because it is the most widely
recommended method for obtaining quality engineering and
architectural services, and quality design is more likely to result in a
constructed project that is highly economical to build, maintain and
operate over its useful life. Chapter 5G of the WV Code, passed by the
WV Legislature in 1990, mandates the use of a QBS-type procedure by
all state and local government entities.
• Brooks Act - Since 1972, all agencies of the federal government have
been required to use the QBS procedure. This law is known as the
Brooks Act. There have been several updates to the Brooks Act since
1972.
Determine Needs
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• How will data be utilized
• How will data be stored
GEOSPATIAL
– Properties/Parcels - Assessors
– Traffic Design – Planning/Engineering
– Roadway Design – Engineering
– Mapping – Planning/Assessor/Engineering
– Terrain Models – Planning/Engineering
– Accidents – Police/Commissioners/Ops & Maintenance
– ID of Features – Planning/Assessor/Engineer
– Environmental Impact Studies – Asset Management – Engineer/Ops & Maintenance
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• What are the needs of not only your
department but other departments within your
organization
Determine Output & Delivery Method
•What datasets or output do you want
• Delivery Methods
– CD/DVD/Hard Drive
– Web Based
– Flat Files
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– Parcels
– Roadways (centerlines and/or edges of pavements)
– Hydrography
GEOSPATIAL
vegetation
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– Digital Orthophotography
– DTM
– Boundaries
– Utilities
– Structures (buildings over ?? Sq foot) /Bridges
– Planimetric Features – manmade features and
Determine Budget and Funding Sources
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GEOSPATIAL
•Where is the money
•Who is contributing
•Grant applications and their stipulations
•Flexibility
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Technical Specifications – Scales
Pixel
Resolution
0.25-foot
0.5-foot
1.0-foot
2.0-foot
Used
For
Engineering
Eng + Plan
Planning
Planning
GEOSPATIAL
Acquisition
Altitude
2,400-feet AGL
4,800-feet AGL
9,600-feet AGL
19,200-feet AGL
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Mapping
Scale
1"=50'
1"=100'
1"=200'
1"=400'
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Technical Specifications – Scales
•ASPRS –
Ground Sample Distance—0.48-foot
Output Resolution—0.5-foot
Flying Altitude—4,800-feet above mean terrain height
Forward Lap—imagery is captured at Nadir continuously
Side Lap—30 % (maximum)
Climatic Conditions—sufficiently clear sky
Ground Conditions—free from snow, haze, fog, or dust;
when streams are within their normal banks
Sun Angle—greater than 30-degrees
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GEOSPATIAL
•NMAS – National Map Accuracy
Standards
•NSSDA – National Standard for Spatial
Data Accuracy
•Sample Standards
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American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote
Sensing (http://www.asprs.org/)
Technical Specifications – Push Broom
vs Frame camera
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This difference in technology gives the pushbroom system numerous advantages over a
single-frame system, especially for large
project areas
GEOSPATIAL
1. Push-broom camera systems—Push-broom
cameras capture imagery in strips
2. Single-frame camera systems—Single-frame
camera systems capture imagery as single
frame images.
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• There are two basic types of largeformat digital camera systems
Technical Specifications – Push Broom
vs Frame camera
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image processing
aerial triangulation
Orthorectification
ortho mosaicking for the +/-1,000 images
With a single-frame system there is a greater possibility of
errors along seamlines because there are a far greater
number of single images to mosaic together. This increases
the likelihood of buildings/vehicles/bridges being split by a
seamline and unequal water colorization or balance
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A typical 500 square mile area would require approximately
+/- 1,000 single-frame images, which in turn would require:
GEOSPATIAL
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image processing
aerial triangulation
Orthorectification
ortho mosaicking for +/-25 strips
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A typical 500 square mile area would require +/-25 ADS40SH80 image strips, which in turn would require:
Technical Specifications – Digital vs
Film
Shot
Unloaded
Processed
QC’d
Scanned into digital format
Georeferenced
Must mosaic, color-balance, stitch each frame image
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Shot
Unloaded on a hard drive
Automatically Digital and Georeferenced
QC’d
More accurate than Film
Easier to mosaic, color-balance, stitch between strips
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• Digital imagery is:
GEOSPATIAL
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• Preliminary images within 3 weeks
• Film must be:
DTM vs DEM vs DSM
GEOSPATIAL
SERVICES
• DTM and DEM can be created from either stereo orthophotos
or LiDAR
• Flight scale determines if DTM or DEM is produced. Higher
altitude=lower accuracy=DEM
• DTM can be used for the rectification of the orthos
• Rectification = adjustment of images to simplify stereo vision
or to map images to a map coordinate system (GIS)
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• DEM (Digital Elevation Model), which is required for the
generation of digital orthophotography, is a less accurate
representation of the ground surface using a regularly spaced
grid of mass points and breaklines.
• DSM (Digital Surface Model) is the first surface on the ground
which includes terrain, buildings, vegetation, etc.
• DTM (Digital Terrain Model), which is needed for the generation
of contours, is a highly accurate representation of ground
surface using mass points and breaklines. Can be derived from
DSM by removing vegetation and features
Technical Specifications – LiDAR
•What can LiDAR be used for?
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GEOSPATIAL
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– Rectify the new orthoimagery
– 3D values for new planimetrics
– DEM/DTM production
– Contours
– Automatic Building Extraction
– Change Detection
– Impervious Surface Analysis
– Land Use/Land Cover Extraction
– Forestry Analysis
– Flood Analysis
– Addressing
Technical Specifications – LiDAR
– EX: 0.5 foot orthoimagery requires
• Flying Height: 6,300 feet AGL
– Avg. Posting collected: 1-meter (or std. 2 meter)
• Side Lap: 30%
GEOSPATIAL
SERVICES
• Leaf-off
• Less than 5% atmospheric interference
• Flight Plan to take advantage of terrain and boundaries
plus overlap (half mile buffer)
• Review for voids
• Validation – compare LiDAR points to a separate sample
set of control points
• Require a LiDAR report (avg pt spacing, RMS error,
Validation results)
• Deliverable: Classified .LAS format v1.2
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• Flying altitude, average posting, and side lap should
match or be better than the orthoimagery specs.
Details
GEOSPATIAL
SERVICES
– Planimetric Mapping: Transportation:
centerlines of paved and unpaved roads.
Include Federal and State Parks.
– Hydrographic Features: Edges of Waterways
greater than 25’ wide and Water Bodies (lakes
and ponds) greater than 0.5 acres.
– Structures: Buildings greater than 100 sq. ft.
ID structure as New, Changed, Deleted,
Existing
– Classified Bare Earth data in .LAS format
(version 1.2)
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•In the RFP, be as specific as possible
•EX:
Estimated Costs
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GEOSPATIAL
•Differentiation in costs are during the
Processing stage
•Costs are cheaper with volume
•Costs vary depending on Terrain
•Ohio Statewide = $4.3m
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