Transcript Social Studies 11 Chapter 3

CHAPTER 3
SOCIAL STUDIES 11
INTO THE GREAT
DEPRESSION
GROWTH AND
DISCONTENT
With
the war over, 250,000 Canadians
hunt for jobs.
Unions had grown during the war but
times were now tough.
One Big Union was promised by
labour leaders (a Canadian Russian
Revolution)
General Strike in Winnipeg spreads to Vancouver
UNREST
June
21, 1919, Bloody Sunday in
Winnipeg.
Labour union membership began to drop.
Wheat prices fell from $3.15 to $1.11 per
bushel (Morton, 1988, p.70)
Interest rates were raised to stop
inflation.
C.N.R. freight rates raised. Maritimes
HALIBUT TREATY
1923
First
treaty Canada signs on her
own.
With the U.S.A.
Shows independence
THE KING BYNG
CONFRONTATION
Lord
Byng, Governor-General of
Canada, refused to dissolve parliament
after King’s ministers were implicated
in an alcohol smuggling scandal.
King attempted to avoid the
responsibility of a corrupt government.
Meighen takes office
The Wall Street Crash
Stock
Prices rose
Investment trusts compounded
the inflation of the stocks.
PRIME MINISTER BENNETT
King,
“Not a five cent piece to provinces
led by Conservatives.” “Unemployment is
a provincial problem.”
1930 King out. Bennett in
Bennett brings in the highest tariffs since
1879 (Morton, 1988, p.81)
Bennett created the Bank of Canada.
President Herbert Hoover
the government
knew that the
market was about
to crash. Even a
newly published
weekly called
NEWSWEEK
predicted a stock
market crash.

The
government did not
get involved because it
was not its job
(Capitalist Gov. = hands
off business.) and
anything the government
said could cause the
crash
Oct. 24, 1929 (Black
Thursday)
Stock
prices crash.
J.P. Morgan and others try to
instill confidence in the market
by buying millions of dollars
worth of stocks. The market
settles.
Oct. 29, 1929 (Black Tuesday)
Market
collapses. The "Great Crash"
has occurred.
40 billion dollars disappeared from the
economy. Any company investing in
stocks lost that money. (banks,
factories, individuals, and companies
who had their money in bank that had
been investing in marginal stocks)
Herbert Hoover - Capitalist
1930
Hawley-Smoot Tariff Bill Largest
example of U.S. Protectionist.
large tariffs on imports to save U.S. Jobs.
World trade slows. Massive unemployment.
Hoover brings in Reconstruction Finance
Corporation. $2 Billion given to industry to
create jobs. (Hoover will not give direct aid
to unemployed - not capitalist). RFC a
failure.
Hoovervilles spring up.
shanty
towns.
Hooverblankets
newspapers used as blankets.
1931 Hoover announced a
moratorium
Moratorium
on international
government debts because both
Austria and Germany were close to
financial collapse.
This sent other nations depending
on these payments into chaos.
1932 Worst year of
Depression
25%
unemployment
THE DUST BOWL
Bonus March(1932)
veterans
of WW1 protest to receive
benefits early.
Douglas MacArthur sent to put it
down. Doug gets overly enthusiastic.
Uses tanks and cavalry.
Hoover can't admit he lost control of
MacArthur. Takes blame.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt socialist.
1932
wins election promising
the American people a "New
Deal".
Uses line from H.D. Thoreau
and states: "The only thing we
have to fear is fear itself."
Roosevelt has a special
session of Congress called
"The Hundred Days".
deals with the "Three R's" Recovery, Relief, Reform.
several Federal Agencies
created.
Called "Bank Holiday"
only
solvent banks reopen.
Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation Created (FDIC).
Bank deposits (up to $1500)
insured to instill confidence in
banks.
Agricultural Adjustment Act:
output
restricted/force prices
up
production quotas
1935 unconstitutional.
National Industrial Recovery
Act:
same
as AAA only industrial
restricted output
1935 unconstitutional.
Wagner Act 1933
trade
unions protected.
National Labour Relations Act
(striking legal [2nd ND] 1935)
Tennessee Valley Authority
1st time gov. Went into direct
competition with the private
sector.
hydro-electric dams in 7 states.
supply cheap power to spur
economic development.
Civilian Conservation Corps
young
men given jobs in "makework projects"
direct involvement/handouts!
Works Progress
Administration.
"Make
work"
included the arts.
La Guardia airport created.
Orson Wells "Black MacBeth"
funded.
More handouts. -1935 2nd ND
Social Security Act 1935
old
age pension/unemployment
insurance/welfare.
1937 considered unconstitutional
Roosevelt threatens to increase Supreme
Court from 9 to 15, thereby bypassing the "9
Old Men" (creating a democratic dicatorship
because anything Roosevelt wanted to do
would be constitutional)
SSA stays / Supreme Court remains at 9
BENNETT’S PLAN
The
New Deal
Make work projects
Bennettburghs
Bennett Buggy
MAJOR-GENERAL
A.G.L. McNAUGHTON
1932
McNaughton was put in
charge of the RELIEF CAMPS
A man could be fed, housed and
clothed for one dollar a day
including 20 cents a day pay.
RIDING THE RODS
PROTEST THE RELIEF
CAMPS.
BIBLE BILL ABERHART
Led
the Social Credit Party
The difference between what a
man made and what he needed to
live should be made up by the
government.
The difference was called the
Social Credit.
J.S. WOODSWORTH
Founder
of the Co-operative
Commonwealth Federation
1932
1933 Regina Manifesto
REGINA MANIFESTO
planned
economy
control banks
ownership of essential services
labour code
publicly organised medical
services
1937 Business Wants
Roosevelt and his socialist
ways out of the economy.
economy appears strong
economy wants Roosevelt to
close down his programs. He
does.
Economy collapses.
1939 Threat of WW2 bringing
the U.S.A. Out of the Great
Depression.
MAURICE DUPLESSIS
1936
became Premier of Quebec
Instituted PADLOCK LAW.
lock any building used for
“communistic” purposes
Used it to attack opponents.
THE END
There will be a test in
a week...