Hindi Masculine Gender Words

Transcript Hindi Masculine Gender Words

Hindi & Tamil Learning Book
हद और त मल सीखने क प
ु तक
ஹிதி ம
தமி
பய First Edition - January, 2014
Price: 100 AED (UAE Dirham)
थम संकरण – जनवर २०१४
म
ू य : १०० ए इ ड
தக
अभवीकृ त
“ कोई भी अकेला नहं चलता, तो जैसे आप िजंदगी के सफर म" आगे चलते
ह#, आपको उन सबका श(ु )या करना है , जो आपके साथ जुड़,े जो आपके साथ
चले और िज/ह0ने सारे राते बराबर आपक1 मदद क1 ”
अपनी खुद क को शश के बावजूद, कसी भी परयोजना क सफलता दस
ू र
के ोसाहन और माग%दश%न पर काफ़ हद तक 'नभ%र करती है |
इस अवसर को लेते हुए म+, उन लोग का हा.द%क ध0यवाद अ भ1य2त करता
हूँ, िज0हने इस प5
ु तक के समापन को संभव कया है :
सौरभ सद
ू , गीता सद
ू , सा0तु दास, जीबन पॉल, सिु 9मता पॉल(जैमी), मीता
पॉल, .हरे न दे ब, .दलशा .दल<प, हसना बीजू, मीता दे , रजाथी बालाकुमार,
अनप
ु म पॉल, >बनॉय चौधुर<, हर पद रॉय, राजीब पॉल राकेश और
ीतम पॉल |
ता मल भाग म@ एकमाA योगदान के लए Bीमती रजाथी बालाकुमार, राधा
काश को Cवशेष ध0यवाद |
खास तौर पर परमेEवर का, मेरे परवार और दो5त का िज0हने इस काय%
म@ , सब चीज़ को संभव कर .दखाया है |
“You have to grow from
the inside out. None can
teach you, none can make
you spiritual. There is no
other teacher but your
own soul”
Swami Vivekananda
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
“No one walks alone, so as you walk in the journey of life you must
thank those who joined you, who walked beside you, and helped
you along the way.”
Apart from one’s own efforts, the success of any project depends
largely on the encouragement and guidance of many others. I take
this opportunity to express my heartfelt gratitude to the people
who have made the completion of this book possible:
Saurabh Sood, Geeta Sood, Santu Das, Jiban Paul,
Susmita Paul (Jamy), Mita Paul, H. K. Deb, Dilsha Dilip, Hasna
Byju, Mita Dey, Rajathi Balakumar, Anupam Paul, Hari Pada
Roy, Binoy Chowdhury, Rajib Paul Rakesh and Preetam Paul.
Special thanks to Mrs. Rajathi Balakumar & Rada Prakash for her
sole contribution to the Tamil Portion.
Especially to Almighty, my family and friends,
who made all things possible.
2वषय – सूची
पेजs
०
5तावना
--------------
००१
१
5वर और 1यंजन
--------------
००९
२
वण%माला (ता लका)
--------------
०१५
३
Oगनती
--------------
०१७
४
संय2
ु त 1यंजन
--------------
०२९
५
शRद और
वा2य का 'नमा%ण
-------------
०३५
६
भाषा और 1याकरण
--------------
०४५
७
पाT%स ऑफ 5पीच (शRद-भेद)
--------------
०४९
८
वचन
--------------
१२७
९
लंग
--------------
१३५
१०
कारक
--------------
३५३
११
काल
--------------
३५९
१२
Cवराम Oच0ह
--------------
३६३
१३
पया%यवाची शRद
--------------
३६७
१४
Cवलोम शRद
--------------
३७७
१५
मह
ु ावरे
--------------
३८५
१६
ऋत,ु .दशा, .दन और मह<ने
--------------
३८९
१७
रEत क पहचान (नाम)
--------------
३९३
१८
मानव शर<र के अंग
--------------
४०१
१९
आकृ'तयाँ
--------------
४०३
२०
सामा0य शRद
--------------
४०५
२१
वा2य
--------------
४३१
२२
कहा'नयाँ
--------------
४४५
२३
जन जागZकता नोTस
--------------
४५७
Contents
Page
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Prefaces
Vowels & Consonants
Alphabets (Chart)
Counting Chart
Consonant Combination
Formation of
Words & Sentences
Language & Grammar
Parts of Speech
Number
Gender
Case
Tense
Punctuation
Synonyms
Antonyms
Idioms
Seasons, Direction, Days,
Months
Family Relation Names
Parts of the Human Body
Shapes
Common Words
Common Sentences
Stories
Awareness notes
------------------------------------------------------------------
001
009
015
017
029
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
035
045
049
127
135
353
359
363
367
377
385
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
389
393
401
403
405
431
445
457
Language: HINDI
5तावना
(Preface)
इस पु5तक के काशक ने, काफ [Oच लेते हुए यह कताब को Cवक सत
कया है िजसम@ दो भाषाओं का उपयोग एक साथ कया गया है, यह ]यान म@
रखते हुए क इससे कई लोग को भाषा सीखने क .दलच5पी बढ़ सकती है|
इन दोन भाषाओं के कुछ स]द लेखक के नाम ह+: र6ब/7नाथ टे गोर
(नोबल पुरकार 2वजेता), क9बर, :थ;व<लुबर, भार:थयर, अमर खो>ोव,
नानक, सूरदास, मलक मुह9मद जयस, गोवाम तुलस दास, अ?दल
ु
र@हम खान, अ9बAरश :Bवातव, अशोक च)धर, एलंगोवाडेगल, भारती
धासन, थो<कािFFयअर आ.द| भाषा का aान न होने से, कोई भी भाषा क
सा.हियक कृ'तयाँ पूर< तरह समझी नह<ं जा सकती | यह .हंद< और त मल
क मOBत प5
ु तक, सभी भाषा े मय क मदद बड़ी आसानी से कर सकती
है |
इस पु5तक के काशक, भाषा म@ [Oच रखनेवाल से अनुdह करते ह+ क
इन भाषाओं का अeयास अfर और शRद को लखकर कर@ , और साथ ह<
शRदकोश के उपयोग से शRद को उनके अथ% स.हत समझ@ | gयादा लखने के
Page
1
अeयास से ये दोन भाषाएँ आप आसानी और जhद< से सीख सकते ह+ |
Language: TAMIL
K‹Diu
(Preface)
ïªj ò¤jf¤â‹ (üÈ‹ MáÇa®) gâ¥ghs®, ešy
áªjidíl‹, ïU bkhÊfis (Ïªâ & jÄœ) xU nru¥
ga‹gL¤â, k¡fŸ ãwbkhÊfŸ f‰»‹w M®t¤ij¤ ö©L«
msÉ‰F Äf ešy KiwÆš gil¤âU¡»wh®.
ï›ÉU bkhÊfË‹ áy òfœbg‰w
bga®fis ï§nf fh©nghkhf: ரரநா தா
vG¤jhs®fË‹
(ேநாப
ப
ெபறவமான), கப , வவ , பாரயா , அ
"கம#, ேகாவா$
ேரா, நான , தா, மா!
#ள&தாச(, அ)# ர* கா(, அப+, -வதவா,
அேசா
ச ரதா ,
இள/ேகாவ0க,
பாரதாச(,
ெதா கா)1ய
ïªj
ngh‹wh®Mth®fŸ.
üÈ‹
bfh©lt®fS¡F
bkhÊia¡
f‰W¡
gâ¥ghs®
X®
bkhÊÆ‹
nt©LnfhŸ
bfhŸs
ÛJ
M®t«
ÉL¡»wh®.
ïªj
ÉU«ògt®fŸ
vG¤âidí«,
brh‰fisí« vGâ vGâ¥ gh®¡F«go TW»wh®.
bfhL¡f¥g£oU¡F«
áW
mfuhâia¥
ïânyna
ga‹gL¤â
th®¤ijfis¤ jt¿‹¿¥ òÇªJ bfhŸsî« TW»wh®. mo¡fo
vGâ¥ gh®¥gjhš ï›ÉU bkhÊfisí« vËikahf k‰W«
Page
2
Éiuthf¡ f‰W¡ bfhŸsyh« v‹W« e«ã¡ifô£L»wh®.
Preface (Hindi) Continued….
यह पु5तक सiभवतः दस
ू र< पु5तक से इ0ह< कारण के लये
भ0न है x
इस प5
ु तक म@ वण%माला, 1याकरण, कुछ वा2य, लघु शRदकोष और
कुछ जन जागZकता .टmपणी का समावेश है |
x
यह प5
ु तक Cवशेष Zप से कुछ .हंद< पिु hलंग और 5Aी लंग शRद का
उhलेख करती है |
x
इस पु5तक म@ कुछ सूचनामक त5वीरे ह+, जो छोट< कfा के छाA के
लए उपयोगी हो सकती ह+|
x
इस पु5तक म@ सामा0य aान(General knowledge) के कुछ fेA
का समावेश है |
x
इस पु5तक से भाषा म@ [Oच रखनेवाले, दोनो .हंद< और त मल भाषा
को अंdेजी उnचारण के oवारा सीख सकते ह+|
Jana Gana Mana sets Milestone
Page
3
Indian National Anthem “Jana Gana
Mana…” Completed 100 Years on
December 28, 2011. It was on this day
in 1911 that the song penned by
Rabindranath Tagore, was first sung
at the Calcutta session of the Indian
National Congress. He is the creator of
India & Bangladesh National Anthem.
Preface (Tamil) Continued….
ïªj ò¤jf« k‰w ò¤jf§fËÈUªJ K‰¿Y« jÅ¥g£lJ«,
khWg£lJkhF«.
ïâš vG¤J¡fŸ, ïy¡fz«, áy th¡»a§fŸ,
Fiwªjg£r K¡»akhd th®¤ijfŸ, á¿a mfuhâ
ngh‹wit bfhL¡f¥g£LŸsd.
ïâš M©ghš, bg©ghY¡FÇa brh‰fŸ (ÏªâÆš)
bjËthf¡ bfhL¡f¥g£LŸsd.
áWtF¥ò (m) mo¥gil tF¥ò khzt®fS¡F
ï¥ò¤jf¤âYŸs gl§fŸ, áWF¿¥òfŸ ngh‹wit
gaDŸsjhf mik»‹wd.
ïâš bghJ m¿î bjhl®ghd áy brŒâfS«
ml§»íŸsd.
ï›ÉU bkhÊÆY« M®t« cŸst®fŸ M§»y bkhÊÆ‹
thÆyhfî« f‰W¡ bfhŸsyh«.
Page
4
Mahatma Gandhi-The Father of India
Preface (Hindi) Continued….
अंत म@ काशक सभी पाठक से Cवनती करते ह+ क वे अपने सझ
ु ाव ई - मेल
(e-mail) oवारा भेज@, ताक उन सब को सिiम लत करके, अगर भCव9य म@
अगला सं5करण बनाएँ तो उसम@ सुधार कया जा सके | यह काशन काफ़
अनोखा इस लये है 2यक दोन भाषाओं का उपयोग अब तक कसी पु5तक
म@ एकसाथ नह<ं कया गया है |
काशक का यास तभी सफल होगा जब यह प5
ु तक पाठक के लए
उपयोगी सq होगी |
Page
5
मनोज पॉल - काशक, E-mail: [email protected]
Lotus – The National Flower of India.
Preface (Tamil) Continued….
ïWâahf gâ¥ghs® thrf®fS¡F (m) go¥nghU¡F X®
nt©Lnfhis it¡»wh®. mjhtJ ïªüiy¡ F¿¤J j§fsJ
Ék®rd§fŸ
k‰W«
üÈ‹
K‹nd‰w¤â‰F
njitahd
fU¤Jiufis Ä‹dŠrš brŒayh«, mJ ïªüÈ‹ vâ®fhy
gâ¥ã‰F cjÉahf ïU¡F«. ï¥gâ¥ghdJ Äfî« jÅ¤j‹ik
cilaJ. fhuz«, ïUntW bkhÊfis xnu üÈš g¡f¤J¡F¥
g¡f« m¢á£L vªj üY« tuÉšiy v‹gnjahF«.
gâ¥ghsÇ‹ ï›tÇa Ka‰á v‹gJ, thrf®fŸ (m) üiy
thá¥gt®fŸ ïªüiy KGikahf òÇªJ bfhŸtâšjh‹
KGikail»wJ.
gâ¥ghs® : kndh{ghš
Page
Peacock-The National Bird in India
6
Ä‹dŠrš : [email protected]
Language: ENGLISH
PREFACE
The publisher took initiative in producing this 2 in 1 (Hindi &
Tamil) book understanding the interest of some people for
learning one of these languages. The alphabets and grammar of
both languages are not similar, so it would be easy for both
native speakers to learn each other’s language through this
book.
In these two languages there are many globally acclaimed
writers like Rabindranath Tagore (Nobel Laureate), Kamber,
Thiruvalluvar, Bharathiyar, Amir Khusrow, Nanak, Surdas,
Malik Muhammad Jayasi, Goswami Tulasidas, Abdul Rahim
Khan,
Ambarish
Srivastava,
Ashok
Chakradhar,
Elangovadigal, Bharathi Dhasan, Tholkappyiar and many
others. But just because of not knowing a language, one cannot
get the taste of that language author’s literary works. This
combined book of Hindi & Tamil will help all language lovers to
learn these languages comfortably.
The publisher strongly recommends all interested learners to
practice these languages by writing the alphabets/numbers and
reading the dictionaries to understand the words with meanings.
More writing practice will help these languages learning faster &
easier.
Page
7
Also this book is probably different from any other book for the
following reasons:
x This book covers alphabets, grammar, some sentences, a
mini dictionary and some public awareness notes.
Preface (English) Continued….
x
This book specifically mentions many words of Hindi
masculine and feminine genders.
x
This book has some informative pictures which might be
useful for junior grade students.
This book covers some areas of general knowledge.
By this book any interested language learner can learn
both Hindi and Tamil languages through English
pronunciation.
x
x
Finally the publisher would request honorable readers to e-mail
their suggestions for any improvement of the contents, which
could be incorporated in the event of any future edition of this
book. This publication is unique in its kind; in essence, no book
so far had been published keeping these two languages side by
side.
The publisher’s attempt will be fruitful if this book is found useful
to readers for whom it is meant.
Page
The Buckingham Palace – London, UK.
8
Publisher: Manoj Paul, E-mail: [email protected]
Language: HINDI
वर और Gयंजन
Vowels & Consonants
वर
अ
आ
इ
ई
उ
ऊ
ऋ
ए
ऐ
A
ā
i
ī
u
ū
ṛi
e
ai
[ʌ]
[a]
[i]
[iː]
[u]
[uː]
[ṛ]
[e]
[æː]
ओ
औ
अं
अः
O
Au
aṅ
aḥ
[o]
[ɔː]
[aŋ]
[əh]
प
पा
2प
पी
पु
पू
पृ
पे
पै
pa
pā
pi
pī
pu
pū
pṛ
pe
pai
पो
पौ
पं
पः
po
pau
paṅ
paḥ
Page
9
Howrah Bridge, Kolkata, India.
Language: TAMIL
cÆ®, cÆ® bkŒ vG¤J¡fŸ
(UYIR, UYIR MEI EZHUTHUKKAL)
cÆ®(UYIR) - Vowels
m
M
ï
<
c
C
v
a
aa
i
i
u
ū
e
V
I
x
X
xs
~
ē
ai
o
ō
au
ak
g
gh
ã
Õ
ò
ó
bg
Pa
Paa
Pi
Pi
Pu
Pū
Pe
ng
ig
bgh
ngh
bgs
¥
Pe
Pai
Po
Pō
Pau
Ip
The National Animal in India
Page
10
The National Animal in India
Vowels & Consonants (Hindi) Continued….
Gयंजन
क
ख
ग
घ
ङ
च
छ
ज
झ
ञ
ka
kha
ga
gha
ṅa
ch
cha
ja
jha
ña
[kə]
[kʰə]
[gə]
[gʱə]
[ŋə]
[ʧə]
[ʧʰə]
[ʤə]
[ʤʱə]
[ɲə]
ट
ठ
ड
ढ
ण
त
थ
द
ध
न
ṭa
ṭha
ḍa
ḍha
aṇa
ta
tha
da
dha
na
[ʈə]
[ʈʰə]
[ɖə]
[ɖʱə]
[ɳə]
[tə]
[tʰə]
[də]
[dʱə]
[nə]
प
फ
ब
भ
म
य
र
ल
व
श
pa
pha
ba
bha
ma
ya
ra
la
Va
śh
[pə]
[pʰə]
[bə]
[bʱə]
[mə]
[jə]
[rə]
[lə
[ʋə\]
[ʃə]
ष
स
ह
ṣa
[ʂə]
sa
[sə]
ha
[ɦə]
ज़
\
Page
11
अ तAरWत Gयंजन
क़
ख़
ग़
qa
[qə]
ḫa
[xə]
ġa
[ɣə]
za
[zə]
zha
[ʒə]
फ़
fa
[fə]
ड़
ṛa
[ɽə]
ढ़
rha
[ɽʱə]
Vowels & Consonants (Tamil) Continued….
cÆ® bkŒ (UYIR MEI) – Consonants
f
˜‡
r
P
l
z
j
e
g
Ka
na
cha
gňa
ta
na
tha
na
pa
k
a
u
y
t
H
s
w
d
ma
ya
ra
la
va
zha
la
tra
na
Page
12
Parliament of India
Vowels & Consonants (Hindi) Continued….
सामा/य संयुWत Gयंजन
_
`
a
B
b
ksa
tra
jña
śhra
dda tta
fय पg
5
h
dya
pra
ṭra
rpa
cत
d
eम
eय
fव
dma
hma
hya
dra
Antilla – World’s Most
Expensive Residential
Building – Mumbai,
Page
13
India.
Vowels & Consonants (Tamil) Continued….
tlbkhÊ vG¤J¡fŸ
(Vadamozhi Ezhuthukkal)
[
õ
A
#
B
sa
sha
ha
ja
ksha
in Velluor, Tamil Nadu.
Page
The Golden Temple, One of the Tourist place
14
These letters are taken from Hindi to Tamil. They had same
pronunciation in Tamil as Hindi.
Language: Hindi
@हंद वणgमाला (तालका)
Alphabets (Chart)
अ
आ
इ
ई
उ
ऊ
ऋ
ए
अजगर
आम
इमल<
ईख
उhलू
ऊंट
ऋCष
एड़ी
Ajgar
Aam
Imli
Eekh
Ulluu
Oonth
Rishi
Aedi
ऐ
ओ
औ
अं
अः
ऐनक
ओखल<
औरत
अंगरू
सiभवतः
Ainak
Okhli
Aurat
Angur
Somvab
-otah
क
ख
ग
घ
ङ
च
छ
ज
कबत
ू र
खरगोश
गमला
घर
ङ
चरखा
छतर<
जहाज
Kabutar
Khargosh
Gamla
Ghar
Dha
Charka
Chatri
Jhahaz
झ
ञ
ट
ठ
ड
ढ
ण
त
झंडा
ञ
टमाटर
ठठे रा
डमZ
ढ2कन
ण
तराजू
Jhanda
ña
Tamatar
Thathera
Damru
Dhakkan
aṇa
Taraju
थ
द
ध
न
प
फ
ब
भ
थरमस
दवात
धनष
ु
नल
पतंग
फल
बतख
भालू
Tharmas
Davaat
Dhanush
Nal
Patang
Fal
Batakh
Bhalu
म
य
र
ल
व
श
ष
स
मछल<
यa
र5सा
लड़क
वन
शरबत
षटकोण
सRजी
Machli
Yagya
Rassa
Ladki
Vann
Sharbath
Shatkone
Sabji
ह
हथौड़ा
Page
15
Hathoda
Language: Tamil
உயெம எ
க
Alphabets (Chart)
அ
ஆ
இ
ஈ
உ
ஊ
எ
ஏ
ஐ
ஒ
ஓ
ஔ
க
கா
கி
கீ
ெக
ேக
ைக
ெகா
ேகா
ெகௗ
ங
ஙா
ங
ங
ெங
ேங
ைங
ெஙா
ேஙா
ெஙௗ
ச
சா
சி
சீ
ெச
ேச
ைச
ெசா
ேசா
ெசௗ
ஞ
ஞா
ஞ
ஞ
ெஞ ேஞ ைஞ
ெஞா
ேஞா
ெஞௗ
ட
டா
ெட
ெடா
ேடா
ெடௗ
ண ணா ண
ண ைட
ெண ேண ைண ெணா ேணா ெணௗ
த
தா
தி
த
"
#
ெத
ேத
ைத
ெதா
ேதா
ெதௗ
ந
நா
நி
ந
%
&
ெந
ேந
ைந
ெநா
ேநா
ெநௗ
!
ப
பா
ப
ப
(
)
ெப
ேப
ைப
ெபா
ேபா
ெபௗ
"
ம
மா
மி
ம+
,
- ெம ேம ைம ெமா ேமா ெமௗ
ய
யா
ய
ய
/
0
ெய
ேய
ைய
ெயா
ேயா
ெயௗ
ர
ரா
2
3
4
5
ெர
ேர
ைர
ெரா
ேரா
ெரௗ
#
ல
லா
லி
7
8
9
ெல
ேல
ைல
ெலா
ேலா
ெலௗ
$
வ
வா
வ
வ
;
<
ெவ
ேவ
ைவ
ெவா
ேவா
ெவௗ
%
ழ
ழா
ழி
ழ
>
?
ெழ
ேழ
ைழ
ெழா
ேழா
ெழௗ
ள
ளா
ளA
ள
B
C
ெள
ேள
ைள
ெளா
ேளா
ெளௗ
&
ற
றா
றி
ற
E
F
ெற
ேற
ைற
ெறா
ேறா
ெறௗ
'
ன
னா
னA
ன
H
I ென ேன
ைன
ெனா
ேனா
ெனௗ
16
ேட
Page
ஃ
Language: Hindi
:गनती
Page
17
Counting
Hindi
Pronunciation
Hindi
०
Shoonya
शू0य
१
Ek
एक
२
Do
दो
३
Teen
तीन
४
Chaar
चार
५
Paanch
पाँच
६
Cheh
छह
७
Saat
सात
८
Aath
आठ
९
Nau
नौ
१०
Das
दस
११
Gyaarah
¥यारह
१२
Baarah
बारह
१३
Terah
तेरह
१४
Chaodah
चौदह
१५
Pandrah
प0¦ह
१६
Solah
सोलह
Language: Tamil
v©fŸ
Pronunciation
Tamil
0
Suzhiyam, Pūjyam
RÊa«, ó{a«
1
Ondru
x‹W
2
Erandu
ïu©L
3
Mūntru
_‹W
4
Naanku
eh‹F
5
Ainthu
#ªJ
6
Aatru
MW
7
Ezhu/Elu
VG
8
Ettu
v£L
9
Onpathu
x‹gJ
10
Pathu
g¤J
11
Pathinontru
gêbdh‹W
12
Pannirendu
g‹Åbu©L
13
Pathinmūntru
gâ‹_‹W
14
Pathinaanku
gâdh‹F
15
Pathinainthu
gâidªJ
16
Pathinaatru
gâdhW
Page
Tamil
18
Counting
Page
19
Counting (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Pronunciation
Hindi
१७
Satrah
सAह
१८
Athaarah
अठारह
१९
Unnees
उ0नीस
२०
Bees
बीस
२१
Ikkees
इ2क स
२२
Baaees
बाईस
२३
Tees
तेईस
२४
Chaobees
चौबीस
२५
Pachchees
पnचीस
२६
Chhabbees
छRबीस
२७
Sattaaees
सताईस
२८
Atthaaees
अ§ाईस
२९
Unatees
उनतीस
३०
Tees
तीस
३१
Ikatees
इकतीस
३२
Battees
बतीस
३३
Taintees
त+तीस
३४
Chaontees
च¨तीस
३५
Paintees
प+तीस
Pronunciation
Tamil
17
Pathinēzhu/
Pathinēlu
gândG
18
Pathinettu
gâbd£L
19
Paththonpathu
g¤bjh‹gJ
20
Irupathu
ïUgJ
21
Irupaththontru
ïUg¤bjh‹W
22
Irupaththirandu
ïUg¤âu©L
23
Irupaththumūntru
ïUg¤J_‹W
24
Irupaththunaanku
ïUg¤Jeh‹F
25
Irupaththainthu
ïUg¤ijªJ
26
Irupaththaatru
ïUg¤jhW
27
Irupaththēzhu/
Irupaththēlu
ïUg¤njG
28
Irupaththettu
ïUg¤bj£L
29
Irupaththonpathu
ïUg¤bjh‹gJ
30
Muppathu
K¥gJ
31
Muppaththontru
K¥g¤bjh‹W
32
Muppaththuirandu
K¥g¤J ïu©L
33
Muppaththu Mūntru
K¥g¤J _‹W
34
Muppaththu Naanku
K¥g¤J eh‹F
35
Muppaththainthu
K¥g¤ijªJ
Page
Tamil
20
Counting (Tamil) Continued….
Page
21
Counting (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Pronunciation
Hindi
३६
Chhattees
छतीस
३७
Saintees
स+तीस
३८
Addtees
अड़तीस
३९
Unataalees
उनताल<स
४०
Chaalees
चाल<स
४१
Ikataalees
इकताल<स
४२
Bayaalees
बयाल<स
४३
Taintaalees
त+ताल<स
४४
Chaovaalees
चवाल<स
४५
Paintaalees
प+ताल<स
४६
Chhiyaalees
'छयाल<स
४७
Saintaalees
स+ताल<स
४८
Addtaalees
अड़ताल<स
४९
Unchaas
उनचास
५०
Pachaas
पचास
५१
Ikyaavan
इ2यावन
५२
Baavan
बावन
५३
Tirapan
'तरपन
५४
Chaovan
चौवन
Pronunciation
Tamil
36
Muppaththaatru
K¥g¤jhW
37
Muppaththēzhu/thēlu
K¥g¤njG
38
Muppaththettu
K¥g¤bj£L
39
Muppaththonpathu
40
Naatrpathu
41
Naatrpaththontru
K¥g¤bjh‹gJ
eh‰gJ
eh‰g¤bjh‹W
42
Naatrpaththu Irandu
eh‰g¤J ïu©L
43
Naatrpaththu Mūntru
eh‰g¤J _‹W
44
Naatrpaththu Naanku
eh‰g¤J eh‹F
45
Naatrpaththainthu
eh‰g¤ijªJ
46
Naatrpaththaatru
eh‰g¤jhW
47
Naatrpaththēzhu/
thēlu
eh‰g¤njG
48
Naatrpaththettu
eh‰g¤bj£L
49
Naatrpaththonpathu
eh‰g¤bjh‹gJ
50
Aimpathu
I«gJ
51
Aimpaththuontru
I«g¤bjh‹W
52
Aimpaththu Irandu
I«g¤J ïu©L
53
Aimpaththu Mūntru
I«g¤J _‹W
54
Aimpaththu Naanku
I«g¤J eh‹F
Page
Tamil
22
Counting (Tamil) Continued….
Page
23
Counting (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Pronunciation
Hindi
५५
Pachpan
पचपन
५६
Chhappan
छmपन
५७
Sattaavan
सतावन
५८
Atthaavan
अ§ावन
५९
Unasath
उनसठ
६०
Saath
साठ
६१
Ikasath
इकसठ
६२
Baasath
बासठ
६३
Tiresath
'तरे सठ
६४
Chaonsath
च¨सठ
६५
Painsath
प+सठ
६६
Chhiyaasath
'छयासठ
६७
Saddsath
सड़सठ
६८
Addsath
अड़सठ
६९
Unahattar
उनहतर
७०
Sattar
सतर
७१
Ikahattar
इकहतर
७२
Bahattar
बहतर
७३
Tihattar
'तहतर
Pronunciation
Tamil
55
Aimpaththainthu
I«g¤ijªJ
56
Aimpaththaatru
I«g¤jhW
57
Aimpaththēzhu/thēlu
58
Aimpaththettu
I«g¤njG
I«g¤bj£L
59
Aimpaththonpathu
I«g¤bjh‹gJ
60
Atrupathu
mWgJ
61
Atrupaththontru
mWg¤bjh‹W
62
Atrupaththu Irandu
mWg¤J ïu©L
63
Atrupaththu Mūntru
mWg¤J _‹W
64
Atrupaththu Naanku
mWg¤J eh‹F
65
Atrupaththainthu
mWg¤ijªJ
66
Atrupaththaatru
mWg¤jhW
67
Atrupaththēzhu/thēlu
mWg¤njG
68
Atrupaththettu
mWg¤bj£L
69
Atrupaththonpathu
mWg¤bjh‹gJ
70
Ezhupathu/Elupathu
vGgJ
71
Ezhupaththontru
vGg¤bjh‹W
72
Ezhupaththu Irandu
vGg¤J ïu©L
73
Ezhupaththu Mūntru
vGg¤J _‹W
Page
Tamil
24
Counting (Tamil) Continued
Page
25
Counting (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Pronunciation
Hindi
७४
Chaohattar
चौहतर
७५
Pachahattar
पचहतर
७६
Chhihattar
'छहतर
७७
Satahattar
सतहतर
७८
Athahattar
अठहतर
७९
Unasee
उनासी
८०
Assee
अ5सी
८१
Ikyaasee
इ2यासी
८२
Bayaasee
बयासी
८३
Tiraasee
'तरासी
८४
Chaoraasee
चौरासी
८५
Pachaasee
पचासी
८६
Chhiyaasee
'छयासी
८७
Sattaasee
सतासी
८८
Atthaasee
अ§ासी
८९
Navaasee
नवासी
९०
Nabbe
नRबे
९१
Ikyaanabe
इ2यानबे
९२
Baanabe
बानबे
Counting (Tamil) Continued….
Tamil
Pronunciation
Tamil
74
Ezhupaththu Naanku
vGg¤J eh‹F
75
Ezhupaththainthu
vGg¤ijªJ
76
Ezhupaththaatru
77
Ezhupaththēzhu
78
Ezhupaththettu
vGg¤jhW
vGg¤njG
vGg¤bj£L
79
Ezhupaththonpathu
80
Enpathu
vGg¤bjh‹gJ
v©gJ
81
Enpaththontru
v©g¤bjh‹W
82
Enpaththu Irandu
83
Enpaththu Mūntru
v©g¤J
ïu©L
v©g¤J _‹W
84
Enpaththu Naanku
v©g¤J eh‹F
85
Enpaththainthu
v©g¤ijªJ
86
Enpaththaatru
v©g¤jhW
87
Enpaththēzhu/thēlu
v©g¤njG
88
Enpaththettu
v©g¤bj£L
89
Enpaththonpathu
v©g¤bjh‹gJ
90
Thonnūtru
91
Thonnūtrtru Ontru
bjh©ûW
bjh©û‰W
x‹W
92
Thonnūtrtru Irundu
Page
26
bjh©û‰W
ïu©L
Page
27
Counting (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Pronunciation
Hindi
९३
Tiraanabe
'तरानबे
९४
Chaoraanabe
चौरानबे
९५
Panchaanabe
पंचानबे
९६
Chhiyaanabe
'छयानबे
९७
Sattaanabe
सतानबे
९८
Atthaanabe
अ§ानबे
९९
Ninyaanabe
'न0यानबे
१००
Sau
सौ
The sphinx and the pyramid, Egypt
Counting (Tamil) Continued….
Tamil
93
Thonnūtrtru Mūntru
94
Thonnūtrtru Naanku
95
Thonnūtrtruainthu
bjh©û‰W
_‹W
bjh©û‰W
eh‹F
bjh©û‰iwªJ
96
Thonnūtrtraatru
bjh©û‰whW
97
Thonnūtrtrezhu
bjh©û‰nwG
98
Thonnūtrtrettu
bjh©û‰bw£L
99
Thonnūtrtruonpathu
bjh©û‰bwh‹
gJ
100
Nūtru
üW
Grand Mosque, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
28
Pronunciation
Page
Tamil
Language: HINDI
संयुWत Gयंजन
Consonant Combination
Page
29
1st 2nd Conjunct
Example
Transcription
Translation
क्
र
ª
ªां'त
Kranti
Revolution
क्
स
2स
तकमा
Takma
Hook eye
क्
ल
2ल
2लास
Klâs
Class
क्
य
2य
2या
Kya
What
ख्
य
«य
मु«य
Mukhya
Main
ग्
र
d
अंdेज़ी
Angrezî
English
ग्
य
¥य
¥यारह
Gyârah
Eleven
च्
च
nच
बnचा
Bachchâ
Child
च
छ
nछ
अnछा
Achchhâ
Good
T
ट
¬
छु¬ी
Chhuttî
Vacation
T
र

े न
Tren
Train
®
र
¯
¯ाइव करना
Drâiv karnâ
To drive
ण्
ट
°ट
घ°टा
Ghantâ
Hour
ण्
ड
°ड
पि°डत
Pandit
Pandit
त्
न
न
पनी
Patnî
Wife
o
ध
q
बुq
Buddha
Buddha
o
र
¦
दर¦
Daridra
Poor
o
व
oव
oवार
Dvâr
Gate
Language: TAMIL
T£L bkŒbaG¤J¡fŸ
2nd
Conjunct
Example
Transcription
Translation
¡
m
f
f©
Kan
Eye
¡
M
fh
fhf«
Kaakam
Crow
¡
ï
»
»Ë
Kili
Parrot
¢
m
r
rªij
Santhai
Market
¢
M
rh
rhiy
Saalai
Road
¢
ï
á
á§f«
Singam
Lion
Š
m
P
PkÈ
Gnamali
Dog
Š
M
Ph
PhÆW
Gnaayitru
Sun
£
m
l
Fl«
Kudam
Pot
£
M
lh
Tlhu«
Koodaaram
Tent
©
m
z
m©z
‹
Annan
Brother
Page
1st
30
(Kuttu Meiyyezhuththukkal)
Consonant Combination
Page
31
Consonant Combination (Hindi) Continued….
1st 2nd Conjunct
Example
Transcription
Translation
न्
त
0त
इ0तज़ार
Intazâr
Wait
न्
स
0स
±ा0स
Frâns
France
प्
र
ेम
Prem
Love
फ़्
त
²त
ह²ता
Haftâ
Week
ब्
ब
Rब
मुहRबत
Muhabbat
Love
ब्
र
³
क़³
Kabr
Tomb
भ्
र
µ
µ9टाचार
Brashtachar
Corruption
म्
ब
iब
कiबल
kambal
Blanket
म्
ह
iह
तi
ु हारा
Tumhârâ
Your
र्
च
च%
मच%
Mirch
Pepper
र्
त
त%
म'ू त%
Mûrti
Statue
र्
थ
थ%
Cवoयाथ¶
Vidyârthî
Student
र्
फ़
फ़%
सफ़%
Sirf
Only
र्
य
य%
सूय·दय
Sûryoday
Dawn
र्
स
स%
कुस¶
Kursî
Chair
ल्
म
hम
फ़hम
Film
Film
व्
र
¸
¸त
Vrat
Fast
स्
क
5क
5कूल
Skûl
School
स्
ज
5ज
मि5जद
Masjid
Mosque
स्
ट
5ट
5टे शन
Steshan
Station
स
त
5त
रा5ता
Râstâ
Road
स्
थ
5थ
सं5थापक
Sansthâpak
Founder
स्
न
5न
5नान
Snân
Bath
2nd
Conjunct
Example
Transcription
Translation
©
M
zh
f©zho
Kannaadi
Mirror
¤
m
j
fjî
Kadhavu
Door
¤
M
jh
jhkiu
Thaamarai
Lotus
ª
m
e
ef«
Nakam
Nail
ª
M
eh
ehza«
Naanayam
Coin
¥
m
g
glF
patagu
Boat
«
m
k
ku«
Maram
Tree
«
M
kh
khj«
Maatham
Month
Œ
m
a
Kaš
Muyal
Rabbit
Œ
M
ah
ahid
Yaanai
Elephant
®
m
u
Fu§F
Kurangu
Monkey
®
M
uh
uh#h
Raajaa
King
š
m
y
cyf«
Ulagam
World
š
M
yh
Ãyh
Nilaa
Moon
›
m
t
tWik
Vatrumai
Poverty
Page
1st
32
Consonant Combination (Tamil) Continued….
Page
33
Consonant Combination (Hindi) Continued….
1st
2nd
Conjunct
Example
Transcription
क्
ष
f
तf शला
Taksha-shilâ
ज
ञ
a
aान
Jyân(gyan)
Former name of
Taxila
Knowledge
त्
त
त
इकतीस
Ikattîs
Thirty-one
त्
र
A
सAह
Satrah
Seventeen
o
म
¹
प¹
Padma
Lotus
न्
न
0न
उ0नीस
Unnîs
Nineteen
श्
च
Eच
पिEचम
Pashchîm
West
श्
र
B
Bीलंका
Shrîlankâ
Sri Lanka
श्
व
Eव
CवEव-
Vishvavidyâlay
University
Cवoयालय
Translation
The Hotel Taj Heritage Wing, The New Taj and
The Gateway of India, Mumbai, India.
2nd
Conjunct
Example
Transcription
Translation
›
M
th
thŸ
Vaal
Sword
œ
m
H
FHªij
Kuzhanthai /
Kulanthai
Child
Ÿ
m
s
Fs«
Kulam
Pond
‰
m
w
gwit
Patravai
Bird
‰
M
wh
òwh
Putraa
Dove
‹
m
d
thd«
Vaanam
Sky
‹
M
dh
ikdh
Mainaa
Name of Bird
Hogenakkal Falls in Tamil Nadu, South India
Page
1st
34
Consonant Combination (Tamil) Continued….
Language: HINDI
श?द0 और वाWय0 का नमाgण
Formation of Words & Sentences
मा`ाओं के श?द
6बना मा`ा के श?द
शहर, मटर, कलश, नमक, शलगम, अजगर, बरतन, बचपन, गरदन, कसरत,
पहन, चमक, पवन, महल, गगन, बटन, पतझड़, अनपढ़, खटमल, गड़बड |
शबनम पनघट पर चल | अकबर कसरत कर | रमन गड़बड़ मत कर |
अहमद शरबत चख | कमल उठ कर पA पढ़ | पवन महल तक चल |
आ " " क1 मा`ा के श?द
जाल, माल, राजा, पाठ, काला, बादल, आकार, पागल, नाटक, समाज,
कमला, बाजार, गाजर, बनवास, बलवान, पाठशाला, आसमान, भगवान,
खानदान, रामबाण|
राजा आया | राम अपना पाठ याद कर | कमला खाना गरम कर|
माधव पाठशाला चल | कल आसमान साफ था |
कमल बाजार जा कर गाजर ला |
Page
35
Harivansh Rai Bachchan,
A Famous Writer of India
Language: TAMIL
brhš cUth¡f« & bjhl®fŸ (th¡»a§fŸ)
Formation of Words & Sentences
(xÈ) F¿fs‰w brh‰fŸ
efu«, g£lhÂ, fyr«, c¥ò, ¿ùÐîæèùÐ, ešygh«ò,
gh¤âu«, FHªij¥gUt«, fG¤J, cl‰gÆ‰á, mÂjš, ãufhr«,
fh‰W, khËif, thd«, g£l‹, ïiyÆšyh ku«, ghku®,
_£il¥ó¢á, cg¤âut«.
õ¥d« Ú®Ãiy¡F th / m¡g® cl‰gÆ‰á brŒ / uk‹
cg¤âut« brŒahnj / mAk¤ gH¢rhW Fo / fkš vGªJ foj«
go / gt‹ khËif tiu th.
‘M’ xÈíila brh‰fŸ :
tiy, bghUŸ, uh#h, ghl«, fU¥ò, nkf«, cUt«,
ig¤âa«, ehlf«, r_f«, fkyh, rªij, nfu£, tdthr«, gyrhÈ,
gŸË, Mfha«, flîŸ, FL«g« (Fy«), uhkghz« (cl‹ga‹
jU« j¥gh kUªJ)
uh#h tªjh‹ / uh« cäÐÄéìá ghl¤ij ëäçÐçèìëÐ âòáÐ /
fkyh czit¢ Nlh¡F / khj› gŸË¡F¥ ngh / ne‰W Mfha«
bjËthf ïUªjJ / fkš rªij¡F¢ br‹W nfu£ th§» th.
Page
36
Thiruvalluvar Tamil poet and philosopher, whose
contribution to Tamil literature is
the Thirukkural.
Formation of Words & Sentences (Hindi) Continued….
इ "@द " क1 मा`ा के श?द
.दन, कCव, Oचºड़या, करण, Cवजय, Cवकास, सतार, रCववार, Cपता, कताब,
OगरOगट, Oचराग, Cवशाल, शकार, Cवनाश, .हरण, श'नवार|
करण .हरण पकड़ | Cवजय कलम ला | Cवकास सतार बजा |
कल रCववार था | माता Cपता का आदर कर |
Cवशाल कश मश मत खा | कताब पढ़ |
ई "गी " क1 मा`ा क1 श?द
दाद<, गीत, नानी, शीशा, पानी, साड़ी, धरती, कहानी, पीतल, शीतल,
द<पक, मकड़ी, द<पावल<, अलमार<, नीला, महावीर, पीपल, असल<,
लकड़ी, सरकार< |
र<ना अपना पाठ याद कर | गीता पाठशाला चल |
सीता बाज़ार जा |
दाद< लाल नील< साड़ी लायी | सीता सबक लाडल< थी |
र<ना द<वाल< पर आयी थी |
उ "बु " क1 मा`ा के श?द
पुल, गुण, बुन, पुA, तम
ु , पशु, साबुन, मधरु , कुसुम, गुलाब, सुनार,
दक
ु ान, हलुआ, सुमन |
मुनमुन मधरु गीत गा | सुनार क दक
ु ान पर चल |
अतुल हलुआ खा | सुमन अपनी गुºडया उठा |
Page
37
अब खश
ु ी खश
ु ी घर चल | कुसुम गुलाब लगा |
Formation of Words & Sentences (Tamil) Continued….
‘ï’ xÈíila brh‰fŸ :
ehŸ (âd«, gfš, »Hik), fÉP®, gwit, fâ®fŸ, bt‰¿,
ts®¢á, ájh® (ïir¡fUÉ) PhÆ‰W¡ »Hik, m¥gh, ò¤jf«,
Xzh‹, És¡F, bgÇa, nt£il, mÊî, kh‹, rÅ¡»Hik.
»u‹ khid¥ ão / É#Œ ngdh bfh©L th / Éfh°
ájh® thá / ne‰W PhÆ‰W¡ »Hik / jhŒ jªijaiu kâ /
ò¤jf« go.
‘<’ xÈíila brh‰fŸ :
gh£o, gh£L, gh£o, f©zho, j©Ù®, òlit, óÄ, fij,
ã¤jis, FË®¢á, És¡F (xË), áyªâ, ê©çèôó¨, mykhÇ, Úy«,
kAhåu®, murku«, czÐikahd, e¨£khd, ku«, muR.
ßdh c‹ ghl¤ij kdd« brŒ / Ñjh gŸË¡F¢ brš /
Ójh rªij¡F¢ brš / gh£o Úy«, át¥ò òlitfŸ bfh©L
tªjhŸ / Ñjh všnyhU¡F« ãÇakhdtŸ / ßdh ÔghtË¡F
tªâUªjhŸ.
‘c’ xÈíila brh‰fŸ :
ghy«, Fz«, ã‹Djš, kf‹, Ú§fŸ, ÄUf«, nrh¥ò,
ïÅik, ó, nuh#h, bgh‰bfhšy‹, fil, mšth, —.
K‹K‹ ïÅa ghlš ghL / bgh‰bfhšy® fil¡F¥
nghfyh« / mJš mšth rh¥ãL / Rk‹ c‹ bgh«ikia vL /
ï¥bghGJ k»œ¢áahf å£o‰F¢ brš / FR« nuh#h¢ broia
Page
38
eL.
Formation of Words & Sentences (Hindi) Continued….
ऊ " फू" क1 मा`ा के श?द
चह
ू ा, राम,ू फूल, मीनू, पूजा, झूला, खन
ू , लूट, आशू, भालू, झूम, डूबा, सूरज,
खजूर, कसूर, मूरत, सूरत, चरू न, मजदरू , तरबूज, कबूतर |
रामू फूल लाया | मीनू पूजा कर | रामू आलू लाया | सूरज तरबूज खा |
भालू झूम झूम कर नाचा | सूरज डूबा | मजदरू घर चला गया |
ऋ " क1 मा`ा के श?द
वf
ृ , गह
ृ ा, कृषक, कृतa, पथ
ृ क, अमत
ृ |
ृ , कृपा, कृCष, घण
ए " ये " क1 मा`ा के श?द
नये, सेब, शेर, पेट, रे ल, पेड, आये, केला, मेला, सहे ल<, करे ला, सफेद, रमेश,
उसके, सबने, गाने, गाये, सुरेश, कपड़े, सवेरा, मेहमान, मले शया, परे शान,
मेहनत |
रमेश के साथी उसके घर आये | सबने मलकर गाने गाये | सुरेश नये कपड़े
पहन | सेब खर<द के ला | सवेरा हुआ | रमेश सीधे अपने घर जा |
ऐ " बै " क1 मा`ा के श?द
बैल, सैर, कैद, शैल<, थैला, मैला, सै'नक, है रान, मैदान, वैशाल<, तैरने, भैया,
मैदान, कैलाश, पैदल, शैतान, है दराबाद, बैलगाड़ी, फैजाबाद, नैनीताल|
कैलाश पैदल सैर करने चल | शैल< क बहन वैशाल< तैरने जा रह< है |
Page
39
मेरे भैया का नाम कैलाश है | भैरव मैदान म@ घूम कर आ |
कैलाश थैला उठा कर ला |
Formation of Words & Sentences (Tamil) Continued….
‘C’ xÈíila brh‰fŸ : vÈ, uhK, ó, Û}, ó#h, CŠrš,
u¤j«, bfhŸis, Mê, fuo, mirjš, _œFjš, NÇa‹, ngß¢ir,
ãiH (jtW), áiy, ËæëÐ, TÈahŸ, j®órÅ, òwh.
uhK ó bfh©L tªjh‹ / Û} ói# brŒ / uhK cUis¡
»H§F bfh©L ôåÐêèäÐ / Nu{ j®órÂ rh¥ãL / fuo (Mo
Mo) mirªJ mirªJ eld« òè¨åÐêJ / NÇa‹ kiwåÐêJ /
ntiyahŸ å£o‰F¢ br‹W É£lh‹.
‘U’ xÈíila brh‰fŸ :
ku«,
åL,
êéá,
îtóèúÐéë,
mUtU¥ò, ÉtrhÆ, åäÐ÷¨±óÐó, jÅ¤jÅ, m«Uj«.
‘v’ xÈíila brh‰fŸ :
ku«,
tªjh®fŸ,
òâa, M¥ãŸ, á§f«, tÆW, uÆš,
thiH¥gH«,
âUÉHh,
njhÊ,
ghf‰fhŒ,
bt©ik, unkZ, mtDéìá, mtSéìá, mtUéìá, všnyhU«,
ghlšfŸ, ghodh®fŸ, RnuZ, JÂfŸ, fhiy, ÉUªâd®,
knyáah, bjhªjuî, ciH¥ò.
unkÎ‹ e©g®fŸ íôÄéìá å£o‰F tªjd® /
všnyhU« nr®ªJ ghlš ghod® / RnuZ ò¤jhil mÂ / M¥ãŸ
th§» th / fhiy ÉoªjJ / unkZ neuhf e« å£o‰F¢ brš.
‘I’ xÈíila brh‰fŸ :
fhis,
eil,
ifJ,
ghÂ,
iç,
mG¡F, gilåu‹, Éa¥ò, éëêèäëÐ, itrhÈ, Ú¢rš, m©z‹,
ifyhZ (ifyhakiy) elªJ, ir¤jh‹, iAjuhgh¤, kh£L
t©o, ig#hgh¤, ieÅlhš.
ifyhZ elªnj bršyyh« / iõÈÆ‹ rnfhjÇ itõhÈ
Page
R‰¿ th / ifyhZ igia vL¤J th.
40
Úªj¢ brš»whŸ / v‹ m©z‹ bga® ifyhZ / iguùÐ âliy¢
Formation of Words & Sentences (Hindi) Continued….
ओ " मो " क1 मा`ा के श?द
मोर, चोर, बोल, तोल, मोटा, होल<, शोर, गोला, जोती, मोती, छोर<, कोयल,
लोमड़ी, मोहन, सोहन, आओ, नाचो, गाओ, ढोल, लड़ो, झगड़ो, सबको, लगाओ,
खरगोश, दोपहर|
होल< का .दन है | गल< गल< म@ शोर मचा है |
मोहन सोहन आओ | नाचो गाओ ढोल बजाओ |
कसी के साथ लड़ो झगड़ो नह<ं | सबको गले लगाओ |
औ "कौ " क1 मा`ा के श?द
फ़ौज, कौआ, सौदा, गौर<, मौसी, कौन, दौड़ा, कौशल, नौकर, गौरव,
कचौर<, तौ लया, »खलौना, कौशhया, औजार, औलाद, >बछौना, सौदागर,
चौक दार|
कौशल ने नौकर को बुलाया | नौकर दौड़ा दौड़ा आया |
गौरव और सौरभ ने कचौर< खाई | कौशल तौ लया ला |
कौशhया अपना »खलौना ला |
अं " " या "◌ँ" क1 मा`ा के श?द
डंक, कंस, अंधा, घंट<, शंकर, पतंग, बसंत, मं.दर, मंगलवार, मं.दर,
बंगाल, माँ, बाँस, मँुह, चाँद, हँसते, आँगन, बाँसुर<, साँवरा, आँचल,
आँवला |
शंकर पतंग मत उड़ा | मंगलवार के .दन मं.दर म@ जा |
गंगाराम क बंगाल< मठाई ला | हँसते रहो |
Page
41
माँ का मँुह चाँद सा सुंदर है | आँगन म@ बाँसुर< बजा |
Formation of Words & Sentences (Tamil) Continued….
‘X’ xÈíila brh‰fŸ :
kÆš, âUl‹, brhš, ms, gUk‹, nAhÈ, r¤j«,
cU©il, Rl®, K¤J, nrhÇ (bg©iz¡F¿¡F« brhš) FÆš,
eÇ, nkhA‹, nrhA‹, th, ÍÌ, ghL, nks«, r©il îçèÌ, órš,
všnyhU¡F«, ïiz¤jš, Kaš, kâa«.
nAhÈ ehŸ / bjU¤bjUthf xnu r¤j« / nkhA‹
nrhA‹ th / ML, ghL, nks« bfh£L / ahUlD« r©il
nghlhÔ®fŸ / všnyhiuí« miz¤J¡ bfhŸ.
‘xs’ xÈíila brh‰fŸ :
uhQt«, fhf«, ÉáèçèõëÐ, bfsÇ, á¤â, ah®? Xodh‹,
âwik, bfhsõš, ntiyahŸ, bfsut«, æâòóõ¨ (ðøÕôéæáèä
ê¨äÐçúªìëÐ), J©L, bgh«ik, bfsršah, fUÉ, thÇR, gL¡if,
tÂf‹, fhtyhË.
bfsõš ntiyahis miH¤jh‹ / ntiyahŸ Xo
tªjh‹ / bfsu› k‰W« brsu› ïUtU« æâòóè¨ c©lh®fŸ /
bfsõš J©L bfh©L th / bfsršah Éisah£L¥
bghUis¡ bfh©L th.
Page
42
‘m«’ xÈíila brh‰fŸ :
bfh£Ljš, f‹° (f«r‹), ÆÕìäÐ, kÂ, r§f®, g£l«,
trªj fhy«, Mya«, br›thŒ»Hik, t§fhs«, m«kh, _§»š,
thŒ Ãyh, áÇ¤J¡ bfh©L, Ë÷Ð÷ëÐ, òšyh§FHš, átªj Ãw«,
Kªjhid, bešÈ.
r§f® g£l« gw¡f Élhnj / br›tha‹W Mya« brš /
f§fhuhÄ‹ t§fhs ïÅ¥ò bfh©L th / áÇ¤J¡ bfh©nl
ïU / m«khÉ‹ Kf« Ãyit¥ nghš mHfhf cŸsJ / thrÈš
Ã‹W òšyh§FHš CJ.
Formation of Words & Sentences (Hindi) Continued….
दो श?द0 और वाWय0 का नमाgण
अब, रथ, चल, टब, जल, भर, पढ़, नथ, घर, बस, फल,
थल, पल, चढ़, वह, सब, जग, नल, इस, खट, चख |
बस चढ़ । घर चल । फल चख । टब रख । जग मत भर । वह टब भर । नल
पर चल। अब जल भर। आम चख। रथ पर मत चढ़ । अब घर चल।
इस बस पर चढ़ । खट खट मत कर।
तीन श?द0 और वाWय0 का नमाgण
नहर, मचल, कमल, शहद, मटर, कलम, सफर, नरम, इधर, उधर, बटन, महल,
पकड़, आदत, सफल|
शहद चख । बतख पकड़ । नकल मत कर।
कलम इधर रख । समझ कर पढ़ ।
Page
43
इधर उधर मत भाग। बटन ब0द कर ।
His Highness Sultan’s Palace,
Zanzibar, Oman.
Formation of Words & Sentences (Tamil) Continued….
Page
The Big Ben, London
44
‘ïU brhš bjhluh¡f«’ (Formation of Two word sentences) :
ï¥bghGJ, uj«, el, bgÇa gh¤âu«, j©Ù®, å¨é÷, go,
_¡F¤â, åL, nghJ«, gH«, óÄ, Éeho, VWjš, mt‹, mtŸ,
mJ, všnyhU«, cyf«, FHhŒ, ïªj, Rit.
g° VW / å£o‰F¢ brš / gH« rh¥ãL / bgÇa gh¤âu«
it / #¡if Ãiw¡fhnj (Ãu¥ghnj) / mªj bgÇa gh¤âu¤ij
Ãu¥ò / FHhŒ¡F¢ brš / ï¥bghGJ j©Ù® Ãu¥ò /
kh«gH¤ij¢ Rit / uj¤âš Vwhnj / ï¥bghGJ å£o‰F¢ brš /
ïªj ngUªâš VW / r¤j« âòáÐáènj.
‘_‹W brhš bjhluh¡f«’ (Formation of Three word sentences):
fhšthŒ, åéëòÐòùÐ, jhkiu, nj‹, g£lhÂ, ngdh, gaz«,
ÄUJthd, ï§F m§F, g£l‹, khËif, ão, gH¡f«, bt‰¿.
njid¢ Rit / th¤ij¥ ão / fh¥ã mo¡fhnj /
ngdhit ï§F it / òÇªJ go / ï§F« m§F« Xlhnj /
g£lid îçèL.
Language: HINDI
भाषा और Gयाकरण
Language & Grammar
भाषा, ल2प और Gयाकरण
"भाषा वह साधन है , िजसके मा]यम से हम सोचते ह+ तथा अपने Cवचार को
1य2त करते ह+।"
मनु9य, अपने भाव तथा Cवचार को दो कार, से कट करता है १.बोलकर (मौ»खक)
२. लखकर ( ल»खत)
१.मौlखक भाषा:- मौ»खक भाषा म@ मनु9य अपने Cवचार या मनोभाव को
बोलकर कट करते ह+। मौ»खक भाषा का योग तभी होता है ,जब Bोता सामने
हो। इस मा]यम का योग फ़hम, नाटक, संवाद एवं भाषण आ.द म@ अOधक
होता है ।
२.लlखत भाषा:- भाषा के ल»खत Zप म@ लखकर या पढ़कर Cवचार एवं
मनोभाव का आदान-दान कया जाता है । ल»खत Zप भाषा का 5थायी
मा]यम होता है । पु5तक@ इसी मा]यम म@ लखी जाती ह+।
भाषा और बोल:भाषा, जब कोई कसी बड़े भू-भाग म@ बोल< जाने लगती है , तो उसका fेAीय
भाषा Cवक सत होने लगता है । इसी fेAीय Zप को बोल< कहते ह+। कोई भी बोल<
Cवक सत होकर सा.हय क भाषा बन जाती है । जब कोई भाषा पर'नि9ठत
होकर सा.हियक भाषा के पद पर आसीन होती है , तो उसके साथ ह< लोकभाषा
या Cवभाषा क उपि5थ'त अ'नवाय% होती है । कालांतर म@ , यह< लोकभाषा
पर'नि9ठत एवं उ00त होकर सा.हियक भाषा का Zप dहण कर लेती है । आज
Page
45
जो .ह0द< हम बोलते ह+ या लखते ह+, वह खड़ी बोल< है , इसके पव
ू % अवधी, ³ज,
मैOथल< आ.द बो लयाँ भी सा.हियक भाषा के पद पर आसीन हो चक
ु ह+।
Language: TAMIL
bkhÊ & ïy¡fz«
Language & Grammar
bkhÊ, vG¤J k‰W« ïy¡fz« :
xU
bkhÊ
ekJ
v©z§fis
btË¥gL¤Jtj‰F«,
áªâ¥gj‰F« Äf¢áwªj mÇa rhjd« MF«.
kÅj‹ j‹ cz®îfis, áªjidfis ïUtÊfËš
btË¥gL¤J»wh‹.
1. ng¢R Kiw
2. vG¤J Kiw
1. ng¢R Kiw :
jdJ v©z§fis kÅj‹ ng¢á‹ (brhšÈ‹) _y«
btË¥gL¤J»wh‹.
ng¢R bkhÊÆ‹ ga‹ghL v‹gJ
vâÇÈU¥gt®fŸ òÇªJ bfhŸS« nghJjh‹ KGikah»wJ.
âiu¥gl«, ehlf«, îçòÐà, âòh‰bghÊî, M»ait ïâš
ml§F«.
Page
bkhÊ k‰W« ng¢R :
vªj bkhÊ mâf ïl§fËš, mâf k¡fshš ngr¥gL»wnjh
mJ ng¢R bkhÊahF«. xU îçòÐà âëèÈ¨ ôóèÐòÐò¨áéìåªÊ åèóéìô¨ùÐ
¬ùæÐæ¨á âëèÈ¨áèæ¨÷Ê. øÕ âëèÈ¨ Ëê¨èÐòÐò¨ íéìåÐÊ ¬ùæÐæ¨á âëèÈ¨
öäÐæ¨÷ êÆê¨éá íéì±ëÐâçèÇÊ íêÄìäÐ ÊéúâëèÈ¨ ¬ÕçÐçÊ ë¨æ
íôò¨áëÐ. åèóéìô¨ùÐ ¬åÐê ÊéúâëèÈ¨îá ôóèÐòÐò¨áéìåÐÊ ¬ùæÐæ¨á
âëèÈ¨áèæ¨÷Ê.
46
2. vG¤J Kiw :
ï«KiwÆš kÅj‹ j‹Dila v©z§fis¤ bjËthf
vGâí«, go¤J¡ fh©ã¤J« btË¥gL¤J»wh‹. ï«Kiw Ãiy¤j
j‹ikíilaJ. ïj‹ ts®¢áailªj tot« v‹gJ ïy¡»a§fŸ
(m) ò¤jf§fŸ MF«.
Language & Grammar (Hindi) Continued….
@ह/द तथा अ/य भाषाएँ:- संसार म@ अनेक भाषाएँ बोल< जाती है । जैसे -अंdेजी,
Zसी, जापानी, चीनी, अरबी, .ह0द<, उद% ू आ.द। हमारे भारत म@ भी अनेक
भाषाएँ बोल< जाती ह+। जैसे - बंगला, गज
ु राती, मराठ½, उºड़या, त मल,तेलगु
आ.द। .ह0द< भारत म@ सबसे अOधक बोल< और समझी जाती है । .ह0द< भाषा
को संCवधान म@ राजभाषा का दजा% .दया गया है ।
ल2प:- लCप का शािRदक अथ% होता है - ल»खत या Oच>Aत करना। ]व'नय को
लखने के लए िजन Oच¾न का योग कया जाता है ,वह< लCप कहलाती है ।
येक भाषा क अपनी अलग लCप होती है । .ह0द< क लCप दे वनागर<
है ।.ह0द< के अलावा-सं5कृत, मराठ½,ककणी,नेपाल< आ.द भाषाएँ भी दे वनागर<
म@ लखी जाती ह+।
Gयाकरण:- 1याकरण वह Cवoया है ,िजसके oवारा कसी भाषा का शुq बोलना
या लखना जाना जाता है । 1याकरण भाषा क 1यव5था को बनाये रखने का
काम करता है । 1याकरण भाषा के शुq एवं अशुq योग पर ]यान दे ता है । इस
कार, हम कह सकते ह+ क येक भाषा के अपने 'नयम होते ह+,उस भाषा का
1याकरण भाषा को शुq लखना व बोलना सखाता है । 1याकरण के तीन मु«य
Cवभाग होते ह+ :१.वणg -2वचार:- इसम@ वण¿ के उnचारण, Zप, आकार, भेद, आ.द के सiब0ध
म@ अ]ययन होता है ।
२.श?द -2वचार:- इसम@ शRद के भेद, Zप,योग तथा उपित का अ]ययन
कया जाता है ।
३.वाWय -2वचार:- इसम@ वा2य 'नमा%ण, उनके कार, उनके भेद, गठन, योग,
Page
47
आ.द पर Cवचार कया जाता है ।
Language & Grammar (Tamil) Continued….
Page
48
Ïªâí« ãwbkhÊfS« : cyf¤âš gybkhÊfŸ ngr¥gL»‹wd.
rh‹whf, M§»y«, UZabkhÊ, #¥ghÅa bkhÊ, Ód«, muã, Ïªâ,
cUJ ngh‹wit. ïªâahÉY« gy bkhÊfŸ ngr¥gL»‹wd.
rh‹whf, (t§fhs«) F#uh¤â, kuh¤â, xo[h, jÄœ, bjY§F,
f‹dl«, kiyahs«, gŠrhã, cUJ ngh‹wit. ït‰WŸ ïªâa
k¡fŸ bgU«gh‹ikÆduhš ngr¥gLtJ«, òÇªJ bfhŸs¥gLtJ«
Ïªâ bkhÊahF«.
vG¤J : vG¤J v‹gJ vGj¥gLtJ.
vG¤ij c¢rÇ¡f¥
ga‹gL¤J« xÈiana eh« vG¤jhf¥ ga‹gL¤J»nwh«. x›bthU
bkhÊí« jÅ¤j‹ikahd vG¤J tot¤ij¡ bfh©lit. ïªâÆ‹
vG¤J tot« ‘njtehfÇ’ v‹gjhF«. ïJ k£LÄ‹¿ rk°»Uj«,
kuh¤â, bfh§fÂ, neghË ngh‹wití« ‘njtehfÇf’ tot¤ij¢
rh®ªjitnaahF«.
ïy¡fz«: : xU bkhÊia¥ ãiHÆ‹¿¥ ngrî«, vGjî« ga‹gLtJ
m«bkhÊÆ‹ ïy¡fzkhF«. ïy¡fz« v‹gJ bkhÊÆ‹
f£lik¥ã‰F
mo¥gilahdJ.
xU
bkhÊ
ãiHahfnth,
ãiHÆ‹¿nah ngr¥gLtij (m) vGj¥gLtij ïy¡fznk
Ô®khÅ¡»wJ. cy»‹ x›bthU bkhÊ¡F« ïy¡fz« c©L (xU
áy bkhÊfŸ jÉu). ïy¡fznk m«bkhÊia¥ ãiHÆ‹¿¥ ngrî«
vGjî« JizòÇ»‹wJ. ïªj ïy¡fz« K¡»akhd _‹W
ãÇîfis cilaJ.
1. vG¤ây¡fz« 2. brhšÈy¡fz« 3. bjhlÇy¡fz«
vG¤ây¡fz« : vG¤ây¡fz« v‹gJ mj‹ c¢rÇ¥ò, cUt«,
ntWghL M»at‰iw cŸsl¡»aJ.
brhšÈy¡fz« : brhšÈy¡fz« v‹gJ ntWghL, cUt«, ga‹ghL,
brhšyh¡f« M»at‰iw cŸsl¡»aJ.
bjhlÇy¡fz« : bjhlÇy¡fz« v‹gâš bjhluh¡f«, tiffŸ,
ntWghL, brhš bjhFâ, ga‹ghL, M»ait ml§F«.
Language: HINDI
पाngस ऑफ पीच
Parts of Speech
In order to get the proper sequence of words and to deliver
the correct message, we must understand the different categories or
parts of speech.
Eight different parts of speech have been identified in the
English language, on the basis of which one can create and deliver a
sentence with the proper content and message.
कसी भी वा2य को लखने या बोलने के लए शRद के समूह का उपयोग कया
जाता है । वा2य म@ मौजूद संदेश को सह< भाव और अथ% म@ पेश कर पाना ह< एक
अnछे भाषा के जानकार क सह< पहचान है ।
शRद के उपयोग के कार और वा2य के भाव से तय होता है क वा2य कस
Bेणी का है । शRद के सह< उपयोग को समझने के लये Cवशेषa ने उ0ह@ आठ
म«
ु य वग¿ म@ बाँटा है । इन वग¿ को English भाषा म@ Parts of Speech और
.हंद< म@ शRद-भेद कहते ह+।
आठ कार के Parts of Speech (शRद-भेद) इस कार ह+:
संaा (Noun):
वह शRद जो कसी 1यि2त, 5थान या व5तु के नाम के Zप म@ योग कया
जाता है उसे संaा कहते ह+।
MARSWilliam
Shakespeare a
Great English Poet &
Page
49
Playwright
Language: TAMIL
ng¢á‹ TWfŸ
Parts of Speech
In order to get the proper sequence of words and to deliver
the correct message, we must understand the different categories or
parts of speech.
Eight Differnent parts of speech have been identified in the
English language, on the basis of which one can create and deliver a
sentence with the proper content and message.
vªj xU bjhliuí« ngRtj‰nfh, vGJtj‰nfh
brh‰fË‹ T£lik¥ò njit¥gL»wJ. áwªj bkhÊ v‹gJ
k‰wt®¡F¥ òÇí« tifÆš miktnj MF«.
xU bjhliu¥ òÇªJ bfhŸtJ v‹gJ m¤bjhlÇš
ga‹gL¤j¥gL« brh‰bwhFâia¥ bghW¤J mik»wJ.
brhšÈy¡fz« v£L gFâfis cilaJ
bga® (Noun) : kÅj‹, bghUŸ, ïl«, ngh‹wt‰iw¡ F¿¥gJ
bga®¢brh‰fshF«.
Charles John
Huffam Dickens
(1812 – 1870) was a
Great English writer
Page
50
and social Critic.
Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
सवgनाम (Pronoun):
सव%नाम वह शRद है जो संaा के 5थान पर योग कया जाता है ।
2वशेषण (Adjective):
Cवशेषण वह शRद है जो संaा का वण%न करता है या उनके बारे म@ संकेत दे ता है ,
जैसे क रं ग-Zप, गुण-दोष, सं«या, आ.द।
()या (verb):
िजस शRद या शRद समूह से काम का करना या होना पाया जाए उसे ªया
कहते ह+|
()या 2वशेषण (Adverb):
()या 2वशेषण वह श?द है जो ()या, 2वशेषण या अ/य ()या 2वशेषण के अथg
को सध
ु ारे या उसक1 2वशेषता 5कट करे ।
स9ब/ध सूचक अGयय (Preposition):
स9ब/ध सच
ू क अGयय वह श?द है जो (कसी संaा या सव%नाम के साथ 5योग
(कया जाता है और जो उस संaा या सव%नाम का स9ब/ध (कसी दस
ू रे संaा या
सव%नाम से 5दशgत करता है ।
समुrचयबोधक अGयय (Conjunction):
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51
समn
ु चयबोधक अ1यय वह शRद है जो दो शRद या वा2य को जोड़ता है ।
Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Page
Curiosity, a car-sized robotic rover. First Misson in
52
ãuâ bga®¢brhš (Pronoun) : bgaU¡F¥ gâyhf¥
ga‹gL¤j¥gLgit ãuâ bga®¢brh‰fshF«.
bgauil¢brhš (Adjective) : bga®¢brh‰fË‹ áw¥ig
(áw¥ã‹ikia) btË¥gL¤j¥ ga‹gL¤j¥gLgit.
Éid¢brhš (Verb): braiy¡ F¿¥gJ Éid vd¥gL«.
m›Éidia¡ F¿¡F« brhš Éid¢brhš.
Éidba¢r« (Adverb): K‰W¥ bgwhj Éidia¡ F¿¤J
tUgit Éidba¢r«.
K‹Åil¢brhš
(Proposition):
bga®¢brhš
(m)
ãuâbga®¢brhšÈ‰F K‹ghf tU« brhš K‹Åil¢brhš.
ïiz¥ò¢ brhš (Conjunction) :
ïU brh‰fis (m)
bjhl®fis ïiz¡F« brhš ïil¢brhš MF«.
Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
2वमया@दबोधक अGयय (Interjections)
िजन शRद से शोक, Cव5मय, घण
ृ ा, आEचय% आ.द भाव 1य2त ह, उ0ह@
Cव5मया.द बोधक अ1यय कहा जाता है । जैसे - अरे ! तुम कब आए?, बाप रे
बाप! इतनी तेज आंधी, वाह! तुमने तो कमाल कर .दया आ.द । Cव5मया.द
बोधक अ1यय का योग सदा वा2य के आरiभ म@ होता है । इनके साथ
Cव5मया.दबोधक Oच0ह! अवEय लगाया जाता है ।
Page
53
Writers Building, Kolkata, India
Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Page
Sky Tower, Auckland, New Zealand
54
Éa¥ãil¢ brhš (Interjections):
cz®îfis (cz®¢áfis) btË¥gL¤j¥ ga‹gL« brhš.
nrhf«, M¢r®a«, mUtU¥ò ngh‹w cz®îfis btË¥gL¤j¥
ga‹gLtJ.
(v.fh) VŒ! Ú v¥bghGJ tªjhŒ?
m¥ghlh!
ï›tsî ntfkhd òaš fh‰wh?
ãukhj«!
ïâš, cz®îfis¡ F¿¤J tU« brh‰fŸ bjhlÇ‹
bjhl¡f¤ânyna mikí«. ïj‰FÇa F¿pLfŸ bjhlÇ‹
ïWâÆš tU«.
श?द-भेद का 2ववरण
संaा (Noun)
कसी 1यि2त, पशु, पfी, व5तु, 5थान, भाव या अव5था के नाम को
संaा कहते ह+|
जैस:े
1यि2त (Person) - राम, Eयाम, मोहन, आ.द|
पशु पfी (Animals) - शेर, घोड़ा, हाथी, मोर, कबूतर, आ.द|
व5तु (Thing) - पु5तक, कुस¶, घड़ी, मेज, दरवाजा, आ.द|
5थान (Place) - .दhल<, बiबई, म¦ास, आ.द|
उदाहरण :
१. मुकेश पु5तक पढ़ता है |
२. .दhल< भारत क राजधानी है |
३. शेर वन म@ रहता है |
४. गंगा का जल पCवA है|
५. Oचºड़याँ उड़ रह< ह+|
६. मेहनती को सफलता मलती है |
ऊपर लखे वा2य म@ लाल रं ग वाले शRद, 1यि2त, व5तु, 5थान, तथा
Page
55
कसी भाव का बोध कराते ह+, इ0ह@ संaा कहते ह+|
Siegfried Marcus's First Steam Engined Car
brh‰bwhFâÆ‹ tiuaiw
(Description of Parts of Speech)
bga®¢brhš (Noun) :
kÅj‹, Éy§F, gwit, bghUŸ, ïl«, cz®î (m) Ãiy
ït‰iw cŸsl¡»aJ.
(v.fh)
kÅj‹ (Person) – uh«, Zah«, nkhf‹ ngh‹wit.
gwit, Éy§F (Animals) – á§f«, Fâiu, ahid, kÆš, òwh
ngh‹wit.
bghUŸ (Thing) – ò¤jf«, eh‰fhÈ, fofhu«, nki#, fjî
ïitnghštd.
ïl« (Place) – âšÈ, K«ig, br‹id ngh‹wit.
v.fh. bjhl®fŸ
1. KnfZ ò¤jf« go¡»wh‹.
2. âšÈ ïªâahÉ‹ jiyefu«.
3. á§f« td¤âš tá¡F«.
4. f§if Ú® òÅjkhdJ.
5. ciH¥ghË¡F bt‰¿ »il¡F«.
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56
nkny bfhL¡f¥g£oU¡F« vL¤J¡fh£L bjhl®fËš
ml® Ãw¤âš ïU¥git kÅj‹, ïl«, bghUŸ, Éy§F, cz®î
M»a bga®¢ brh‰fis¡ F¿¡»‹wd.
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
संaा के 5कार (Types of Nouns):
GयिWतवाचक संaा (Proper Noun): कसी Cवशेष 1यि2त, ाणी,
व5तु या 5थान के नाम को 1यि2तवाचक संaा कहते ह+|
जैस:े ताजमहल, .हमालय, भारत, गंगा, इं.दरा गांधी आ.द|
जा तवाचक संaा (Common Noun): जब कोई संaा शRद एक ह<
कार के सभी ा»णय, व5तुओं, 5थान आ.द क पूर< जा'त का बोध
कराता है तो ऐसे शRद को जा'तवाचक संaा कहते ह+|
जैस:े गाय, शहर, नेता, पशु, फूल, बnचा, मकान, आ.द|
भाववाचक संaा (Abstract Noun): िजस संaा से कसी ाणी या
व5तु के कसी गुण, भाव या दशा (अव5था) का बोध होता है तो उसे
भाववाचक संaा कहते ह+|
जैस:े आEचय%, mयार, हँसी, अपमान, दख
ु , आ.द|
समूहवाचक संaा (Collective Noun): िजस संaा शRद से एक ह<
जा'त के 1यि2त या व5तुओं के समूह (dुप) का बोध होता है तो उसे
समूहवाचक संaा कहते ह+|
जैस:े दल, टोल<, सेना, परवार, कfा, आ.द|
7Gयवाचक संaा (Material Noun): िजस संaा शRद से कसी धातु,
¦1य या पदाथ% का बोध होता है तो उसे ¦1यवाचक संaा कहते ह+|
Page
57
जैस:े चीनी, लोहा, पानी, मटट<, दध
ू , पेोल, आ.द|
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
bga®¢ brhšÈ‹ tiffŸ(Types of Nouns):
áw¥ò¥ bga®¢brhš (Proper Noun) :
VnjD« áw¥ò bghUªâa kÅj‹, Éy§F, bghUŸ (m) ïl«
M»at‰iw
F¿¥gd
áw¥ò
bga®¢brhš
vdyh«.
(v.fh) jh{kAhš, ïkakiy, ïªâah, f§if, ïªâuhfhªâ
nghštd.
bghJ¥ bga®¢brhš (Common Noun) :
x£L bkh¤j kÅj®fŸ, Éy§FfŸ, ïl« M»at‰iw¡ F¿¤J
tUtd bghJ¥ bga®¢brhš.
(v.fh) gR, efu«, jiyt®, Éy§F, ó, FHªij, åL ngh‹wit.
g©ò¥ bga®¢brhš (Abstract Noun) :
kÅj kd¤â‹ cz®îfis btË¥gL¤J« brh‰fŸ g©ò¥
bga®¢brh‰fŸ MF«.
(v.fh) M¢r®a«, m‹ò, áÇ¥ò (eif), mtkhd«, tU¤j«
ngh‹wit.
FGk¥ (T£L¥) bga®¢brhš (Collective Noun):
jÅ¤jÅna F¿¡fhkš bkh¤jkhf nr®¤J F¿¡F« bga®fŸ.
(v.fh) FG, T£l«, tF¥ò, nguÂ nghštd.
bghU£ bga®¢brhš (Material Noun) :
fÅk«, âut«, âl¥bghUŸ ngh‹wt‰iw¡ F¿¡f¥ ga‹gL«
brh‰fŸ.
Page
58
(v.fh) r®¡fiu, ïU«ò, j©Ù®, k©, ghš, bg£nuhš ngh‹wd.
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Page
59
Noun Words
कुछ संaा के श?द
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Apple
सेब (seb)
Actor
अ भनेता (abhineta)
Aeroplane
Cवमान (viman)
Airport
हवाई अ®डा (hawai adda)
Army
सेना (sena)
Anger
ªोध (krodh)
Answer
जवाब (jawaab)
Arithmetic
अंकग»णत (ankganit)
Afternoon
दोपहर (dophar)
Bed
>ब5तर (bistar)
Book
पु5तक (pustak)
Boy
लड़का (ladka)
Banana
केला (kela)
Bird
पfी (pakshi)
Balloon
गुबारा (gubara)
Brick
Ãट (eent)
Brother
भाई (bhai)
Birthday
ज0म.दन (janamdin)
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
bga®¢ brh‰fŸ áy (Some Noun Words):
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Apple
M¥ãŸ (Aappil)
Actor
eof® (Nadikar)
Aeroplane
Mfha Ékhd« (Aagaaya Vimaanam)
jiu¥gil (Tharaippadai)
Anger
nfhg« (Kobam)
Answer
Éil/gâš (Vidai/Padhil)
Arithmetic
v©fÂj« (Enkanitham)
Afternoon
e©gfš (Nanpakal)
Bed
gL¡if (Padukkai)
Book
ò¤jf«/ò°jf« (Puththakam/Pusthakam)
Boy
iga‹/áWt‹ (Paiyan/Sitruvan)
Banana
thiH¥gH« (Vaazhaippazham)
Bird
gwit (Patravai)
Balloon
gÿ‹ (Balloon)
Brick
br§fš (Sengal)
Brother
rnfhju® (Sakotharar)
Birthday
ãwªj ehŸ (Pitranthanaal)
60
Army
Noun Words
Ékhd நிைலயJ ( Vimaana Nilaiyam)
Page
Airport
Page
61
Noun Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Butter
म2खन (makhan)
Basket
टोकर< (tokri)
Beggar
भखार< (bhikhari)
Bucket
बालट< (balti)
Breakfast
नाEता (nashta)
Cap
टोपी (topi)
Car
मोटर कार (motor car)
Cracker
पटाखा (patakha)
Cloth
कपड़ा (kapda)
Carpenter
बढ़ई (badai)
Dad
Cपता (pita)
Day
.दन (din)
Doll
गºु ड़या (gudiya)
Dust
म¬ी (mitti)
Desk
मेज़ (mez)
Doctor
Oचकसक (chikitsak)
Daughter
बेट< (beti)
Earthquake
भक
ू ं प (bhukamp)
Butter
bt©bzŒ (Venney)
Basket
Til (Kūdai)
Beggar
ã¢ir¡fhu‹ (Pichaikkaaran)
Bucket
thË (Vaali)
Breakfast
fhiy czî (Kaalai Unavu)
Cap
bjh¥ã / FšyhŒ (Thoppi /Kullaay)
Car
nkh£lh® t©o / fh®
(Motaarvandi / Car)
Cracker
g£lhR / bto (Pattaasu / Vedi)
Cloth
JÂ (Thuni)
Carpenter
j¢r® (Thachchar)
Dad
jªij / m¥gh (Thanthai / Appaa)
Day
ehŸ (Naal)
Doll
bgh«ik (Bommai)
Dust
öá / òGâ / JfŸ (Thūsi /Puzhuthi /
Thugal)
Desk
nki# (Mējai)
Doctor
kU¤Jt® (Maruththuvar)
Daughter
kfŸ (Magal)
Earthquake
óf«g« / ÃyeL¡f«
(Pūkambam / Nilanadukkam)
62
Meaning / Pronunciation
Page
Word
Noun Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Page
63
Noun Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Education
ताल<म (taalim)
Field
खेत (khet)
Flag
झंडा (jhanda)
Flower
फूल (phool)
Family
परवार (parivar)
Fight
लड़ाई (ladai)
Flesh
मास (mass)
Flavor
5वाद (swad)
Finger
उँ गल< (ungl)
Furniture
फ'न%चर (furniture)
Feather
पंख (pankh)
Girl
लड़क (ladki)
Gun
बंदक
ू (bandook)
Grass
घास (ghas)
Glue
गद (gond)
Hen
मुग¶ (murgi)
Heat
गम¶ (garmi)
Hill
पहाड़ (pahad)
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Education
fšÉ (Kalvi)
Field
taš / òy« / Ãy«
(Vayal / Pulam / Nilam)
Flag
bfho / ÉUJ (Kodi / Viruthu)
Fower
ky® / ó (Malar / Pū [Poo] )
Family
FL«g« (Kudambam)
Fight
r©il / í¤j« (Sandai / Yuththam)
Flesh
rij / ïiw¢á / khÄr« (Sadhai / Itraichchi
/ Maamisam)
Flavor
Rit / thrid (Suvai / Vaasanai)
Finger
Éuš (Viral)
Furniture
ku¢rhkh‹ (Marachchaamaan)
Feather
ïwF (Itragu)
Girl
bg© / áWÄ (Pen – Sitrumi)
Gun
J¥gh¡» (Thuppaakki)
Grass
òš (Pul)
Glue
gir / ãá‹ (Pasai / Pisin)
Hen
nfhÊ (Kozhi)
Heat
bt¥g« / NL (Veppam / Sudu)
(Kunru)
64
LE
Page
Hill
Noun Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Page
65
Noun Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Home
घर (ghar)
Hair
बाल (baal)
Honey
शहद (shad)
Hope
आशा (asha)
Health
तबीयत (tabiyat)
Kite
पतंग (patang)
Lake
झील (jheel)
Light
रोशनी (roshni)
Lock
ताला (tala)
Money
पैसा (paisa)
Music
संगीत (sangeet)
Nest
घसला (ghonsla)
Passenger
याAी (yaatri)
Pickle
अचार (achar)
Picture
त5वीर (tasvir)
Pleasure
हष% (harsh)
Pollution
दष
ू ण (pradushan)
Reward
इनाम (enaam)
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Home
åL / ïšy« (Vidu / Illam)
Hair
Ko / nuhk« (Mudi / Rōmam)
Honey
nj‹• (Then)
Hope
e«ã¡if (Nambikkai)
Health
clšÃiy / Mnuh¡»a« (Udalnilai /
Aarōkkiyam)
Kite
g£l« / fh‰who (Pattam / Kaatrtraadi)
Lake
VÇ (Ēri)
Light
btË¢r« / xË (Velichcham / Oli)
Lock
ó£L (Pūttu)
Money
gz« (Panam)
Music
ïir (Isai)
Nest
TL (Kūdu)
Passenger
gaÂ (Payani)
Pickle
CWfhŒ (Ūtrukaay)
Picture
gl« (Padam)
Pleasure
k»œ¢á (Magizhchchi)
(Maasu)
gÇR / btFkhd«
(Parisu / Vekumaanam)
66
Reward
மா
Page
Pollution
Noun Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Meaning / Pronunciation
Route
रा5ता (rasta)
Stranger
अजनबी (ajnabi)
Treatment
इलाज (elaaj)
Vegetable
सRज़ी (sabzi)
Visitor
अ'तOथ (atithi)
Wealth
सiपित (sampatti)
Weather
मौसम (mausam)
Noun Words
Word
Page
67
Carlow Fence – Ireland
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning/Pronounciation
Route
tÊ / ghij (Vazhi / Paathai)
Stranger
mªÃa® / òâat® (Anniyar / Puthiyavar)
Vegetable
fhŒf¿ (Kaaykatri)
Visitor
gh®itahs® (Paarvaiyaalar)/
வ4ைகயாளN (Varukaiyalar)
Wealth
bršt« / jd« (Selvam – Thanam)
Weather
fhyÃiy / ÓnjhZzÃiy
(Kaalanilai / Sithoshnanilai)
Ice Hotel Church, Sweden
Noun Words
(Natattum Vakai)
68
நடM"J வைக
Page
Treatment
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
सवgनाम (Pronoun)
जो शRद संaा के 5थान पर योग म@ आते ह+ उ0ह@ सव%नाम कहते ह+|
जैसे : म+, हम, तुम , तू, वह, यह, आप, जो, कोई, कुछ, जैसा, वैसा, िजसक
आ.द|
उदाहरण:
कुता बहुत भख
ू ा था| कुता इधर उधर भटक रहा था|कुते को खाने को कुछ
नह<ं मला| एक आदमी को कुते पर दया आई|
यहाँ 'कुता ' (संaा) शRद का बार बार योग ठ½क नह<ं लग रहा है | अब इ0ह<ं
वा2य को सव%नाम का योग कर के दोबारा लखते ह+|
कुता बहुत भख
ू ा था| वह इधर उधर भटक रहा था| उसे खाने को कुछ नह<ं
मला| एक आदमी को उस पर दया आई|
Sydney Opera
Page
69
House, Australia
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
ãuâ bga®¢brhš (Pronoun) :
Kuwait Towers, Kuwait
Page
70
bga®¢brhšÈ‰F¥ gâyhf¥ ga‹gL¤j¥gL« brhš ãuâ
bga®¢brhš vd¥gL«.
(v.fh)
eh‹, eh«, Ú§fŸ, Ú, mt‹, mtŸ, mJ, ït‹, ïtŸ,
ïJ, VjhtJ, áy, nghy, v¥go.... ngh‹wit.
(v.fh)
ehŒ x‹W Äfî« gánahoUªjJ. ehŒ m§F« ï§F«
ehŒ¡F
c©gj‰F
vJî«
miyªJ
bfh©oUªjJ.
»il¡fÉšiy. xU kÅjD¡F ehÆ‹ ÛJ gÇjhg« tªjJ.
nkny f©l bjhlÇš ehŒ v‹w bga®¢brhš mo¡fo
ga‹gL¤j¥g£LŸsJ.
mJ rÇa‹W.
ïnj bjhliu¥
ãuâbga®¢brhš ga‹gL¤â Û©L« vGj¥g£l bjhluhtJ....
ehŒ x‹W Äfî« gánahoUªjJ. mJ m§F« ï§F«
mj‰F
c©gj‰F
vJî«
miyªJ
bfh©oUªjJ.
»il¡fÉšiy. xU kÅjD¡F mj‹ ÛJ gÇjhg« tªjJ.
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
सवgनाम के 5कार
पु;षवाचक सवgनाम (Personal Pronoun): जो सव%नाम बोलने वाले, सुनने
वाले या कसी अ0य 1यि2त, िजसके बारे म@ बात क जा रह< है, के लए योग
कए जाते ह+, वो पु[षवाचक सव%नाम कहलाते ह+|
उदाहरण: म+, तुम, वह, हम, मेरा, हमारा, तुiहारा, आप, उसका, उनको, आ.द|
नचयवाचक सवgनाम (Definite Pronoun): जो सव%नाम कसी 1यि2त या
व5तु का 'निEचत बोध करते ह+ उ0ह@ 'नEचयवाचक सव%नाम कहते ह+|
उदाहरण:
यह कसक कताब है ?
वह घर मेरा है |
अ नचयवाचक सवgनाम (Indefinite Pronoun): िजन सव%नाम शRद से
कसी 'निEचत 1यि2त या व5तु का बोध न हो उ0ह@ अ'नEचयवाचक सव%नाम
कहते ह+|
उदाहरण:
दरवाज़े पर कोई है |
दध
ू म@ कुछ Oगर गया है |
5नवाचक सवgनाम (Interrogative Pronoun): िजन सव%नाम शRद का योग
Eन पछ
ू ने के लए कया जाता है उ0ह@ Eनवाचक सव%नाम कहते ह+|
उदाहरण:
Wया म+ अ0दर आ जाऊँ?
दरवाज़े पर कौन है ?
संबंधवाचक सवgनाम (Relative Pronoun): जो सव%नाम शRद वा2य म@ आए
संaा या सव%नाम का संबंध बताते ह+ उ0ह@ संबंधवाचक सव%नाम कहते ह+|
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71
उदाहरण:
जैसा करोगे वैसा भरोगे|
जो सcय बोलता है वह सदा खश
ु रहता है |
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
ãuâbga®¢brhš tiffŸ (Types of Pronoun) :
_Él¥ ãuâbga®¢brhš (Personal Pronoun) :
j‹ik, K‹Åiy, gl®¡if, xUik, g‹ikia¡ F¿¡F«
bga®¢brh‰fS¡F¥ gâyhf¥ ga‹gL¤j¥gL« ãuâbga®¢brh‰fŸ.
(v.fh)
eh‹, eh§fŸ, Ú§fŸ, v‹Dila, v§fSila,
c§fSila, mt‹, mtU¡F, mtD¡F..... ngh‹wit.
R£L¥ ãuâbga®¢brhš (Definite Pronoun) :
xU bghUis¡ F¿¥gj‰F¥ ga‹gL« R£L¢ brhšÈ‰F¥
gâyhf¥ ga‹gL¤J« ãuâbga®¢brhš.
(v.fh)
ïJ ahUila ò¤jf«? mJ v‹Dila åL.
R£lšyh ãuâbga®¢brhš (Indefinite Pronoun) :
R£lšyh bgaiu¡ F¿¡f¥ ga‹gL« ãuâbga®¢brh‰fŸ.
(v.fh)
thr‰goÆš ahnuh xUt® Ã‹W bfh©oU¡»wh®.
ghÈš Vnjh x‹W ÉGªJÉ£lJ.
Édh¥ ãuâbga®¢brhš (Interrogative Pronoun) :
Édhit¡
F¿¡f¥
ga‹gL«
brh‰fŸ
Édh¥
ãuâbga®¢brh‰fŸ MF«.
(v.fh)
v‹d? eh‹ cŸns tuyhkh? / thr‰goÆš ah®?
ïiz¥ò¥ ãuâbga®¢brhš (Relative Pronoun) :
Page
72
ïUntWg£l
bghUSila
bjhl®fis
ïiz¡F«
ãuâbga®¢brh‰fŸ.
(v.fh)
v¥go brŒthnah? m¥gona MthŒ / ah® c©ik
ngR»whndh? mt‹ v¥bghGJ« k»œ¢áahf ïU¥gh‹.
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
नजवाचक सवgनाम (Reflexive Pronoun): जो सव%नाम 'नज या'न '5वयं' के
लए योग कए जाते ह+ उ0ह@ 'नजवाचक सव%नाम कहते ह+|
उदाहरण:
म+ने यह केक खद
ु बनाया है |
वह अपने आप यहाँ आया है |
2वशेषण (Adjective)
जो शRद संaा या सव%नाम क Cवशेषता बताते ह+ उ0ह@ Cवशेषण कहते ह+|
जैस:े सु0दर, अnछा, लाल आ.द|
िजस शRद क Cवशेषता बताई जाती है उसे Cवशे9य कहते ह+|
उदाहरण:
स0
ु दर फूल: संद
ु र (Cवशेषण) फूल (Cवशे9य)
अnछा लड़का: अnछा (Cवशेषण) लड़का (Cवशे9य)
लाल कताब: लाल (Cवशेषण) कताब (Cवशे9य)
Example: He is a lazy boy.
यहाँ lazy शRद का योग boy के बारे म@ जानकार< दे ना है |
यह बताता है क लड़का आलसी है |
Here the word lazy describes the boy.
2वशेषण के 5कार
गुणवाचक 2वशेषण (Adjective of Quality): जो शRद संaा या सव%नाम शRद
म@ गुण अथवा दोष (रं ग, आकर, समय आ.द) बताएँ उ0ह@ गुणवाचक Cवशेषण
Page
73
कहते ह+|
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
ãuâgÈ ãuâbga®¢brhš (Reflexive Pronoun) :
(Noun) f®¤jh Éidia jhnd brŒtij¡ F¿¡F«
ãuâbga®¢brh‰fŸ ãuâgÈ ãuâbga®¢brhš vd¥gL«.
(v.fh)
ïªj nf¡if ehnd brŒnj‹.
mt‹ jhdhfnt ï§F tªjh‹.
bgauil¢brhš (Adjective) :
xU brhšÈ‹ (m) bgaÇ‹ (m) bghUË‹ áw¥ig
vL¤Jiu¡F« mil¢brh‰fŸ.
(v.fh)
mHfhd, ešy, átªj ngh‹wit.
(v.fh) bjhl®fŸ :
mHfhd ó : mHfhd (bgauil) ó (áw¥ò¡FÇa bga®)
ešy iga‹ : ešy (bgauil) iga‹ (áw¥ò¡FÇa bga®)
átªj ky® : átªj (bgauil) ky® (áw¥ò¡FÇa bga®)
Example: He is a lazy boy.
Lazy v‹w bgauil¢ brhš boy v‹w bgaiu¢ áw¥ã¤J
tªjJ.
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74
bgauil¢ brh‰fË‹ tiffŸ (Types of Adjectives) :
g©ò (Fz¥) bgauil (Adjective of Quality) :
vªj brhš bga® (m) ãuâbgaÇ‹ Fz«, F‰w« (Ãw«,
cUt«, fhy«) ngh‹wt‰iw¡ F¿¡»wnjh mJnt g©ò (m)
Fz¥ bgauil vd¥gL»wJ.
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
उदाहरण:
गुण: अnछा, बलवान, Cवoवान ् आ.द|
दोष: बुरा, लालची, पापी, आ.द|
रं ग: काला, पीला, हरा आ.द|
अव5था: लiबा, पतला, अ5व5थ आ.द|
काल: सवेरा, शाम, रात आ.द|
5वाद: ख¬ा, मीठा, नमक न आ.द|
संयावाचक 2वशेषण (Adjective of Number): जो शRद कसी संaा या
सव%नाम क सं«या संब0धी Cवशेषताएं बताएँ उ0ह@ सं«यावाचक Cवशेषण कहते
ह+|
उदाहरण: पांच बालक, दस आम, कुछ कपड़े, हजार फूल, दस
ू रा बnचा आ.द|
पAरमाणवाचक 2वशेषण (Adjective of Quantity): जो शRद कसी व5तु क
नाप तौल या माAा का बोध कराते ह+ उ0ह@ परमाणवाचक Cवशेषण कहते ह+|
उदाहरण: पांच ल<टर दध
ू , दो कलो आम, कुछ आटा, थोड़ा पानी, ज़रा सा
नमक आ.द|
संकेतवाचक या सावgनामक 2वशेषण (Demonstrative Adjective): जो
सव%नाम शRद संaा से पहले आकर उसक Cवशेषता बताते ह+, वे संकेतवाचक
Cवशेषण कहलाते ह+|
उदाहरण - यह OचA, वह लड़का|
I like that painting.
इस वा2य म@ that का उपयोग कौन सी painting पसंद है बताने लये कया
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75
गया है |
Page
In this sentence that points to the painting (thin
(v.fh)
Fz« (m) g©ò: ešyt‹, gyrhÈ, m¿thË, ngh‹wit.
F‰w« :
bf£lt‹, nguhir¡fhu‹, ghÉ ngh‹wit.
t©z« (Ãw«) : fU¥ò, kŠrŸ, g¢ir ngh‹wit.
Ãiy :
Ús«, bkÈjhd, Mnuh¡»ak‰w ngh‹wit.
fhy« :
fhiy, khiy, ïuî ngh‹wit.
Rit :
òË¥ò, ïÅ¥ò, ct®¥ò ngh‹wit.
v©Q¥bgauil (Adjective of Number) :
v©fis¡ (v©Â¡ifia) F¿¤J tU« bgauil¢
brh‰fŸ v©Q¥ bgauil MF«.
(v.fh)
IªJ FHªijfŸ, g¤J kh«gH§fŸ, áy JÂfŸ,
MÆu« ó¡fŸ, ïu©lhtJ FHªij nghštd.
msit¥ bgauil (Adjective of Quantity) :
vªj brhš msitia áw¥ã¤J¡ Tw ga‹gL»wnjh
mJnt msit¥ bgauil¢brhš vd¥gL«.
(v.fh)
IªJ È£l® ghš, 2 »nyh kh§fhŒ, bfhŠr« khî,
bfhŠr« j©Ù®, á¿J c¥ò ngh‹wd.
F¿¥ò¥ bgauil (Demonstrative Adjective):
vªj brhš xUtUila cz®¢áfis¤ bjËthfî«,
btË¥gilahfî« F¿¥ghš cz®¤J»wnjh mJ F¿¥ò¥
bgauil vd¥gL«.
(v.fh)
ïªj¥ gl«, mªj¥ iga‹
I like that Painting.
ïªj bjhlÇš that v‹D« F¿¥ò¥ bgauil Painting-I
cz®¤j¥ ga‹gL¤j¥g£LŸsJ.
In this Sentence that points to the Painting (thing).
76
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Page
77
Adjective Words
कुछ 2वशेषण के श?द
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Adorable
आरा]य (aaradya)
Alive
जीCवत (jeevit)
Better
बेहतर (behtar)
Careful
सावधान (savdhan)
Clever
चालाक (chalak)
Beautiful
ख़ब
ू सूरत (khubsurat)
Clean
5वnछ (swach)
Angry
ªोOधत (krodhit)
Elegant
मनोहर (manohar)
Fancy
अनोखा (anokha)
Glamorous
मोहक (mohak)
Handsome
सु0दर (sundar)
Long
लiबा (lamba)
Old-fashioned
पुराना (purana)
Red
लाल (lal)
Orange
नारं गी (narangi)
Yellow
पीला (peela)
Green
हरा (hara)
Description of Parts of Speech (Tami) Continued….
áy bgauil¢ brh‰fŸ
Adorable
bjhH¤j¡f (Thozhaththakka)
Alive
Better
Careful
Clever
cÆUŸs (Uyirulla)
áwªj (Sitrantha)
#h¡»uijahd (Jaakkirathaiyaana)
ò¤âE£gKŸs (Buththinutpamulla)
Beautiful
mHfhd/ïÅikahd (Azhagaana/Inimaiyaana)
Clean
öŒikahd (Thūymaiyaana)
Angry
nfhgkhd/ádKŸs (Kōbamaana/Sinamulla)
Elegant
ne®¤âahd (Nērththiyaana)
Fancy
òJikahd/Énehjkhd
(Puthumaiyaana/Vinōthamaana)
Glamorous
tÓfÇ¥gjhd (Vasikarippathaana)
mHfhd/bghU¤jkhd
(Azhagaana/Poruthamaana)
Úskhd (Nilamaana)
gHikahd/òuhjdkhd
(Pazhamaiyaana/Puraathanamaana)
Handsome
Long
Old-Fashion
Orange
átªj (Sivantha)
átªj kŠrŸ Ãwkhd (Sivantha Manchal
Yellow
kŠrshd (Manchalaana)
Green
gRikahd/g¢irahd
(Pasumaiyaana/Pachaiyaana)
Red
78
Meaning / Pronunciation
Page
Word
Adjective Words
(Some Adjective Words)
Page
79
Adjective Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Blue
नीला (neela)
Purple
जामन
ु ी (jamuni)
Gray
5लेट< (saleti)
Black
काला (kaala)
White
सफेद (safed)
Dead
'नज¶व (nirjeev)
Easy
आसान (aasaan)
Famous
सq (prasidh)
Gifted
गण
ु ी (guni)
Helpful
सहायक (sahayak)
Important
आवEयक (aavashyak)
Inexpensive
स5ता (sasta)
Powerful
शि2तशाल< (shaktishali)
Rich
अमीर (ameer)
Shy
शम¶ला (sharmeela)
Tender
नरम (naram)
Sparkling
चमकदार (chamakdaar)
Nervous
बेचन
ै (bechain)
Scary
डरावना (daravna)
Worried
Oचं'तत (chintit)
Blue
Purple
Úykhd/Mfha Úykhd
(Nilamaana/Aagaayanilamaana)
ïªâu Úykhd (Indira Nilamaana)
Gray
Black
rh«gš Ãwkhd (Saambal Nitramaana)
fUikahd (Karumaiyaana)
White
bt©ikahd (Venmaiyaana)
Dead
ïwªj/cÆu‰w (Itrantha/Uyiratrtra)
Easy
vËjhd/Rygkhd (Elithaana/Sulabamaana)
Famous
áw¥ghd/òfœbg‰w (Sitrappaana/Pugazhpetrtra)
âwikahd/mânkjhÉahd
(Thitramaiyaana/Athimēthaaviyaana)
cjÉíŸs (Uthaviyulla)
K¡»akhd/mtáakhd
(Mukkiyamaana/Avasiyamaana)
kÈthd (Malivaana)
r¡âíŸs (Sakthiyulla)
tskhd/Éiyía®ªj
(Valamaana/Vilaiyuyarntha)
ifted
Helpful
Important
Inexpensive
Powerful
Rich
Shy
bt£fKŸs/ehzKŸs
(Vetkamulla/Naanamulla)
Tender
ïsikahd/E£gkhd
(Ilamaiyaana/Nutpamaana)
Sparkling
ãufhrkhd (Prakaasamaana)
gakhd/mâ®¢áahd
((Bayamaana/Athirchchiyaana)
ga¤ij c©L g©Qtjhd
(Bayaththai Undu Pannuvathaana)
Nervous
Scary
Worried
mikâa‰w (Amaithiyatrtra)
80
Meaning / Pronunciation
Page
Word
Adjective Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Page
81
Adjective Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Brave
बहादरु (bahadur)
Calm
शांत (shaant)
Eager
उसुक (utsuk)
Faithful
इमानदार (emaandar)
Gentle
CवनÅ (vinamr)
Happy
आनि0दत (aanandit)
Kind
दयालु (dyalu)
Lively
.दलच5प (dilchasp)
Nice
अnछा (achha)
Broad
चौड़ा (chauda)
Crooked
टे ढ़ा-मेढ़ा (teda-meda)
Curved
वª (vakr)
Deep
गहरा (gehra)
High
उँ चा (uncha)
Low
नीचा (neecha)
Narrow
संक ण% (sankeern)
Round
गोल (gol)
Big
बड़ा (bada)
Fat
मोटा (mota)
Great
महान (mahaan)
Brave
ijÇaKŸs (Thairiyamulla)
Calm
mikâahd (Amaithiyaana)
ÉU¥gKŸs/MtšÄ¡f
(Viruppamulla/Aavalmikka)
c©ikahd (Unmaiyaana)
m‹ghd/kÇahijíŸs
(Anbaana/Mariyaathaiyulla)
k»œ¢áíŸs (Magizhchchiyulla)
Eager
Faithful
Gentle
Happy
Kind
jiaíŸs/ánefKŸs
(Thayaiyulla/Sinegamulla)
Lively
c‰rhf_£L»w/Rthu°akhd
(Utrchaagamuttugitra/Suvaarasyamaana)
Nice
ne®¤âahd/rÇahd (Nerththiyaana/Sariyaana)
Broad
mfykhd/bjËthd (Agalamaana/Thelivaana)
Crooked
tisªj/TDŸs (Valaintha/Kunulla)
Curved
tisªj (Valaintha)
Deep
MHkhd (Aazhamaana)
High
ca®thd (Uyarvaana)
Low
jhœthd/ÑHhd (Thaazhvaana/Kizhaana)
Narrow
neuhd (Neraana)
Round
t£lkhd (Vattamaana)
Big
bgÇa (Periya)
Fat
Great
F©lhd (Guntaana)
bgUikahd (Perumaiyaana)
82
Meaning / Pronunciation
Page
Word
Adjective Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Page
83
Adjective Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Huge
Cवशाल (vishaal)
Little
थोड़ा (thoda)
Deafening
कानफोड़ (kaanfod)
Faint
धीमी (dheeme)
Loud
जोर (jor)
Melodic
मधरु (madhur)
Noisy
कोलाहल (kolahal)
Quiet
शा0त (shaant)
Obedient
आaाकार< (aagyakaari)
Proud
गCव%त (garvit)
Thankful
आभार< (aabhari)
Victorious
Cवजयी (vijayee)
Witty
हािजर जवाब (haajir jawaab)
Square
चौकोर (chaukor)
Straight
सीधा (seedha)
Wide
चौड़ा (chauda)
Tall
लiबा (lamba)
Ancient
ाचीन (pracheen)
Bitter
कड़वा (kadva)
Delicious
5वा.द9ट (swadisht)
Huge
guªj/Äf¥bgÇa (Parantha/Migapperiya)
Little
á¿a/brh‰gkhd (Sitriya/Sotrpamaana)
Deafening
fhJnfshj (Kaathukelaatha)
Faint
Obedient
gaªj/js®ªj(Payantha/Thalarntha)
bgU¤j r¥jKŸs
(Perutha Sapthamulla)
nf£gj‰F ïÅikahd
(Ketpathatrkku Inimaiyaana)
r¤j« Ãiwªj
(Saththam Nitraintha)
rhªjkhd/Xira‰w
(Saanthamaana / Osaiyatrtra)
Ñœ¥gojYŸs (Kizhppadithalulla)
Proud
f®tKŸs/brU¡FŸs (Karvamulla/Serukkulla)
Thankful
e‹¿íŸs (Nantriyulla)
Victorious
bt‰¿ bg‰w (Vetrtri Petrtra)
Witty
eif¢RitíŸs (Nagaichchuvaiyulla)
Square
rJukhd/Ãahakhd
(Sathuramaana/Niyaayamaana)
Straight
neuhd/ne®ikahd (Neraana/Nermaiyaana)
Wide
mf‹w/guªj (Agantra/Parantha)
caukhd/c‹djkhd
(Uyaramaana/Unnathamaana)
g©ila/gH§fhy¤âa
(Pandaiya/Pazhankaalaththiya)
fr¥ghd/x›thj (Kasappaana/Ovvaatha)
Rití« kzK« bfh©l
(Suvaiyum Manamum Konda)
Loud
Melodic
Noisy
Quiet
Tall
Ancient
Bitter
Delicious
84
Meaning / Pronunciation
Page
Word
Adjective Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Page
85
Adjective Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Fresh
ताज़ा (taaza)
Greasy
Oचकना (chikna)
Juicy
रसदार (rasdar)
Hot
गरम (garam)
Icy
बफ़Æला (barfeela)
Nutritious
पौि9टक (poshtik)
Rotten
सड़ा (sada)
Salty
नमक न (namkeen)
Sticky
OचपOचपा (chipchipa)
Strong
बलवान (balwaan)
Sweet
मीठा (meetha)
Tasteless
बे5वाद (beswaad)
Uneven
असमतल (asamtal)
Weak
कमजोर (kamjor)
Wooden
लकड़ी का (lakdi ka)
Broken
टूटा-फूटा (toota-foota)
Cold
ठं डा (thanda)
Dirty
गंदा (ganda)
Warm
गरम (garam)
Fresh
òâa/g¢irahd
(Puthiya/Pachchaiyaana)
v©bzŒ¥ giríŸs
(Enneyppasaiyulla)
rhW Ãiwªj (Saatru Nitraintha)
bt¥gkhd (Veppamaana)
Äf¡FË®ªj (Migak Kulirntha)
r¤JŸs (Saththulla)
mG»a/cgnahfk‰w
(Azhugiya/Ubayogamatrtra)
Greasy
Juicy
Hot
Icy
Nutritious
Rotten
Salty
c¥ò¡fÇ¡»‹w (Uppukkarikkintra)
Sticky
F¢á/cWâahd
(Kuchchi/Utruthiyaana)
âlkhd/fLikahd
(Thidamaana/Kadumaiyaana)
ïÅ¥ghd (Inippaana)
Uáa‰w (Rusiyatrtra)
Strong
Sweet
Tasteless
Uneven
rkk‰w/nkLgŸskhd
(Samamatrtra/Medupallamaana)
Weak
Cold
Dirty
gyk‰w/bkÈªj
(Balamatrtra/Melintha)
ku¤J¥nghd/ïu¡fk‰w
(Maraththuppona/Irakkamatrtra)
cilªj/xG§f‰w
(Udaintha/Ozhungatrtra)
FË®ªj (Kulirntha)
mG¡fhd (Azhukkaana)
Warm
btJbtJ¥ghd (Vethuvethuppaana)
Wooden
Broken
86
Meaning / Pronunciation
Page
Word
Adjective Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Page
87
Adjective Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Wet
गीला (geela)
Empty
र2त (rikt)
Full
भरा हुआ (bhara hua)
Heavy
भार< (bhaari)
Light
हhका (halka)
Many
कई (kayi)
Japan Mount Fiji, Japan
Wet
<ukhd (Iramaana)
Empty
fhÈahd (Kaaliyaana)
Full
Ãiwªj/Ãu«ãa
(Nitraintha/Nirambiya))
Heavy
fdkhd/gSthd (Kanamaana/Paluvaana)
Light
nyrhd/Rygkhd
(Lesaana/Sulabamaana)
Many
gy/mnefkhd (Pala/Anegamaana)
Matterhorn Mountain, Switzerland
88
Meaning / Pronunciation
Page
Word
Adjective Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
()या (Verb)
िजस शRद या शRद समूह से काम का करना या होना पाया जाए उसे ªया
कहते ह+|
उदाहरण:
बnचे पाक% म@ खेल रहे ह+| मेरे दो5त ने मुझे एक उपहार .दया|
Cपता जी सोफे पर बैठे ह+| मेर< माँ ने खाना बनाया|
()या के 5कार
सकमgक ()या (Transitive Verb) : िजन ªया म@ यह पता चलता है क काय%
कस पर कया जा रहा है उ0ह@ सकम%क ªया कहते ह+|
उदाहरण:
बालक फल खाता है | 2या खाता है? : फल
नेहा दध
ू पीती है | 2या पीती है? : दध
ू
माँ कपड़े धोती है | 2या धोती है?: कपड़े
मेर< प5
ु तक खो गई है | 2या खो गई है ? : प5
ु तक
यहाँ "2या" Eन का उतर मल जाता है | यहाँ फल, दध
ू , कपड़े शRद कम% ह+,
इनके >बना ये वा2य अधरू े ह+| यह सब ªयाय@ (खाना, पीना, धोना) सकम%क
ह+|
Apple’s First
Page
89
Computer
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Éid (Verb):
vªj brhš Éidia¡ (braiy) F¿¡»wnjh mJ Éid¢ brhš
vd¥gL«.
(v.fh)
FHªijfŸ ó§fhÉš ÉisahL»wh®fŸ.
vdJ e©g‹ gÇR bfhL¤jh‹.
m¥gh ïU¡ifÆš mk®ªâU¡»wh®.
v‹ m«kh rik¤jh®fŸ.
ÉidfË‹ tiffŸ (Types of Verbs) :
bra¥gLbghUŸ F‹wh Éid (Transitive Verb) :
xU bghUS¡F¢ bršY« (m) xU bghUis¥ ghâ¡F«
Éidia¡ F¿¥gJ bra¥gLbghUŸ F‹wh Éid.
(v.fh)
iga‹ gH« rh¥ãL»wh‹ / v‹d rh¥ãL»wh‹? / gH«
nefh ghš Fo¡»whŸ / v‹d Fo¡»whŸ? / ghš
m«kh JÂ Jit¡»whŸ / v‹d Jit¡»whŸ? / JÂ
vdJ ò¤jf« bjhiyªJÉ£lJ / v‹d bjhiyªJ
É£lJ? / ò¤jf«
nk‰f©l bjhl®fËš v‹d?
v‹w nfŸÉ¡F¥ gâš
cŸsJ. ït‰¿š (gH«, ghš, JÂ, ò¤jf«) ïita‹¿ ïªj
Page
Jit¤jš, bjhiy¤jš) bra¥gL bghUŸ vd¥gL»wJ.
90
bjhl® K‰W¥bgwhJ. ïªj brašfŸ ahî« (rh¥ãLjš, Fo¤jš,
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
अकमgक ()या (Intransitive Verb): िजस ªया म@ कोई कम% नह<ं रहता है और
2या Eन का कोई उतर नह<ं मलता उ0ह@ अकम%क ªया कहते ह+|
उदाहरण:
बालक हँसता है |
नेहा सो रह< है |
माँ डरती है|
घोड़ा दौड़ता है |
यहाँ हँसना, सोना, डरना, दौड़ना सब ªया ह+ पर इनम@ "2या" Eन का उतर
Page
91
नह< मल पता है इस लए ये ªया अकम%क ह+|
Harvard University Campus,
Massachusetts, America
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
bra¥gLbghUŸ F‹¿a Éid (Inransitive Verb) :
xU bghUis¡F¿¡fhj (m) xU bghUis¥ ghâ¡fhj
Éidia¡ F¿¥gJ bra¥gLbghUŸ F‹wh Éid.
(v.fh)
iga‹ áÇ¡»wh‹.
nefh ö§F»whŸ.
m«kh ga¥gL»whŸ.
92
Oxford University Campus
Oxford, England
Mfnt ïJ
Page
ït‰¿š v‹d v‹w ÉdhÉ‰F Éil ïšiy.
bra¥gLbghUŸ F‹¿a Éid vd¥gL«.
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Page
93
Verb Words
कुछ ()या के श?द
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Admire
शंसा करना (prashansa karna)
Admit
भत¶ करना (bharti karna)
Adopt
गोद लेना (god lena)
Advise
सलाह दे ना (salah dena)
Agree
राज़ी होना (razi hona)
Alert
सचेत करना (sachet karna)
Alight
उतरना ( utarna)
Allow
अनम
ु 'त दे ना (anumati dena)
Apologize
fमा मागॅना (kshama mangna)
Argue
बहस करना (behas karna)
Arise
उठना (uthna)
Attempt
यास करना (pryas karna)
Attend
]यान दे ना (dhyan dena)
Attract
आकCष%त करना (akarshit karna)
Avoid
टालना (talna)
Awake
जागना (jagna)
Back
वापस लौटना (vapas lautna)
Balance
संतु लत करना (santulit karna)
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
áy Éid¢ brh‰fŸ (Some Verb Words):
(Meccu)
Admit
nr®¤J¡ bfhŸ (Serththuk kol)
Adopt
j¤J vL¤J¡ bfhŸ (Thaththu Eduththukkol)
Advise
m¿îiu TW (Atrivurai Kutru)
Agree
x¤J¡ bfhŸ (Oththukkol)
Alert
ÉÊ¥nghoU (Vizhippodiru)
Alight
ÑÊw§F (Kizhitrangu)
Allow
mDkâ (Anumathi)
Apologize
k‹Å¥ò nfŸ (Mannippu Kel)
Argue
Éthâ (Vivaathi)
Arise
vG/cjakhF (Ezhu/Udhayamaagu)
Attempt
Ka‰á brŒ (Muyatrchi Sey)
Attend
ftd« brY¤J (Kavanam Seluththu)
Attract
tÓfu« brŒ (Vasikaram Sey)
Avoid
jÉ®/É£LÉyF (Thavir/Vittuvilagu)
Awake
ÉÊ¤J¡bfhŸ (Vizhiththukkol)
Back
Balance
தி4Jப வP"
Verb Words
ெமO
(Thirumpi Vantu)
Ó®ö¡F/rÇf£L (Sirthukku/Sarikattu)
94
Admire
Meaning / Pronunciation
Page
Word
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Bathe
बhलेबाजी करना
( ballabaaji karna)
नहाना (nahana)
Battle
युq करना (yudh karna)
Beg
Cवनती करना (vinti karna)
Begin
शुZ करना (shuru karna)
Behave
बता%व करना (bartav karna)
Bite
काटना (katna)
Bleed
खन
ू बहना (khoon behna)
Borrow
उधार लेना (udhar lena)
Build
'नमा%ण करना (nirmaan karna)
Burn
जलना (jalna)
Call
बुलाना (bulana)
Care
परवाह करना (parvah karna)
Carry
उठाना (uthana)
Catch
पकड़ना (pakadna)
Challenge
चन
ु ौती दे ना (chunauti dena)
Change
बदलना ( badalna)
Chase
पीछा करना (peecha karna)
Cheat
धोखा दे ना (dhokha dena)
95
Verb Words
Bat
Page
Meaning / Pronunciation
Bat
íoÝ>_ (Adiththal)
Bathe
FËÝ>_ (Kulitthhal)
nghuhL>_/nghÇL>_
(Poraaduthal/Poriduthal)
ã¢irnfâ¦_/bfŠá¡nfâ¦_
(Pichchaikettal/Kegnchikkettal)
bjhl§F>_/Mu«ãÝ>_
(Thodanguthal/Aarambiththal)
Battle
Beg
Begin
Behave
Bite
elªJbfhŸÓ>_ (Nadanthukolluthal)
ï½Ý>_/f›î>_ (Kadiththal/Kavvuthal)
Bleed
FUâ toÝ>_ (Kuruthivadiththal)
Borrow
fl‹th§F>_ (Kadanvaanguthal)
Build
f£L>_/cUt«mikÝ>_
(Kattuthal/Uruvamamaiththal)
vÇÝ>_/bfhS¤J>_
(Eriththal/Koluththuthal)
T¥ãL>_/miHÝ>_
(Kuppiduthal/Azhaiththal)
Burn
Call
Care
Carry
ftÅÝ>_ (Kavaniththal)
vL¤J¢ bršK>_ (Eduththuchchelluthal)
Catch
ão¤J¡ bfhŸÓ>_ (Pidiththukkolluthal)
Chellenge
rthšt¨LjyÐ (Savaal Viduthal)
Change
kh‰Wjyª/khWjyª
(Maatrtruthal/Maatruthal)
Ju¤Jjyª/ã‹bjhl®jyª
(Thuraththuthal/Pinthodarthal)
Vkh‰Wjyª (Emaatrtruthal)
Chase
Cheat
96
Meaning / Pronunciation
Page
Word
Verb Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Page
97
Verb Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Cheer
ोसाहन दे ना (protsahan dena)
Chew
चबाना (chabana)
Choose
चन
ु ना ( chunna)
Clean
साफ़ करना (saaf karna)
Collect
एकA करना (ekatr karna)
Color
रं गना (rangna)
Comb
कंघी करना (kanghi karna)
Come
आना (come)
Cough
खाँसना (khansna)
Count
Oगनना (ginna)
Cover
ढकना (dhakna)
Crawl
र@ गना (rengna)
Cross
पार करना (paar karna)
Cry
रोना (rona)
Cut
काटना (katna)
Damage
नुक़सान करना (nuksaan karna)
Dance
नाचना (nachna)
Decay
सड़ना (sadna)
Decide
'नण%य लेना (nirnay lena)
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Cheer
c‰rhf_£Ljyª/ijÇa_£Ljyª
(Utrchaagamuttuthal/Thairiyamuttuthal)
bk‹Wâ‹äùÐ/c¿ŠRjyª
(Mentruthinnal/Utrinchuththal)
nj®ªbjLjÐjyÐ/ÉU«ãvLjªjyÐ
(Therntheduththal/Virumbieduththal)
R¤j« brŒjyÐ (Suththam Seythal)
x‹Wnr®jÐjyÐ/nrfÇjÐjyÐ
(Ontruserththal/Sekariththal)
t®z« Ô£LjyÐ (Varnam Thittuthal)
á¡bfLjÐjyÐ/myá¤njL
(Sikkeduththal/Alasiththeduthal)
tUjyÐ/teÐJnrhÐjyÐ (Varuthal/Vanthuserthal)
ïUKjyÐ/f¡FjyÐ (Irumuthal/Kakkuthal)
v©QjyÐ/fz¡»LjyÐ
(Ennuthal/Kanakkiduthal)
kiwjÐjyÐ/_LjyÐ (Matraiththal/Muduthal)
Clean
Collect
Color
Comb
Come
Cough
Count
Cover
Crawl
Cross
Cry
Cut
Damage
Dance
Decay
Decide
C®ªJbrš/ÚªJjy(Urnthuselluthal/Ninthuthal)
FW¡nf itjÐjyÐ/JâbrŒjyÐ
(Kutrukkevaiththal/Thuthiseythal)
f¤JjyÐ/mGjyÐ(Kaththuthal/Azhuthal)
ãÇjÐjyÐ/bt£LjyÐ (Piriththal/Vettuthal)
nrj¥gL¤JjyÐ/Ô§FbrŒjyÐ
(Sethappaduththuthal/Thinkuseythal)
eh£oakhLjyÐ/T¤jhLjyÐ
(Naattiyamaaduthal/Kuththaaduthal)
mÊjÐjyÐ/ehrkh¡FjyÐ
(Azhiththal/Naasamaakkuthal)
Ô®khÅjÐjyÐ/Ô®¥ò¡TWjyÐ
(Thirmaaniththal/Thirppukutruthal)
98
Choose
Page
Chew
Verb Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Page
99
Verb Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Decorate
सजाना (sajana)
Develop
Cवक सत करना (viksit karna)
Disappear
गायब होना (gayab hona)
Drink
पीना (peena)
Drive
गाड़ी चलाना (gaadi chalana)
Eat
खाना (khana)
Educate
शfा दे ना ( shiksha dena)
Eliminate
'नकालना (nikalna)
Encourage
ोसा.हत करना (protsahit karna)
Enjoy
आनंद लेना (anand lena)
Enter
वेश करना (pravesh karna)
Entertain
मनोरं जन करना (manoranjan karna)
Escape
बच जाना (bach jaana)
Expect
उiमीद लगाना (umeed lagana)
Fear
डरना (darna)
Feed
»खलाना (khilana)
Feel
5पश% करना (sparsh karna)
Fetch
ले आना (le aana)
Fight
लड़ना (ladna)
Float
तैरना (terna)
Forget
भूलना (bhulna)
Forgive
माफ़ करना (maaf karna)
Form
बनाना (banana)
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Word
Decorate
my§fÇjÐjyÐ/mHFbrŒjyÐ (Alangariththal/Azhaguseythal)
Develop
Disappear
Drink
Drive
ÉU¤â brŒjyÐ/ÉtÇjÐjyÐ (Viruththiseythal/Vivariththal)
Eat
Eliminate
c©QjyÐ/rh¥ãLjyÐ (Unnuthal/Saappiduthal)
f‰ãjÐjyÐ/m¿î òf£LjÐjyÐ/nghâjÐjyÐ
(Katrpiththal/Atrivupugattuthal/Bothiththal)
Ú¡FjyÐ/jÉ®jÐjyÐ (Nikkuthal/Thavirththal)
Encourage
ö©LjyÐ/ijÇa_£LjyÐ (Thunduthal/Thairiyamuttuthal)
Enjoy
mDgÉjÐjyÐ/cgnah»jÐjyÐ (Anupaviththal/Upayokiththal)
c£bršYjùÐ/njh‹WjyÐ/ãuntájÐjyÐ
(Utselluthal/Thontruthal/Piravesiththal)
cgrÇjÐjyÐ/ÉUªjËjÐjyÐ/k»œÉjÐjyÐ
(Upasariththal/Virunthaliththal/Magizhviththal)
j¥ã XLjyÐ/jÉ®jÐjyÐ (Thappi oduthal/Thavirththal)
Escape
Expect
Fear
Feed
Feel
Fetch
Fight
Float
Forget
Forgive
Form
Verb Words
Entertain
vâ®gh®jÐjyÐ (Ethirpaarththal)
ga¥gLjyÐ/ja§FjyÐ (Payappaduthal/Thayankuthal)
czîbfhLjÐjyÐ/czîbfhŸSjyÐ
(Unavukoduththal/Unavukolluthal)
cz®jyÐ (Unarthal)
bfh©LtÕêùÐ/ÉiybgWjyÐ
(Konduvaruthal/Vilaipetruthal)
r©ilÆLjyÐ (Sandaiyiduthal)
ÄjjÐjyÐ (Mithaththal)
kwªJ nghjyÐ (Matranthu Pothal)
k‹Å¤JÉLjyÐ/ãiH bghWjÐjyÐ
(Manniththuviduthal/Pizhai Potruththal)
ïa‰WjyÐ/cUth¡FjyÐ (Iyatrtruthal/Uruvaakkuthal)
100
Enter
X£LjyÐ/el¤JjyÐ (Ottuthal/Nadaththuthal)
Page
Educate
kiwªJ nghjyÐ (Matrainthu Pothal)
gUFjyÐ/FojÐjyÐ (Paruguthal/Kudiththal)
Page
101
Verb Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Fry
तलना (talna)
Gather
इ2क§ा करना (ekkatha karna)
Give
दे ना (dena)
Glow
चमकना (chamakna)
Grate
रगड़ना (ragadna)
Grow
बढ़ना (badna)
Hang
लटकना (latakna)
Harass
सताना (satana)
Heal
अnछा होना (achha hona)
Hear
सुनना (sunna)
Heat
गरम करना (garam karna)
The Eiffel Tower, Paris, France.
Fry
Gather
bghÇjÐjyÐ/tWjÐjyÐ (Poriththal/Vatruththal)
x‹Wnr®jÐjyÐ/T£LjyÐ (Ontruserththal/Kuttuthal)
bfhLjÐjyÐ/ïl§bfhLjÐjyÐ
(Koduththal/Idankoduththal)
ãufhájÐjyÐ/b#hÈjÐjyÐ (Pirakaasiththal/Joliththal)
bghoah¡FjyÐ (Podiyaakkuthal)
ts®jÐjyÐ/gÆuh¡FjyÐ (Valarththal/Payiraakkuthal)
bjh§fÉLjyÐ/ö¡»ÈLjyÐ
(Thonkaviduthal/Thukilliduthal)
miy¡fÊjÐjyÐ/J‹òW¤JjyÐ
(Alaikkazhiththal/Thunputruththuthal)
Fz¥gL¤JjyÐ/rkhjhd¥gL¤JjyÐ
Give
Glow
Grate
Grow
Hang
Harass
Heal
Hear
Heat
(Gunappaduththuthal/Sammaathaanappaduththuthal)
nfìÐìùÐ/ftd« brY¤JjyÐ
(Kettal/Kavanamseluthuthal)
Nlh¡FjyÐ (Sudaakkuthal)
Sun Set at the Northpole
102
Meaning / Pronunciation
Page
Word
Verb Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Page
103
Verb Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Help
मदद करना (madad karna)
Hide
'छपाना (chipna)
Hit
मारना (marna)
Hold
पकड़ना (pakadna)
Imagine
कhपना करना (kalpana karna)
Increase
बढ़ाना (badana)
Invite
बल
ु ाना (bulana)
Jump
कूदना (kudna)
Keep
रखना (rakhna)
Kill
मार डालना (maar dalna)
Knit
बुनना (bunna)
Laugh
हँ सना (hasna)
Learn
सीखना (seekhna)
Leave
छोड़ना (chodna)
Lifted
उठाना (uthana)
Listen
सुनना (sunna)
Meet
मलना (milna)
Melt
Cपघलना (pighalna)
Earn
कमाना (kamana)
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Hit
Hold
Imagine
Increase
Invite
Jump
Keep
Kill
Knit
Laugh
Learn
jh©LjyÐ/jhîjyÐ/FâjÐjyÐ
(Thaanduthal/Thaavuthal/Kuthiththal)
Ãiwnt‰WjyÐ/ÃW¤JjyÐ
(Nitraivetrtruthal/Nitruththuthal)
bfhšÙêùÐ/Koîf£LjyÐ (Kolluthal/Mudivukattuthal)
ã‹DjyÐ/ijjÐjyÐ (Pinnuthal/Thaiththal)
áÇjÐjyÐ/k»œnthoUjÐjyÐ
(Siriththal/Magizhvodiruththal))
m¿jyÐ/f‰W¡bfhŸSjyÐ (Atrithal/Katrtrukkolluthal)
Leave
ãÇªJnghjyÐ/É£LÉLjyÐ
(Pirinthupothal/Vittuviduthal)
Lifted
ö¡FjyÐ/V‰WjyÐ/ca®¤JjyÐ
(Thukkuthal/Etrtruthal/Uyarththuthal)
Listen
ftdkhf¡nflÐlùÐ (Kavanamaagakkettal)
TLjyÐ/rªâjÐjyÐ/vâ®¥gLjyÐ
(Kuduthal/Santhiththal/Ethirppaduthal)
cUFjyÐ/ïsFjyÐ/fiujÐjyÐ
(Uruguthal/Ilaguthal/Karaiththal)
r«ghâjÐjyÐ/Câa«bgWjyÐ
(Sampaathiththal/Uthiyampetruthal)
Meet
Melt
Earn
104
Hide
cjÉbrŒjyÐ/JizbrŒjyÐ
(Uthaviseythal/Thunaiseythal)
kiwjÐjyÐ/xË¤JitjÐjyÐ
(Matraiththal/Olithuthuvaiththal)
mojÐjyÐ/ïojÐjyÐ/F¿¡nfhismiljyÐ
(Adiththal/Idiththal/Kutrikkolai Adaithal)
ão¤J¡bfhŸSjùÐ/g‰W
jyÐ(Pidiththukkolluthal/Patrtruthal)
f‰gidbrŒjyÐ/Ãid¤J¡bfhŸ
(Katrpanaiseythal/Ninaiththukkolluthal)
mâfkh¡FjyÐ (Adhikamaakkuthal)
miHjÐjyÐ/tU«gont©LjyÐ
(Azhaiththal/Varumpadivenduthal)
Page
Help
Verb Words
Word
Page
105
Verb Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Observe
दे खना (dekhna)
Open
खोलना (kholna)
Paste
Oचपकाना (chipkana)
Peel
छ½लना (cheelna)
Play
खेलना (khelna)
Pray
ाथ%ना करना (prarthna karna)
Reach
पहुँचना (pahunchna)
Read
पढ़ना (padna)
Remove
'नकालना (nikalna)
Rub
मटाना (mitana)
Run
भागना (bhagna)
Save
बचाना (bachana)
Scratch
खरचना (kharochna)
Scream
Oचhलाना (chilana)
Sell
बेचना (bechna)
Send
भेजना (bhejna)
Shake
.हलाना (hilana)
Sink
डूबना (dubna)
Sit
बैठना (baithna)
Sleep
सोना (sona)
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
nt©LjyÐ/ïiwŠRjyÐ (Venduthal/Itrainchuthal)
Reach
nghŒ¢nr®jyÐ/Ú£LjyÐ (Poychcherthal/Nittuthal)
gh®¤JgojÐjyÐ/F¿¥ãLjyÐ
(Paarththuppadiththal/Kutrippiduthal)
Ú¡FjyÐ/mf‰WjyÐ (Nikkuthal/Agatrtruthal)
JiljÐjyÐ/R¤j«brŒjyÐ/njŒjyÐ
(Thudaiththal/Suththamseythal/Theythal)
XLjyÐ/X£LjyÐ/ïa¡FjyÐ
(Oduthal/Ottuthal/Iyakkuthal)
á¡fd¥gL¤JjyÐ/fh¥gh‰WjyÐ
(Sikkanappaduththuthal/Kaappatrtruthal)
ÑWjyÐ/ãuh©LjyÐ/áuhŒ¤J¡bfhŸÓêùÐ
(Kitruthal/Piraanduthal/Siraayththukkolluthal)
å¿LjyÐ/ga¤âdhš r¤jÄLjyÐ
(Vitriduthal/Bayaththinaal sathamiduthal)
É‰gid brŒjyÐ/fh£o¡bfhLjÐjyÐ
(Vitrpanaiseythal/Kaattikkoduththal)
mD¥òjyÐ/v¿jyÐ (Anupputhal/Etrithal)
FY¡FjyÐ/M£LjyÐ/eL§FjyÐ
(Kulukkuthal/Aattuthal/Nadunkuthal)
_œFjyÐ/mÄœ¤JjyÐ (Muzhkuthal/Amizhththuthal)
Read
Remove
Rub
Run
Save
Scratch
Scream
Sell
Send
Shake
Sink
Sit
Sleep
c£fh®jyÐ/bghUªJjyÐ (Utkaarthal/Porundhuthal)
cw§FjyÐ/XŒîbfhŸÓêùÐ
(Utrankuthal/Oyvukolluthal)
106
Pray
Page
Open
Paste
Peel
Play
neh¡FjyÐ/gh®jÐjyÐ/ftÅjÐjyÐ
(Nokkuthal/Paarththal/Kavaniththal)
âwjÐjyÐ/Mu«ãjÐjyÐ (Thitraththal/Aarambiththal)
x£LjyÐ(girÆdhš) (Ottuthal (Pasaiyinaal)
nkšnjhiy cÇjÐjyÐ (Meltholai uriththal)
ÉisahLjyÐ/eojÐjyÐ (Vilaiyaaduthal/Nadiththal)
Observe
Verb Words
Word
Verb Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Snatch
छ½नना (cheenna)
Spread
फैलाना ( felana)
Swim
तैरना (terna)
Teach
पढ़ाना (padana)
Tear
फाड़ना ( fadna)
Throw
फ@कना (fekna)
Tremble
काँपना (kampna)
Turn
मुड़ना (mudna)
Understand
समझना (samajhna)
Wait
ठहरना (thharna)
Wake
जागना (jagna)
Walk
चलना (chalna)
Wash
धोना (dhona)
Watch
दे खना (dekhna)
Write
लखना (likhna)
Page
107
The Atomium,
Brussels, Belgium.
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Spread
ãL§FjyÐ/g¿jÐjyÐ/g‰WjyÐ
(Pindunkuthal/Patriththal/Patrtruthal)
guîjyÐ/gu¥òjyÐ/ÉÇjÐjyÐ
(Paravuthal/Parapputhal/Viriththal)
Swim
ÚªJjyÐ/tÊªnjhLjyÐ (Ninthuthal/Vazhinthoduthal)
Teach
gÆ‰WÉjÐjyÐ/nghâjÐjyÐ
(Payitrtruviththal/Bothiththal)
»ÊjÐjyÐ/ãÇjÐjyÐ (Kizhiththal/Piriththal)
v¿jyÐ/åRjyÐ/nghLjyÐ (Etrithal/Visuthal/Poduthal)
eL§FjyÐ/ga¥gLjyÐ (Nadunkuthal/Payappaduthal)
Turn
Understand
Wait
Wake
Walk
Wash
Watch
Write
RHYjyÐ/âU¥òjyÐ (Suzhaluthal/Thirupputhal)
òÇªJ bfhŸÓêùÐ (Purinthukolluthal)
ïUjÐjyÐ/jhkâjÐjyÐ/fh¤âUjÐjyÐ
(Iruththal/Thaamathiththal/Kaaththiruththal)
JÆbyGjyÐ/vG¥òjyÐ (Thuyilezhuthal/Ezhupputhal)
eljÐjyÐ/el¤â¢bršÙêùÐ
(Nadaththal/Nadaththichchelluthal)
fGîjyÐ/JitjÐjyÐ/eidjÐjyÐ
(Kazhuvuthal/Thuvaiththal/Nanaiththal)
fhtšbrŒjyÐ/ftdkhf¥gh®jÐjyÐ
(Kaavalseythal/Kavanamaagappaarththal)
vGJjyÐ/brJ¡FjyÐ (Ezhuthuthal/Sethukkuthal)
108
Tear
Throw
Tremble
Singapore
Page
Snatch
Verb Words
Word
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
()या-2वशेषण (Adverb)
जो शRद ªया क Cवशेषता बतलाये, उसे ªया Cवशेषण कहते है । जैसे १.खरगोश तेज दौड़ता है । २.Cपता जी बाहर घूमने जा रहे है । ३.धीरे धीरे मेरा
उससे परचय हुआ । ४.मेज के ऊपर पु5तक रखी हुई है ।
()या-2वशेषण के भेद:
१.कालवाचक ªया-Cवशेषण (Time)
२.5थानवाचक ªया-Cवशेषण (Place)
३.परमाणवाचक ªया-Cवशेषण (Quantity)
४.र<'तवाचक ªया-Cवशेषण (Manner)
१.कालवाचक ªया-Cवशेषण: (Time) - वे ªया Cवशेषण शRद जो ªया के
घ.टत होने के समय से सiबंOधत Cवशेषण बताते ह#, वे कालवाचक ªयाCवशेषण कहलाते ह# । जैसे - १.आज बरसात होगी । २.माँ सुबह नाEता बनाती
है । ३.राम कल मेरे घर आयेगा। इस ªया Cवशेषण के अ0य उदाहरण 'नiन
ह# कल, परस, ायः, अ2सर, बाद म@ , जब, तब, अब, अभी, आज, कभी, 'नय,
सदा, 'त.दन आ.द ह# ।
२.थानवाचक ()या-2वशेषण: (Place) - वे ªया Cवशेषण शRद जो ªया के
घ.टत होने के 5थान का बोध कराते ह#, उ0ह@ 5थानवाचक ªया-Cवशेषण कहते
ह# । जैसे - १. अ0दर जाकर पढ़ो! २.बnचे ऊपर खेलते ह+ । ३.अब वहाँ अकेला
मज़दरू था । इस ªया Cवशेषण के अ0य उदाहरण 'नiन ह# -
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109
यहाँ, वहाँ, कहाँ, दरू , पास, ऊपर, नीचे, अ0दर, बाहर, भीतर, कधर, इस ओर,
उस ओर, इधर, उधर आ.द।
Page
Éidba¢r« (Adverb) :
vªj brhš Éidia¡ F¿¤J v¢rkhf tU»wnjh, mJ
Éidba¢r« vd¥gL«.
(v.fh) 1. Kaš ntfkhf XL»wJ. 2. m¥gh efu¤ij¢
R‰¿¥gh®¡f¥ ngh»wh®. 3. bkšy bkšy eh‹ mtÅl«
m¿Kfkhnd‹.
tiffŸ :
1. fhy« F¿¤j Éidba¢r« (Time)
2. ïl« F¿¤j Éidba¢r« (Place)
3. msî F¿¤j Éidba¢r« (Quantity)
4. el¤ij F¿¤j Éidba¢r« (Manner)
1. fhy« F¿¤j Éidba¢r« (Time) :
vªj brhš Éid ÃfG« fhy¤ij¡ fh©ã¡»wnjh mJ
fhy« F¿¤j Éidba¢r«.
(v.fh)
ne‰W/ehis/ ehiskWehŸ/ bgU«ghY«/ ãwF/
m¥bghGJ/ ï¥bghGJ/ ï‹W/ v¥bghGJ/ Rkhuhf/ áybghGJ/
âdK«/ v¥bghGJ« ngh‹wit.
2. ïl« F¿¤j Éidba¢r« (Place) :
vªj brhš Éid ÃfG« ïl¤ij¡ F¿¤J tU»wnjh
mJ ïl« F¿¤j Éidba¢rkhF«.
(v.fh) 1. cŸns br‹W go 2. FHªijfŸ nkny Éisah
L»wh®fŸ. 3. ï¥bghGJ m§nf jÅna ntiyahÆUªjh‹.
nkY« áy..
(v.fh) ï§nf, m§nf, v§nf, bjhiyî, mU»š, nkny, ÑnH,
cŸns, btËna, ïªj¥g¡f«, mªj¥g¡f«, ï§F, m§F
ngh‹wit.
110
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
३.पAरमाणवाचक ()या-2वशेषण: (Quantity) - िजन ªया -Cवशेषण शRद से
ªया के परमाण अथवा माAा से सiबंOधत Cवशेषता का बोध हो, उ0ह@
परमाणवाचक ªया-Cवशेषण कहते है । जैसे - १.अOधक पढ़ो! २.कम खाओ!
३.gयादा सुनो! । अ0य परमाणवाचक ªया Cवशेषण इस कार है - पया%mत,
कुछ, जरा, खब
ू , >बhकुल, काफ़ , बहुत, कतना, थोड़ा, gयादा आ.द ह+।
४.र तवाचक ()या-2वशेषण: (Manner) - जो ªया Cवशेषण शRद ªया के
घ.टत होने क CवOध या र<'त से सiबंOधत Cवशेषता का बोध करवाते ह+, उ0ह@
र<'तवाचक ªया-Cवशेषण कहते ह+। जैसे - १.कछुवा धीरे धीरे चलता है ।
२.अचानक काले बादल 'घर आए ३.हर<श ]यानपूवक
% पढ़ रहा है । इसके अलावा
र<'तवाचक ªयाCवशेषण के अ0य उदाहरण ह# - ठ½क, ग़लत, सच, झूठ, धीरे ,
]यानपूवक
% , ऐसे, वैसे, कैसे, तेज आ.द।
Tallest Residential Tower in the
World (Under Construction) -
Page
111
India Tower, Mumbai, India
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Page
Architectural and Engineering Developments by
Dr. Fazlur Rahman Khan, Sear Tower, Chicago, US
112
3. msî F¿¤j Éidba¢r« (Quantity) :
Éid¡F K‹ò tU« bgauilÆ‹ msÉid cz®¤â
tU« v¢r¢brhš.
(v.fh)
1. mâfkhf¥ go
2. bfhŠrkhf¢ rh¥ãL
3. mâkhf¡ nfŸ.
nkY« áy.. (v.fh.) bfhŠr«, á¿J, mâf«, K‰¿Y«, mâfâf«,
v›tsî ngh‹wit.
4. el¤ij F¿¤j Éidba¢r« (Manner) :
mw« mšyJ Éârh®ªj ÉidfŸ ÃfG«nghJ mjid
áw¥ghf vL¤J¡fh£L« Éidba¢r«.
(v.fh)
1. Mik bkJbkJthf el¡»‹wJ.
2. âObu‹W fUnkf« Nœ»wJ.
3. AßZ ftdkhf¥ go¤J¡ bfh©oU¡»wh‹.
nkY« áy.. (v.fh.)
rÇ, jtW, c©ik, bghŒ, bkJthf, ftdkhf, ï¥go, v¥go,
m¥go, ntf«.
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
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113
Adverb Words
कुछ ()या-2वशेषण के श?द
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Carefully
सावधानी से (savdhani se)
Correctly
सह< ढं ग से (sahi dhang se )
Eagerly
उसुकतापूवक
% (utsuktapurvak)
Easily
तरु 0त (turant)
Fast
शीÉ (sheegr)
Loudly
जोर से (jor se )
Patiently
धैयप
% ूवक
% (dheryapurvak)
Quickly
तेज़ी से (teji se)
Quietly
चप
ु चाप (chupchap)
Abroad
Cवदे श (Videsh)
Anywhere
कह<ं भी (kahin bhi )
Downstairs
सीढ़< के नीचे (seedi ke neeche)
Here
यहाँ (yahan )
In
अंदर (andar)
Nowhere
कह<ं नह<ं (kahin nahi)
Out
बाहर (bahar)
Somewhere
कह<ं (kahin)
There
वहाँ (vahan)
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Carefully
v¢rÇ¡ifahf (Echcharikkaiyaaka)
Correctly
rÇahf/ãiHÆ‹¿) (Sariyaaka/Pizhaiyintri)
Eagerly
Mtyhf (Aavalaaka)
Easily
vËjhf (Elithaaka)
Fast
ntfkhf (Vekamaaka)
Loudly
r¤jkhf (Saththamaaka)
Patiently
bghWikahf (Potrumaiyaaka)
Quickly
Éiuthf (Viraivaaka)
Quietly
mikâahf (Amaithiyaaka)
Abroad
btËeh£oš (Velinaattil)
Anywhere
v§nfahtJ (Enkeyaavathu)
Downstairs
Ñœjs¤âš (Kizhthalaththil)
Here
ï§nf/gy ïl§fËY« (Inke/Pala Idankalilum)
In
cŸns (Ulle)
v§FÄšiy (Enkumillai)
There
btËna (Veliye)
v§nfnah (Enkeyo)
m§nf (Anke)
114
Out
Somewhere
Page
Nowhere
Adverb Words
áy Éidba¢r brh‰fŸ
(Some Adverb Words)
Page
115
Adverb Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Underground
भू म के नीचे
(bhumi ke neeche)
Up
ऊपर (upar)
So
ताक (taki)
In order to
के उÊेEय से (ke uddeshya se)
Because
2य क (kyun ki)
Since
तब से (tab se )
Accidentally
अनजाने म@ (unjaane me)
Intentionally
जान बझ
ू कर (jaan bujh kar)
Always
हमेशा (hamesha)
Never
कभी नह<ं (kabhi nahi)
Often
अ2सर (aksar)
Rarely
कभी कभार (kabhi kabhar)
Seldom
शायद ह< कभी
(shayad hi kabhi)
Sometimes
कभी कभी (kabhi kabhi)
Usually
अ2सर (aksar)
After
बाद म@ ( baad me)
Already
पहले से (pehle se)
Finally
आ»खर म@ (aakhir me)
Just
केवल (keval)
Last
अ0त म@ (ant me)
Underground
óÄ¡FÑnH (Bumikku kizhe)
Up
nkny (Mele)
So
mjdhš (Athanaal)
In order to
c¤njrkhf (Uththesamaaka)
Because
VbdÅš (Enenil)
Since
ïUªJ (Irunthu)
Accidentally
vnj¢irahf (Ethechchaiyaaka)
Intentionally
F¿¥ghf (Kutrippaaka)
Always
tH¡fkhf (Vazhakkamaaka)
Never
xUnghJ« (Orupothum)
Often
mo¡fo (Adikkadi)
Rarely
mÇjhf (Arithaaka)
Seldom
xUntis (Oruvelai)
Sometimes
áyntisfËš (Silavelaikalil)
Usually
v¥bghGJ« (Eppozhuthum)
After
ãwF (Pitraku)
Already
K‹ng (Munbe)
Finally
Kothf (Mudivaaka)
Just
ï¥nghJjh‹ (Ippothuthaan)
Last
filáahf (Kadaisiyaaka)
116
Meaning / Pronunciation
Page
Word
Adverb Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Page
117
Adverb Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Later
पEचात ् (paschat)
Now
अभी (abhi)
Recently
हाल म@ (haal me)
Soon
जhद< से (jaldi se)
Then
तब फर (tab phir)
Tomorrow
कल (kal)
When
कब (kab)
While
जब तक (jab tak )
Yesterday
कल (kal)
Everywhere
हर जगह (har jagah)
Badly
बरु < तरह (buri tarah)
Beautifully
सुंदरतापूवक
% (sundartapurvak)
Boldly
'नडरतापूवक
% (nidartapurvak)
Bravely
बहादरु < से (bahaduri se)
Calmly
शां'त से (shaanti se)
Carelessly
लापरवाह< से (laparvaahi se)
Daily
रोज़ (roj)
Fully
पूण% Zप से (purn rup se)
Furiously
Ëोधावेश म@ (krodhavesh me)
Gently
नरमी से (narmi se)
Later
ãwF (Pitraku)
Now
ï¥bghGJ (Ippozhuthu)
Recently
rÛgkhf (Samibamaaka)
Soon
ÉiuÉš (Vitraivil)
Then
ãwF (Pitraku)
Tomorrow
ehis (Naalai)
When
v¥bghGJ (Eppozhuthu)
While
mnjrka« (Athesamyam)
Yesterday
ne‰W (Netrtru)
Everywhere
v§nfí« (Enkeyum)
Badly
jtwhf (Thavatraaka)
Beautifully
mHfhf (Azhakaka)
Boldly
gaÄ‹¿ (Payamintri)
Bravely
ijÇakhf (Thairiyamaaka)
Calmly
mikâahf (Amaithiyaaka)
Carelessly
m#h¡»uijahf (Ajaakkirathaiyaaka)
Daily
âdªnjhW« (Thinanthotrum)
Fully
KGtJ« (Muzhuvathum)
Furiously
nfhgkhf (Kopamaaka)
Gently
ÄUJthf (Miruthuvaaka)
118
Meaning / Pronunciation
Page
Word
Adverb Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Adverb Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Gladly
खश
ु ी से (khushi se)
Happily
आन0द से (anand se)
Immediately
फौरन (phoran)
Lovingly
mयार से (pyar se)
More
अयOधक (atyadhik)
Politely
नÅतापूवक
% (namrata purvak)
Punctually
ठ½क समय पर (theek samay par)
Rudely
[खाई से (rukhai se)
Safely
Slowly
सरु Ìfत Zप से
(surakshit rup se)
धीरे -धीरे (dheere dheere)
Strictly
सÍती से (sakhti se)
Suddenly
अचानक ह< (achanak hi)
Swiftly
तेज़ी से (teji se)
Uselessly
बेकार म@ (bekar me)
yearly
हर साल (har saal)
Tree Windmill,
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119
Scandanavia
\
Word
Meaning / Pronunciation
Gladly
Happily
Immediately
rªnjhõkhf (Santhoshamaaka)
Mdªjkhf (Aananthamaaka)
clnd (Udane)
Lovingly
More
m‹òl‹ (Anbudan)
mâfkhf (Athikamaaka)
Politely
gÂthf (Panivaaka)
Punctually
rÇahd neu¤âš (Sariyaana neraththil)
Rudely
_®¡fkhd (Murkkamaana)
Safely
g¤âukhd (Paththiramaana)
Slowly
bkJthf (Methuvaaka)
Strictly
f©o¥ghf (Kandippaaka)
Suddenly
âObu‹W (Thidirendtru)
Swiftly
cldoahf (Udanadiyaaka)
Uselessly
gad‰w (Payanatrtra)
Yearly
M©o‰bfhUKiw (Aanditrkorumutrai)
Adverb Words
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Kenyan Wild
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120
Giraffes.
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
स9ब/ध सूचक-अGयय (Preposition)
सiब0ध सूचक-अ1यय वह शRद या शRद का समूह है जो कसी संaा या
सव%नाम के साथ योग कया जाता है | सiब0ध सूचक-अ1यय उस संaा या
सव%नाम का सiब0ध कसी दस
ू रे शRद से द श%त करता है|
'नiन वा2य पर नज़र डाल@ और इन म@ in, of और into के उmयोग पर गौर
कर@ |
The farmer is in the field. She is fond of milk.
The mouse jumped into the pot
वाWय (उदाहरण):
१. राम के सर पर टोपी है|
२. रCव के पीछे जॉन है |
३. शीला के सामने एक कुता है | ४. सरला के आगे मेज़ है |
उदाहरण: के >बना, के साथ, के नीचे, के पीछे , के बाहर, के अंदर, के बीच, के
पEचात, क तरफ । (without, with, under, behind, outside, inside,
middle, after & direction)
समुrचयबोधक अGयय (Conjunction)
समुnचयबोधक अ1यय वह शRद है जो दो शRद या वा2य को जोड़ता है ।
१. दो और दो चार होते ह+|
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121
२. मुझे अ]ययन करना अnछा लगता है लेकन उसे खेलना|
The first Hard Disk Drive
(HDD) being removed from a
cargo plan via forklift
weighed over a ton but only
stored 5MB of data, made by
IBM in 1956The drive had
fifty 24-inch diameter
storage disk. It could locate
a single record in 600
milliseconds (0.6 of a
second).
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
cUãil¢brhš (m) K‹Åil¢brhš (Preposition) :
bga®¢brhš k‰W« ãuâbga®¢brh‰fË‹ cUòfis
ïiz¡F« brhš cUãil¢brhš (m) K‹Åil¢brhš
vd¥gL«.
Ñœ¡fhQ« bjhl®fËš in, of & into M»at‰¿‹
ga‹gh£il¡ ftÅ¡fî«.
The Farmer is in the field.
She is fond of milk.
The mouse jumped into the pot.
bjhl®fŸ (v.fh)
1. uhÄDila jiyÆš bjh¥ã cŸsJ.
2. uÉ¡F¥ ã‹dhš #h‹ ïU¡»wh‹.
3. êyhÉ‰F¥ ã‹dhš xU ehŒ ïU¡»wJ.
4. êyhÉ‰F K‹dhš xU nki# ïU¡»wJ.
nkY« áy (v.fh)
ïšyhkš, Tl, ÑnH, ã‹dhš, btËna, cŸns, eLÉš,
ãwF, g¡f¤âš (Without, With, Under, behind, outside,
inside, middle, after & direction)
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122
ïil¢brhš (Conjunction) :
ïU brhš (m) bjhl®fis ïiz¡f¥ ga‹gLtJ
ïil¢brhš MF«.
1. ïu©L k‰W« ïu©L eh‹fhF«.
2. vd¡F¥ go¡f¥ ão¡F«. Mdhš mtD¡F Éisahl¥
ão¡F«.
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
Their types and some examples are given below:
1.
Yojak (Additive) such as aur, tatha, evam
उदाहरण: बादल आये और बारश होने लगी|
(Clouds came and it started raining)
2.
Vikalp-soochak (Shows Alternative) such as ya, athava, ya-ya,
na to, na ki
उदाहरण: वषा% होगी अथवा आँधी आयेगी|
(Either it will rain or there will be a storm)
3.
Vibhajak (Dis-joint) such as parantu, kintu, magar, lekin, taki.
उदाहरण: म+ उसके घर गया पर0तु वह नह<ं मला|
(I went to his house but he did not meet)
4.
Parinaam-soochak (Shows Result)उदाहरण: म+ने मेहनत क
इस लए म+ सफल हुआ|
(I worked hard hence I became successful)
5.
Karan-soochak (Shows Reason)उदाहरण:. म+ नह<ं सोऊॅगा
6.
2यक यहाँ पर मnछर ह+| (I will not sleep because there are
mosquitoes here.)
Uddeshya-soochak (Shows motive)उदाहरण: तेजी से चलो ताक
हम 5टे शन ठ½क टाइम पर पहुँच जाएँ | (Walk fast so that we reach
station in time)
2वमया@दबोधक अGयय (interjections)
िजन शRद से शोक, Cव5मय, घण
ृ ा, आEचय% आ.द भाव 1य2त ह, उ0ह@
Cव5मया.द बोधक अ1यय कहा जाता है । जैसे - अरे ! तुम कब आये? बाप रे
बाप! इतनी तेज आंधी, वाह! तुमने तो कमाल कर .दया आ.द ।
Cव5मया.द बोधक अ1यय का योग सदा वा2य के आरiभ म@ होता है । इनके
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123
साथ Cव5मया.दबोधक Oच0ह! अवEय लगाया जाता है ।
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Their types and some examples are given below :
ïj‹
tiffŸ
k‰W«
áy
cjhuz§fŸ
ÑnH
bfhL¡f¥g£LŸsd.
1. nkf¡ T£l« tªjd k‰W« kiH bghÊa¤ Jt§»aJ.
(Clouds came and it started raining)
2. kiH bghÊí« mšyJ òašfh‰W tU«.
(Either it will rain or there will be a storm)
3. eh‹ mt‹ å£o‰F¢ br‹nw‹. Mdhš mt‹ v‹id¢
rªâ¡fÉšiy.
(I went to his house but he did not meet)
4. eh‹ fLikahf
bt‰¿ailªnj‹.
ciH¤nj‹.
Mfnt
eh‹
(I worked hard hence I became successful)
5. eh‹ cw§f kh£nl‹.
cŸsd.
VbdÅš ï§nf bfhR¡fŸ
(I will not sleep because there are mosquitoes here)
6. ntfkhf el VbdÅš rÇahd neu¤â‰F¥ òift©o
Ãiya¤â‰F¢ bršy nt©L«.
Page
Éa¥ãil¢brhš (Interjections) :
vªj brhšyhš M¢r®a«, nrhf«, mUtU¥ò ngh‹w
cz®îfis btË¥gL¤J»nwhnkh mJ Éa¥ãil¢ brhš.
(v.fh) 1. VŒ! Ú v¥bghGJ tªjhŒ?
2. m¥ghlh! ï›tsî ntfKilajh òašfh‰W?
3. ãukhj«! e‹whf¢ brŒjhŒ! ngh‹wit.
cz®îfis¡ F¿¡F« brh‰fŸ bjhlÇ‹ bjhl¡f¤ânyna
mikí«.
mj‰fhd F¿pLfŸ brh‰fŸ k‰W« bjhlÇ‹
ïWâÆš tU«.
124
(Walk fast so that we reach station in time)
Description of Parts of Speech (Hindi) Continued….
मन के Cव भ0न भाव के आधार पर Cव5मया.दबोधक अ1यय के 'नiन ल»खत
मुख भेद ह#:
१.शोकबोधक - हाय! , बाप रे बाप! हे राम! आ.द। जैसे - हे राम! बहुत बुरा हुआ,
हाय! यह 2या हुआ?
२. घण
ृ ा या तरकार बोधक - 'छ:!, थू -थू , Oध2कार ! आ.द । जैसे - 'छ:'छ : !
ये ग0दगी कसने फैलाई? Oध2कार! है तi
ु हे ।
३. वीकृ तबोधक - अnछा! ठ½क! हाँ! आ.द । जैसे - हाँ! मै कल पहुँच जाऊँगा,
ठ½क! यह हो जाएगा ।
४.2वमयबोधक - अरे ! 2या! ओह! सच! आ.द । जैसे - अरे ! तम
ु यहाँ कैसे?,
ओह ! ये कौन है ?
५.संबोधनबोधक - हो! अजी!ओ! आ.द । जैसे - अजी! थोड़ी दे र और [क जाईये,
ओ! दध
ू वाले कल मत आना ।
६.हषgबोधक - वाह -वाह, ध0य, अ'त स0
ु दर, अहा! आ.द । जैसे - अहा! मजा आ
गया, अ'त सु0दर! बहुत अnछ½ कCवता है ।
७. भयबोधक - ओह! हाय! बाप रे बाप! आ.द । जैसे - बाप रे बाप! इतना बड़ा
साँप, हाय! मुझे चोट लग गयी ।
Some words that show various moods are:
Moods/Feelings
(Surprise)
सुख (Happiness)
ªोध (Anger)
शोक
(Sadness)
आEचय%
'तर5कार (Condemn)
Page
125
वेदना (Pain)
शंसा (Praise)
सहम'त (Consent)
Ahaa!, Aahaa!, Wah!, Wah-wah!, Haay!, Aah!, Oh!, Uff!, Afsos!
Arre!, Kya!, Sach!, Baap Re!, Hain!, Hut!, Chal!, Dur Ho!, Abe!, Kyon!,
Chhih!, Dhikkaar!, Dhat!, Haay Re!, Baap Re!, Haay Mar Gaya!, Waah!,
Dhanya!, Khoob!, BahutAchchhe!
Achcha!, Theek!, Bahut Achchha!
Description of Parts of Speech (Tamil) Continued….
Page
Some words that show various moods are:
k»œ¢á (Happiness) nrhf« (Sadness) M¢r®a« (Surprise) nfhg«
(Anger) f©o¤jš (Condemn) tÈ (Pain) thœ¤J (Praise) r«kâ
(Consent)
126
kdâš njh‹W« cz®îfË‹ mo¥gilÆš tU«
Éa¥ãil¢ brhšÈ‹ K¡»akhd VG ntWghLfis¡ ÑnH
fhzyh«.
1. nrhf¤ij¡ F¿¥git : Inah!/m¥ghlh!/nAuh«!
ngh‹wit.
nA uh«! Äfî« nkhrkh» É£lJ / Inah! ïJ v‹d
MdJ?
2. mUtU¥ig (m) btW¥ig¡ F¿¥git : Ó!/ö!/xÊ!
ngh‹wit.
ÓÓ! ah® ïªj má§f¤ij¥ gu¥ãaJ?
3. x¤J¡ bfhŸtij¡ F¿¥git : e‹W!/ešyJ!/rÇ!
ngh‹wit.
M«! eh‹ ehis nghŒ¢ nr®nt‹.
rÇ! ïJ elªJ ÉL«.
4. M¢r®a¤ij¡ F¿¥git:
VŒ!/v‹d?/XnAh!/c©ikahfnth? ngh‹wd.
VŒ! Ú v§nf ï§nf?
XnAh! ït®fŸ ah®?
5. miH¥ig¡ F¿¥git : V§f!/X!/VŒ! ngh‹wit.
V§f! ï‹D« á¿J neu« fh¤âU§fŸ.
X! ghšfhunu! ehis tunt©lh«.
6. k»œ¢áia¡ F¿¥git : Äf
e‹W/ãukhj«/thœf/ÄfmHF/MAh ngh‹wit.
MAh! ï›tsî bgÇa gh«gh?
7. ga¤ij¡ F¿¥git : XnAh!/mŒnah!/m¥ghlh! ngh‹wit.
m¥ghlh! ï›tsî bgÇa gh«gh?
mŒaŒnah! vd¡F mog£LÉ£lnj!
Language: HINDI
वचन
Number
वचन:- संaा शRद के िजस Zप से यह aात हो क वह एक के
लए यु2त हुआ है या एक से अOधक के लए उसे वचन कहते ह+।
वचन के 5कार:
वचन के दो भेद होते ह+ १. एकवचन
२. बहुवचन
१. एकवचन: िजस शRद से एक ह< 1यि2त या व5तु का बोध हो,उसे
एकवचन कहते ह+।
जैस-े गमला, चह
ू ा,लड़का,पु5तक,केला,तोता,आ.द ।
२. बहुवचन: िजस शRद से एक से अOधक सं«या का बोध हो, उसे बहुवचन
कहते ह+।
जैस-े गमले,चह
ू े ,लड़के,पु5तक@,केले,तोते,आ.द।
एकवचन से बहुवचन बनाने के 'नयम-
Page
127
१. आकारांत पु लंग शRद के 'आ' को 'ए' कर दे ते है । जैसे –
एकवचन
--------------------
पदा%
--------------------
बहुवचन
पदÎ
कुता
--------------------
कुते
बेटा
--------------------
बेटे
मुगा%
--------------------
मुगÎ
कपड़ा
--------------------
कपड़े
Language: TAMIL
v©
Number
x‹W (m) x‹¿‰F nk‰g£l v©Â¡ifia¡ F¿¡F« bga®.
v©fË‹ tiffŸ :
1. xUik
2. g‹ik
xUik :
vªj brhšyhš xU kÅj‹ (m) xU bghUis¡ F¿¡»nwhnkh
mJ xUik vd¥gL«.
(v.fh)
ó¢rho, vÈ, iga‹, ò¤jf«, thiH¥gH«, »Ë
ngh‹wit.
g‹ik :
vªj brhšyhš x‹W¡F nk‰g£l v©fis¡ F¿¡»nwhnkh
mJU g‹ik vd¥gL«.
(v.fh)
ó¢rhofŸ, vÈfŸ, iga‹fŸ, ò¤jf§fŸ,
thiH¥gH§fŸ, »ËfŸ ngh‹wit.
xUik, g‹ik¡fhd ÉâKiwfŸ :
‘M’ xÈíila xUik M©ghš bga®fŸ ‘X’ xÈíila
g‹ikahf khW«.
âiu
ehŒ
kh‹
nrtš
JÂ
g‹ik
-
âiufŸ
ehŒfŸ
kh‹fŸ
nrtšfŸ
JÂfŸ
128
xUik
Page
1.
Number (Hindi) Continued….
२.
३.
Page
129
४.
अकारांत 5Aी लंग शRद म@ 'अ' को 'एँ ' कर दे ते है । जैसे –
एकवचन
--------------------
बात
--------------------
बहुवचन
बात@
रात .
--------------------
रात@
आँख
--------------------
आँख@
प5
ु तक
--------------------
प5
ु तक@
या अंत वाले 5Aी लंग शRद म@ 'या' को 'याँ' कर दे ते है । जैसे –
एकवचन
--------------------
बहुवचन
Oचºडया
--------------------
Oचºडयाँ
ºड>बया
--------------------
ºड>बयाँ
गुºडया
--------------------
गुºडयाँ
च.ु हया
--------------------
च.ु हयाँ
आकारांत 5Aी लंग शRद के आगे 'एँ' लगा दे ते है । जैसे :एकवचन
--------------------
बहुवचन
क0या
--------------------
क0याएँ
माता
--------------------
माताएँ
भुजा
--------------------
भुजाएँ
प>Aका
--------------------
प>Aकाएँ
Number (Tamil) Continued….
4.
xUik
g‹ik
brhš
ïuî
f©
ò°jf«
-
brh‰fŸ
ïuîfŸ
f©fŸ
ò°jf§fŸ
‘ah’ xÈíila xUik bg©ghš brh‰fŸ ‘ah§’ (Nassel
sound) xÈíila g‹ikahf khW«.
xUik
g‹ik
gwit
bg£o
bgh«ik
vÈ
-
gwitfŸ
bg£ofŸ
bgh«ikfŸ
vÈfŸ
‘M’ xÈíila xUik bg©ghš xUik¢ brh‰fŸ ‘V§’
(yeng) xÈíila g‹ikahf khW«.
xUik
g‹ik
f‹Å
m«kh
njhŸ
g¤âÇif
-
f‹ÅfŸ
m«kh¡fŸ
njhŸfŸ
g¤âÇiffŸ
130
3.
‘m’ xÈíila xUik bg©ghš brh‰fŸ ‘V’ (Nassel
sound) xÈíila g‹ikahf khW«.
Page
2.
Number (HINDI) Continued….
५.
६.
इकारांत 5Aी लंग शRद म@ याँ लगा दे ते है । जैसे –
एकवचन
--------------------
बहुवचन
जा'त
--------------------
जा'तयाँ
र<'त
--------------------
र<'तयाँ
नद<
--------------------
न.दयाँ
लड़क
--------------------
लड़कयाँ
5Aी लंग शRद म@ अि0तम उ,ऊ म@ ए जोड़कर द<घ% ऊ का ह5व हो जाता
है । जैसे –
७.
एकवचन
--------------------
बहुवचन
व5तु
--------------------
व5तए
ु ँ
गौ
--------------------
गौएँ
बहु
--------------------
बहुएँ
कुछ शRद म@ गण
ु ,वण% ,भाव आ.द शRद लगाकर बहुवचन बनाया
जाता है । जैसेएकवचन
--------------------
बहुवचन
1यापार<
--------------------
1यापार<गण
मA
--------------------
मAवग%
सुधी
--------------------
सुOधजन
Page
131
नोट - कुछ शRद दोन वचन म@ एक जैसे रहते है । जैसे -Cपता,योqा,चाचा, मA,
फल, बाज़ार, अ]यापक, फूल, छाA, दादा, राजा, Cवoयाथ¶ आ.द।
Number (Tamil) Continued….
5.
‘ï’ xÈíila bg©ghš xUik¢ brh‰fŸ ‘ah§’ (yaang)
xÈíila g‹ikahf khW«.
xUik
6.
7.
g‹ik
rhâ
rhâfŸ
Úâ
ÚâfŸ
eâ
eâfŸ
áWÄ
áWÄfŸ
‘c, C’ vd Koí« bg©ghš brh‰fŸ ‘V’ nthL ïizí«
nghJ C – ‘c’ thf khW«.
xUik
g‹ik
bghUŸ
gR
kUkfŸ
-
bghUŸfŸ
gR¡fŸ
kUkfŸfŸ
áy brh‰fËš g©ò, Ãw«, cz®î ngh‹wit xUik
g‹ikahjš (bg©ghš brh‰fŸ)
xUik
g‹ik
tÂf‹
e©g® Ãidî
tÂf®fŸ
e©g®fŸ
ÃidîfŸ
Page
(v.fh) : m¥gh, åu‹, á¤j¥gh, e©g‹, gH«, rªij, MáÇa®, ó,
khzt‹, jh¤jh, mur‹ ngh‹wit.
132
F¿¥ò : áy brh‰fŸ xUik, g‹ik ïu©oY« xnu khâÇahf
ïU¡»‹wd.
Number (Hindi) Continued….
एकवचन और बहुवचन के योग के उदाहरण१.
बnचा पढ़ रहा है । (एकवचन)
बnचे पढ़ रहे ह+ । (बहुवचन)
२.
नद< सूख गयी है । (एकवचन)
न.दयाँ सूख गयी ह+ । (बहुवचन)
3.
ब0दर केला खा रहा है । (एकवचन)
ब0दर केले खा रहे ह+ । (बहुवचन)
४.
यह लड़क छोट< है । (एकवचन)
ये लड़कयाँ छोट< ह+ । (बहुवचन)
५.
.दhल< क सड़क बहुत चौड़ी है । (एकवचन)
.दhल< क सड़क@ बहुत चौड़ी ह+ । (बहुवचन)
६.
मेरा दो5त कुस¶ पर बैठा है । (एकवचन)
Page
133
मेरे दो5त कु स%य पर बैठे ह+ । (बहुवचन)
The Mount Everest - Nepal
Number (Tamil) Continued….
Fu§F thiH¥gH« rh¥ãL»wJ. (xUik)
Fu§F thiH¥gH§fŸ rh¥ãL»wJ. (g‹ik)
4.
ïªj¢ áWÄ á¿atŸ. (xUik)
ïªj¢ áWÄfŸ á¿at®fŸ. (g‹ik)
5.
âšÈ rhiy Äf mfykhdJ. (xUik)
âšÈ rhiyfŸ Äf mfykhdit. (g‹ik)
v‹ e©g‹ eh‰fhÈÆš mk®ªâU¡»wh‹. (xUik)
v‹ e©g®fŸ eh‰fhÈÆš mk®ªâU¡»wh®fŸ. (g‹ik)
6.
The European Parliament,
Brussels, Belgium
Page
3.
134
xUik g‹ik ga‹gh£oš tU« vL¤J¡fh£LfŸ :
1.
iga‹ go¤J¡ bfh©oU¡»wh‹. (xUik)
iga‹fŸ go¤J¡ bfh©oU¡»wh®fŸ. (g‹ik)
2.
MW t‰¿É£lJ. (xUik)
MWfŸ t‰¿É£ld. (g‹ik)
Language: HINDI
लंग
Gender
लंग:- "संaा के िजस Zप से 1यि2त या व5तु क जा'त (5Aी या पZ
ु ष) के भेद
का बोध होता हो, उसे लंग कहते ह+।"
.ह0द< 1याकरण म@ लंग के दो भेद होते ह+ - १.पुिhलंग २.5Aी लंग
१.पुि<लंग:- िजस संaा शRद से पुZष जा'त का बोध होता है , उसे पुिhलंग कहते
ह+। जैसे -Cपता, राजा, घोड़ा, कुता, ब0दर, हं स, बकरा, लड़का आ.द।
२.`ीलंग:- िजस संaा शRद से 5Aी जा'त का बोध होता है , उसे 5Aी लंग कहते
ह+ । जैसे -माता, रानी, घोड़ी, कु'तया, बंदरया, हं सनी, लड़क , बकर< आ.द
ाणीवाचक संaाओ का लंग 'नण%य आसान है , पर0तु अाणीवाचक (व5तु)
संaाओ के लंग 'नण%य म@ परे शानी होती है , 2यक .ह0द< 1याकरण म@ 'नज¶व
व5तुओं को भी पुZष या 5Aी लंगो म@ बाँटा जाता है । ायः योग या
आवEयकता के आधार पर लंग क पहचान हो जाती है , फरभी कुछ ऐसे
ाणीवाचक शRद होते ह+, िज0ह@ हमेशा 5Aी लंग तथा पुिhलंग म@ ह< योग
Page
135
कया जाता है । कुछ संaा शRद इन 'नयम के अपवाद भी होते ह+ ।
Kalavantin Durg near Panvel, India
Language: TAMIL
ghÈd«
(Gender)
ghš :
vªj brhš M© mšyJ bg©iz¥ ghFgL¤J»wnjh m¢brhš
ghiy¡ F¿¡F« brhšyhF«.
Ïªâ bkhÊÆš ïu©L ghšfŸ (k£Lnk) fhz¥gL»‹wd.
mit : 1.M©ghš 2. bg©ghš.
1. M©ghš :
vªj brhš (bga®) M© t®¡f¤ij¡ F¿¡»wnjh mJ M©ghš
vd¥gL«.
(v.fh): m¥gh, mur‹, Fâiu, ehŒ, Fu§F, m‹d¥gwit, ML,
áWt‹ ngh‹wit.
2. bg©ghš :
vªj brhš (bga®) bg© t®¡f¤ij¡ F¿¡»wnjh mJ M©ghš
vd¥gL«.
(v.fh): m«kh, uhÂ, bg©Fâiu, bg£il ehŒ, bg© Fu§F,
bg© m‹d¥gwit, áWÄ, bg© ML ngh‹wit.
Page
136
Éy§FfËš bg©ghiy¥ ãÇ¤j¿jš vËJ.
Mdhš
cÆu‰witfËš bg©ghiy¥ ãÇ¤j¿jš fod«. fhuz«, ïªâ
ïy¡fz¤âš cÆu‰w bghUŸfS« M©, bg©ghšfshf¥
ãÇ¡f¥g£LŸsd. bgU«ghY« njitÆ‹ mo¥gilÆš ghiy¡
f©l¿»wh®fŸ. ïU¥ãD« cÆUŸs Éy§»id¡ F¿¡F«
brh‰fis
M©ghš,
bg©ghš
v‹nw
F¿¡»nwh«.
ï›ÉâKiwfis Û¿í« áy brh‰fŸ fhz¥gL»‹wd.
Gender (Hindi) Continued….
१. कुछ ाणीवाचक शRद हमेशा पिु hलंग या 5Aी लंग म@ ह< य2
ु त होते ह+।
(अ) पुिhलंग - कौवा, खटमल, गीदड़, मnछर, चीता, उhलू आ.द।
(ब) 5Aी लंग - सवार<, गुºडया, गंगा, यमुना।
२. पव%त के नाम पुिhलंग होते ह+। जैसे -.हमालय, Cव0oयाचल, सतपुडा आ.द।
३. दे श के नाम हमेशा पिु hलंग होते ह+। जैसे -भारत, चीन, इरान, अमेरका
आ.द।
४. मह<नो के नाम हमेशा पिु hलंग होते ह+। जैसे -चैत, वैसाख, जनवर<, फरवर<
आ.द।
५. .दन के नाम हमेशा पिु hलंग होते ह+। जैसे - सोमवार, बध
ु वार, श'नवार
आ.द।
६. नfA -dह के नाम पिु hलंग होते ह+। जैसे -सय
ू ,% च0¦, राहू, श'न आ.द।
७. न.दय के नाम हमेशा 5Aी लंग होते ह+। जैसे -गंगा, जमन
ु ा, कावेर< आ.द।
८. भाषा-बो लय के नाम हमेशा 5Aी लंग होते ह+। जैसे -.ह0द<, उद% ,ू पंजाबी,
अरबी, अवधी, पहाडी आ.द।
९. "अ' से अंत होने वाले शRद पुिhलंग होते है तथा "ई', आई, इन, इया आ.द से
समाmत होने वाले शRद 5Aी लंग होते ह+। जैसे :- फल, फूल, OचA, चीन आ.द
पुिhलंग शRद ह+। लकड़ी, कहानी, नार<, लेखनी, गुºडया, ख.टया आ.द 5Aी लंग
शRद ह+।
१०. धातुओ,ं अनाज, ¦1य, पदाथ% तथा शर<र के अंगो के नाम पुिhलंग होते है ।
जैसे -सोना, तांबा, पानी, तेल, दध
ू , आ.द।
Page
137
११. कुछ संaा शRद म@ मादा या नर लगाकर लंग का योग कया जाता है।
Gender (Tamil) Continued….
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
138
2.
áy Éy§FfË‹ bga®fŸ bgU«ghY« M©ghš (m)
bg©ghÈnyna ga‹gL»‹wd.
(m) M©ghš - fhf«, _£il¥ó¢á, gUªJ, bfhR, áW¤ij,
Mªij.
(M) bg©ghš - rthÇ, bgh«ik, f§if, aKid.
kiyfË‹ bga®fŸ - M©ghš.
(v.fh) ïkakiy, Éªâakiy, r¤nghlh ngh‹wit.
njr¤â‹ bga®fŸ v¥bghGJ« M©ghyhf ïU¡F«.
(v.fh) ghuj«, Ódh, mbkÇ¡fh, <uh‹ ngh‹wit.
khj§fË‹ bga®fŸ v¥bghGJ« M©ghyhf ïU¡F«.
(v.fh) #dtÇ, ã¥utÇ, kh®¢... ngh‹wit.
ehŸfS« bgU«ghY« M©ghšfshfnt tU«.
(v.fh) â§fŸ, br›thŒ, òj‹... ngh‹wit.
»uf§fË‹ bga®fS« M©ghšfns.
(v.fh) NÇa‹, rªâu‹, ïuhF, nfJ... ngh‹wit.
MWfË‹ bga®fŸ bgU«ghY« bg©ghšfshF«.
(v.fh) f§if, aKid, fhÉÇ... ngh‹wit.
bkhÊÆ‹ bga®fŸ bgU«ghY« bg©ghšfshF«.
(v.fh) Ïªâ, cUJ, gŠrhã, muã, gAho ngh‹wit.
‘m’ Éš Koí« brh‰fŸ M©ghšfshf ïU¡F«. <, I, ï‹,
a v‹W Kogit bg©ghšfshf ïU¡F«.
(v.fh) gH«, ó, gl« ngh‹wit M©ghš.
ku«, Éij, bg©, vGJnfhš, bgh«ik, f£oš ngh‹wit
bg©ghš.
cnyhf§fË‹ bga®fŸ, jhÅa«, âut«, âl¥bghUŸ k‰W«
kÅj cW¥òfŸ ngh‹wit M©ghš.
(v.fh) j§f«, br«ò, f©Ù®, v©bzŒ, ghš... ngh‹wit.
áy bga®¢brh‰fËš bg© (m) M©ghiy¥ ãÇ¤j¿a
m¢brh‰fŸ K‹ khjh (m) ãjh (jhŒ (m) jªij) v‹w
brh‰fis¢ nr®¡f nt©L«.
Page
1.
Gender (Hindi) Continued….
भेºडया -मादा भेºडया
नर खरगोश -मादा खरगोश
नर 'छपकल< - मादा 'छपकल<
नोट - िजस संaा शRद का लंग aात करना हो, उसे पहले बहुवचन म@ बदल
ल<िजए। बहुवचन म@ बदल लेने पर य.द शRद के अंत म@ "एँ" या "आँ" आता है ,
तो वह शRद 5Aी लंग है , य.द एँ या आँ नह< आता, तो वह शRद पुिhलंग है ।
उदाहरण:पंखा --पंखे --आँ या एँ नह< आया---पुिhलंग
Page
139
चाबी --चा>बयाँ-- आँ आया है ---5Aी लंग
The United Nations Headquarters,
New York
Gender (Tamil) Continued….
Page
White House, Washington DC
140
(M©)FŸs eÇ - jhŒ (khjh) eÇ
M© Ka® - jhŒ (khjh) Kaš
M© gšÈ - jhŒ (khjh) gšÈ
F¿¥ò : xU bga® M© (m) bg© v‹W m¿ªJ bfhŸs mjid
KjÈš g‹ikahf kh‰w nt©L«. g‹ikahd ãwF m¥bgaÇ‹
ïWâÆš V (m) M v‹W kh¿dhš (Yeng (or) Aang) mJ
bg©ghš. V (m) M (Yeng (or) Aang) vd khwhÉoš mJ
M©ghš.
“ï›bthÈ ntWghbl‹gJ Ïªâ bkhÊ¡F k£Lnk
cÇaJ. jÄÊš ï›bthÈ ntWghL¡F«, ghš ntWghL¡F«
bjhl®ãšiy. vdnt jÄÊš ïjid bkhÊ bga®¤jš ïayhJ.”
Page
141
Gender (Hindi) Continued….
पुि<लंग
Masculine gender
Father
Cपता (pita)
`ीलंग
Feminine gender
Mother
माता (mata)
Brother
भाई (bhai)
Sister
बहन (behan)
Son
बेटा (beta)
Daughter
बेट< (beti)
Boy
लड़का (ladka)
Girl
लड़क (ladki)
Man
आदमी (aadmi)
Woman
औरत (aurat)
Grand-son
पोता (pota)
Grand-Daughter
पोती (poti)
Grandfather (Paternal)
दादा (dada)
Grandmother (Paternal)
दाद< (dadi)
Maternal grandfather
नाना (nana)
Maternal grandmother
नानी (nani)
Gents teacher
अ]यापक (adhyapak)
King
राजा (raja)
Lady teacher
अ]याCपका (adhyapika)
Queen
रानी (rani)
Male elephant
हाथी (hathi)
Female elephant
हOथनी (hathini)
Lion
शेर (sher)
Lioness
शेरनी (sherni)
bg©ghš
Feminine gender
Father m¥gh/jªij
(Appaa/Thanthai)
Mother m«kh/jhŒ
(Ammaa/Thaay)
Brother rnfhju‹ (Sakotharan)
Sister rnfhjÇ (Sakothari)
Son kf‹ (Magan)
Daughter kfŸ (Magal)
Boy iga‹ (Paiyan / áWt‹
(Sitruvan)
Girl áWÄ (Sitrumi)
Man kÅj‹ (Manithan)
Woman kDÎ (Manushi)
Grand Son bgau‹ (Peyaran)
Grand-Daughter bga®¤â
(Peyarththi)
Grand Father (Patternal &
Maternal) jh¤jh (Thaaththaa)
Grandmother (Paternal &
Maternal) gh£o (Paatti)
Gents Teacher MáÇa®
(Aasiriyar)
Lady Teacher MáÇia (Aasiriyai)
King mur‹ (Arasan)
Queen muá (Arasi)
Male Elephant fËW (Kalitru) It
is use in Poetry only.
Female Elephant ão (Pidi) – It is
also use in Poetry only.
Lion á§f« (Singam)
Lioness bg© á§f« (Pen Singam)
Page
M©ghš
Masculine gender
142
Gender (Tamil) Continued….
Gender (Hindi) Continued….
आदशg वाWय (Model Sentences) :
पुि<लंग
१. म+ चाय पीता हूँ | (I drink tea)
२. तुम कसको पA लख रहे हो? (Whom are you writing the letter to?)
३. बnचा कब सोता है ? (When does the baby sleep?)
४. 2या यह लड़का आजकल संगीत सीखता है ? (Does this boy learn music
now a days?)
५. हम रोज़ दक
ु ान जाकर दध
ू खर<दते ह+ | (Daily we go to the shop and buy
milk)
६. आप ज़Zरत से Ïयादा हँ सते ह+ | (You laugh more than necessary)
७. ये कभी झूठ नह<ं बोलते | (They never tell lies)
८. हम ज़मीन पर नह<ं बैठते | (We do not sit on the floor)
Page
143
९. वे मज़दरू एक कारख़ाने म@ काम करते ह+ | (Those laborers’ work in a
factory)
१०. तोता पेड़ पर बैठकर अम[द खाता है | (Sitting on the tree the parrot
eats guava)
११. सूरज द'ु नया को काश दे ता है | (The sun gives light to the world)
१२. आकाश म@ (आसमान पर) तारे चमकते ह+ | (The stars twinkle in the
sky)
१३. सOचव ध0यवाद दे ते ह+ और लोग घर लौटते ह+ | (The secretary thanks
and the people return home)
१४. 2या यहाँ अnछा म2खन मलता है ? (Is good quality butter available
here?)
१५. घोड़े तेज़ दौड़ते ह+ | बैल धीरे -- धीरे चलते ह+ | (The horses run fast. The
bullocks walk slowly)
१६. तुम सबेरे से शाम तक घर म@ 2या करते हो? (What do you do from
morning to evening at home?)
Gender (Tamil) Continued….
Page
144
khâÇ¤ bjhl®fŸ (Model Sentences) :
M©ghš :
1. eh‹ njÜ® mUªJ»nw‹. (I drink tea)
2. Ú ahU¡F ïªj foj¤ij vGJ»whŒ? (Whom are you writing the
letter to?)
3. v¥bghGJ FHªij cw§F«? (When does the baby sleep?)
4. ïªj iga‹ (áWt‹) bfhŠr eh£fshf¤jh‹ ïiria¡ f‰W¡
bfhŸ»whdh? (Does this boy learn music now a days?)
5. eh« âdK« (ehŸnjhW«) fil¡F¥ nghŒ ghš th§F»nwh«. (Daily
we go to the shop and buy milk)
6. Ú§ÐfsÐmsî¡F (njit¡F) nkš áÇ¡»w©hÐfŸ. (You laugh more
than necessary)
7. mt®fŸ xU nghJ« bghŒ brhšy kh£lh®fŸ. (They never tell
lies)
8. eh§fŸ jiuÆš mkukh£nlh«.(We do not sit on the floor)
9. mªj (áy) bjhÊyhËfŸ bjhÊ‰rhiyÆš ntiy brŒ»wh®fŸ.
(Those laborer’s work in a factory)
10. »Ë ku¤â‹ nkny mk®ªJ bfhŒah¥gH« rh¥ãL»wJ. (Sitting on
the tree the parrot eats guava)
11. NÇa‹ ï›îyf¤â‰F xË jU»wJ. (The sun gives light to the
world)
12. e£r¤âu§fŸ thÅš Ä‹D»‹wd. (The stars twinkle in the sky)
13. bray® e‹¿ T¿dh®.nkYkÐ k¡fŸ å£o‰F¤ âU«ãd®. (The
secretary thanks and the people return home)
14. ešy jukhd bt©bzŒ ï§F »il¡Fkh? (Is good quality
butter available here?)
15. FâiufsÐ ntfkhf XLf¨dÐwd. vUJfŸ bkJthf el¡f¨dÐwd.
(The horses can run fast. The bullocks walk slowly)
16. fhiy Kjš khiy tiu å£oš v‹d brŒ»whŒ? (What do you do
from morning to evening at home?)
Gender (Hindi) Continued….
`ीलंग
१.
म+ शामको शरबत नह<ं पीती |
(I do not drink juice in the evening.)
२.
तम
ु 2य बात बात पर रोती हो?
(Why do you cry on every little thing?)
३.
सरला तीन भाषाओं म@ अnछा गाती है |
(Sarla sings well in three languages.)
४.
मछल< हमेशा पानी म@ रहती है और उसम@ तैरती है |
(The fish always lives in water and swims in it.)
५.
वह बु.ढ़या बाज़ार म@ फल-फूल बेचती है |
(The old woman sells fruits and flowers in the market street.)
६.
ग़र<ब औरत@ रे शमी साºड़याँ नह<ं पहनतीं |
(Poor women do not wear silk sarees.)
७.
हम, छाAावास क छाAाएँ, चावल नह<ं खातीं, गेहूँ ह< खाती ह+| (We,
the students of the hostel, do not eat rice, but wheat only.)
८.
मदाम, आप 2या ख़र<दती ह+?
(Madam, what do you buy?)
९.
मेर< माताजी एक महाCवoयालय म@ काम करती ह+ |
(My mother works in a college.)
१०.
गाय चारागाह म@ आराम से चरती है |
(The cow grazes in the meadow comfortably.)
११.
अ]याCपका अख़बार पढती ह+ |
Page
145
(The lady teacher reads newspaper.)
Gender (Tamil) Continued….
bg©ghš :
Page
146
1. eh‹ khiy ntisÆš gHur« mUªJtâšiy. ( I do not
drink juice in the evening)
2. Ú V‹ všyh áW Éõa¤â‰F« mG»whŒ? (Why do you
cry on every little thing?)
3. rush _‹W bkhÊfËš e‹whf¥ ghLf¨ÐwhsÐ. (Sarala
sings well in three languages)
4. Û‹ v¥bghGJ« j©ÙÇš thHÐf¨wJ.nkYkÐmâš
ÚªJf¨wJ. (The fish always lives in water and swims
in it)
5. tajhd (_jh£o) bg©kÂ gH§fŸ k‰W« ó¡fis
rªij åâÆš É‰»whŸ. (The old women sells fruits
and flowers in the market street)
6. ViH¥ bg© g£L¥òlitfŸ cL¤Jtâšiy. (Poor
women do not wear silk sarees)
7. eh§fŸ ÉLâ khzt¨fsÐ mÇá czî c©gâšiy.
Mdhš nfhJik jhdÐ c©»nwh«. (We, the students of
the hostel, do not eat rice, but wheat only)
8. m«kh, v‹d th§F»Ö®fŸ? (Madam, What do you
buy?)
9. v‹ m«kh fšÿÇÆš gÂòÇ»wh®fŸ. (My mother
works in a college)
10. gR brsf®akhŒ òšbtËÆš nkŒ»wJ. (The cow grazes
in the meadow comfortably)
11. MáÇia brŒâ¤jhis thá¡»wh®. (The lady teachers
reads newspaper)
लंग के उदाहरण
Gender example
पिु <लंग के उदाहरण
Hindi
अंग (Ang)
Number/figure/issue/ma
rk
Limb
अंगूठा (Agutha)
Thumb
अंगूर (Angur)
Grape
अंdेज़ (Agrez)
English person
अंडा (Anda)
Egg
अंत (Ant)
End
अंतर (Antar)
Difference
अंदाज़ा (Andaza)
Guess/estimate
अंधा (Andha)
Blind/blind man
अंधापन (Andhapan)
Blindness
अँधेरा (Andhera)
Dark/darkness
अकेलापन (Akelapan)
Loneliness
अ2टूबर (Aktubar)
October
अfर (Akshar)
Syllable/letter
अखबार(Akhbar)
Newspaper
अग5त(Agast)
August
147
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
अंक (Ank)
Page
English
ghš vL¤J¡fh£LfŸ
Gender Example
v© (En)
Number/figure/issue/mar
gFâ (Pakuthi)
Limb
f£il Éuš (Kattai viral)
Thumb
âuh£ir (Dhiraatchai)
Grape
M§»nya® (Aangileyar)
English Person
K£il (Muttai)
Egg
filá/Koî (Kadaisi/Mudivu)
End
ntWghL (Vetrupaadu)
Difference
F¤J kâ¥ò (Kuththu mathippu)
Guess/estimate
FUl‹ (Kurudan)
Blind/Blind Man
FU£L¤jd« (Kuruttuththanam)
Blindness
ïUŸ (Irul)
Dark/Darkness
jÅik (Thanimai)
Loneliness
m¡nlhg® khj« (Actobar Maatham)
October
vG¤J (Ezhuththu)
Syllable/letter
brŒâ¤jhŸ (Seithiththaal)
Newspaper
Mf°£ (Aagast)
August
148
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
M©ghš vL¤J¡fh£L brh‰fŸ:
Page
149
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
अचार (Achar)
Pickle
अजनबी (Ajnabi)
Stranger
अ®डा (Adda)
Stand/base/hut
अ'तOथ (Atithi)
Guest
अ'तवाद (Ativad)
Extremism
अ'तवाद< (Ativadi)
Extremist
अOधकार (Adhikar)
Right/authority
अOधकार< (Adhikari)
Officer/official
अ]यf (Adhyaksh)
Head/chairman
अ]ययन (Adhayayan)
Study/reading
अ]यापक (Adhyapak)
Teacher
अ]याय (Adhyay)
Chapter
अनाथ (Anath)
Orphan
अनाथालय (Anathalay)
Orphanage
अनादर (Anadar)
Dishonour
अनुभव (Anubhav)
Experience
अनम
ु ान (Anuman)
Estimate/guess
अनुना सक (Anunasik)
Nasal
Tamil
English
CWfhŒ (Utrukaay)
Pickle
òâat® (Puthiyavar)
Stranger
ïl«/Ãiya« (Idam/Nilaiyam)
Stand/base/hut
ÉUªâd® (Virunthinar)
Guest
ÔÉuthj« (Thiviravaatham)
Extremism
ÔÉuthâ (Thiviravaathi)
Extremist
mâfhu« (Athikaaram)
Right/authority
cauYty® (Uyaarluvalar)
Officer/Official
mit¤jiyt® (Avaiththalaivar)
Head/Chairman
go¥ò/go¤jš (Padippu/Paadiththal)
Study/reading
MáÇa® (Aasiriyar)
Teacher
g¤â/m¤âaha« (Paththi/Aththiyaayam)
Chapter
mehij (Anaathai)
Orphan
mehij ïšy« (Anaathai Illam)
Orphanage
mtkâ¥ò/mtkÇahij
Dishonour
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Experience
kâ¥ãL/mDkhÅ
Estimate/Guess
(Mathippidu/Anumaani)
_¡bfhÈ (Mukkoli)
Nasal
Page
mDgt« (Anupavam)
150
(Avamathippu/Avamariyathai)
Page
151
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
अन5
ु वार (Anusvar)
The dot that indicates a
nasalized vowel in words
like hai/and which stand
for a nasal consonant in
conjunct characters
अनुयायी (Anuyayi)
Follower
अनुरोध (Anurodh)
Request, appeal
अनुवाद (Anuvad)
Translation
अनुशासन(Anushasan)
Discipline/control
अपमान (Apman)
Disrespect
अपराध (Apradh)
Offence/crime
अपराधी (Apradhi)
Criminal
अपवाद (Apvad)
Exception
आCव9कार (Avishkar)
Discovery/invention
अैल (Aprail)
April
अफ़सोस (Afsos)
Regret/rueful
अ भनेता (Abhineta)
Actor
अeयास (Abhyas)
Practice
अमर<का (Amrika)
America
अमZद (Amrud)
Guava
अरब (Arab)
A thousand million/ a
billion
_¡bfhÈ vG¤J F¿pL (Mukkoli
ezhuththu Kutriyeedu)
The dot that indicates a
nasalized vowel in vowel
in words like hai.
ã‹g‰Wgt‹/Ól‹
(Pinpatrtrupavan/Sidan)
Follower
nt©LnfhŸ (Vendukol)
Request/Appeal
bkhÊbga®¥ò (Mozhipeyarppu)
Translation
xG¡f« (Ozhukkam)
Discipline/Control
அவம2யாைத
(Avamariyatai)
Disrespect
r£lÉnuhj«/F‰w«
(Sattavirodam/Kutrtram)
Offence/Crime
F‰wthË (Kutrtravaali)
Criminal
ÉâÉy¡F (Vidhivilakku)
Exception
f©Lãogò (Kandupidippu)
Discovery/Invention
V¥uš (April)
April
tU¤j« (Varuththam)
Regret/Rueful
eof® (Nadikar)
Actor
gÆ‰á (Payitrchi)
Practice
mbkÇ¡fh (America)
America
bfhŒah (Koyyaa)
Guava
g¤Jy£r«/üW nfho
(Paththu latcham/Nutru kodi)
A thousand million /
A billion
152
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
153
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
अथ% (Arth)
Meaning
अथ%शा5त ्र (Arthshastra)
Economics
अवतार (Avtar)
Incarnation
अवसर (Avsar)
Opportunity/chance
असर (Asar)
Effect/impact
असहयोग (Asahyog)
Non co-operation
अ5पताल (Aspatal)
Hospital
अहं कार (Ahamkar)
Pride/egotism
आँगन (Aangan)
Courtyard
आंदोलन (Aandolan)
Movement
आँसू (Aansu)
Tear
आईना (Aaina)
Mirror
आकष%ण (Aakarshan)
Attraction
आकाश (Aakash)
Sky
आªमण (Aakraman)
Attack
आ»खर (Aakhir)
After all/end
आगरा (Aagra)
Agra
आdह (Aagrah)
Insistence
bghUŸ/m®¤j« (Porul/Arththam)
Meaning
bghUshjhu« (Porulaathaaram)
Economics
mtjhu« (Avathaaram)
Incarnation
thŒ¥ò (Vaayppu)
Opportunity/Chance
ga‹(Payan)/
பாதிR(
(Paathippu)
Effect/Impact
x¤JiHahik (Oththuzhaiyaamai)
Non co-operation
kU¤Jtkid (Maruththuvamanai)
Hospital
f®t«/ தS(கTOசிÐ
(Garvam/Tharpukalcci)
Pride/Egotism
K‰w«/ãufhu« (Mutrtram/Pirakaaram)
Courtyard
ïa¡f« (Iyakkam)
Movement
f©Ù® (Kannir)
Tear
f©zho (Kannaadi)
Mirror
ft®¢á/<®¥ò (Kavarchchi/Irppu)
Attraction
thd« (Vaanam)
Sky
jh¡FjyÐ (Thaakkuthal)
Attack
Kothf (Mudivaka)/
¬×jahf(Itruthiyaaka)
After all/End
M¡uh (Aagraa)
Agra
t‰òW¤jš (Vatrputruththal)
Insistence
154
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
आटा (Aatta)
Fine flour
आडंबर (Aadambar)
Pageantry
आतंक (Aatank)
Terror
Page
155
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
आतंकवाद
(Aatankvad)
आतंकवाद<
(Aatankvadi)
Terrorism
Terrorist
आमीय (Aatmiy)
Intimate
आदमी (Aadmi)
Man
आदर (Aadar)
Respect
आदश% (Aadarsh)
Ideal
आदान-दान
(Aadan Pradan)
Exchange
आदे श (Aadesh)
Order/command
आधा (Aadha)
Half
आधार (Aadhar)
Basis
आनंद (Aanand)
Joy/pleasure/bliss
आरiभ (Aarambh)
beginning
आराम (Aaram)
Rest
आलू (Aalu)
Potato
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Tamil
(Maavu)
Fine flour
etu)
Terror
ga§futhj« (Payangaravaatham)
Terrorism
ga§futhâ (Payangaravaathi)
Terrorist
intbeU¡f« (Nerukkam)
Intimate
kÅj‹ (Manithan)
Man
kÇahij (Mariyaathai)
Respect
K‹khâÇ (Munmaathiri)
Ideal
g©lkh‰W (Pandamaatrtru)
Exchange
f£lis/c¤juî
(Kattalai/Uththaravu)
Order/Command
ghâ/miu (Paathi/Arai)
Half
mo¥gil (Adippadai)
Basis
k»œ¢á/Mdªj«
(Magizhchchi/Aanantham)
Joy/Pleasure/bliss
Mu«g«/Jt¡f«
(Aarambam/Thuvakkam)
Beginning
XŒî (Oyvu)
Rest
cUis¡»H§F
(Urulaikkizhanku)
Potato
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
பயMதிS ஏ"Ð(Bayatirku
Pageantry
156
Ml«gu« (Aadamparam)
Page
மா;
English
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
आशीवा%द (Aashirvad)
Blessing
आEचय% (Aashcharya)
आसन (Aasan)
Surprise
Hermitage/home or
refuge for people on a
spiritual path
Sitting
आसमान (Aasman)
Sky
इं¥ल+ड (Inglaind)
England
इंतज़ाम (Intazam)
Arrangement
इंतज़ार (Intazar)
Waiting
इतवार (Itvar)
Sunday
इ'तहास (Itihas)
History
इंकार (Inkar)
Refusal
इनसान (Insaan)
Person/human being
इiतहान (Imtahan)
Exam
इनाम (Inam)
Prize/reward/gift
इरादा (Irada)
Intention
इलाका (Ilaqa)
Area
इशारा (Ishara)
Sign/signal/hint/
indication
इEक (Ishq)
Love/passion
Page
157
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
आBम (Aashram)
Tamil
English
thœ¤J/Má (Vaazhththu/Aasi)
Blessing
M¢r®a« (Aacharyam)
Surprise
Mrd« (Aasanam)
thd« (Vaanam)
Hermitage/Home or
refuge for people on a
spiritual path
Sitting
Sky
ï§»yhªJ (Ingilaandu)
England
V‰ghL (Etrpaadu)
Arrangement
fh¤âU¤jš (Kaaththiruththal)
Waiting
PhÆW »Hik (Gnaayitru Kizhamai)
Sunday
tuyhW (Varalaatru)
History
kW¥ò/ÃuhfÇ¤jš
(Matruppu/Niraakariththal)
Refusal
kÅj‹ (Manithan)
Person/Human being
nj®î (Thervu)
Exam
gÇR/gj¡f« (Parisu/Pathakkam)
Prize/Reward/Gift
fU¤J/neh¡f« (Karuththu/Nokkam)
ãunjr«/Ãy¥gFâ
(Pirathesam/Nilappakuthi)
milahs« (Adaiyaalam)/ irif
(saikai)
m‹ò/fhjš (Anbu/Kaadhal)
Intention
Area
Love/Passion
158
Sign/Signal/Hint/
Indication
Page
Máuk« (Aasiramam)
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
159
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
इEतहार (Istahar)
Advertisement, poster
इ5तमाल (Istemal)
Use
Ãधन (Idhan)
Fuel
ईEवर (Ishvar)
God
ईसाई (Isai)
Christian
उnचारण (Uccharan)
Pronunciation
उतर (Uttar)
North
उतर (Uttar)
Reply
उसव (Utsav)
Festival
उसाह (Utsah)
Enthusiasm/ zeal
उदाहरण (Udaharan)
Example
उÊेEय (Uddeshya)
Intention
उoयान (Udyan)
Garden
उधार (Udhar)
Loan
उपदे श (Updesh)
Sermon/advice
उप0यास (Upanyas)
Novel
उप0यासकार (Upanyskar)
Novelist
उपमहाoवीप (Upmahadvip)
Subcontinent
És«gu«/Rtbuh£o
(Vilambaram/Suvarotty)
Advertisment/Poster
ga‹ghL (Payanpaadu)
Use
vÇbghUŸ (Eriporul)
Fuel
flîŸ (Kadavul)
God
»¿°jt‹ (Kitristhavan)
Christian
c¢rÇ¥ò (Ucharippu)
Pronunciation
tl¡F (Vadakku)
North
gâš (Pathil)
Reply
g©oif (Pandikai)
Festival
M®t« (Aarvam)
Enthusiasm/Zeal
vLjÐJfÐfhlÐL/ cjhuzkÐ
(Eduththukkaattu/Uthaaranam)
Example
vzzkÐ(Ennam)
Intention
njh£l« (Thottam)
Garden
fl‹ (Kadan)
Loan
m¿îiu (Atrivurai)
Sermon/Advice
òâd«/ehtš (Puthinam/Naaval)
Novel
ehtyháÇa® (Navalaasiriyar)
Novelist
Jiz¡f©l« (Thunaikkandam)
Subcontinent
160
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
161
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
उपयोग (Upyog)
Use
उपवास (Upvas)
Fast/fasting
उपाय (Upay)
Way/means/ scheme
उiमीदवार (Ummidvar)
Candidate
उhलू (Ullu)
Owl
उ5ताद (Ustad)
Skilled/skilful/ master
ऊंट (Unt)
Camel
ऋण (Rn)
Debt
ऋCष (Rishi)
Sage/seer
एतराज़ (Etraz)
Objection
ओला (Ola)
Hailstone
औज़ार (Auzar)
Tool
औसत (Ausat)
Average
कंकड़ (Kankad)
Stone/pebble
कंजस
ू (Kanjus)
Mean
कंबल (Kambal)
Blanket
कंधा (Kandha)
Shoulder
क¬रता (Kattarta)
Fanaticism
कथक (Kathak)
Indian dance style
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Tamil
English
ga‹/cgnahf«
(Payan/Upayaokam)
Éuj«/cgthr«
(Viratham/Upavasam)
â£l«/tÊKiw
(Thittam/Vazhimutrai)
Use
Fast/Fasting
Mªij (Aanthai)
tšyt‹/âwikahdt‹
(Vallavan/Thitramaiyaanavan)
Owl
Skilled/Skilful/Master
x£lf« (Ottakam)
Camel
fl‹ (Kadan)
PhÅ/KÅt‹
(Gnaani/Munivan)
Debt
Sage/Seer
kW¥ò (Matruppu)
Objection
My§f£o (Aalankatti)
fUÉ/rhjd«
Hailstone
(Karuvi/Saathanam)
njhuhakhf(Thoraayamaaga)
இரMதினJ
(Irattinam)
Tool
Average
Stone/Pebble
fŠrdÐ (Kanjan)
Mean
rhšit/f«gs¨ (Saalvai/Kambali)
Blanket
njhŸ (Thol)
Shoulder
kj¥g‰W (Mathappatrtru)
Fanaticism
‘fj¡’ eld« (‘Kadhak’ Nadanam)
Indian dance style
162
Candidate
Page
nt£ghs®(Vetpaalar)
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Way/Means/Scheme
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
कद (Qad)
Height
कदम (Qadam)
Step (By Leg)
कपट (Kapat)
Cheat
कपड़ा (Kapda)
Cloth/garment
कबूतर (Kabutar)
Pigeon
कलाकार (Kalakar)
Artist
कमरा (Kamra)
Room
Wonder/miracle/astonis
hing
कमाल (Kamal)
कiपूटर (Kampyutar)
Computer
कर (Kar)
Tax
करोड़ (Karod)
A crore (ten million, i.e a
hundred lakhs)
कत%1य (Kartavya)
Duty
कम% (Karm)
Action/deed/karma
कम%चार< (Karmchari)
Employee/worker
कCव (Kavi)
Poet
क9ट (Kasht)
Trouble/inconvenience
कसाई (Qasai)
Butcher
कसूर (Kasur)
Fault/offence/guilt
Page
163
कहानीकार (Kahanikar)
Story writer
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Tamil
English
cau« (Uyaram)
Height
Vkh‰W (Emaatrtru)
Cheat
JÂ/Mil (Thuni/Aadai)
Cloth/Garment
òwh (Putraa)
Piseon
கைலஞNÐ
(Kalainar)
miw (Atrai)
Artist
fÂÅ (Kanini)
Room
Wonda/Miracle/Astonish
ing
Computer
tÇ (Vari)
Tax
m‰òj«/mâra« (Atrputham/Athisayam)
flik (Kadamai)
A crore (Ten million, ie a
hundred lakhs)
Duty
Éid/braš (Vinai/Seyal)
Action/Deed/Karma
ntiyahŸ/c¤nahf°j®
(Velaiyaal/Uthyokasthar)
Worker/Employer
fÉP‹ (Kavignan)
Poet
J‹g« (Thunbam)
Trouble/ Inconvenience
frh¥ò¡fhu‹ (Kasaappukaaran)
Batcher
F‰w«/jtW (Kutrtram/Thavatru)
Fault/Offence/Guilt
áWfij vG¤jhs®
(Sitrukathai Ezhuththaalar)
Story writer
xU nfho (Oru Kodi)
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Step
164
(Tappati)
Page
தRப
Page
165
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
काँच (Kanch)
Glass
काँटा (Kanta)
Thorn/fork
काका (Kaka)
Uncle
कागज़ (Kagaz)
Paper
काजू (Kaju)
Cashew
कान (Kaan)
Ear
काना (Kana)
One eyed person
कानून (Qanun)
Law
काबू (Qabu)
Control
काम (Kaam)
Work / job
कारखाना (Karkhana)
Factory/workshop
कारण (Karan)
Reason/cause
काय% (Karya)
Work/action/task
काय%ªम (Karyakram)
Schedule / programme
काया%लय (Karyalay)
Office
काल (Kaal)
Time/age/period
कालेज (Kalej)
College
कनारा (Kinara)
Coast/edge
कराया (Kiraya)
Rent/fare
f©zho (Kannaadi)
Glass
KŸ (Mul)
Thorn/Fork
á¤j¥gh (Chiththappaa)
Uncle
jhŸ (Thaal)
Paper
KªâÇ (Munthiri)
Cashew
fhJ (Kaadhu)
Ear
x‰iw¡f© kÅj‹
(Otrtraikkan manithan)
One eyed person
r£l« (Sattam)
nk‰gh®it/mâfhu«
(Metrpaarvai/Athikaaram)
Law
Control
ntiy/gÂ (Velai/Pani)
Work/Job
bjhÊ‰rhiy/g£liw
(Thozhitrchaalai/Pattatrai)
fhuz« (Kaaranam)
Factory/Workshop
ntiy/flik (Velai/Kadamai)
Work/Action/Task
â£l«/Ãfœ¢á Ãuš
(Thittam/Nigazhchchiniral)
Schedule/Programme
mYtyf« (Aluvalakam)
Office
fhy«/taJ (Kaalam/Vayathu)
Time/Age/Period
fšÿÇ (Kalluri)
College
fiu/Koî (Karai/Mudivu)
Coast/Edge
thlif (Vaadakai)
Rent/Fare
Reaso/Cause
166
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
167
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
करायेदार (Kirayedar)
Tenant
कला (Qila)
Fort
कलो (Kilo)
Kilo
कलोमीटर (Kilomitar)
Kilometre
कसान (Kisan)
Farmer/peasant
क5सा (Qissa)
Story/tale
ªकेट (Kriket)
Cricket
ªयाCवशेषण(Kriya Visheshan)
Adverb
क ड़ा (Kida)
Insect
कुआँ (Kuan)
Well
कुता (Kutta)
Dog
कुरता (Kurta)
Loose (top)
कूल< (Kuli)
Porter
कूड़ा (Kuda)
Rubbish/trash
कूड़ेदान (Kudedan)
Rubbish bin/trashcan
कूटनी'तa (Kutnitigya)
Diplomat
के0¦ (Kendra)
Centre
केला (Kela)
Banana
कैमरा (Kaimra)
Camera
Tamil
English
Fo¤jd¡fhu® (Kudiththanakkaarar)
Tenant
nfh£il (Kottai)
Fort
»nyh (Kilo)
Kilo
»nyh Û£l® (Kilomittar)
Kilometre
ÉtrhÆ (Vivasaayi)
Farmer/Peasant
fij (Kathai)
Story/Tale
k£il¥gªJ (Mattaippanthu)
Cricket
Éidba¢r« (Vinaiyechcham)
Adverb
ó¢á (Puchchi)
Insect
»zW (Kinatru)
Well
ehŒ (Naay)
Dog
nkyhil (Melaadai)
Loose (Top)
Rik ö¡Fgt® (Sumaithukkupavar)
Porter
F¥ig/å© (Kuppai/Vin)
Rubbish/Trash
F¥ig¡Til (Kuppaikudai)
Rubbish bin/Trashcan
uh#jªâÇ/muáaš Ãòz‹
(Raajathanthiri/Arasiyal Nipunan)
ika« (Maiyam)
thiH (Vaazhai)
Diplomat
òif¥gl¡fUÉ (Pukaippadakaruvi)
Camera
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
168
Centre
Banana
Page
169
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
कोहरा (Kohra)
Fog
कोठा (Kotha)
Terrace
कोना (Kona)
Corner
कोयला (Koyla)
Coal
ªम (Kram)
Order/sequence
ªाि0तकार< (Krantikari)
Revolutionary
खnचर (Khachar)
Mule
खत (Khat)
Letter
खतरा (Khatra)
Danger
«याल (Khayal)
Opinion
खरगोश (Khargosh)
Rabbit/hare
खच% (Kharch)
Expenditure
खचा% (Kharcha)
Expense
खलनायक (Khalnayak)
Villain (in drama)
खाता (Khaata)
Account
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
-பனA (Mutupani)
Fog
nkš js« (Melthalam)
Terrace
Xu«/_iy (Oram/Mulai)
Corner
fÇ/Ãy¡fÇ (Karai/Nilakkari)
Coal
tÇir/»uk«
(Varisai/Kiramam)
Order/Sequence
òu£áahsdÐ
(Puratchiyaalan)
Revolutionary
nfhntW fGij
(Kovetru Kazhuthai)
Mule
foj« (Kaditham)
Letter
Mg¤J (Aabaththu)
Danger
fU¤J / vzÐzkÐ
(Karuththu /Ennam)
Opinion
Kaš (Muyal)
Rabbit/Hare
bryî¤ bjhif
(Selavuththokai)
Expenditure
bryî (Selavu)
Expense
vâ®ehaf‹Ð
( Ethir Naayakan)
Villain (in drama)
fz¡F (Kanakku)
Account
170
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
F
Page
171
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
खानदान (Khandaan)
Family
खाना (Khana)
Food
खीरा (Khira)
Cucumber
खन
ू (Khoon)
Blood
खेत (Khet)
Field/farming land
खेद (Khed)
Regret
खेल (Khel)
Game
खोट (Khot)
Defect
«वाब (Khvab)
Dream
गज़ (Gaz)
Yard (measure of length)
ग®डा (Gadda)
Pit/ditch/hole
ग»णत (Ganit)
Mathematics
गÊा (Gadda)
Mattress
गoय (Gadya)
Prose
गधा (Gadha)
Donkey/ass
गम (Gam)
Sorrow/care
गमला (Gamla)
Flowerpot
गरज (Garaj)
Thunder/roar
FL«g« / gukÐgiu
(Kudambam / Parambarai)
Family
czî (Unavu)
Food
btŸsÇ (Vellari)
Cucumber
u¤j«/FUâ (Raththam/Kuruthi)
Blood
Étrha Ãy« (Vivasaaya Nilam)
Field/Farming Land
tU¤j« (Varuththam)
Regret
Éisah£L (Vilaiyaattu)
Game
FiwghL (Kutraipaadu)
Defect
fdî (Kanavu)
Dream
Ús« (Nilam)
Yard (measure of length)
X£il/Jthu« (Ottai/Thuvaaram)
Pit/ditch/hole
fz¡F/fÂj« (Kanakku/Kanitham)
Mathematics
bk¤ij (Meththai)
(Mattress)
ciueil (Urainadai)
Prose
fGij (Kazhuthai)
Donkey/Ass
J¡f« (Thukkam)
Sorrow/Care
ó¢rho (Puchchaadi)
Flower pot
ïo/f®#id (Idi/Garjanai)
Thunder/Roar
172
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
173
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
गभ% (Garbh)
Womb
गव% (Garv)
Pride
गला (Gala)
Throat
गवाह (Gavah)
Witness
गाँव (Gaav)
Village
गाना (Gana)
Song
गायक (Gayak)
Singer
Oगरजाघर (Girjaghar)
Church
Oगलास (Gilas)
Tumbler/glass
गीत (Geet)
Song
गंड
ु ा (Gunda)
Thug/hooligan
गुजरात (Gujarat)
Gujarat
गुज़ारा (Guzara)
Livelihood/ subsistence
गुण (Gun)
Quality/virtue
गुRबारा (Gubbara)
Balloon
ग[
ु (Guru)
Guru/teacher
गु[वार (Guruvar)
Thursday
गुलाब (Gulab)
Rose
गुलाम (Gulam)
Slave
fU¥ig (Karppai)
Womb
bgUik (Perumai)
Pride
bjh©il (Thondai)
Throat
rh£á (Saatchi)
Witness
»uhk« (Giraamam)
Village
ghlš (Paadal)
Song
ghlf® (Paadagar)
Singer
njthya« (Devaalayam)
Church
Ftis/l«s® (Kuvalai/Tumlar)
Tumbler/Glass
r§Ñj« (Sangeetham)
Song
Kul‹ (Muradan)
Thug/Hooligan
F#uh¤ (Kujaraath)
Gujarat
ãiH¥ò/étd« (Pizhaippu/Jivanam)
Livelihood/ Subsistence
ju« (Tharam)
Quality/Virtue
gÿ‹ (Balun)
Balloon
MáÇa® (Aasiriyar)
Guru/Teacher
ÉahH¡»Hik (Viyaazhakkizhamai)
Thursday
nuh#h (Rojaa)
Rose
moik (Adimai)
Slave
174
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
175
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
गुसलखाना(Gusalkhana)
Bathroom
ग5
ु सा (Gussa)
Angry/anger
गोता (Gota)
Dive/diving
गोताखोर (Gotakhor)
Diver
गोबर (Gobar)
Cow dung
गोरा (Gora)
Fair skinned/ ‘white’
person
गोलच2कर(Golchakkar)
Roundabout
गोEत (Gosht)
Meat
गौर (Gaur)
Attention
गौरव (Gaurav)
Pride
dाम (Gram)
Village
dामीण (Gramin)
Rural
dाहक (Grahak)
Customer
घंटा (Ghanta)
Hour
घमंड (Ghamand)
Pride/conceit/arrogance
घर (Ghar)
House/home
घाट (Ghat)
River steps/bank
घी (Ghi)
Ghee
घट
ु ना (Ghutna)
Knee
FËayiw (Kuliyalatrai)
Bathroom
nfhg« (Kobam)
Aangry/Anger
_œFjš (Muzhkuthal)
Dive/Diving
_œFgt® (ÚÇš) (Muzhkupavar(Niril))
Diver
gRŠrhz« (Pasunchaanam)
Cow dung
Fair Skinned/‘White’
Person
btŸis kÅj‹ (Vellai Manithan)
R‰¿ tis¤jš (Sutrtri Valaiththal)
Roundabout
ïiw¢á (Itraichchi)
Meat
ftÅ (Kavani)
Attention
bgUik/òfœ (Perumai/Pugazh)
Pride
»uhk« (Giraamam)
Village
(Kiraamiya)
Rural
கிராமிய
tho¡ifahs® (Vaadikkaiyaalar)
Customer
kÂ-neu« (Mani/Neram)
Hour
mfªij (Aganthai) /
கNவJÐ(Karvam)
Pride/Conceit/
Arrogance
åL (Vidu)
House/Home
M‰w§fiu/go¤Jiw
(Aatrtrankarai/Padiththutrai)
River steps/Bank
beŒ (Ney)
Ghee
_£L (Muttu)
Knee
176
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
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177
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
घूँट (Ghunt)
Gulp
घेरा (Ghera)
Siege/enclosure
घसला (Ghosla)
Nest
घोड़ा (Ghoda)
Horse
चंदा (Chanda)
Subscription
च0¦ (Chandra)
Moon
चचेरा-भाई
(Chachera Bhai)
Cousin
चढ़ाव (Chadhav)
Rise
चना (Chana)
Chick pea
चमचा (Chamcha)
Spoon/a
sycophant/flatterer
चमड़ा (Chamda)
Leather
चEमा (Chasma)
Glasses/spectacles
चाकू (Chaqu)
Knife
Uncle, father’s younger
brother
चाचा (Chacha)
चालक (Chalak)
Driver
चावल (Chaval)
Rice
Oचंतन (Chintan)
Thought
Oचºड़याघर (Chidiyaghar)
Zoo
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
ntÈ/K‰Wif (Veli/Mutrtrukai)
Siege/Enclosure
TL (Kudu)
Nest
Fâiu (Kudhirai)
Horse
e‹bfhil (Nankodai)
Subscription
Ãyh (Nilaa)
Moon
அMதXகாZ
ஏSறJ
(Attankal)
(Erram)
Cousin
Rise
bfh©il¡fliy
(Kondaikkadalai)
Chick pea
fu©o (Karandi)
Spoon/Sycophant/
Flatterer
njhš (Thol)
Leather
_¡F¡ f©zho
(Mukku Kannaadi)
Glasses/Spectacles
f¤â (Kaththi)
Knife
á¤j¥gh (Chiththappaa)
Uncle, Father’s younger
brother
X£Ld® (Ottunar)
Driver
mÇá (Arisi)
Rice
v©z« (Ennam)
Thought
ÄUf¡fh£á rhiy
Zoo
(Mirukakkaatchi saalai)
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gulp
178
(Vilunkutal)
வ >XதY
English
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Tamil
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179
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
OचA (Chitra)
Picture
Oचथड़ा (Chithda)
Tattered/rag
Oचमटा (Chimta)
Tongs
Oच0ह (Chinh)
Sign/mark/emblem
चीखना (Cheekhna)
To scream
चीता (Cheeta)
Leopard/cheetah
चीन (Cheen)
China
चन
ु ाव (Chunav)
Election/selection/choice
चह
ू ा (Chuha)
Mouse/rat
चेहरा (Chehra)
Face
चोर (Chor)
Thief
चौका (Chauka)
Cooking space
चौक दार (Chaukidar)
Watchman
चौकोर (Chaukor)
Square
चौराहा (Chauraha)
Crossroads
छाता (Chata)
Umbrella
छाA (Chatr)
Student
gl«/XÉa« (Padam/Oviyam)
Picture
fªjyhil (Kanthalaadai)
Tattered/Rag
ïL¡»/FwL (Idukki/Kutradu)
Tongs
F¿/F¿pL (Kutri/Kutriyeedu)
Sign/Mark/Emblem
f¤Jjš/å¿Ljš
(Kaththuthal/Vitriduthal)
To Screan
áW¤ij (Sitruththai)
Leopard/Cheetah
Ódh (Chinaa)
China
nj®jš (Therthal)
vÈ/R©blÈ (Eli/Sundeli)
Election/Selection/Choic
e
Mouse/Rat
Kf« (Mukam)
Face
âUl‹ (Thirudan)
Theif
rikayiw (Samaiyalatrai)
Cooking Space
fhtyhË (Kaavalaali)
Watchman
rJu« (Sathuram)
Square
FW¡F rhiy (Kutrukku Saalai)
Crossroads
Fil (Kudai)
Umbrella
khzt‹ (Maanavan)
Student
180
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
छापा (Chhapa)
Raid
'छलका (Chilka)
Skin/peel/shell
छुटकारा (Chutkara)
Release/freedom
छे द (Ched)
Hole
जंग (Jang)
Rust
जंगल (Jangal)
Jungle/forest/the wilds
जंगला (Jangla)
Grill, banister
ज़«म (Zakhm)
Wound
जनता (Janta)
People
ज0म (Janm)
Birth
ज0म.दन (Janmdin)
Birthday
जाप (Jaap)
Repeating
(the name of god)
जबड़ा (Jabda)
Jaw
ज़माना (Zamana)
World
ज़मींदार (Zamidar)
Landlord
जल (Jal)
Water
जवान (Javan)
Young man
जवाब (Javab)
Answer/reply
ज़हर (Zahar)
Poison
Tamil
English
gilbaL (Padaiyedu)
Raid
njhš/XL (Thol/Odu)
Skin/Peel/Shell
ÉLjiy (Viduthalai)
Release/Freedom
Jthu« (Thuvaaram)
Hole
ïU«g¤JU/Ó®nfL
(Irumbuththuru/Sirkedu)
Rust
fhL/td« (Kaadu/Vanam)
Jungle/Forest/The wilds
f«ã¤jL¥ò (Kabithhaduppu)
Grill, Banister
fha« (Kaayam)
Wound
k¡fŸ (Makkal)
People
ãw¥ò (Pitrappu)
Birth
ãwªj ehŸ (Pitrantha Naal)
Birth day
flîŸ bgaiu Jâ¤jš
(Kadavul Peyarai Thuthiththal)
Repeating
(the name of God)
jhil (Thaadai)
Jaw
cyf« (Ulakam)
World
ÃycÇikahs®
(NilaUrimaiyaalar
j©Ù® (Thannir)
Land lord
ïisP‹/åu‹ (Ilaignan/Viran)
Young man
gâš/Éil (Padhil/Vidai)
Éõ« (Visham)
Answer/reply
Poison
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
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Water
Page
183
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
जाड़ा (Jada)
Cold season, winter
जाद ू (Jadu)
Magic
जादग
ू र (Jadugar)
Magician
जानवर (Janvar)
Animal
जाल (Jaal)
Net/mesh/web
जासूस (Jasus)
Spy
िज़ª (Zikr)
Mention
जीवन (Jivan)
Life
जआ
(Jua)
ु
Gambling
ज़ुकाम (Zukam)
Cold
जुमा%ना (Jurmana)
Fine/penalty
जुलूस (Julus)
Procession
जूता (Juta)
Shoe
जन
ू (Jun)
June
जेठ (Jeth)
Brother-in-law
(husband’s elder
brother)
जेबकतरा (Jebkatra)
Pickpocket
ज़ेवर (Zevar)
(item of) jewellery
जोकर (Jokar)
Circus clown
जोड़ा (Joda)
Pair/couple
FË®fhy« (Kulirkaalam)
Cold Season, Winter
kha« (Maayam)
Magic
kha¡fhu‹ (Maayakkaaran)
Éy§F (Vilangu)
tiy (Valai)
Magician
Animal
Net/Mesh/Web
x‰W (Otrtru)
Spy
F¿¥ò (Kutrippu)
Mention
thœ¡if (Vaazhkkai)
Life
Njh£l« (Suthaattam)
Gambling
#ynjhõ«/rË (Jalathosham/Sali)
Cold
mguhj« (Aparaatham)
Fine/Penalty
C®ty« (Urvalam)
Procession
njhyhš Md fhyÂ
(Tholaal Aana Kaalani)
Shoe
#&‹ (Jun)
June
bfhGªj‹ (Kozhunthan)
Brother in law
(Husband’s elder
brother)
âUl‹ (Thirudan)
Pickpocket
eif (Nagai)
(item of) Jewellery
É¤ij fh£Lgt‹/ÉflfÉ
(Viththai Kaattupavan/Vikatakavi)
Circus Clown
n#ho/ïiz (Jodi/Inai)
Pair/Couple
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
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185
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
ज़ोर (Zor)
Force/strength
जोश (Josh)
Zeal, zest
जौ (Jau)
Barley
जौहर< (Jauhari)
Jeweller
gवालामुखी(Jvalamukhi)
Volcano
झंडा (Jhanda)
Flag
झगड़ा (Jhagda)
Quarrel
झटका (Jhatka)
Jolt/jerk/shock
झाड़ू (Jhadu)
Broom
झींगुर (Jhingur)
Cricket(insect)
झूठ (Jhuth)
Lie
झल
ू ा (Jhula)
Swing
झोला (Jhola)
Cloth shoulder bag
टकराव (Takrav)
Clash
टखना (Takhna)
Ankle
टापू (Tapu)
Island, isle
ट<ला (Tila)
Hillock/mound
टुकड़ा (Tukda)
Piece/bit
Éir/r¡â (Visai/Sakthi)
Force/Strength
c‰rhf« (Utrchaakam)
Zeal/Zest
g‰wh¡Fiw (Patrtraakkutrai)
Barley
eif¡fil¡fhu® (Nagaikadaikkaarar)
Jeweller
vÇkiy (Erimalai)
Volcano
bfho (Kodi)
Flag
r©il/ngh® (Sandai/Por)
Quarrel
mâ®¢á (Athirchchi)
Jolt/Jerk/Shock
Jil¥g« (Thudaippam)
Broom
»Ç¡bf£/ó¢á (Cricket/Puchi)
Cricket(Insect)
bghŒ (Poy)
Lie
CŠrš (Unchal)
Swing
njhŸig (Tholpai)
Cloth Shoulder bag
iffy¥ò (Kaikalappu)
Clash
fQ¡fhš (Kanukkaal)
Ankle
Ôî (Thivu)
Island, Isle
áWF‹W/nkL (Sitrukuntru/Medu)
Hillock/Mound
J©L/áWgFâ (Thundu/Sitrupakuthi)
Piece/Bit
186
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Gender example (Tamil) continued….
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
ठे का (Theka)
Contract
ठे केदार (Thekedar)
Contractor
ठे ला (Thela)
Cart
डंक (Dank)
Sting
डंडा (Danda)
Stick
डकार (Dakar)
Belch/burp
डर (Dar)
Fear
डरपोक (Darpok)
Timid/timid person
डाक घर (Dak Ghar)
Post office
डाकू (Daku)
Dacoit
डा2टर (Daktar)
Doctor
डाकखाना (Dakkhana)
Post office
ºडRबा (Dibba)
Box
¯ाईवर (Draivar)
Driver
ढं ग (Dhang)
Way
ढ2कन (Dhakkan)
Cover/lid
ढलान (Dhalan)
Slope/incline
ढांचा (Dhancha)
Framework/structure
ढे र (Dher)
Pile/large amount
x¥gªj« (Oppantham)
Contract
x¥gªjjhu® (Oppanthathaarar)
Contractor
t©o (Vandi)
Cart
bfhL¡F (Kodukku)
Sting
jo/f«ò/fÊ (Thadi/Kambu/Kazhi)
Stick
V¥g« (Eppam)
Belch/Burp
ga« (Payam)
Fear
nfhiH/gaªjh§bfhŸË
(Kozhai/Payanthaankolli)
Timid/Timid person
mŠryf« (Anjalakam)
Post office
kU¤Jt® (Maruththuvar)
Doctor
mŠryf« (Anchalakam)
Post office
bg£o (Petti)
Box
X£Le® (Ottunar)
Driver
tÊ (Vazhi)
Way
ciw (Utrai)
Cover/Lid
rÇî (Sarivu)
Slope/Incline
tu«ò/r£l« (Varambu/Sattam)
Framework/Structure
FÉaš/mL¡F (Kuviyal/Adukku)
Pile/Large Amount
188
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Page
189
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
तंदरू (Tandur)
Clay oven
तiबाकू (Tambaku)
Tobacco
तजुबा% (Tajurba)
Experience
तट (Tat)
Bank(of river)
तव (Tattva)
Element
तन (Tan)
The body
तना (Tana)
Trunk(of tree)
तनाव (Tanav)
Tension
तबलची (Tabalchi)
A tabla player
तबला (Tabla)
Drums
तबादला(Tabadla)
Transfer
तमाशा (Tamasha)
Show
तरबज़
ू (Tarbuz)
Watermelon
तर<का (Tariqa)
Way/method
तक%-Cवतक% (Tark-Vitark)
Debate / argument
तलाक (Talaq)
Divorce
तवा (Tava)
Griddle(for making roti)
ताऊ (Tau)
Uncle (father’s elder
brother)
k© mL¥ò (Manaduppu)
Clay Oven
òifÆiy (Pugaiyilai)
Tobacco
mDgt« (Anupavam)
Experience
M‰w§fiu (Aatrtrankarai)
Bank (of river)
Mjhu«/_y¥bghUŸ
(Aathaaram/Mulapporul)
Element
clš (Udal)
The Body
»is (Kilai)
Trunk (of tree)
kd mG¤j«
(Mana Azuththam)
Tension
jngyh thá¥gt®
(Thabelaavaasippavar)
A tabla player
jngyh/ou«° (Thabelaa/Dirams)
Drums
ïl khWjš (Ida Maatruthal)
Tranfer
f©fh£á (Kankaatchi)
Show
j®órÂ (Tharbusani)
Watermelon
tÊ/Kiw (Vazhi/Mutrai)
Way/Method
Éthj« (Vivaatham)
Debate/Argument
Éthfu¤J (Vivaakaraththu)
Divorce
jth/buh£o RL« fš
(Thavaa/Rotti Sudum Kal)
Griddle (for making roti)
bgÇa¥gh (Periyappaa)
Uncle (Father’s elder
brother)
190
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
191
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
ताज-महल (Taj Mahal)
Taj mahal
ताजब
ु (Tajjub)
Surprise/ astonishment
ताड़ (Tad)
Palm (tree)
तानाशाह (Tanasah)
Dictator
तापमान (Taapman)
Temperature
तार (Tar)
Wire
तारा (Tara)
Star/pupil of eye
ताला (Tala)
Lock
तालाब (Talab)
Pond
तीथ%-5थान (Tirth-Sthan)
Place of pilgrimage
तूफान (Tufan)
Storm
तेल (Tel)
Oil
तोता (Tota)
Parrot
तोफा (Tofa)
Gift/present
तौ लया (Touliya)
Towel
याग (Tyag)
Renouncing/sacrifice
याग-पA (Tyagpatra)
Letter of resignation
यौहार (Tyauhar)
Festival
थाना (Thana)
Police station
jh{kAhš (Thaajmahaal)
Tajmahal
M¢r®a«/âif¥ò
(Aacharyam/Thigaippu)
Surprise/Astonishment
gid (Panai)
Palm (Tree)
r®thâfhÇ (Sarvaathikaari)
Dicatator
bt¥gÃiy (Veppanilai)
Temperature
f«ã/ruL (Kambi/Saradu)
Wire
e£r¤âu«/É©Û‹
(Natchaththiram/Vinmin)
Star/Pupil of eye
ó£L (Puttu)
Lock
Fs« (Kulam)
Pond
(னAதR பயணJ
(Punitap Payanam)
Place of Pilgrimage
òaš (Puyal)
Storm
v©bzŒ (Enney)
Oil
»Ë (Kili)
Parrot
m‹gË¥ò (Anbalippu)
Gift/Present
J©L (Thundu)
Towel
âahf« (Thiyaakam)
Renouncing/Sacrifice
uhÍdhkh (Raajinaamaa)
Letter of Resignation
âUÉHh/g©oif
(Thiruvizhaa/Pandikai)
Festival
fhtš Ãiya« (Kaaval Nilaiyam)
Police Station
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
193
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
थैला (Thaila)
Bag
दं गा (Danga)
Riot
दं ड (Dand)
Punishment
दiप'त (Dampati)
Married couple, pair
दÌfण (Dakshin)
South
दØतर (Daftar)
Office
दबाव (Dabav)
Pressure
दम (Dam)
Power/strength
दज़¶ (Darzi)
Tailor
दरबार (Darbar)
(Royal) Court
दरवाज़ा (Darvaza)
Door
दरबान (Darban)
Gatekeeper, janitor
दरया (Dariya)
River
दजा% (Darja)
Grade/level/class
दद% (Dard)
Pain
दश%न(Darshan)
Sight/view/vision
दल(Dal)
Party, gang
द लत (Dalit)
One of the ‘oppressed’
castes or classes
दवाखाना (Davakhana)
Pharmacy
ig (Pai)
Bag
fyf«/FH¥g« (Kalakam/Kuzhappam)
Riot
j©lid (Thandanai)
Punishment
n#ho/ïiz (Jodi/Inai)
Married couple, Pair
bj‰F (Thetrku)
mYtyf« (Aluvalakam)
South
Office
mG¤j« (Azhuththam)
Pressure
r¡â/tÈik(Sakthi/Valimai)
Power/Strength
ija‰fhu® (Thaiyatrakaarar)
Tailor
ca®k‹w« (Uyar Mantram)
(Royal) Court
fjî (Kathavu)
Door
thÆ‰fh¥ghs‹
(Vaayitrkaappaalan)
Gatekeeper, Janitor
MW (Aatru)
River
ju« (Tharam)
Grade/Level/Class
tÈ (Vali)
Pain
gh®it (Paarvai)
Sight/View/Vision
FG, T£l« (Kuzhu/Kuttam)
Party, Gang
xL¡f¥g£nlh®
(Odukkappattor)
One of the ‘Oppressed’
castes or classes.
kUªjf« (Marunthakam)
Pharmacy
194
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Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
195
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
दशक (Dashak)
Decade
द5त (Dast)
Diarrhoea
दह< (Dahi)
Yoghurt
दहे ज़ (Dahej)
Dowry
दाँत (Dant)
Tooth
वेश (Pravesh)
Admittance
दादा (Dada)
Grandfather
दान (Daan)
Donation/charity
दाम (Daam)
Price
दामाद (Damad)
Son in law
.दमाग (Dimag)
Brain/mind
.दल (Dil)
Heart
.दवस (Divas)
Day
.दसiबर(Disambar)
December
द<या (Diya)
Lamp
दःु ख (Dukh)
Sorrow/pain/distress
दक
ु ानदार (Dukandar)
Shopkeeper
दप
ु ¬ा (Dupatta)
Scarf, tippet
™g¤jh©LfŸ (Paththaandukal)
Decade
tÆ‰W¡fL¥ò (Vayitrtrukkaduppu)
Diarrhoea
jÆ® (Thayir)
Yoghurt
tuj£riz (Varathatchanai)
Dowry
g‰fŸ (Patrkal)
Tooth
cŸns mDkâ¤jš
(Ulle anumathiththal)
Admittance
jh¤jh (Thaaththaa)
Grandfather
e‹bfhil (Nankodai)
Donation/Charity
Éiy (Vilai)
Price
kUkf‹ (Marumagan)
Son in law
_is (Mulai)
Brain/mind
ïja« (Idhayam)
Heart
ehŸ (Naal)
Day
or«g® (Disambar)
December
És¡F (Vilakku)
Lamp
J¡f«/tÈ (Thukkam/Vali)
Sarrow/Pain/Distress
fil¡fhu® (Kadaikkaarar)
Shopkeeper
fG¤J¡F£il (Kazhuththukkuttai)
Scarf, Tippet
196
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
दEु मन (Dushman)
Enemy
दध
ू (Dudh)
Milk
दध
ू वाला (Dudhvala)
Dairyman
दरू दश%न (Durdarsan)
Television
ÙEय (Drishya)
Sight/scene
दे वता (Devta)
Deity
दे वर (Devar)
Brother in law
दे श (Desh)
Country
दे हांत (Dehant)
Death
दे हात (Dehat)
Rural area
दे हाती (Dehati)
Villager
दोपहर (Dopahar)
afternoon
दोष (Dosh)
Fault/offence
दोषी (Doshi)
Guilty person
दो5त (Dost)
Friend
दौरा (Daura)
Tour
¦व (Drav)
Liquid
¦1य (Dravya)
Substance
oवीप (Dvip)
Island
vâÇ (Ethiri)
Enemy
ghš (Paal)
Milk
ghšfhu® (Paalkaarar)
Dairyman
bjhiy¡fh£á (Tholaikkaatchi)
Television
fh£á (Kaatchi)
Sight/Scene
bjŒt¥ãwÉ (Theyvappitravi)
Deity
ik¤Jd‹ (Maiththunan)
Brother-in law
ehL (Naadu)
Country
ïw¥ò (Itrappu)
Death
cŸsl§»a gFâ
(Ulladankiya Pakuthi)
»uhkthá (Giraamavaasi)
Rural area
kâa« (Mathiyam)
Afternoon
F‰w«/jtW (Kutrtram/Thavatru)
Fault/Offence
F‰wthË (Kutrtravaali)
Guilty person
e©g‹ (Nanban)
Friend
R‰Wyh (Sutrtrulaa)
Tour
âut«/Ú®k« (Thiravam/Nirmam)
Liquid
bghUŸ (Porul)
Substance
Ôî (Thivu)
Island
Villager
198
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
199
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
धंधा (Dhandha)
Work
ध2का (Dhakka)
Push/shove
धड़ (Dhad)
Trunk
धन (Dhan)
Wealth
धRबा (Dhabba)
Stain/blot
धमाका (Dhamaka)
Explosion
धम% (Dharm)
Religion
धागा (Dhaga)
Thread
धारावा.हक (Dharavahik)
Serial on television
धीरज (Dhiraj)
Patience
धद
ंु (Dhundh)
Mist/fog/haze
धआ
ु ं (Dhuan)
Smoke
धम
ू धाम (Dhumdham)
Pomp and show
धÅ
ू पान (Dhumrapan)
Smoking
धोखा (Dhokha)
Trick/deceit
धोखेबाज़ (Dhokhebaz)
Fraudulent, trickster
धोबी (Dhobi)
Washerman
नंगापन (Nangapan)
Nakedness
ntiy (Velai)
Work
jŸS (Thallu)
Push/Shove
jªj«/gš (Thantham/Pal)
Trunk
ey« (Nalam)
Wealth
fiw (Katrai)
Stain/blot
xÈ/Xir (Oli/Osai)
Explosion
kj« (Matham)
Religion
üš/ïiH (Nul/Izhai)
Thread
beLªbjhl® (Nedunthodar)
Serial on Television
bghWik (Potrumai)
Patience
gÅ (Pani)
Mist/tos/haze
òif (Pukai)
Smoke
å© Ml«gu« (Vin Aadamparam)
Pomp and show
òifão¤jš (Pukaipidiththal)
Smoking
Nœ¢á/NJ(Suzhchchi/Suthu)
Trick/Deceit
Vkh‰W¡fhu‹/jªâu‹
(Emaatrtrukkaaran/Thanthiran)
Fraudulent/Trickster
ryit¤bjhÊyhË(Salavaiththozhilaali)
Washerman
kiw¥ã‹ik/Ã®thz«
(Matraippinmai/Nirvaanam)
Nakedness
200
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
201
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
नंदोई (Nandoi)
Brother in law
नंबर (Nambar)
Number/turn/chance
न2शा (Naqsha)
Map/plan
नगर (Nagar)
Town/city
नतीजा (Natija)
Result
नमक (Namak)
Salt
नमक न (Namkin)
Salty-savoury snack
नमूना (Namuna)
Sample/example/
specimen
नया (Naya)
New
नयापन (Nayapan)
Newness
नरक (Narak)
Hell
नल (Nal)
Tap
नवiबर (Navambar)
November
नशा (Nasha)
Intoxication
नाई (Nai)
Barber
नाखन
ू (Nakhun)
Nail(of finger, toe)
नागरक (Nagarik)
Citizen
नाच (Nach)
Dance/dancing
नाटक (Natak)
Drama/play
ik¤Jd‹ (Maiththunan)
Brother in law
v©/âU«ò/thŒ¥ò
(En/Thirumbu/Vaayppu)
Number/turn/chance
tiugl« (Varaipadam)
Map/Plan
efu« (Nagaram)
Town/City
Koî (Mudivu)
Result
c¥ò (Uppu)
Salt
c¥ò fyªj á‰W©o
(Uppu Kalantha Sitrtrundi)
Salty-savoury snack
òâJ (Puthithu)
òâjhf (Puthithaaka)
Sample/Example/
Specimen
New
Newness
euf« (Narakam)
Hell
FHhŒ (Kuzhaay)
Tap
et«g® (Navambar)
November
Fobt¿/nghij(Kudivetri/Bothai)
Intoxication
KoâU¤Jgt® (Mudithiruththupavar)
Barber
ef« (Nakam)
Nail (of finger, toe)
Fokf‹ (Kudimakan)
Citizen
eld«/eh£oa« (Nadanam/Naattiyam)
Dance/Dancing
ehlf« (Naatakam)
Drama/Play
khâÇ (Maathiri)
202
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
203
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
नाडा (Nada)
Trouser string
नाता (Nata)
Relationship
नाती (Nati)
Grandson
नाना (Nana)
Grandfather
(mother’s father)
नाम (Naam)
Name
नारा (Nara)
Slogan
नारयल (Nariyal)
Coconut
नाला (Nala)
Nullah/seasonal
stream/drain
नाEता (Nashta)
Breakfast/snack
नाि5तक (Nastik)
Atheist
'नगम (Nigam)
Corporation
'नचोड़ (Nichod)
Extract, squeeze
'नदÎ शक (Nirdeshak)
Director
'नबंध (Nibandh)
Essay
'नमंAण (Nimantran)
Invitation
'नयम (Niyam)
Rule/law
'नण%य (Nirnay)
Decision/judgement
fhšr£il fÆW (Kaal Sattai Kayitru)
Trouser String
cwîKiw (Utravumutrai)
Relationship
bgau‹/ngu‹ (Peyaran/Peran)
Grandson
jh¤jh (Thaaththaa)
Grandfather
(Mother’s father)
bga® (Peyar)
Name
r§nfj KH¡f«/á¿a th¡»a« (Sangetha
muzhakkam/ Sitriya Vaakkiyam)
Slogan
nj§fhŒ (Thenkaay)
Coconut
rh¡fil (Saakkadai)
Nullah/Seasonal
stream/Drain
fhiy czî (Kalai unavu)
Breakfast/Snack
eh¤âf‹ (Naaththikan)
Atheist
ÃWtd« (Nitruvanam)
Corporation
eR¡F/mG¤J/ãÊ
(Nasukku/Azhuththu/Pizhi)
Extract/Squeeze
ïa¡Fd® (Iyakkunar)
g¤â (Paththi)
Director
Essay
miH¥ãjœ (Azhappithazh)
Invitation
r£l« (Sattam)
Rule/Law
Koî/Ô®khd« (Mudivu/Thirmaanam)
Decision/Judgement
204
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
205
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
'नवास (Nivas)
Residence
'नवासी (Nivasi)
Resident
'नवेदन (Nivedan)
Formal request
'नशान (Nishan)
Mark/target
'नEचय (Nischay)
Decision
नक
ु सान (Nuqsan)
Loss
नृ य (Nritya)
Dance
नेता (Neta)
Leader/politician
नेपाल (Nepal)
Nepal
नेपाल< (Nepali)
A nepali
नौकर (Naukar)
Servant
नौजवान (Naujavan)
A youth/young man
पंखा (Pankha)
Fan
पंºडत (Pandit)
Pandit/ learned man
पf (Paksh)
Side (in argument)
पfी (Pakshi)
Bird
पखवारा (Pakhvara)
Fortnight
पड़ाव (Parav)
Camp
पड़ोस (Pados)
Neighbourhood
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Tamil
English
tá¥ãl«/åL (Vasippidam/Vidu)
Residence
tá¥gt® (Vasippavar)
r«ãujha nt©LnfhŸ
(Sambirathaaya vendukol)
Resident
Koî ((Mudivu)
Decision
e£l« (Nattam)
eld« (Nadanam)
jiyt®/muáašthâ
(Thalaivar/Arasiyalvaathi)
Loss
Dance
Leader/Politician
neghs« (Nepaalam)
Nepal
neghs‹/neghË(Nepaalan/Nepaali)
A Nepali
ntiyahŸ (Velaiyaal)
Servant
ïisP‹ (Ilaignan)
A youth / young man
Ä‹Éá¿ (Minvisitri)
Fan
m¿P‹ (Atrignan)
Pandit/Learned man
xU g¡f« (Oru pakkam)
Side (in argument)
gwit (Patravai)
Bird
ïu©L thu§fŸ (Irandu vaarankal)
Fortnight
Kfh« (Mukaam)
Camp
m©ik/mUfhik (Anmai/Arukaamai)
Neighbourhood
206
Mark/Target
Page
F¿/F¿¡nfhŸ(Kutri/Kutrikkol)
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Formal request
Page
207
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
पड़ोसी (Padosi)
Neighbour
पतंगा (Patanga)
Moth
पता (Pata)
Address
प'त (Pati)
Husband
पता (Patta)
Leaf
पथर (Patthar)
Stone
पA (Patra)
Letter
पAकार (Patrakar)
Journalist
पद (Pad)
पदाथ% (Padarth)
Position(in
employment)
Substance/material/
object
पनीर (Panir)
Cheese
प0ना (Panna)
Page
पर (Par)
Wing/feather
पदा% (Parda)
Curtain/veil/ purdah
परणाम (Parinam)
Result/consequence
परवत%न (Parivartan)
Change/alteration
परवार (Parivar)
Family
परBम (Parishram)
Hard work/labour/toil
पय%टक (Paryatak)
Tourist
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Tamil
English
mL¤j å£L¡fhu®
(Aduththa vittukkaarar)
mªJ¥ ó¢á/É£oš ó¢á
(Anthupuchi/Vittil puchi)
KftÇ (Mukavari)
Neighbour
fzt‹ (Kanavan)
ïiy (Ilai)
fš (Kal)
foj« (Kaditham)
Husband
Leaf
Stone
Letter
g¤âÇifahs® (Paththirikaiyaalar)
Journalist
Page
ïwF (Itraku)
Wing/Feather
âiu¢Óiy (Thiraichcheelai)
Curtain/Veil/Purdah
Éil/Koî (Vidai/Mudivu)
Result/Consequence
kh‰w« (Maatrtram)
Change/Alternation
FL«g« (Kudumbam)
Family
fod ciH¥ò (Kadina Uzhaippu)
Hardwork/labour/foil
R‰Wyh¥ gaÂ (Sutrtrulaappayani)
Tourist
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
ghyhil (Paalaadai)
g¡f« (Pakkam)
Position (in
employment)
Substance/Material/
Object
Cheese
208
bghUŸ (Porul)
Address
Page
tÇir/gâî_¥ò (Varisai/Pathivu muppu)
Moth
Page
209
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
पय%टन (Paryatan)
Tourism
पया%वरण (Paryavaran)
Environment
पलंग (Palang)
Bed
पल (Pal)
Moment
पशु (Pashu)
Beast/animal
पिEचम (Pashchim)
West
पसीना (Pasina)
Sweat
पहरा (Pehra)
Watch
पहलू (Pahlu)
Aspect
पहाड़ (Pahar)
Hill/mountain
प.हया (Pahiya)
Wheel
पाँव (Pav)
Foot/leg
पाक5तान (Pakistan)
Pakistan
पागलखाना (Pagalkhana)
Asylum/madhouse
पाठ (Path)
Reading/lesson/
chapter
पाठक (Pathak)
Reader
पाA (Patra)
Container/character
(in drama)
R‰WyhÉaš (Sutrtrulaaviyal)
Tourism
NHÈaš (Suzhaliyal)
Environment
gL¡if (Padukkai)
Bed
rka«/bghGJ/neu«
(Samayam/Pozhuthu/Neram)
Moment
Éy§F/ÄUf« (Vilanku/Mirukam)
Beast/Animal
nk‰F (Metrku)
West
Éa®it (Viyarvai)
Sweat
fofhu« (Kadikaaram)
Watch
gh®it/njh‰w«/Ãiy
(Paarvai/Thotrtram/Nilai)
F‹W (Kuntru)
Aspect
Hill/Mountain
r¡fu« (Sakkaram)
Wheel
ghj«/fhš (Paatham/Kaal)
Foot/Leg
gh»°jh‹ (Paakisthaan)
Pakistan
kdey ÉLâ (Mananala Viduthi)
Asylum/Mad house
ghl« (Paadam)
ÉÇîiuahs® (Virivuraiyaalar)
Reading/Lesson/
Chapter
Reader
fjhgh¤âu«/gh¤âu«
(Kadhaapaaththiram/Paaththiram)
Character (in
drama)/Container
210
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
211
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
पान (Paan)
Paan/betel leaf
पानी (Pani)
Water
पाप (Paap)
Sin
पापा (Papa)
Father/papa
पापी (Papi)
Sinful-sinner
Cपंजरा (Pinjra)
Cage
CपÚवारा (Pichhvara)
Rear(of building)
Cपता (Pita)
Father
पीछा (Picha)
Rear
पीतल (Pital)
Brass
पु°य (Punya)
पज़
ु ा% (Purza)
Virtuous(earned by
good actions)
Part/component(of a
machine)
/scrap/piece(of paper)
पुर5कार (Puraskar)
Prize/award
पुल (Pul)
Bridge
पु लंदा (Pulinda)
Sheaf
पु लसवाला (Pulisvala)
Policeman
पूवज
% (Purvaj)
Ancestor/forebear
पूवा%dह (Purvagrah)
Prejudice
Tamil
English
bt‰¿iy (Vetrtrilai)
Paan/Betel leaf
j©Ù® (Thannir)
Water
ght« (Paavam)
Sin
m¥gh (Appaa)
Father/Papa
ghÉ (Paavi)
Sinful-sinner
T©L (Kundu)
Cage
f£ol¤â‹ ã‹òw«
(Kattidaththin Pinputram)
jªij (Thanthai)
Rear of building
ã‹òw« (Pinputram)
Rear
ã¤jis (Piththalai)
Brass
ò©Âa« (Punniyam)
Virtuous (earned by
good actions)
áWgFâ/J©L
(Sitrupakuthi/Thundu)
Part/Component (of a
machine)/Scarp/piece
(of paper)
gÇR (Parisu)
Prize/Award
ghy« (Paalam)
Bridge
fâ®¡f£L (Kadhirkkattu)
Sheaf
fhty® (Kaavalar)
Policeman
_jhija® (Muthaathaiyar)
j¥bg©z«/ghug£r«
(Thappennam/Paarapatcham)
Ancestor/forebear
Father
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
212
Prejudice
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (HINDI) continued….
Hindi
English
पेच (Pech)
Screw
पेचकस (Pechkas)
Screwdriver
पेट (Pet)
Stomach/belly
पेड़ (Ped)
Tree
पेशा (Pesha)
Profession
पेशाब (Peshab)
Urine
पैर (Pair)
Foot
पैसा (Paisa)
Money
पोता (Pota)
Grandson
पौधा (Paudha)
Plant
mयाज़ (Pyaz)
Onion
mयार (Pyar)
Love/affection
Page
213
mयाला (Pyala)
Cup
काश (Prakash)
Light
'त>बiब (Pratibimb)
Reflection
Tamil
English
âUfhÂ/kiuahÂ
(Thirukaani/Maraiyaani)
Screw
âU¥òË (Thiruppuli)
Screwdriver
tÆW (Vayitru)
Stomach/belly
ku« (Maram)
Tree
ntiy/gÂ (Velai/Pani)
Profession
áW Ú® (Sitrunir)
Urine
ghj« (Paatham)
Foot
gz«/fhR (Panam/Kaasu)
Money
ngu‹ (Peran)
Grandson
bro (Chedi)
Plant
bt§fha« (Venkaayam)
Onion
m‹ò/fhjš (Anbu/Kaadhal)
Love/Affection
Fo¡F« gh¤âu«/»©z«
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Cup
Light
ãuâã«g« (Pirathibimbam)
Reflection
Page
btË¢r« (Velichcham)
214
(Kudikkum Paaththiram/Kinnam)
Page
215
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (HINDI) continued….
Hindi
English
तीक (Pratik)
Symbol
दश%न (Pradarsan)
Show
दष
ू ण (Pradushan)
Pollution
दे श (Pradesh)
Region
धानमंAी(Pradhan Mantri)
Prime minister
भाव (Prabhav)
Influence/effect
माण (Praman)
Evidence
यास (Prayas)
Effort/attempt
योग (Prayog)
Use/usage
योजन (Prayojan)
Purpose/objective
वेश (Pravesh)
Entry/entrance
शfण (Prashikshan)
Training
Eन (Prashn)
Question
ा]यापक (Pradhyapak)
Lecturer
ेम (Prem)
Love
ेमी (Premi)
Lover
ोdाम (Program)
Programme/
schedule/routine
ोसाहन (Protsahan)
Encouragement
milahs« (Adaiyaalam)
Symbol
fh£á (Kaatchi)
Show
khR (Maasu)
Pollution
k©ly« (Mandalam)
Region
ãujk kªâÇ/Kj‹ik mik¢r®
(Pirathama Manthiri/Muthanmai
Amaichchar)
Prime Minister
bršth¡F (Selvaakku)
Influence/Effect
rh‹W (Saantru)
Evidence
Ka‰á (Muyatrchi)
Effort/Attempt
ga‹/ga‹ghL (Payan/Payanpaadu)
Use/Usage
neh¡f« (Nokkam)
Purpose/Objective
mDkâ/EiHî (Anumathi/Nuzhaivu)
Entry/Entrance
gÆ‰á (Payitrchi)
Training
nfŸÉ/Édh (Kelvi/Vinaa)
Question
ÉÇîiuahs® (Virivuraiyaalar)
Lecturer
m‹ò/fhjš (Anbu/Kaadhal)
Love
fhjy® (Kaadhalar)
Lover
Ãfœ¢á Ãuš (Nigazhchchi niral)
Programme/Schedule/R
outine
C¡fKilik (Ukkamudaimai)
Encouragement
216
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
217
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (HINDI) continued….
Hindi
English
फ0दा(Phanda)
Trap/snare
फफोला(Phaphola)
Blister
फ़क% (Farq)
Difference
फज़% (Farz)
Duty
फश% (Farsh)
Floor
फल (Phal)
Fruit
फलवाला(Phalvala)
Fruitseller
फाटक(Phatak)
Gate
फायदा(Fayda)
Profit
फावड़ा (Phavra)
Spade
फ ता(Fita)
Tape/ribbon
फुफेरा भाई (Phuphera Bhai)
Cousin(son of father’s
sister)
फुhका (Phulka)
Bread
फूफा (Phupha)
Uncle(father’s sister’s
husband)
फूल (Phul)
Flower
फेफड़ा (Phephda)
Lungs
फैसला (Faisla)
Decision/ judgement
फोटो (Foto)
Photograph
bgh¿ (Potri)
Trap/Snare
bfh¥òs«/R£lò©
(Koppulam/Suttapun)
Bister
ntWghL/nt‰Wik
(Vetrupaadu/Vetrtrumai)
Difference
flik (Kadamai)
Duty
jiu (Tharai)
Floor
gH« (Pazham)
Fruit
gH ÉahghÇ (Pazha Viyaapaari)
Fruit seller
fjî (Kadhavu)
Gate
tUkhd« (Varumaanam)
Profit
k©bt£o (Manvetti)
Spade
ehlh/fÆW (Naadaa/Kayitru)
Tape/rippon
m¤jh‹ (Aththaan)
Cousin
(Son of father’s sister)
buh£o¤ J©L (Rotti Thundu)
khkh/khk‹ (Maamaa/Maaman)
Bread
Uncle
(Father’s sister’s
husband)
ky® (Malar)
Flower
Eiupuš (Nuraiyiral)
Lungs
Koî (Mudivu)
Decision/Judgement
òif¥gl« (Pukaippadam)
Photograph
218
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
219
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (HINDI) continued….
Hindi
English
फोन (Fon)
Telephone/phone call
±ांसीसी (Fransisi)
Frenchman
²लैट (Flait)
Flat/apartment
ब0दर (Bandar)
Monkey
बंद< (Bandi)
Prisoner
बकरा (Bakra)
Billy goat
ब2सा (Baksa)
Box
बगीचा (Bagicha)
Garden
बचपन (Bachpan)
Childhood
बnचा (Baccha)
Child
बटुआ (Batua)
Purse/wallet
बढ़ई (Badhai)
Carpenter
बदमाश (Badmash)
wicked/villain
बदला (Badla)
Revenge
बरगद (Bargad)
Banyan(tree)
बत%न (Bartan)
Utensil/dish
बता%व (Bartav)
Behaviour/treatment
(of someone)
बरस (Baras)
Year
bjhiyngá/bjiyngá miH¥ò
(Tholaipesi/Tholaipesi Azhaippu)
Telephone/Phone call
ãbuŠR¡fhu‹ (Brenchukkaaran)
Frenchman
mL¡ff« (Adukkakam)
Flat/Apartment
Fu§F (Kuranku)
Monkey
F‰wthË (Kutrtravaali)
M© ML (Aan Aadu)
bg£o (Petti)
Prisoner
Billy Goat
njh£l« (Thottam)
Garden
FHªij¥gUt« (Kuzhanthaip paruvam)
Childhood
FHªij (Kuzhanthai)
Child
gz¥ig (Panappai)
Purse/Wallet
j¢r® (Thachchar)
Carpenter
vâ®Ãiy ehaf‹ (Ethirnilai Naayakan)
Wicked/Villain
gÊ (Pazhi)
Myku« (Aalamaram)
Revenge
Banyan Tree
gh¤âu« (Paaththiram)
Utensil/Dish
gH¡ftH¡f«/á»¢ir
(Pazhakkavazhakkam/Sikichchai)
Behaviour/Treatment
(of someone)
M©L/tUl« (Aandu/Varudam)
Year
Box
220
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
221
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
बफ% (Barf)
Ice/snow
बल (Bal)
Strength
बल (Bal)
Twist/bend/wrinkle
ब लदान (Balidan)
Sacrifice
बसंत (Basant)
Spring(season)
बस (Bas)
Power/control
बहनोई (Behanoi)
Brother in law(sister’s
husband)
बहाना (Bahana)
Pretext/excuse
बहाव (Bahav)
Flow/current
बहुवचन (Bahuvachan)
Plural
बांध (Bandh)
Dam
बाँस (Bans)
Bamboo
बाग (Baag)
Garden/park
बाघ (Bagh)
Tiger
बाज़ार (Bazaar)
Market
बादल (Badal)
Cloud
बादशाह (Badshah)
Emperor
बादाम (Badam)
Almond
gÅ (Pani)
Ice/Snow
gy«/tÈik (Palam/Valimai)
Strength
tisî/RU¡f« (Valaivu/Surukkam)
Twist/bend/wrinkle
âahf« (Thiyaakam)
Sacrifice
trªj« (Vasantham)
Spring (Season)
r¡â (Sakthi)
Power/Control
m¤jh‹/ik¤Jd‹
(Aththaan/Maiththunan)
Brother in law (Sister’s
husband)
fhuz«/k‹Å¤jš
(Kaaranam/Manniththal)
X£l« (Ottam)
Pretext/excuse
g‹ik (Panmai)
Plural
miz (Anai)
Dam
_§»š (Munkil)
Bambo
njh£l«/ó§fh (Thottam/Punkaa)
Garden/Park
òÈ (Puli)
Tiger
rªij (Santhai)
Market
nkf« (Mekam/Megham)
Cloud
nguur® (Perarasar)
Emperor
thjh§bfh£il (Vaadhaankottai)
Almond
Flow/Current
222
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
223
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (HINDI) continued….
Hindi
English
बाप (Baap)
Dad
बाबा (Baba)
Father
बाबू (Babu)
Title of address for a
respected man/clerk
बाँया (Baya)
Left
बाल (Baal)
Hair
बाल (Baal)
Child/infant
बाल बnचे (Baal-Bacche)
Children
>बंद ु (Bindu)
Dot/drop/point
>बछौना (Bichauna)
Bedding
>बल (Bil)
Hole
बीच (Beech)
Middle
बीच म@ (Bich Me)
In the middle
बीज (Bij)
Seed
बख
ु ार (Bukhar)
Fever
बज़
ु ग
ु % (Buzurg)
Elderly-old person
बढ़
ु ापा (Burhapa)
Old age
बुq (Buddh)
Enlightened-the
buddha
m¥gh (Appaa)
Dad
m¥gh (Appaa)
Father
kÇahij¡FÇa eg®
(Mariyaathaikkutriya Nabar)
Title of address for a
respected man/ clerk
(babu)
ïlJ (Idathu)
Left
Ko (Mudi)
Hair
FHªij (Kuzhanthai)
Child/Infant
FHªijfŸ (Kuzhanthaikal)
Children
òŸË/JË (Pulli/Thuli)
Dot/Drop/Point
gL¡if (Padukkai)
Bedding
Jis (Thulai)
Hole
eL ika« (Nadu Maiyam)
Middle
eLÉš (Naduvil)
In the middle
Éij (Vithai)
Seed
fhŒ¢rš (Kaaychchal)
Fever
taâš _¤jt® (Vaythil Muththavar)
Elderly - old person
tajhdt® (Vayathaanavar)
Old age
ò¤j® (Buththar)
Enlightened – the
buddha
224
English
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
225
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (HINDI) continued….
Hindi
English
बुCqजीवी(Buddhijivi)
Intellectual
बq
ु ू (Buddhu)
Fool/dumbo
बुधवार (Budhvar)
Wednesday
बुलबुला (Bulbula)
Bubble
³ह5प'तवार(Brhaspativar)
Thursday
बेटा (Beta)
Son
बेवकूफ (Bevaquf)
Stupid/fool
ब+क (Baink)
Bank(financial)
ब+गन (Baigan)
Aubergine
बैल (Bail)
Bullock/ox
बोरा (Bora)
Sack
बौq (Bauddh)
A buddhist
Rयाह (Byah)
Marriage/wedding
Rयोरा (Byora)
Details/detailed
³ा¾मण (Brahman)
Brahman
भगवान (Bhagvan)
God/the supreme
being
भजन (Bhajan)
Devotional song/hymn
भतीजा (Bhatija)
Nephew
भय (Bhay)
Fear/dread
ò¤âkh‹ (Buththimaan)
Intellectual
K£lhŸ (Muttaal)
Fool/Dumbo
òj‹ »Hik (Pudhan Kizhamai)
Wednesday
Ú®¡FÄÊ (Nirkkumizhi)
Bubble
வ யாழ[கிழைம
(Viyaalakkilamai)
Thursday
kf‹ (Magan)
Son
K£lhŸ (Muttaal)
Stupid/Fool
t§» (Vanki)
Bank (Financial)
f¤jÇ¡fhŒ (Kaththarikkaay)
Aubergine
vUJ/fhis (Eruthu/Kaalai)
Bullock/Ox
rh¡F/_£il (Saakku/Muttai)
Sack
bgs¤j®fŸ (Bouththarkal)
A Buddhist
âUkz« (Thirumanam)
Marriage/Wedding
És¡f« (Vilakkam)
Details/Detailed
ãu«k‹ (Biramman)
flîŸ (Kadavul)
Brahman
God/The supreme
being
bjŒt¥ghlšfŸ (Theyvappaadalgal)
Devotional/Song/humn
kUkh‹ (Marumaan)
Nephew
ga« (Payam)
Fear/Dread
226
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
227
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
भरोसा (Bharosa)
Trust/reliance
भCव9य (Bhavishya)
Future
भाई (Bhai)
Brother
भाग (Bhag)
Part/share
भा¥य (Bhagya)
Fortune/fate
भांजा (Bhanja)
Nephew/sister’s son
भाप (Bhap)
Steam
भार (Bhar)
Weight/burden
भारत(Bharat)
India
भारतीय (Bharatiya)
Indian
भार<पन (Bharipan)
Heaviness
भाव (Bhav)
Emotion
भालू (Bhalu)
Bear
भाषण (Bhashan)
Speech/lecture
भखार< (Bhikhari)
Beggar
भूकंप (Bhukamp)
Earthquake
भूगोल (Bhugol)
Geography
भूत (Bhut)
Ghost
c©ik/e«ã¡if (Unmai/Nambikkai)
Trust/Reliance
vâ®fhy« (Ethirkaalam)
Future
rnfhju‹ (Sakotharan)
Brother
gFâ/g§F (Pakuthi/Panku)
Part/Share
Éâ (Vithi)
Fortune/Fate
kUkh‹ (Marumaan)
Nephew/Sister’s son
ÚuhÉ (Niraavi)
Steam
vil/ghu« (Edai/Baaram)
Weight/Burden
ïªâah (Indhiyaa)
India
ïªâa‹ (Indhiyan)
Indian
fd« (Kanam)
Heaviness
cz®¢á (Unarchchi)
Emotion
fuo (Karadi)
Bear
ng¢R/ciu (Pechchu/Urai)
Speech/Lecture
ã¢ir¡fhu‹ (Pichchaikkaaran)
Beggar
ÃyeL¡f« (Nilanadukkam)
Earthquake
òÉÆaš (Puviyiyal)
Geography
MÉ (Aavi)
Ghost
228
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
भूमंडल (Bhumandal)
The earth, the globe
भूमंडल<करण (Bhumandalikaran)
Globalization
भल
ू सध
ु ार-(Bhul Sudhar)
Correction
भेद (Bhed)
Difference
भेदभाव (Bhedbhav)
Discrimination
भैया (Bhaiya)
Brother
भोजन (Bhojan)
Food
µ9टाचार(Bhrastachar)
Corruption
मंगल (Mangal)
Auspicious
मंगलवार (Mangalvar)
Tuesday
मंच (Manch)
Stage/platform
मंAी (Mantri)
Minister
मं.दर (Mandir)
Temple/shrine
मकान (Makan)
House
म2खन (Makkhan)
Butter
The Cologne Cathedral,
Page
229
Cologne, Germany
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Tamil
English
cyf« (Ulakam)
cyfka« (Ulagamayam)
âU¤j« (Thiruththam)
ntWghL/nt‰Wik
(Vetrupaadu/Vetrtrumai)
gF¤j¿î (Pakuththatrivu)
rnfhju‹ (Sakotharan)
czî (Unavu)
CHš (Uzhal)
Rg«/k§fy« (Subam/Mankalam)
br›thŒ»Hik(Chevvaaykkizhamai)
nkil (Medai)
kªâÇ/mik¢r® (Manthiri/Amaichchar)
nfhÉš (Kovil)
åL (Vidu)
bt©bzŒ (Venney)
The Earth, the globe
Globalization
Correction
Spiral Mosque
Qatar
230
Stage/Platform
Minister
Temple/Shrine
House
Butter
Page
Discrimination
Brother
Food
Corruption
Auspicious
Tuesday
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Difference
Page
231
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
मगरमnछ (Magar-Macch)
Crocodile
मज़दरू (Mazdur)
Labourer
मज़ा (Maza)
Fun
मज़ाक (Mazaq)
Joke
मतलब (Matlab)
Meaning
मन (Man)
Mind/heart
मनु9य (Manushya)
Man/person/human being
मनोरं जन (Manoranjan)
Entertainment
मर<ज़ (Mariz)
Patient
म[5थल (Marusthal)
Desert
मद% (Mard)
Male/man
मम% (Marm)
Vital part/core
मलबा (Malba)
Rubble
मसाला (Masala)
Spice
महव (Mahattva)
Importance
महबब
ू (Mahbub)
Beloved
महल (Mahal)
Palace
महाoवीप (Mahadvip)
Continent
Kjiy (Muthalai)
Crocodile
bjhÊyhË (Thozhilaali)
Labourer
áÇ¥ò (Sirippu)
Fun
eif¢rit¤JQ¡F
(Nakaichchuvaiththunukku)
Joke
bghUŸ/m®¤j« (Porul/Arththam)
Meaning
kd«/ïja« (Manam/Idhayam)
Mind/Heart
kÅj‹ (Manithan)
Man/Person/Human
being
bghGJngh¡F (Pozhuthupokku)
Entertainment
nehahË (Noyaali)
Patient
ghiytd« (Paalivanam)
Desert
M© (Aan)
Male/Man
ï‹¿aikahgFâ/k¤âa ghf«
(Intriyamaiyaa pakuthi/Maththiya paakam)
Vital/Part/Core
f‰FÉaš (Katrkuviyal)
Rubble
krhyh/thridâuÉa«
(Masaala/Vaasanai Thiraviyam)
Spice
K¡»a¤Jt« (Mukkiyaththuvam)
Importance
m‹ò¡FÇa (Anbukkuriya)
Beloved
khËif (Maaligai)
Palace
f©l« (Kandam)
Continent
232
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
233
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
महानगर(Mahanagar)
City/metropolis
महायq
ु (Mahayuddh)
Great war
महारा9 (Maharastra)
Maharashtra
मह<ना (Mahina)
माँ-बाप (Ma- Bap)
Month
Sir(honorific used in
letters)
Parents
मास (Mas)
Meat/flesh
माता Cपता (Mata Pita)
Parents
माथा (Matha)
Forehead
मानव (Manav)
Human/man
मायने (Mayne)
That is, i. e.meaning/sense
मामला (Mamla)
Matter/affair
मामा (Mama)
Maternal uncle
मायका (Mayka)
Married woman’s
parental home
माग% (Maarg)
Route/way
माच% (March)
March
माल (Maal)
Goods
मा लक (Malik)
Boss/owner
महोदय (Mahoday)
efu« (Nakaram)
City/Metropolis
bgU«ngh® (Perumpor)
Great war
kfhuhZou« (Makaraashtiram)
Maharashtra
khj« (Maatham)
Month
Iah (Iyyaa)
Sir (honorific used in
letters)
bg‰nwh® (Petrtror)
Parents
ïiw¢á/rij (Itraichchi/Sathai)
Meat/Flesh
bg‰nwh® (Petrtror)
Parents
be‰¿ (Netrtri)
Forehead
kÅj‹ (Manithan)
Human/Man
bghUŸ/m¿î (Porul/Atrivu)
That is i.e.,
meaning/sense
Éõa«/brŒâ (Vishayam/Seythi)
Matter/Affair
jhŒkhk‹ (Thaaymaaman)
Maternal uncle
jhŒ åL (Thaay Vidu)
Married woman’s
paternal home
tÊ (Vazhi)
Route/way
kh®¢ khj« (Maarch Maatham)
March
rhkh‹fŸ (Saamaankal)
Goods
cÇikahs® (Urimaiyaalar)
Boss/Owner
234
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
मकान मा लक
Page
235
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
(Makan Malik)
English
Householder
माल< (Mali)
Gardener
मास (Mas)
Month
माहौल (Mahaul)
Ambience
मजाज़ (Mizaj)
Temperament
म¬ी का तेल(Mitti Ka Tel)
Kerosene
मA (Mitr)
Friend
मनट (Minat)
Minute
मBण (Misran)
Mixture
म5Aी (Mistri)
Mechanic/artisan/skilled
worker
मुह (Muh)
Mouth/face
मक
ु दमा (Muqadma)
Lawsuit/case
मुकाबला (Muqabla)
Challenge/competition/ri
valry
मुग़ल (Mugal)
Mughal
मग
ु % (Murg)
Cock/cockerel
मुसलमान (Musalman)
Muslim
मुहावरा (Muhavra)
Saying/idiom
मख
ू % (Murkh)
Fool
FL«g¤jh® (Kudambaththaar)
House holder
njh£l¡fhu® (Thottakkaarar)
Gardener
khj« (Maatham)
Month
R‰W¥òw¢ NœÃiy
(Sutrtrupputrach chuzhnilai)
Ambience
clšey« (Udalnalam)
Temperament
k©bz©bzŒ (Mannenney)
Kerosene
e©g‹ (Nanban)
Friend
ÃÄl« (Nimidam)
Minute
fyit (Kalavai)
Mixture
vªâu¥ gGjhs‹ (Enthirap pazhuthaalan)
Mechanic/Artisan/Skill
ed worker
thŒ/Kf« (Vaay/Mukam)
Mouth/Face
tH¡F (Vazhakku)
Lawsuit/Case
rthš/ngh£o (Savaal/Potti)
Challenge/Competitio
n/Rivalry
Kfyha® (Mugalaayar)
Mughal
nrtš (Seval)
Cock/Cockerel
ï°yhÄa‹ (Islaamiyan)
Muslim
gHbkhÊ (Pazhamozhi)
Saying/idiom
K£lhŸ/Kul‹ (Muttaal/Muradan)
Fool
236
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
237
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
मूल (Mul)
Origin/root
मूhय (Mulya)
Value/price
मग
ृ (Mrig)
Deer
मेढ़क (Medhak)
Frog
मेज़बान (Mezban)
Host
मेला (Mela)
Fair
मेहमान (Mehman)
Guest
मैदा (Maida)
Fine ground flour
मैदान (Maidan)
Open area/playing field/
plain
मोज़ा (Moza)
Sock
मोड़ (Mod)
Turn/turning
मोती (Moti)
Pearl
मोम (Mom)
Wax
मोर (Mor)
Peacock
मोचा% (Morcha)
Front (military, political)
मोल (Mol)
Price/value
मोल लेना (Mol Lena)
To buy/to take on/buy
into/to get into something
मोल भाव (Mol Bhav)
Haggling/bargaining
मौका (Mauqa)
Chance/opportunity
_y«/nt® (Mulam/Ver)
Orisin/Root
kâ¥ò/Éiy (Mathippu/Vilai)
Value/Price
kh‹ (Maan)
Deer
jtis (Thavalai)
Frog
ÉUªjË¥gt® (Viruthalippavar)
Host
mHF (Azhagu)
Fair
ÉUªâd® (Virunthinar)
Guest
ikjh (Maithaa)
Fine Ground Flour
âwªjbtË/âlš (Thitranthaveli/Thidal)
Open
area/Playingfield/Plai
fhYiw (Kaalutrai)
Sock
âU¥g« (Thiruppam)
Turn/turning
K¤J (Muththu)
Pearl
bkGF (Mezhuku)
Wax
kÆš (Mayil)
Peacock
ngh®Kid (Pormunai)
Front (Military,
Political)
Price/Value
Éiy/kâ¥ò (Vilai/Mathippu)
th§F (Vaanku)
To buy/to take on/buy
into/to get into
fl‹bgWjš (Kadanpetruthal)
Huggling/bargaining
thŒ¥ò (Vaayppu)
Chance/Opportunity
238
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
239
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
मौसम (Mausam)
Weather
मौसा (Mausa)
Uncle (husband of
mother’s sister)
यक न (Yaqin)
Confidence/faith/belief
यथाथ% (Yatharth)
Real
यथाथ%वाद (Yatharthvad)
Realism
यश (Yash)
Fame/renown
यातायात (Yatayat)
Transport
याAी (Yatri)
Traveller/passenger
यार (Yar)
Friend/pal
यग
ु (Yug)
Historical age/period
यq
ु (Yuddh)
War
युवक (Yuvak)
A youth/young man
योग (Yog)
Yoga
योगदान (Yogdan)
Contribution (to a cause)
रं ग (Rang)
Colour/dye
रं गरे ज़ (Rangrez)
Dyer
रईस (Rais)
Aristocrat/nobleman/wea
lthy person
र2त (Rakt)
Blood
fhyÃiy (Kaalanilai)
Weather
á¤j¥gh (Siththappaa)
Uncle (Husband of
Mother’s Sister)
e«ã¡if (Nambikkai)
Confidence/Faith/
Belief
c©ik/vjh®¤j«
(Unmai/Ethaarththam)
Real
vjh®¤jthj« (Etharthavaatham)
Realism
bt‰¿/òfœ (Vetrtri/Pugazh)
Fame/Renown
ngh¡Ftu¤J (Pokkuvaraththu)
Transport
gaÂ (Payani)
Travella/Passenger
e©g‹ (Nanban)
Friend/Pal
íf«/tuyh‰W¡fhy«
(Yugam/Varalaatrtrukkaalam)
Historical age/Period
ngh® (Por)
War
ïisP‹ (Ilaignan)
A youth/Young Man
âahd« (Thiyaanam)
Yoga
bfhil (Kodai)
Contribution (to a
cause)
t©z«/rha« (Vannam/Saayam)
Colour/due
rha« nghLgt® (Saayam Podupavar)
Dyer
kâ¥òÄ¡f kÅj‹
(Mathippu mikka manithan)
Aristocrat/Nobleman/
Wealthy person
u¤j«/FUâ (Raththam/Kuruthi)
Blood
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
र2तचाप(Raktachap)
Bloodpressure
रन (Ratna)
Jewel/gem
रCववार (Ravivar)
Sunday
रवैया (Ravaiya)
Attitude/conduct/manner
रस (Ras)
Juice
र सक (Rasik)
One who takes delight in
something/a connoisseur
रसोइया (Rasoiya)
Cook
रह5य (Rahasya)
Secret/mystery
राज़ (Raz)
Secret
राजदत
ू (Rajdut)
Ambassador
राजदत
ू ावास (Rajdutavas)
Embassy
राजनी'तa (Rajnitijna)
(pronounced ‘rajnitigya’) politician
राजा (Raja)
King/raja
रात का खाना
(Rat Ka Khana)
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241
रा9 (Rashtra)
Dinner
State
u¤j mG¤j«
(Raththa Azhuththam)
Blood Pressure
u¤âd¡fš (Raththinakkal)
Jewel/Gem
PhÆ‰W¡»Hik
(Gnaayitrtrukkizhamai)
Sunday
el¤ij/xG¡f«
(Nadaththai/Ozhukkam)
Attitude/Conduct/
Manner
rhW (Saatru)
Juice
One who takes delight
in something/a
connoisseur
fiytšyt‹/uáf‹
(Kalaivallavan/Rasigan)
rikaš (Samaiyal)
Cook
ufáa« (Ragasiyam)
Secret/Mystery
இரகசியமான
(Irakaciyamana)
Secret
muR öj® (Arasuthuthar)
Ambassador
öjuf« (Thutharakam)
Embassy
muáašthâ (Arasiyalvaathi)
Politician
mur‹/k‹d‹
(Arasan/mannan)
King/Raja
ïuî czî (Iravu Unavu)
Dinner
khÃy« (Maanilam)
State
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
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Hindi
English
रा9वाद (Rastravad)
Nationalism
रा9वाद< (Rastravadi)
Nationalist
रा5ता (Rasta)
Road/way
र2शा (Riksha)
Rickshaw
र2शा-वाला
(Riksha-Vala)
Rikshaw driver
रवाज (Rivaj)
Custom/practice
रEता (Rishta)
Connection/relationship
रEतेदार (Rishtedar)
Relation/relative
[पया (Rupaya)
Rupee/money
Zप (Rup)
Form/beauty
[माल (Rumal)
Handkerchief
Zस (Rus)
Russia
[सी (Rusi)
Russian
रे Oग5तान (Registan)
Desert
रे ºडयो (Rediyo)
Radio
रोग(Rog)
Illness
रोगी (Rogi)
Patient
रोज़ (Roz)
Every day/daily
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Tamil
English
njáathj« (Thesiyavaatham)
Nationalism
njáathâ (Thesiyavaathi)
Nationalist
rhiy/tÊ (Saalai/Vazhi)
Road/Way
gÆ‰á (Payitrchi)
Custom/Practice
bjhl®ò/cwî Kiw
(Thodarpu/Utravumutrai)
Connection/
Relationship
cwî/cwÉd® (Utravu/Utravinar)
Relation/Relative
%ghŒ/gz« (Rubaay/Panam)
Rupee/Money
tot«/mHF (Vadivam/Azhaku)
Form/Beauty
if¡F£il (Kaikkuttai)
Handkerchief
uZah (Rashyaa)
Russia
uZa‹ (Rashyan)
Russian
ghiytd« (Paalaivanam)
Desert
thbdhÈ (Vaanoli)
Radio
RfÄ‹ik (Sugaminmai)
Illness
nehahË (Noyaali)
Patient
âdK« (Thinamum)
Every day/Daily
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Rickshaw Driver
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Rickshaw
Page
_‹W r¡fu Äât©o (Muntru Sakkara
Mithivandi)
_‹W r¡fu Äât©o X£Ld® (Muntru
Sakkara Mithivandi Ottunar)
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
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Hindi
English
ल0दन (Landan)
London
लक र का फक र (Lakir Ka Faqir)
Someone who treads an
established path
लखप'त (Lakhpati)
Owner of lakhs/ i. e. A
‘millionaire’
लड़कपन (Larakpan)
Boyhood/childhood/
childishness
लड़का (Ladka)
Boy
लहसुन (Lehsun)
Garlic
लाभ (Labh)
Profit/advantage
लालच (Lalach)
Greed
लंग (Ling)
Gender (in grammar)
लफाफा (Lifafa)
Envelope
लुफ़ (Lutf)
Enjoyment/pleasure
लेख (Lekh)
Article (written)
लेखक (Lekhak)
Writer/author
लेखन (Lekhan)
Writing
लेना दे ना (Lena Dena)
Dealings/connection
लोकगीत (Lokgit)
Folksong
y©l‹ (Landan)
London
ViHahÆD« jhd« bfhL¥gt‹
(Ezhaiyaayinum Thaanam Koduppavan)
Someone who treads
an established path
y£rhâgâ (Latchaathipathi)
Owner of lakhs/ie A
Millionare
FHªij¥gUt« (Kuzhanthaipparuvam)
Boyhood/Childhood/
Childishness
iga‹ (Paiyan)
Boy
ó©L (Pundu)
Garlic
yhg« (Laabam)
Profit/Advantage
nguhir (Peraasai)
Greed
ghš (Paal)
Gender (in grammar)
KftÇ (Mukavari)
Envelope
k»œ¢á (Magizhchchi)
Enjoyment/Pleasure
f£Liu (Katturai)
Article (written)
vG¤jhs® (Ezhuththaalar)
Writer/Author
vGJjš (Ezhuthuthal)
Writing
bjhl®ò (Thodarpu)
Dealings/Connection
eh£L¥òw¥ghlš (Naattupputrappaadal)
Folksong
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
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Hindi
English
लोग (Log)
People
लोभ (Lobh)
Greed
लोहा (Loha)
Iron
वक ल (Vaqil)
Lawyer
व2त (Vaqt)
Time
वचन (Vachan)
Word/promise
वज़न (Vazan)
Weight
वट (Vat)
Banyan (tree)
वन (Van)
Wood/forest/jungle
वग% (Varg)
Category/type
वण%न (Varnan)
Description
वसंत (Vasant)
Spring (season)
वष% (Varsh)
Year
वा2य (Vakya)
Sentence
वातावरण (Vatavaran)
Atmosphere
वादCववाद (Vadvivad)
Debate/discussion
वादा (Vada)
Promise
वाoय (Vadya)
Musical instrument
गाँववाला (Gavvala)
Villager
k¡fŸ (Makkal)
People
nguhir/fŠr« (Peraasai/Kancham)
Greed
ïU«ò (Irumbu)
Iron
t¡Ñš/tH¡FiuP®
(Vakkil/Vazhakkuraignar)
Lawyer
neu«/fhy« (Neram/Kaalam)
Time
th¡F (Vaakku)
Word/Promise
vil (Edai)
Weight
Myku« (Aalamaram)
Banyan (tree)
fhL/td« (Kaadu/Vanam)
Wood/Forest/Jungle
tif (Vagai)
Category/Type
És¡f« (Vilakkam)
Description
trªjfhy« (Vasantha Kaalam)
Spring (Season)
M©L (Aandu)
Year
th¡»a«/bjhl® (Vaakkiyam/Thodar)
Sentence
NHš (Suzhal)
Atmosphere
Éthj« (Vivaatham)
Debate/Discussion
cWâ (Utruthi)
Promise
ïir¡fUÉ (Isaikkaruvi)
Musical instrument
»uhkthá (Giraamavaasi)
Villager
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
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Hindi
English
वाहन (Vahan)
Vehicle
Cवकhप (Vikalp)
Option/alternative
Cवकास (Vikas)
Development
Cवचार (Vichar)
Thought/idea/opinion
Cवaान (Vijnan)
Science
Cवaानी (Vijnani)
(Pronounced ‘Vigyani’)
Cवaापन (Vijnapan) (Pronounced
Vigyapan’)
Scientist
Advertisement
Cवदे श (Videsh)
Abroad/foreign country
Cवदे शी (Videshi)
Foreigner
Cवoयाथ¶ (Vidyarthi)
Student
Cवoयालय (Vidyalay)
College
Cवभाग (Vibhag)
Department/division/
section
Cवरोध (Virodh)
Opposition
Cववाह (Vivah)
Marriage/wedding
Cवशेषण (Visheshan)
Adjective
CवEलेषण (Vishleshan)
Analysis
CवEव (Vishva)
Universe
thfd«/t©o (Vaakanam/Vandi)
Vehicle
kh‰W (Maatrtru)
Option/Alternative
K‹nd‰w« (Munnetrtram)
Development
fU¤J/v©z« (Karuththu/Ennam)
Thought/Idea/Opinion
m¿Éaš (Atriviyal)
Science
m¿Éayhs‹ (Atriviyalaalan)
Scientist
És«gu« (Vilambaram)
Advertisement
btËehL (Velinaadu)
Abroad/Foreign
country
btËeh£L¡fhu‹ (Velinaattukkaaran)
Foriegner
khzt‹ (Maanavan)
Student
fšÿÇ (Kalluri)
College
Jiw/ãÇî (Thutrai/Pirivu)
Department/Division/
Section
vâ® (Ethir)
Opposition
âUkz« (Thirumanam)
Marriage/Wedding
bgauil (Peyaradai)
Adjective
MuhŒ¢á (Aaraaychchi)
Analysis
ãugŠr«/ïa‰if (Pirapancham/Iyatrkai)
Universe
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
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Hindi
English
CविEवoयालय (Vishvavidyalay)
University
CवEवास (Vishvas)
Belief
Cवष (Vish)
Poison
Cवषय (Vishay)
Subject
Cव5तार (Vistar)
Expanse/extent
Cव5तार से
(Vistar Se)
At length/in detail
वीर (Vir)
Hero/warrior/
brave/heroic/ valiant
वेतन (Vetan)
Pay/wage/salary
वैर (Vair)
Enmity/hostility
वोट (Vot)
Vote
1यं¥य (Vyangya)
Sarcasm
1यंजन (Vyanjan)
Consonant/cooked
food/dish
1यि2त (Vyakti)
Person/individual
1यि2तव (Vyaktitva)
Personality
1यवसाय (Vyavasay)
Business/trade
1यवहार (Vyavahar)
Behaviour /manner
(towards someone)
1याकरण (Vyakaran)
Grammar
gšfiy¡fHf« (Palkalaikkazhakam)
University
e«ã¡if (Nambikkai)
Belief
eŠR/Él« (Nanchu/Vidam)
Poison
brŒâ/ghl« (Seithi/Paadam)
Subject
ÉÇî (Virivu)
Expanse/Extent
ÉÇthf (Virivaaka)
At length/in detail
ijÇa«/åu« (Thairiyam/Viram)
Hero/Warrior/Brave/H
eroic/ Valiant
Câa« (Uthiyam)
Pay/Wage/Salary
Énuhj«/gif (Virotham/Pakai)
Enmity/Hostility
th¡F (Vaakku)
Vote
gÊbrhš/nfÈ (Pazhisol/Keli)
Sarcasm
rik¡f¥g£l czî
(Samaikkappatta Unavu)
Consonant/Cooked
food/Dish
jÅahŸ (Thaniyaal)
Person/Individual
MSik (Aalumai)
Personality
Éahghu« (Viyaapaaram)
Business/Trade
xG¡f« (Ozhukkam)
Behaviour/Manner
(towards someone)
ïy¡fz« (Ilakkanam)
Grammar
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
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Hindi
English
1यापार<(Vyapari)
Trader
1यायाम (Vyayam)
Exercise
¸त (Vrat)
Vow/fast
शक (Shak)
Doubt/suspicion
शÍस (Shakhs)
Person/individual/fellow
शतरं ज (Shatranj)
Chess
श'नवार (Shanivar)
Saturday
शRदकोष (Shabdkosh)
Dictionary
शरणाथ¶ (Sharnarthi)
Refugee
शराबी(Sharabi)
Drunkard/boozer
शर<र (Sharir)
Body
शव (Shav)
Corpse
श5A (Shastra)
Weapon
शहद (Shahad)
Honey
शहर (Shahar)
Town/city
शह<द (Shahid)
Martyr
शाOगद% (Shagird)
Pupil/disciple
शायर (Shayar)
Poet
tÂf‹ (Vanikan)
Trader
cl‰gÆ‰á (Udatrpayitrchi)
Exercise
ntf« (Vekam)
Vow/Fast
rªnjf«/Ia« (Santhekam/Iyam)
Doubt/Suspicion
MŸ/jÅahŸ (Aal/Thaniyaal)
Person/Individual/
Fellow
rJu§f« (Sathurankam)
Chess
rÅ¡»Hik (Sanikkizhamai)
Saturday
mfuhâ (Akaraathi)
Dictionary
mfâ (Akathi)
Regugee
Fofhu‹ (Kudikaaran)
Drunkard/boozer
clš (Udal)
Body
ãz« (Pinam)
Corpse
Míj« (Aayutham)
Weapon
nj‹ (Then)
Honey
efu« (Nakaram)
Town/City
âah» (Thiyaaki)
Martyr
khzt®/Ól® (Maanavar/Sidar)
Pupil/Discpile
fÉP‹ (Kavignan)
Poet
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
शासन (Shasan)
Ruling/government
शकार (Shikar)
Hunting/prey/victim
शखर (Shikhar)
Summit/apex
श9टाचार(Shistachar)
Good manners/civil
behaviour
श9य (Shishya)
Pupil/disciple (of a guru)
शीत (Shiit)
Cold/coldness
शीशम (Shisham)
Rosewood
शीशा (Shisha)
Glass/bottle/mirror
शª
ु वार (Shukravar)
Friday
शZ
ु (Shuru)
Beginning
शh
ु क (Shulk)
Fee/payment
शू0य (Shunya)
Void/zero
शैतान (Shaitan)
Devil
शोध (Shodh)
Research
शोध काय%
Research work
(Shodh Karya)
शोध 'नबंध
(Shodh Nibandh)
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255
शोर (Shor)
Dissertation
Noise
murh§f« (Arasaankam)
Ruling/Government
nt£il/bfhŸis (Vettai/Kollai)
Hunting/Prey/Victim
c¢rÃiy (Uchchanilai)
Summit/Apex
e‹dl¤ij (Nannadaththai)
Good manners/Civil
behaviour
Ól® (Sidar)
rË (Sali)
Pupil/Disciple (of a
guru)
Cold/Coldness
fU§fhÈ ku« (Karunkaali maram)
Rose wood
f©zho (Kannaadi)
Glass/Bottle/Mirror
btŸË¡»Hik (Vellikkizhamai)
Friday
Jt¡f« (Thuvakkam)
Begining
f£lz« (Kattanam)
Fee/Payment
ó{a«/RÊa« (Pujyam/Suzhiyam)
Void/Zero
rh¤jh‹/ój« (Saaththaan/Butham)
Devil
MuhŒ¢á (Aaraaychchi)
Research
MuhŒ¢á gÂ (Aarraychchi Pani)
Research work
MŒî¡f£Liu (Aayvukkatturai)
Dissertation
xÈ (Oli)
Noise
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words
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Hindi
English
शोला (shola)
Flame
शौक (shauq)
Liking/hobby/
interest
शोषण (shoshan)
Exploitation
संगमरमर (sangmarmar)
Marble
साथी (saathi)
Companion
संगीत (sangit)
Music
संगीतकार (sangitkar)
Musician
संdह (sangrah)
Collection
संdहालय (sangrahalay)
Museum
संचार (sanchar)
Communication
संचालक (sanchalak)
Manager
संत (sant)
An ascetic/ ‘saint’
संतरा (santara)
Orange
संतुलन (santulan)
Balance
संतोष (santosh)
Satisfaction
स0दभ% (sandarbh)
Context
beU¥ò¢Rl®
(Neruppuchchudar)
Flame
bghGJngh¡F/ÉU¥g«
(Pozhuthupokku/Viruppam)
Liking/Hobby/Interest
Ru©lš (Surandal)
Exploitation
ryit¡fš (Salavaikkal)
Marble
Jiz (Thunai)
Companion
ïir (Isai)
Music
ïiraik¥ghs®
(Isaiyamaippaalar)
Misician
nrfÇ¤jš (Sekariththal)
Collection
mU§fh£áaf«
(Arunkaatchiyakam)
Museum
bjhl®ò (Thodarpu)
Communication
nkyhs® (Melaalar)
Manager
òÅj® (Punithar)
An ascetic/Saint
MuŠR/ehu¤ij
(Aaranchu/Naaraththai)
Orange
Ûâ (Mithi)
Balance
âU¥â (Thirupthi)
Satisfaction
rªj®¥g« (Santharppam)
Context
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English
संदक
ू (sanduq)
Box
स0दे श (sandesh)
Message
Page
259
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
संपक% (sampark)
Contact/link
सiपादक य (sampadakiy)
Editorial
सiब0ध (sambandh)
Relationship
संयु2त परवार (sanyukt parivar)
Joint family
संयु2ताfर(sanyuktaksar)
Conjunct character
संसद (sansad)
Parliament
सं5कार (sanskar)
A life cycle event or its
ritual/an innate instinct or
capacity
सiब0धी (sambandhi)
Relatives
सच (sach)
True-truth
सnचा-दो5त (saccha dost)
A true friend
सgजन (sajjan)
Gentleman
सA (satra)
Session/term/semester
सद5य (sadasya)
Member
bg£o (Petti)
Box
brŒâ (Seythi)
Message
bjhl®ò (Thodarpu)
Contact/Link
jiya§f« (Thalaiyankam)
Editorial
cwîKiw (Utravumutrai)
Relationship
T£L¡FL«g«
(Kuttukkudumbam)
T£blG¤J¡fŸ
(Kuttezhuththukkal)
Joint Family
Conjunct Character
ehlhSk‹w« (Naadaalumantram)
Parliment
fyhrhu rl§FfŸ
(Kalaasaara Sadankukal)
A life cycle event or its
ritual/An innate
instinct or capacity
cwÉd®fŸ (Utravinarkal)
Relatives
c©ik (Unmai)
True-truth
c©ik e©g‹
(Unmai Nanban)
A true friend
e‰g©ghs‹
(Natrpanpaalan)
Gentleman
gUt« (Paruvam)
Session/Term/
Semester
cW¥ãd® (Utruppinar)
Member
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Hindi
English
सपना (Sapna)
Dream
सmताह (Saptah)
Week
सफर (Safar)
Journey/travel
सबक (Sabaq)
Lesson
समय (Samay)
Time
समथ%न (Samarthan)
Support
समाचार (Samachar)
News
समाचार पA (Samachar Patra)
Newspaper
समाज (Samaj)
Society
समाजवाद (Samajvad)
Socialism
समाजवाद< (Samajvadi)
socialist
समाधान (Samadhan)
Solution/resolution
समारोह (Samaroh)
Function/event/
ceremony
समु¦ (Samudra)
Sea/ocean
समोसा (Samosa)
Samosa -a deep fried
stuffed pastry
सiमान (Samman)
Honour
सiमेलन (Sammelan)
Conference/ meeting
fdî (Kanavu)
Dream
thu« (Vaaram)
Week
R‰Wyh (Sutrtrulaa)
Journey/Travel
ghl« (Paadam)
Lesson
neu«/fhy« (Neram/Kaalam)
Time
Mjhu«/Mjuî (Aathaaram/Aatharavu)
Support
brŒâ (Seythi)
News
brŒâ¤jhŸ (Seythiththaal)
Newspaper
r_f« (Samukam)
Society
r_fÉaš (Samukaviyal)
Socialism
r_fthâ (Samukavaathi)
Socialist
Koî/Ô®î (Mudivu/Thirvu)
Solution/Resoution
Ãfœ¢á/fhÇa«/rl§F
(Nikazhchchi/Kaariyam/Sadanku)
Function/Event/
Ceremony
flš/bgU§flš (Kadal/Perunkadal)
Sea/Ocean
rnkhrh (Samosaa)
Samosa – a deep friend
stuffed pastry
ne®ik (Nermai)
Honour
T£l« (Kuttam)
Conference/meeting
262
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
263
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
सरदार (Sardar)
Leader/a term of respect
used with sikh men/ a
sikh
सव%नाम (Sarvanam)
Pronoun
सलाम (Salam)
Salutation/salute
सवाल (Saval)
Question
सवेरा (Savera)
Morning
ससरु (Sasur)
Father-in law
ससुराल (Sasural)
In-law’s/house
सहकम¶ (Sahakarmi)
Colleague
सहायक (Sahayak)
Assistant
सहारा (Sahara)
Support
सांचा (Sancha)
Mould
साँप (Saap)
Snake
संसद (Sansad)
Member of parliament
साfाकार (Sakshatkar)
Interview
साÝय (Sakshay)
Witness
साग (Sag)
Green leafy vegetable
सागर (Sagar)
Ocean
साथ (Saath)
Together/company/
being together
r®jh®/Ó¡»a‹ (Sardhaar/Sikkiyan)
Leader/a term of
respect used with sikh
men/a sikn
ãuâ bga® (Pirathipeyar)
Pronoun
åutz¡f« (Vira vanakkam)
Salutation/Salute
Édh/nfŸÉ (Vinaa/Kelvi)
Question
fhiy (Kaalai)
Morning
khkdh® (Maamanaar)
Father in law
òFªj åL/khÄah® åL
(Pukuntha Vidu/Maamiyaar Vidu)
In-law’s/house
cl‹ gÂòÇgt® (Udan Panipuripavar)
Colleague
cjÉahs® (Uthaviyaalar)
Assistant
Mjuî/Jiz (Aatharavu/Thunai)
Support
tot« (Vadivam)
Mould
gh«ò (Paambu)
Snake
ehlhSk‹w cW¥ãd®
(Naadaalumantra Utruppinar)
Member of Parliament
ne®Kf« (Nermukam)
Interview
rh£á (Saatchi)
Witness
g¢ir fhŒf¿fŸ (Pacchai Kaaykatrikal)
Green Leafy Vegetable
bgU§flš (Perunkadal)
Ocean
nr®ªâU¤jš (Sernthiruththal)
Together/Company/
Being together
264
English
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Tamil
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
265
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
साधन (Sadhan)
Means
साधू (Sadhu)
Pious/holy man/ ascetic
साबुन (Sabun)
Soap
सामना (Samna)
Confrontation/encounter
सामान (Saman)
Luggage/goods/furniture
साया (Saya)
Shadow
साल (Sal)
Year
साला (Sala)
Brother –in-law
साहस (Sahas)
Courage
सा.हय (Sahitya)
Literature
स2का (Sikka)
Coin
सीख (Sikh)
Sikh/a sikh
सगरे ट (Sigret)
Cigarette
सतiबर (Sitamber)
September
सतार (Sitar)
Sitar
सतारा (Sitara)
Star
सqांत (Siddhant)
Principle
सनेमा (Sinema)
Cinema
सपाह< (Sipahi)
Constable/soldier
bghUŸ/m®¤j« (Porul/Arththam)
Means
òÅjkhdt®/rhJ
(Punithamaanavar/Saathu)
Pious/holy man/ascetic
rt®¡fhu« (Savarkkaaram)
Soap
vâ®¤J¢r©ilÆL (Ethirththu
Sandaiyidu)
Confrontation/
Encounter
rhkh‹fŸ (Saamaankal)
ÃHš (Nizhal)
M©L (Aandu)
Luggage/Goods/Furnit
ik¤Jd‹ (Maiththunan)
Brother-in-law
JÂî (Thunivu)
ïy¡»a« (Ilakkiyam)
ehza« (Naanayam)
Courage
Literature
Coin
Ó¡»a® (Sikkiyar)
Sikh/a sikh
áfbu£ (Sikaret)
Cigarette
br¥l«g® (Septambar)
September
‘ájh®’vD«ïir¡fUÉ(‘Sithaar’ enum
isaikkaruvi)
Sitar
É©Û‹/e£r¤âu«
(Vinmin/Natchaththiram)
Star
xG¡f«/á¤jhªj«
(Ozhukkam/Siththaanatham)
Principle
âiu¥gl« (Thiraippadam)
Cinema
fhty®/åu‹(Kaavalar/Viran)
Constable/Soldier
Shadow
Year
266
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
267
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
सर (Sir)
Head
सल सला (Silsila)
Continuance
सीना (Sina)
Chest/part of body
सीमाशुhक(Simashulk)
Sulk/customs
सुगंध (Sugandh)
Fragrance
सुझाव (Sujhav)
Suggestion
सरु (Sur)
Musical note/tone
सूअर (Suar)
Pig/pork
सख
ू ा (Sukha)
Dry/drought
सूद (Sud)
Interest
सन
ू ापन (Sunapan)
Desolation/emptiness
सूरज (Suraj)
Sun
सेनाप'त (Senapati)
General/military
सेब (Seb)
Apple
सै'नक (Sainik)
Military/soldier
सोना (Sona)
Gold
सोमवार (Somvar)
Monday
स¨दय% (Saundarya)
Beauty
jiy (Thalai)
Head
bjhl®ªâU¤jš (Thodarnthiruththal)
Continuance
kh®ò/beŠR (Maarbu/Nenchu)
Chest/Part of body
R§f tÇ (Sunkavari)
Sulk/Customs
thrid (Vaasanai)
Fragrance
nahrid (Yosanai)
Suggestion
ïir¡F¿¥ò/Ru« (Isaikkutrippu/Suram)
Musical note/Tone
g‹¿ (Pantri)
Pig/Pork
cy®î (Ularvu)
Dry/Drought
t£o (Vatti)
Interest
mikâahd (Amaithiyaana)
Desolation/Military
NÇa‹ (Suriyan)
Sun
gil¤jiyt‹ (Padaiththalaivan)
General/Military
M¥ãŸ (Aappil)
Apple
gil/nrid (Padai/Senai)
Military/Soldier
j§f« (Thankam)
Gold
â§fŸ»Hik (Thinkal Kizhmai)
Monday
mHF (Azhaku)
Beauty
268
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
269
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
5कूल (Skul)
School
5टे शन (Steshan)
Station
5तंभ (Stambh)
Pillar/column
5थान (Sthan)
Place
5नातक (Snatak)
Graduate
5नान (Snan)
Bathing
5नेह (Sneh)
Affection
5वmन (Svapn)
Dream
5वर (Svar)
Voice/musical note
5वराgय (Svarajya)
Independence
5वग% (Svarg)
Heaven/ paradise
5वग%वास (Svargvas)
Death/demise
5वग¶य (Svargiy)
Deceased/the late
5वागत (Svagat)
Welcome
5वाद (Svad)
Taste
5वाथ% (Svarth)
Selfishness/self-interest
5वा5Þय (Svasthya)
Health
हं टर (Hantar)
Whip/lash
gŸË (Palli)
School
Ãiya«/Ã‰FÄl«
(Nilaiyam/Nitrkumidam)
Station
ö© (Thun)
Pillar/Column
ïl« (Idam)
Place
g£ljhÇ (Pattathaari)
Graduate
FËaš (Kuliyal)
Bathing
<®¥ò/m‹ò (Irppu/Anbu)
Affection
fdî (Kanavu)
Dream
Fuš/ïir¡F¿¥ò
(Kural/Isaikkutrippu)
Voice/Musical note
Rjªâu« (Suthanthiram)
Independence
brh®¡f« (Sorkkam)
Heaven/Paradise
kuz« (Maranam)
Death/Demise
rhî (Saavu)
Deceased/The late
eštuî (Nalvaravu)
Welcome
Rit (Suvai)
Taste
Raey«/RaÉU¥g«
(Suyanalam/Suyaviruppam)
Selfishness/Self
interest
clš ey« (Udal Nalam)
Health
fir/rî¡F (Kasai/Savukku)
Whip/Lash
270
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
हं सी मज़ाक
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
(Hasi Mazaq)
271
Laughter/fun/joking
हक (Haq)
Right/privilege
हØता (Hafta)
Week
हOथयार (Hathiyar)
Weapon
हमदद% (Hamdard)
Sympathiser
हमला (Hamla)
Attack
हष% (Harsh)
Joy
हल (Hal)
Solution
हल (Hal)
Plough
हवाई जहाज
(Havai Jahaz)
Aeroplane
ह5ताfर (Hastakshar)
Signature
हाथ (Hath)
Hand
हाथी (Hathi)
Elephant
हाथीदांत (Hathi Dant)
Ivory
हादसा (Hadsa)
Accident
हाल (Haal)
Condition
.हंद महासागर
Page
English
(Hind Mahasagar)
The Indian ocean
eif¢Rit/áÇ¥ò
(Nagaichchuvai/Sirippu)
Laughter/Fun/Joking
cÇik (Urimai)
Right/Privilege
thu« (Vaaram)
Week
Míj« (Aayutham)
Weapon
gÇjhg¤â‰FÇat®
(Parithaapaththitrkuriyavar)
Sympathiser
jh¡F (Thaakku)
Attack
k»œ¢á (Magizhchchi)
Joy
Ô®î (Thirvu)
Solution
fy¥ig/V® (Kalappai/Er)
Plough
MfhaÉkhd«/th}®â
(Aagaayavimaanam/Vaanurthi)
Aeroplane
ifbah¥g« (Kaiyoppam)
Signature
if (Kai)
Hand
ahid (Yaanai)
Elephant
jªj« (Thantham)
Ivory
Ég¤J (Vipaththu)
Accident
Ãiyik (Nilaimai)
Condition
ïªJkh¡flš/ïªâa¥bgU§flš
(Indhumaak kadal/Indhiyap perunkadal)
The Indian Ocean
272
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Page
273
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Hindi) continued….
Hindi
English
.हंद ू (Hindu)
Hindu
.हरन (Hiran)
Deer
.हसाब (Hisab)
Account/accounts
ह<रा (Hira)
Diamond
ह<रो (Hiro)
Film star
ßदय (Hrday)
Heart
हठ (Hoth)
Lip
होटल (Hotal)
Hotel/restaurant
होश (Hosh)
Consciousness
हौज (Hauz)
Reservoir
fण (Kshan)
Moment
fेA (Kshetra)
Zone/ area
aान (Gyan)
Knowledge
Bम (Shram)
Labour/ toil/exertion
Bेय (Shrey)
Credit (due to someone
for achievement)
Switzerland, Lugano,
Monte Bre cable car
ïªJ (Indhu)
Hindu
kh‹ (Maan)
Deer
fz¡F (Kanakku)
Account/Accounts
itu« (Vairam)
Diamond
âiue£r¤âu« (Thirai Natchaththiram)
Film star
ïja« (Ithayam)
Heart
cjL (Uthadu)
cztf« (Unavakam)
Lip
Hotel/Restaurant
cz®î/ãu¡iP(Unarvu/Pirakgnai)
Consciousness
fsŠáa« (Kalanchiyam)
Reservoir
Ãfœî (Nikazhvu)
Moment
k©ly«/gFâ(Mandalam/Pakuthi)
Zone/Area
m¿î (Atrivu)
Knowledge
fod ciH¥ò (Kadina uzhaippu)
Labout/Toil/Exertion
bfsut«/e«ã¡if(Kouravam/ Nambikkai)
Credit (due to
someone for
achievement)
Old Town, Warsaw, Poland
274
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Masculine Gender Words
Gender example (Tamil) continued….
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
`ीलंग के उदाहरण
Page
275
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Femine Example
Hindi
English
अंगूठ½ (Anguthi)
Ring (For Finger)
अंdेज़ी (Angrezi)
English
अंयेि9ट (Anthyeshti)
Funeral
अगरबती (Agarbatti)
Incense Stick
अnछाई (Achhaii)
Good, Merit
अ'तशयोि2त (Atishyokti)
Exaggeration
अदालत (Adaalat)
Court
अ]यfता (Adhyakshata)
Chairmanship
अ]याCपका (Adhyapika)
Teacher
अनबन (Anban)
Discord
अनुम'त (Anumati)
Permission
अफ़वाह (Affvaah)
Rumour
अ भलाषा (Abhilaashaa)
Desire
अ भनेAी (Abhinetrii)
Actress
अलमार< (Almaarii)
Cupboard
अज़¶ (Arzii)
Application
असहम'त (Asahmati)
Disagreement
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
bg©gh‰ brh‰fŸ
Femine Example
nkhâu« (Mothiram)
Ring (For Finger)
M§»y« (Aankilam)
English
ïWâ C®ty« (Itruthi Urvalam)
Funeral
CJt¤â (Uthuvaththi)
Incense Stick
e‹W (Nantru)
Good, Merit
Äif¥gL¤Jjš (Migaippaduththuthal)
Exaggeration
Court
jiyik (Thalaimai)
Chairmanship
MáÇa® (Aasiriyar)
Teacher
jŸS/xJ¡F (Thallu/Othukku)
Discord
mDkâ (Anumathi)
»R»R/tjªâ (Kisukisu/Vathanthi)
Permission
Rumour
ÉU¥g« (Viruppam)
Desire
eoif (Nadikai)
Actress
mykhÇ (Alamaari)
É©z¥g« (Vinnappam)
mã¥uhangj« (Abipraayapetham)
Cupboard
Application
Disagreement
276
Úâk‹w« (Nithimantram)
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
English
Page
Tamil
Page
277
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
असCु वधा (Asuvidhaa)
Inconvenience
अह मयत (Ahmiyaat)
Importance
आँख (Aankh)
Eye
आकाशवाणी (Aakashvaanii)
Radio
आग (Aag)
Fire
आज़ाद< (Aazaadi)
Freedom
आमकथा (Aatmkatha)
Autobiography
आमहया (Aatmhatya)
Suicide
आ.द (Aadi)
So On
आधी रात (Aadhi Raat)
Midnight
आप'त (Aapati)
Objection
आबाद< (Aabaadii)
Population
आय (Aay)
Income
आयु (Aayuu)
Age
आर< (Aarii)
Hand Saw
आराम कुस¶ (Aaraam Kursii)
Arm Chair
आवEयकता (Aavashyaktaa)
Necessity
आवाज़ (Aavaaz)
Voice
आशा (Aashaa)
Hope
आहट (Aahaat)
Sound Of Footsteps
इजाज़त (Ijaazat)
Permission
इमारत (Imaarat)
Building
इलायची (Ilaychi)
Cardamom
mbrsf®a« (Asoukaryam)
Inconvenience
K¡»a¤Jt« (Mukkiyaththuvam)
f© (Kan)
Importance
Eye
thbdhÈ (Vaanoli)
beU¥ò (Neruppu)
ÉLjiy (Viduthalai)
RarÇij (Suyasarithai)
Radio
Fire
Freedom
Autobiography
j‰bfhiy (Thatrkolai)
Suicide
Kjš (Muthal)
eŸËuî (Nalliravu)
So on
Midnight
jil/kW¥ò (Thadai/Matruppu)
Objection
k¡fŸ bjhif (Makkal Thokai)
Population
tUkhd« (Varumaanam)
Income
taJ (Vayathu)
Age
mu«/u«g«(Aram/Rambam)
Hand Saw
rhŒî eh‰fhÈ (Saayvu Naatrkaali)
Arm chair
njit (Thevai)
Necessity
Fuš (Kural)
Voice
e«ã¡if (Nambikkai)
Hope
bkšÈa fhyo¢ r¤j«
(Melliya Kaaladich chaththam)
Sound Of Foot Steps
mDkâ (Anumathi)
Permission
f£ll« (Kattadam)
Building
Vy¡fhŒ (Yelakkaay)
Cardamom
278
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
279
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
Ãट (Eent)
Brick
ईद (Eid)
Eid
इमानदार< (Emaandaarii)
Honesty
इषा% (Ersha)
Jealousy
उँ गल< (Ungli)
Finger
उसुकता (Utsuktaa)
Curiosity
उदारता (Udarta)
Generosity
उ0न'त (Unnti)
Progress
उपि5थ'त (Upastithi)
Presence
उपाOध (Upadhi)
Title
उपेfा (Upekshaa)
Indifference
उiमीद (Ummeed)
Hope
The first programmable computer was invented by
British mathematician and scientist Charles
Babbage in the 1820s
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Tamil
English
fš (Kal)
Kfyha® g©oif
(Mugalaayar Pandikai)
Brick
ne®ik (Nermai)
Honesty
bghwhik (Potraamai)
Jealousy
Éuš (Viral)
M®t« (Aarvam)
jhuhs« (Thaaraalam)
K‹nd‰w« (Munnetrtram)
ïU¤jš (Iruththal)
jiy¥ò (Thalaippu)
x‰Wik (Otrtrumai)
Finger
Curiosity
Generosity
Progress
Presence
Title
Indifference
e«ã¡if (Nambikkai)
Hope
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Eid
in 1925
Page
was invented by British inventor John Logie Baird
280
The world’s first publicly demonstrated television
Page
281
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
उÅ (Umr)
Age
उद% ू (Urduu)
Urdu
उलझन (Uljhan)
Complication
उलट< (Ultii)
Vomiting
ऊन (Uun)
Wool
ऋतु (Ritu)
Season
एकता (Ekta)
Unity
एड़ी (Aedi)
Heel
ऐनक (Ainak)
Glasses
ऐश (Aish)
Have A High Good Time
ओस (Aus)
Dew
औरत (Aurat)
Woman
कंपनी (Kampani)
Company
कfा (Kaksha)
Class
कचहर< (Kachari)
Law Court
कटोर< (Katori)
Small Bowl
क.ठनाई (Kathinai)
Difficulty
कड़ाई (Kadahi)
Frying Pan
कतार (Kataar)
Line
taJ (Vayathu)
Age
cUJ (Uruthu)
Urdu
fod« (Kadinam)
Complication
thªâ (Vaanthi)
Vomiting
üš (Nul)
Wool
gUt« (Paruvam)
Season
x‰Wik (Otrtrumai)
Unity
Fâfhš (Kuthikaal)
Heel
f©zhofŸ (Kannaadikal)
Glasses
ešy neu« (Nalla Neram)
Have A High Good Time
gÅ¤JË (Paniththuli)
Dew
bg©kÂ (Penmani)
Woman
mit/T£l«/r§f«
(Avai/Kuttam/Sankam)
Company
tF¥ò (Vakuppu)
Class
Úâk‹w« (Nithi mantram)
Law Court
á¿a f©z« (Sitriya Kinnam)
Small Bowl
fod« (Kadinam)
Difficulty
mLfy« (Adukalam)
Frying Pan
nfhL (Kodu)
Line
282
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
283
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
कथा (Kathaa)
Story
क0या (Kanyaa)
Girl
क³ (Qabr)
Grave
कमज़ोर< (Kamzori)
Weakness
कमर (Kamar)
Waist
कमाई (Kamaaii)
Earnings
कमी (Kami)
Lack
कमीज़ (Kameez)
Shirt
कलम (Kalam)
Pen
कला (Kalaa)
Art
कलाई (Kalai)
Wrist
कhपना (Kalpana)
Imagination
कCवयAी (Kavyitri)
Poetess
कCवता (Kavita)
Poetry
कसम (Kasam)
Oath
कसरत (Kasrat)
Exercise
कहानी (Kahani)
Story
कहावत (Kahavat)
Saying
fij (Kathai)
Story
bg©/áWÄ (Pen/Sitrumi)
Girl
fšyiw (Kallatrai)
Grave
gyåd« (Balavinam)
Weakness
ïL¥ò (Iduppu)
Waist
r«ghâ¤jš (Sampaathiththal)
Earnings
FiwghL/njit
(Kutraipaadu/Thevai)
Lack
r£il (Sattai)
Shirt
vGJnfhš (Ezhuthukol)
Pen
fiy (Kalai)
Art
kÂ¡f£L (Manikkattu)
Wrist
f‰gid (Katrpanai)
Imagination
fÉiP (Kavignai)
Poetess
ghlš/fÉij (Paadal/Kavithai)
Poetry
cWâbkhÊ (Utruthimozhi)
Oath
gÆ‰á (Payitrchi)
Exercise
fij (Kathai)
Story
gH bkhÊ (Pazhamozhi)
Saying
284
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
285
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
काक (Kaakii)
Aunt
कापी (Kapi)
Copy, Book
काफ़ (Kaafii)
Coffee
कामना (Kaamnaa)
Desire
कामयाबी (Kamyabii)
Success
कार (Kaar)
Car
कताब (Kitaab)
Book
कफ़ायत (Kifaayat)
Economy
करण (Kiran)
Ray
कEत (Kisht)
Instalment
कस ्म (Kism)
Sort
क5मत (Kismet)
Fate
क मत (Keemat)
Price
कुस¶ (Kursii)
Chair
कूटनी'त (Kutniiti)
Diplomacy
कृतaता (Kritagyata)
Gratitude
कृपा (Kripaa)
Kindness
केतल< (Kettle)
Kettle
m¤ij (Aththai)
Aunt
üš/go (Nul/Padi)
Copy, Book
fhã/Fs«ã (Kaapi/Kulambi)
Coffee
ÉU¥g« (Viruppam)
Desire
bt‰¿ (Vetrtri)
Success
k»GªJ/t©o (Magizhunthu/Vandi)
Car
ò¤jf«/üš (Puththakam/Nul)
Book
bghUshjhu« (Porulaathaaram)
Economy
fâ® (Kathir)
Ray
jtiz (Thavanai)
Instalment
ïd«/tif/ju« (Inam/Vakai/Tharam)
Sort
Cœ/Éâ (Uzh/Vithi)
Fate
Éiy (Vilai)
Price
eh‰fhÈ (Naatrkaali)
Chair
uh#jªâu« (Raajathanthiram)
Diplomacy
e‹¿íz®î (Nantriyunarvu)
Gratitude
m‹ò (Anbu)
Kindness
bf£oš/FLit (Kettile/Kuduvai)
Kettle
286
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
287
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
क+ची (Kainchii)
Scissors
कोहनी (Kohni)
Elbow
कोठ½ (Kothi)
Large House
को शश (Koshish)
Attempt
ªां'त (Kraanti)
Revolution
ªया (Kriyaa)
Verb
2लास (Klaas)
Class
fमता (Kshamata)
Capacity
fमा (Kshama)
Pardon
खबर (Khabar)
News
खराबी (Kharaabii)
Defect, Failure
खराश (Kharaash)
Hoarseness Of Throat
खाँसी (Khansii)
Cough
खाद< (Khaadii)
Homespun Cloth
खान (Khan)
Mine
ख़ामोशी (Khaamoshii)
Silence
खा सयत (Khaasiyat)
Special Feature
»खड़क (Khidkii)
Window
खीर (Kheer)
Rice Pudding
f¤jÇ¡nfhš(Kaththarikkol)
Scissors
KH§if (Muzhankai)
Elbow
bgÇa åL (Periya vidu)
Large House
Ka‰á (Muyatrchi)
Attempt
òu£á (Puratchi)
Revolution
Éid¢brhš(Vinaichchol)
Verb
tF¥ò (Vakuppu)
Class
tšyik/âw« (Vallamai/Thitram)
Capacity
ãiHbghW/k‹Å¤jš
(Pizhaipotru/Manniththal)
Pardon
brŒâ (Seythi)
News
njhšÉ (Tholvi)
Defect/Failure
bjh©il tÈ/Ñwš (Thondaivali/Kitral)
Hoarseness Of Throat
ïUkš (Irumal)
Cough
if¤j¿ JÂ (Kaiththatri thuni)
Homespun Cloth
Ru§f« (Surankam)
Mine
Ãr¥j«/mikâ (Nisaptham/Amaithi)
Silence
áw¥òFzhâra«(Sitrappu
Kunaathisayam)
Special Feature
rhsu«/r‹dš(Saalaram/Sannal)
Window
mÇá¡ fiurš (Arisi Karaisal)
Rice Pudding
288
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
289
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
खश
ु क5मती (Khushkismati)
Good Luck
खश
ु खबर< (Khushkhabri)
Good News
खश
ु बू (Khushbu)
Fragrance
खब
ू सूरती (Khubsuurtii)
Beauty
खभ
ू ी (Khubhi)
Quality
खेती बाड़ी (Kheti Badi)
Farming
गंगा (Ganga)
Ganges
ग'त (Gati)
Speed
गmप (Gap)
Chat
गपशप (Gapshap)
Gossip
गरदन (Garden)
Neck
गम¶ (Garmi)
Heat
ग म%याँ (Garmiyaan)
Summer
गर<बी (Gariibii)
Poverty
गलती (Galtii)
Error/ Mistake
गल< (Galli)
Lane
गवाह< (Gavaahii)
Evidence
गहराई (Gahraii)
Depth
गाँठ (Ganth)
Knot
mâ®Zl« (Adhirshtam)
Good Luck
e‰brŒâ (Natrseythi)
Good News
eWkz« (Natrumanam)
Fragrance
mHF (Azhaku)
Beauty
ju« (Tharam)
Quality
gÆ®¤bjhÊš (Payirththozhil)
Farming
f§if (Gangai)
Ganges
ntf« (Vekam)
Speed
bt£o¥ng¢R/mu£il
(Vettippechchu/Arattai)
Chat
tjªâ/»R»R (Vadhanthi/Kisukisu)
Gossip
fG¤J (Kazhuththu)
Neck
NL (Sudu)
Heat
nfhil (Kodai)
Summer
tWik (Vatrumai)
Poverty
jtW (Thavatru)
Error/Mistake
rªJ (Santhu)
Lane
rh‹W (Saantru)
Evidence
MH« (Aazham)
Depth
Ko¢R (Mudichchu)
Knot
290
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
291
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
गाजर (Gaajar)
Carrot
गाड़ी (Gaadii)
Car
गाय (Gay)
Cow
गाल< (Gaalii)
Abusive Language
Oगलहर< (Gilhrii)
Squirrel
गुंजाइश (Gunjaish)
Scope
गुंडागदà (Gundagardii)
Hooliganism
गुफा (Guphaa)
Cave
गल
ु ामी (Gulaamii)
Slavery
गूंज (Guunj)
Echo
ग@ द (Gend)
Ball
गैरहािजर< (Gairhazirii)
Absence
गोद (God)
Lap
गोल< (Golii)
Tablet
घंट< (Ghanti)
Bell
घटना (Ghatnaa)
Event
घड़ी (Ghadi)
Clock
घ'न9ठता (Ghanishtta)
Intimacy
nfu£/át¥ò KŸs§»
(Kerat/Sivappumullanki)
Carrot
t©o (Vandi)
Car
gR (Pasu)
Cow
tirbkhÊ (Vasaimozhi)
Abusive Language
mÂš (Anil)
Squirrel
neh¡f« (Nokkam)
Scope
ngh¡»Ç¤jd« (Pokkiriththanam)
Hooliganism
Fif (Kukai)
Cave
moik¤jd« (Adimaiththanam)
Slavery
vâbuhÈ (Ethiroli)
Echo
gªJ (Panthu)
Ball
ïšiy/ï‹ik (Illai/Inmai)
Absence
ko/bjhil (Madi/Thodai)
Lap
kh¤âiu (Maaththirai)
Tablet
kÂ (Mani)
Bell
Ãfœî (Nikazhvu)
Event
fofhu« (Kadikaaram)
Clock
beU§»a bjhl®ò/njhHik
(Nerunkiya thodarpu/Thozhamai)
Intimacy
292
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
293
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
घूस (Ghus)
Bribe
घण
ृ ा (Ghrinaa)
Hate
चटनी (Chatni)
Chutney
चmपल (Chappal)
Sandal
चमड़ी (Chamdi)
Skin
चरबी (Charbi)
Fat
चाँदनी (Chandnii)
Moonlight
चाँदनी रात
(Chandnii Raat)
Moonlit Night
चांद< (Chaandi)
Silver
चाची (Chachi)
Aunt
चादर (Chadar)
Sheet
चाबी (Chabhi)
Key
चाय (Chay)
Tea
चाल (Chal)
Movement
चालाक (Chalaakii)
Cunning
Oचंता (Chinta)
Anxiety
Oचºड़या (Chidiyaa)
Sparrow
चींट< (Chintii)
Ant
चीज़ (Cheez)
Thing
âÂ/yŠr« (Thini/Lancham)
Bribe
btW¥ò (Vetruppu)
Hate
r£Å (Chatni)
Chutney
rªjd« (Santhanam)
Sandal
njhš (Thol)
Skin
bfhG¥ò (Kozhuppu)
Flat
ÃybthË (Nilavoli)
Moonlight
Ãyî ïuî (Nilavu Iravu)
Moonlit Night
btŸË (Velli)
Silver
m¤ij (Aththai)
Aunt
ngh®it (Porvai)
Sheet
rhÉ (Saavi)
Key
njÚ® (Thenir)
Tea
ïa¡f« (Iyakkam)
Movement
Fnuhj« (Kurotham)
Cunning
nfhg«/fhœ¥òz®î
(Kobam/Kaazhppunarvu)
Anxiety
FUÉ (Kuruvi)
Sparrow
vW«ò (Etrumbu)
Ant
bghUŸ (Porul)
Thing
294
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
295
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
चीनी (Chiinii)
Sugar
चन
ु ौती (Chunautii)
Challenge
च5
ु ती (Chustii)
Smartness
चड़
ू ी (Chudii)
Bangle
चेचक (Chechak)
Smallpox
चेतावनी (Chetavani)
Warning
चोट (Chot)
Injury
चोर< (Chori)
Theft
चौड़ाई (Chaudai)
Width
चौथाई (Chauthaaii)
A Quarter
छत (Chhat)
Roof
छलाँग (Chalaang)
Jump/Leap
छाती (Chaatii)
Chest
छाAव'ृ त (Chaatravratti)
Scholarship
छाAा (Chaatraa)
Student
छाप (Chaap)
Mark
छाया (Chaayaa)
Shadow
छु¬ी (Chutti)
Holiday
छुर< (Churi)
Knife
ÓÅ/r®¡fiu (Sini/Sarkkarai)
Sugar
rthš (Savaal)
Challenge
RWRW¥ò (Sutru sutruppu)
Smartness
tisaš (Valaiyal)
Bangle
m«ik/itNÇ (Ammai/Vaisuri)
Small Pox
v¢rÇ¡if (Echcharikkai)
Warning
fha« (Kaayam)
Injury
âU£L (Thiruttu)
Theft
mfy« (Akalam)
Width
fhš g§F (Kaal Panku)
A Quarter
Tiu (Kurai)
Roof
Fâ (Kuthi)
Jumpl Leap
beŠR/kh®ò (Nenchu/Maarbu)
Chest
C¡f¤bjhif (Ukkaththokai)
Scholarship
khzt‹ (Maanavan)
Student
kâ¥bg©/F¿ (Mathippen/Kutri)
Mark
ÃHš (Nizhal)
Shadow
ÉLKiw (Vidumutrai)
Holiday
f¤â (Kaththi)
Knife
296
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
297
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
ज़ंजीर (Zanjeer)
Chain
जiहाई (Jamhaii)
Yawn
जगह (Jagaah)
Place
जड़ी (Jadi)
Medicinal Herb
जड़ी बूट< (Jadi Buutii)
Medicinal Herbs And
Roots
जनता (Jantaa)
The People
ज़बरद5ती (Zabardastii)
With Force
ज़बान (Zabaan)
Tongue
ज़मीन (Zameen)
Land
ज़Zरत (Zarurat)
Need
जलवायु (Jalvaayu)
Climate
जhदबाजी (Jaldbaazii)
Haste
जhद< (Jaldii)
Hurry
जवानी (Javaanii)
Youth
जाँघ (Jangh)
Thigh
जाँच (Jaanch)
Inspection
जाँचना (Jaanchnaa)
To Test
जा'त (Jaati)
Caste
जादग
ू र< (Jaaduugari)
Magic
r§»È (Sankili)
Chain
bfh£lhÉ (Kottaavi)
Yawn
ïl« (Idam)
Place
_Èif (Muligai0
Medicinal Herb
_Èif kUªJ & nt®
(Muligai Marunthu & Ver)
Medicinal Heebs And
Roots
k¡fŸ (Makkal)
The People
tÈikíl‹ (Valimaiyudan)
With Force
eh¡F (Naakku)
Tongue
Ãy« (Nilam)
Land
njit (Thevai)
Need
ÓnjhZz«/gUtÃiy
(Sithoshnam/Paruvanilai)
Climate
Éiuî/mtru« (Viraivu/Avasaram)
Haste
ntfkhf (Vekamaaka)
Hurry
ïsik (Ilamai)
Youth
bjhil (Thodai)
Thigh
MŒî (Aayvu)
Inspection
nrhâ¤jš (Sothiththal)
To Test
tF¥ò/ãÇî/rhâ
(Vakuppu/Pirivu/Saathi)
Caste
kªâu« (Manthiram)
Magic
298
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
299
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
जान (Jaan)
Life
जानकार< (Jaankaari)
Knowledge
जाल< (Jaalii)
Net
जासूसी (Jasuusi)
Spying
िजंदगी (Zindagii)
Life
िजaासा (Jigyasa)
Curiosity
िज़द (Zid)
Obstinacy
िजiमेदार< (Zimmedari)
Responsibility
िजhलत (Zillat)
Humiliation
जी हज़ूर< (Ji Huzuurii)
Sycophancy
जीब (Jeeb)
Tongue
जुदाई (Judaaii)
Separation
जेब (Jeb)
Pocket
gवाला (Jwaalaa)
Flame
झाड़ी (Jhaadii)
Bush
झील (Jheel)
Lake
झपड़ी (Jhopdi)
Hut
टं क (Tankii)
Tank
ट2कर (Takkar)
Collision
thœ¡if (Vaazhkkai)
Life
m¿î (Atrivu)
Knowledge
tiy (Valai)
Net
x‰W (Otrtru)
Spying
thœî (Vaazhvu)
Life
M®t« (Aarvam)
Curiosity
ãothj« (Pidivaatham)
Obstinacy
bghW¥ò (Potruppu)
Responsibility
ïÊ¤J¥ ngRjš (Izhiththup Pesuthal)
Humilitation
Kf°Jâ (Mukasthuthi)
Sycophancy
eh¡F (Naakku)
Tongue
ãÇî (Pirivu)
Separation
ig (Pai)
Pocket
Ô¢Rl® (Thichchudar)
Flame
FW§fhL (Kutrunkaadu)
Bush
VÇ (Eri)
Lake
Foir (Kudisai)
Hut
bjh£o (Thotti)
Tank
r©il/nkjš (Sadai/Mothal)
Collision
300
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
301
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
टांग (Tang)
Leg
.टकट (Tikat)
Ticket
टै कसी (Taiksii)
Taxi
टोकर< (Tokrii)
Basket
टोपी (Topii)
Hat
े न (Tren)
Train
ठं ड (Thand)
Cold
ठु®डी (Thuddii)
Chin
ठे स (Thes)
Hurt
डबल रोट< (Dabal Rotii)
Western Style Bread
डाक (Daak)
Post
डाल (Daal)
Branch
ºड>बया (Dibiyaa)
Small Box
तंद[
ु 5ती (Tandurustii)
Health
तकल<फ (Takleef)
Suffering
तन«वाह (Tankhvaah)
Salary
तबद<ल< (Tabdiilii)
Change
तबीयत (Tabiyat)
Health
fhš (Kaal)
Leg
Ó£L (Sittu)
Ticket
thlif t©o (Vaadakai Vandi)
Taxi
Til (Kudai)
Basket
bjh¥ã/FšyhŒ (Thoppi/Kullaay)
Hat
bjhl®t©o (Thodar Vandi)
Train
FË®/rË (Kulir/Sali)
Cold
nkhthŒ/jhil (Movaay/Thaadai)
Chin
ò©gL¤J (Punpaduththu)
Hurt
ãu£ (Birad)
Western Style Bread
mŠrš (Anchal)
Post
»is (Kilai)
Brank
áWbg£o (Sitru Petti)
Small Box
clšey« (Udal Nalam)
Health
ghâ¥ò (Paathippu)
Suffering
brY¤J (Seluththu)
Salary
kh‰w« (Maatrtram)
Change
clš ey« (Udal Nalam)
Health
302
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
303
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
तमीज़ (Tameez)
Etiquette
तरफ (Taraf)
Side
तरह (Tarah)
Way, Kind
तलवार (Talvaar)
Sword
तलाश (Talaash)
Search
तसhल< (Tasallii)
Consolation
त5वीर (Tasveer)
Picture
तह (Tah)
Fold
तहज़ीब (Tahzeeb)
Culture
ताई (Taaii)
Aunt
तानाशाह< (Tanaashaahii)
Dictatorship
तार<ख (Taariikh)
Date
तार<फ़ (Taareef)
Praise
ताल< (Taalii)
Clap
ताल<म (Taaleem)
Training
'ततल< (Titlii)
Butterfly
तल
ु ना (Tulnaa)
Comparison
तेज़ी (Tezii)
Sharpness
तैयार< (Taiyaarii)
Preparation
kÇahij/e‹dl¤ij
(Mariyaathai/Nannadaththai)
Etiquette
g¡f« (Pakkam)
Side
Éj«/tif (Vitham/Vakai)
Way/Kind
thŸ (Vaal)
Sword
njL (Thedu)
Search
rkhjhd« (Samaathaanam)
Consolation
gl« (Padam)
Picture
ko (Madi)
Fold
fyh¢rhu« (Kalaachchaaram)
Culture
m¤ij (Aththai)
Aunt
bfhL§nfh‹ik (Kodunkonmai)
Dictatorship
njâ (Thethi)
Date
thœ¤J (Vaazhththu)
Praise
ifj£L (Kaithattu)
Clap
gÆ‰á (Payitrchi)
Training
g£lh«ó¢á (Pattaampuchchi)
Butterfly
x¥ãLjš (Oppiduthal)
Comparison
T®ik (Kurmai)
Sharpness
jahÇ¥ò (Thayaarippu)
Preparation
304
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
305
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
तोप (Top)
Gun
थकान (Thakaan)
Tiredness
थाल< (Thaalii)
Platter
दं तकथा (Dant Kathaa)
Legend
दया (Dayaa)
Pity
दर (Dar)
Rate
दर«वा5त (Darkhvaast)
Request
दराज़ (Daraaz)
Drawer
दरार (Daraar)
Crack
दर< (Darii)
Durrie, Rug, Mat
दवाई (Davaaii)
Medicine
दाढ़< (Daadhii)
Beard
दाल (Daal)
Daal
दाद< (Daadii)
Grandmother
दावत (Daavat)
Invitation
.द2कत (Diqat)
Difficulty
.दलच5पी (Dilchaspii)
Interest
.दhल< (Dilli)
Delhi
Tamil
English
J¥gh¡» (Thuppaakki)
Gun
nrh®î/ma®¢á (Sorvu/Ayarchchi)
Tiredness
j£L (Thattu)
Platter
M¢r®a¡fij (Aachcharyakkathai)
Legend
ïu¡f« (Irakkam)
Pity
Éiy (Vilai)
Rate
nt©LnfhŸ (Vendukol)
Request
ïG¥giw (Izhuppatrai)
Drawer
Ñwš (Kitral)
Crack
f«gË/#k¡fhs«
(Kambali/Jamakkaalam)
Durrie,Rug,Mat
kUªJ (Marunthu)
Medicine
jho (Thaadi)
Beaed
gU¥ò (Paruppu)
Daal
gh£o (Paatti)
Grandmother
Invitation
ÉU¥g« (Viruppam)
Interest
blšÈ (Delli)
Delhi
306
(Alaippu)
Page
அைழR(
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
307
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
.दशा (Dishaa)
Direction
द<वार (Deevaar)
Wall
दआ
ु (Duaa)
Prayer
दक
ु ान (Dukaan)
Shop
द'ु नया (Duniyaa)
World
दघ
% ना (Durghatna)
ु ट
Accident
दEु मनी (Dushmanii)
Enemity
दरू बीन (Durbeen)
Telescope
दरू < (Duurii)
Distance
Ùि9ट (Drishtii)
Sight
दे खबाल (Dekhbhaal)
Care
दे न (Den)
Contribution
दे र (Der)
A While
दे वनागर< (Devnagarii)
Devanagari
दे वी (Devii)
Goddess
दे श भि2त (Desh Bhakti)
Patriotism
दे ह (Deh)
Body
दो5ती (Dostii)
Friendship
दौड़ (Daud)
Race
âir (Thisai)
Direction
Rt® (Suvar)
Wall
ïiwthœ¤J (Itrai vaazhththu)
Prayer
fil (Kadai)
Shop
cyf« (Ulakam)
World
Ég¤J (Vipaththu)
Accident
Énuhj« (Virotham)
Enemity
E©nzh¡» (Nunnokki)
Telescope
ïilbtË (Idaiveli)
Distance
f©gLjš (Kanpaduthal)
Sight
ghJfh¥ò (Paathukaappu)
Care
rfha«/g§FbfhL¤jš
(Sakaayam/Panku koduththal)
Contribution
jhkj« (Thaamatham)
A While
njtehfÇ (vG¤Jtif)
(Devanaakari(Ezhuththuvakai))
Devanagari
bg© bjŒt« (Pen Theivam)
Goddess
njr¥g‰W (Thesappatrtru)
Patriotism
clš (Udal)
Body
e£ò (Natpu)
Friendship
X£l« (Ottam)
Race
308
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
309
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
धड़कन (Dhadkan)
Throbbing
धमक (Dhamkii)
Threat
धार (Dhaar)
Edge
धारा (Dhara)
Flow
धन
ु (Dhun)
Tune
धल
ु ाई (Dhulaaii)
Act Of Washing
धप
ू (Dhuup)
Sunshine
धल
ू (Dhuul)
Dust
धोखेबाज़ी (Dhokebaazii)
Deceitful
नक़ल (Nakal)
Copy
नज़र (Nazar)
Glance
नद< (Nadii)
River
ननद (Nanad)
Sister In Law
नफरत (Nafrat)
Dislike
नमी (Namii)
Dampness
नस% (Nars)
Nurse
नस (Nas)
Vein
नाक (Naak)
Nose
नाडी (Naadii)
Artery
eho¤Jo¥ò (Naddiththudippu)
Throbbing
m¢RW¤J (Achchutruththu)
Threat
Koî/filá (Mudivu/Kadaisi)
Edge
åœ (Vizh)
Flow
ïir/RUâ (Isai/Suruthi)
Tune
Jit¤jš (Thuvaiththal)
Aet Of Washing
btÆš (Veyil)
Sunshine
öR (Thusu)
Dust
fgl«/nkhr« (Kapadam/Mosam)
Deceitful
go (Padi)
Copy
gh®it/fil¡f© (Paarvai/Kadaikkan)
Glance
MW (Aatru)
River
ik¤JÅ (Maiththuni)
Sister-In-Law
btW¥ò/gif (Vetruppu/Pakai)
Dislike
<ukhd (Iramaana)
Dampness
jhâ (Thaathi)
Nurse
eu«ò (Narambu)
Vein
_¡F (Mukku)
Nose
eho (Naadi)
Artery
310
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
311
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
ना'तन (Naatin)
Granddaughter
नानी (Naanii)
Grandmother
नाल< (Naalii)
Gutter, Drain
नार< (Naarii)
Woman
नाव (Naav)
Boat
'नंदा (Nindaa)
Condemn
'नगरानी (Nigraanii)
Watch
'नपुणता (Nipuntaa)
Skill
'नय'त (Niyati)
Destiny
'नयुि2त (Niyukti)
Appointment
'नराशा (Niraashaa)
Disappointment
नींद (Neend)
Sleep
नी'त (Neeti)
Morality
नीयत (Neeyat)
Intention
नोक (Nok)
Point
नौकरशाह< (Naukarshaahii)
Bureaucracy
नौकर< (Naukarii)
Job
नौसेना (Nausenaa)
Navy
पगड़ी (Pagdee)
Turban
ng¤â (Peththi)
Grand Daughter
gh£o (Paatti)
Grand Mother
tofhš/thŒ¡fhš
(Vadikaal/Vaaykkaal)
Gutter/Drain
bg©kÂ (Penmani)
Woman
glF (Padaku)
Boat
க\டனJ
(Kantanam)
Condemn
if¡fofhu« (Kaikkadikaaram)
Watch
âwik (Thitramai)
Skill
Éâ/Ãak« (Vithi/Niyamam)
Destiny
Ãakd« (Niyamanam)
Appointment
Vkh‰w« (Emaatrtram)
Disappointment
ö¡f« (Thukkam)
Sleep
ne®ik (Nermai)
Morality
cŸSz®î (Ullunarvu)
Intention
òŸË (Pulli)
Point
mâfhu ika« (Athikaara maiyam)
Bureaucracy
ntiy (Velai)
Job
fl‰gil (Kadatrpadai)
Navy
jiy¥ghif (Thalaippaakai)
Turban
312
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
313
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
प¬ी (Pattii)
Bandage
पड़ो सन (Padosin)
Neighbor
पढाई (Padaaii)
Studies
पनी (Patnii)
Wife
प>Aका (Patrikaa)
Journal
परं परा (Paramparaa)
Tradition
परत (Parat)
Layer
परवाह (Parvaah)
Care
परि5थ'त (Paristhiti)
Circumstance
पर< (Parii)
Fairy
पर<fा (Parikshaa)
Examination
परे शानी (Pareshanii)
Aggravation, Worry,
Trouble
पसल< (Paslii)
Rib
पहचान (Pehchan)
Identity
पहाड़ी (Pahaadi)
Hill
पालथी (Paalthii)
Cross Legged
पीठ (Peeth)
Back
पीड़ा (Peedaa)
Pain
पीढ़< (Piidii)
Generation
Tamil
English
fha« f£L« JÂ
(Kaayam kattum thuni)
Bandage
maš å£L¡fhu® (Ayal vittukkaarar)
Neighbour
go¥ò (Padippu)
Studies
kidÉ (Manaivi)
Wife
g¤âÇif/ïjœ (Paththirikai/Ithazh)
Journal
kuò/gu«giu(Marabu/Parambarai)
Traddition
goî (Padivu)
Layer
ghJfh¥ò (Paathukaappu)
Care
NœÃiy (Suzhnilai)
Circumstance
nkh»Å (Mokini)
Fairy
nj®î (Thervu)
Examination
ftiy/bjhªjuî
(Kavalai/Thontharavu)
Aggravation/Worry/
Trouble
Éyh vY«ò (Vilaa elumbu)
Rib
milahs« (Adaiyaalam)
Identity
kiy/F‹W(Malai/Kuntru)
r«kzÄLjš
(Sammanamiduthal)
ã‹òw« (Pinputram)
Hil
Cross Legged
tÈ (Vali)
Pain
jiyKiw (Thalaimutrai)
Generation
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
314
Back
Page
315
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
पु लस (Pulis)
Police
पँछ
ू (Poonch)
Tail
पु5तक (Pustak)
Book
पूछताछ (Puuchtach)
Enquiry
पज
ू ा (Puja)
Worship
पूर< (Puri)
Poori
पÞ
ृ वी (Prithvii)
Earth
प@ सल (Pensil)
Pencil
पेट< (Peti)
Belt
पैदाईश (Paidaaish)
Birth
पोती (Potii)
Granddaughter
पोशाक (Poshaak)
Dress
mयास (Pyaas)
Thirst
कृ'त (Prakriti)
Nature
ग'त (Pragati)
Progress
'त]व'न (Pratidhvaani)
Echo
'तभा (Pratibhaa)
Talent
'त9ठा (Pratishthaa)
Reputation
Tamil
English
fhty® (Kavalar)
Police
thš (Vaal)
Tail
üš/ò¤jf«(Nul/Puththakam)
Book
Érhuiz (Visaaranai)
Enquiry
tÊghL (Vazhipaadu)
Worship
óÇ (Puri)
Poori
cyf«/óÄ/Ãy« (Ulakam/Bumi/Nilam)
Earth
bg‹áš (Pensil)
Pencil
ïL¥ò¥g£il/th® (Iduppupattai/Vaar)
Belt
ãw¥ò (Pitrappu)
Birth
ng¤â (Peththi)
Grand Daughter
Mil (Aadai)
Dress
jhf« (Thaakam)
Thirst
ïa‰if (Iyatrkai)
Nature
K‹nd‰w« (Munnetrtram)
Progress
vâbuhÈ (Ethiroli)
Echo
(Tiramai)
Talent
Reputation
316
Ñ®¤â/e‰bga® (Kirththi/Natrpeyar)
Page
திறைம
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
317
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
'त5पधा% (Pratispardhaa)
Competition
था (Prathaa)
Custom
शंसा (Prashansaa)
Praise
स0नता (Prasannta)
Gladness
ाथ%ना (Prarthana)
Prayer
फरमाइश (Farmaaish)
Request
फसल (Fasal)
Crop
फाँसी (Phaansii)
Execution
फ़ª (Fikra)
Tension
फhम (Film)
Film
फ ज़ (Feez)
Fees
फुफेर< बहन
(Phupherii Behen)
Cousin
फुस%त (Fursat)
Leisure
फूफ (Phuuphii)
Aunt
फूलगोभी (Phuulgobhi)
Cauliflower
फौज़ (Fauj)
Army
±ांसीसी (Fraansiisii)
French Language
बंदक
ू (Bandook)
Rifle
ngh£o (Potti)
Competition
tH¡f«/gH¡f«
(Vazhakkam/Pazhakkam)
Custom
òfœ¢á/thœ¤J
(Pugazhchchi/Vaazhththu)
Praise
ky®¢á/k»œ¢á
(Malarchchi/Magizhchchi)
Gladness
ïiwtz¡f« (Itraivanakkam)
Prayer
nt©LnfhŸ (Vendukol)
Request
Éis¢rš/gÆ® (Vilaichchal/Payir)
Crop
ö¡»ÈLjš (Thukkiliduthal)
Execution
kd ïW¡f« (Mana Itrukkam)
Tension
âiu¥gl« (Thiraippadam)
Film
f£lz« (Kattanam)
Fees
m¤ij kfŸ (Aththai magal)
Cousin
XŒî (Oyvu)
Leisure
m¤ij (Aththai)
Aunt
fhÈãst® (Kaalifilavar)
Cauliflower
uhQt« (Raanuvam)
Army
ãbuŠR bkhÊ (Birench mozhi)
French Language
J¥gh¡» (Thuppaakki)
Rifle
318
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
319
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
बकर< (Bakrii)
Goat
बकवास (Bakvaas)
Nonsense
बगल (Bagal)
Armpit
बती (Batti)
Light
बदतमीज़ी (Badtamizi)
Rudeness
बधाई (Badhai)
Congrats
ब'नयान (Baniyan)
Vest
बब%रता (Barbarta)
Barbarity
बरसात (Barsat)
Rain
बरसाती (Barsati)
Rooftop Room
बरात (Barat)
Marriage Procession
बफ़% (Barf)
Ice
बवासीर (Bavasir)
Piles
बस (Bas)
Bus
ब5ती (Basti)
Slum
बहस (Bahas)
Argument
बहादरु < (Bahadury)
Bravery
बहन (Behn)
Sister
ब0]गोभी (Bandhgobhi)
Cabbage
™ML (Aadu)
Goat
m¿åd« (Atrivinam)
Nonsense
m¡FŸ (Akkul)
Armpit
xË (Oli)
Light
_®¡f« (Murkkam)
Rudeness
thœ¤J¡fŸ (Vaazhththukkal)
Congrats
cŸr£il/gÅa‹ (Ulsattai/Baniyan)
Vest
mu¡f¤jd« (Arakkaththanam)
Barbarity
kiH (Mazhai)
Rain
kiH¡fhy«/kiHahil
(Mazhaikkaalam/Mazhaiyaadai)
Rooftop Room
âUkz C®ty«
(Thirumana Urvalam)
Marriage Procession
gÅ (Pani)
Ice
_ynehŒ (Mulanoy)
Piles
ngUªJ (Perunthu)
Bus
Foir¥gFâ(Kudisaippakuthi)
Slum
Éthj« (Vivaatham)
Argument
ijÇa« (Thairiyam)
Bravery
rnfhjÇ (Sakothari)
Sister
K£il¡nfh° (Muttaikkos)
Cabbage
320
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
321
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
बाँग (Bang)
Crowing
बाँसरु < (Bansuri)
Flute
बाँह (Banh)
Arm
बाढ़ (Baadh)
Flood
बातचीत (Batchit)
Conversation
बार< (Bari)
Turn
बार<क (Bariki)
Fineness
बालट< (Balti)
Bucket
बालू (Balu)
Sand
>बंद< (Bindi)
Dot
>बजल< (Bijli)
Electricity
>बhल< (Billi)
Cat
बीढ़< (Bidhi)
Small Cigarette
बीमार< (Bimari)
Sickness
बीवी (Bivi)
Wife
बु.ढया (Budhiya)
Old Woman
बुCq (Buddhi)
Intelligence
बु'नयाद (Buniyad)
Base, Foundation
Tîjš/fiujš
(Kuvuthal/Karaithal)
Crowing
òšyh§FHš (Pullaankuzhal)
Flute
if/»is (Kai/Kilai)
Arm
btŸs« (Vellam)
Flood
ciuahlš (Uraiyaadal)
Conversation
âU«ò (Thirumbu)
Turn
E£gkhd (Nutpamaana)
Fineness
thË (Vaali)
Bucket
k© (Man)
Sand
bgh£L/òŸË (Pottu/Pulli)
Dot
Ä‹rhu« (Minsaaram)
Electricity
óid (Punai)
Cat
Õo (Pidi)
Small Cigarette
clšey¡ Fiwî
(Udalnalak kutraivu)
Sickness
kidÉ (Manaivi)
Wife
KâatŸ/»HÉ (Muthiyaval/Kizhavi)
Old Woman
m¿î (Atrivu)
Intelliegence
mo¤js« (Adiththalam)
Base, Foundation
322
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
323
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
बू (Bu)
Smell
बेईमानी (Beimani)
Dishonesty
बेकार< (Bekari)
Unemployment
बेचन
ै ी (Baechaeni)
Restlessness
बेट< (Beti)
Daughter
बेरोज़गार< (Berozgari)
Unemployment
बेवकूफ (Bevakufi)
Stupidity
बेवफाई (Bevafai)
Infidelity
बैठक (Baithak)
Sitting Room
बैल गाड़ी (Bailgari)
Bullockcart
बोतल (Botal)
Bottle
बोल< (Boli)
Speech
बौछार (Bauchar)
Shower
भि2त (Bhakti)
Devotion
भतीजी (Bhatiji)
Niece
भत¶ (Bharti)
Admit, Join
भलाई (Bhalai)
Goodness
भाजी (Bhaji)
Cooked Vegetable
भांजी (Bhanji)
Niece
Tamil
English
thrid (Vaasanai)
Smell
ne®ikÆ‹ik(Nermaiyinmai)
Dishnoesty
ntiyÆšyhâ©lh£l«
(Velaiyillaa Thindaattam)
Unemployment
XŒÉ‹ik (Oyvinmai)
Restlessness
kfŸ (Makal)
Daughter
ntiyÆ‹ik(Velaiyinmai)
Unemployment
K£lhŸjd«(Muttaalthanam)
Stupidity
e«ã¡ifÆ‹ik (Nambikkaiyinmai)
Infidelity
mk®î miw (Amarvu atrai)
Sitting Room
kh£L t©o (Mattu vandi)
Bullock Cart
Órh (Sisaa)
Bottle
ng¢R (Pechchu)
Speech
bghÊî/kiH¤öwš
(Pozhivu/Mazhaiththutral)
Shower
g¡â (Bakthi)
Devotion
m©z‹ kfŸ (Annan Makal)
Niece
mDkâ/nr® (Anumathi/Ser)
Admit/Join
e‹ik (Nanmai)
rik¤j fhŒf¿
Goodness
Niece
324
m©z‹ kfŸ (Annan Makal)
Cooked Vegetable
Page
(Samaiththa Kaaykatri)
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
325
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
भाभी (Bhabhi)
Sister In Law
भारत सरकार
(Bharat Sarkar)
Govt Of India
भावना (Bhavna)
Feeling
भाषा (Bhasha)
Language
भ0डी (Bhindi)
Ladies Finger
भीख (Bhikh)
Beg
भीड़ (Bheed)
Crowd
भुआ (Bua)
Aunt
भू (Bhu)
Earth
भूख(Bhukh)
Hunger
भू म (Bhumi)
Land
भू मका (Bhumika)
Role
भूल (Bhul)
Mistake
भ@ ट (Bhent)
Gift
भेड़ (Bhed)
Sheep
मंिज़ल (Manzil)
Storey
मकड़ी (Makdi)
Spider
म2खी (Makkhi)
Fly
मछल< (Machli)
Fish
मज़बूर< (Majburi)
Compulsion
m©Â (Anni)
Sister-In-Law
ïªâa muR (Indhiya Arasu)
Govt Of India
cz®î/ghtid (Unarvu/Baavanai)
Feeling
bkhÊ (Mozhi)
Language
bt©il¡fhŒ (Vendaikkaay)
Ladies Finger
ã¢ir (Pichchai)
Beg
T£l« (Kuttam)
Crowd
m¤ij (Aththai)
Aunt
óÄ (Bumi)
Earth
gá (Pasi)
Hunger
Ãy« (Nilam)
Land
fjhgh¤âu« (Kathaapaaththiram)
Role
jtW (Thavatru)
Mistake
gÇR (Parisu)
Gift
br«k¿ ML (Semmatri Aadu)
Sheep
nkškho (Melmaadi)
Storey
áyªâ (Silanthi)
Spider
< (I/Ee)
Fly
Û‹ (Min)
Fish
f£lha« (Kattaayam)
Compulsion
326
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
327
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
मदद (Madad)
Help
मज़¶ (Marzi)
Wish
मरiमत (Marammat)
Repair
मलाई (Malai)
Cream
मि5जद (Masjid)
Mosque
म5ती (Masti)
Intoxication
महफ़ल (Mehfil)
Gathering
म.हला (Mahila)
Lady
महोदया (Mahodaya)
Madam
माँ (Ma)
Mum
माँग (Mang)
Demand/Hair Parting
मांस पेशी (Manspeshi)
Muscle
माOचस (Machis)
Match Stick
माता (Mata)
Mother
मातभ
ृ ाषा (Matrbhasha)
Mother Tongue
माAा (Matra)
Quantity
माफ़ (Mafi)
Forgiveness
मामी (Mami)
Aunt
मार (Mar)
Beating
cjÉ (Uthavi)
Help
ÉU¥g« (Viruppam)
Wish
gGJ (Pazhuthu)
Repair
Tœk« (Kuzhmam)
Cream
kNâ (Masuthi)
Mosque
nghij/Foka¡f«
(Bothai/Kudimayakkam)
Intoxication
nrfÇ¤jš (Sekariththal)
Gathering
bg© (Pen)
Lady
bgUkh£o (Perumaatti)
Madam
m«kh (Ammaa)
Mum
njit (Thevai)
Demand/Hair Pasting
rij (Sathai)
Muscle
Ô¡F¢á (Thikkuchchi)
Match Stick
m«kh/jhŒ (Ammaa/Thaay)
Mother
jhŒbkhÊ (Thaaymozhi)
Mother Tongue
bfhŸssî (Kollalavu)
Quantity
k‹Å¥ò (Mannippu)
Forgiveness
m¤ij/khÄ (Aththai/Maami)
Aunt
mo¤jš (Adiththal)
Beating
328
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
329
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
मालगाड़ी (Malgadi)
Goods Train
माला (Mala)
Garland
मचल< (Michli)
Nausea
म¬ी (Mitti)
Earth
मठाई (Mithai)
Sweet
मठास (Mithas)
Sweetness
मAता (Mitrata)
Friendship
मच% (Mirch)
Pepper
मसाल (Misal)
Example
मुंबई (Mumbai)
Bombay
मु§ी (Mutthi)
Fist
मुसीबत (Musibat)
Trouble
मुग¶ (Murgi)
Hen
मुलाकात (Mulaqat)
Meeting
मुिEकल (Mushkil)
Difficult
मुहRबत (Muhabbat)
Love
मूंगफल< (Mungphali)
Peanut
मँछ
ू (Munch)
Moustache
मूखत
% ा (Murkhta)
Foolishness
ru¡F uÆš (Sarakku rayil)
Goods Train
khiy (Maalai)
Garland
Fk£lš/thªâ (Kumattal/Vaanthi)
Nausea
óÄ (Bumi)
Earth
ïÅ¥ò (Inippu)
Sweet
ÄFªj ïÅ¥ò (Miguntha Inippu)
Sweetness
e£ò (Natpu)
Friendship
ÄsF (Milaku)
Pepper
rh‹W (Saantru)
Example
gh«ng/K«ig (Baambey/Mumbai)
Bombay
KZo (Mushti)
Fist
bjhªjuî (Thontharavu)
Trouble
nfhÊ (Kozhi)
Hen
T£l« (Kuttam)
Meeting
fod« (Kadinam)
Difficult
m‹ò/fhjš (Anbu/Kaadhal)
Love
nt®¡fliy (Verkkadalai)
Peanut
Ûir (Misai)
Moustache
K£lhŸjd« (Muttalthanam)
Foolishness
330
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
331
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
मू'त% (Murti)
Statue
मूछा% (Murchha)
Faint
मूल< (Muli)
Radish
मृ यु (Mrtyu)
Death
मेज़ (Mez)
Table
मेमसा.हब (Memsahib)
Madam
मेहनत (Mehnat)
Hard Work
मेहरबानी (Mehrbani)
Grace
मैल (Mael)
Dirt
मोमबती (Mombatti)
Candle
मौसी (Mausi)
Aunt
याAा (Yatra)
Journey
याद (Yad)
Memory
यादगार (Yadgar)
Memorial
यो¥यता (Yogyata)
Suitability, Eligibility
योजना (Yojna)
Scheme
रfा (Raksha)
Protection
रचना (Rachna)
Creation
á‰g« (Sitrpam)
Statue
ka¡f« (Mayakkam)
Faint
KŸs§» (Mullanki)
Raddish
kuz« (Maranam)
Death
nkir (Mesai)
Table
bgUkh£o (Perumaatti)
Madam
fod ciH¥ò (Kadina Uzhaippu)
Hard Work
»Uig/mHF (Kirubai/Azhaku)
Grace
mG¡F/khR (Azhukku/Maasu)
Dirt
bkGFt®¤â (Mezhukuvarththi)
Candle
m«khÉ‹ rnfhjÇ
(Ammavin Sakothari)
Aunt
ah¤âiu/gaz«
(Yaaththirai/Payanam)
Journey
Ãidî/Phgf« (Ninaivu/Gnaabakam)
Memory
Phgfh®¤j« (Gnaabakaarththam)
Memorial
jFâahd (Thakuthiyaana)
Suitability/Eligibility
â£l« (Thittam)
Scheme
ghJfh¥ò (Paathukaappu)
Protection
gil¥ò (Padaippu)
Creation
332
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
333
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
रजाई (Razai)
Quilt
रØतार (Raftar)
Speed
रसीद (Rasid)
Receipt
रसोई (Rasoi)
Kitchen
र5सी (Rassi)
Rope
राख (Raakh)
Ash
राजधानी (Rajdhani)
Capital
राजनी'त (Rajniti)
Politics
रात (Raat)
Night
रानी (Rani)
Queen
राय (Raay)
Opinion
रा श (Rashi)
Amount
भाषा (Bhasha)
Language
रा9<यता (Rastriyata)
Nationality
राहत (Rahat)
Relief
रहस%ल (Riharsal)
Practice
रEवत (Rishvat)
Bribe
[खाई (Rukhai)
Dryness
ZOच (Ruchi)
Taste
bk¤ij (Meththai)™™™
Quilt
ntf« (Vekam)
Speed
g‰W¢Ó£L (Patrtruchchittu)
Receipt
rikayiw (Samaiyalatrai)
Kitchen
fÆW (Kayitru)
Rope
rh«gš (Saambal)
Ash
jiyef® (Thalainagar)
Capital
muáaš (Arasiyal)
Politics
ïuî (Iravu)
Night
muá/uhÂ (Arasi/Raani)
Queen
fU¤J (Karuththu)
Opinion
bjhif (Thokai)
Amount
bkhÊ (Mozhi)
Language
njáa«/ehL (Thesiyam/Naadu)
Nationality
tU¤j« mf‰wš
(Varuththam Akatrtral)
Relief
gÆ‰á (Payitrchi)
Practice
yŠr« (Lancham)
Bribe
cy®thd (Ularvaana)
Dryness
Rit (Suvai)
Taste
334
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
335
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
[सी (Rusi)
Russian
रे खा (Rekha)
Line
रे त (Ret)
Sand
रे लगाड़ी (Relgadi)
Train
रोक (Rok)
Restriction
रोट< (Roti)
Bread
रोशनी (Roshni)
Light
रौनक (Raunak)
Brightness
लiबाई (Lambai)
Length
लकड़ी (Lakdi)
Wood
लक र (Lakir)
Line
लgजा (Lajja)
Shame
लड़क (Ladki)
Girl
लड़ाई (Ladai)
Fight
ल5सी (Lassi)
Drink
लहर (Lahar)
Wave
लाइट (Lait)
Light
लाठ½ (Lathi)
Stick
लापरवाह< (Laparvahi)
Carelessness
uZa‹ (Rashyan)
Russian
nfhL (Kodu)
Line
k© (Man)
Sand
bjhl®t©o (Thodarvandi)
Train
f£L¥ghL (Kattuppaadu)
Restriction
buh£o (Rotti)
Bread
xË (Oli)
Light
btË¢r« (Velichcham)
Brightness
Ús« (Nilam)
Length
ku« (Maram)
Wood
nfhL (Kodu)
Line
bt£f« (Vetkam)
Shame
áWÄ (Sitrumi)
Girl
r©il (Sandai)
Fight
ghd« (Baanam)
Drink
miy (Alai)
Wave
És¡F (Vilakku)
Light
F¢á (Kuchchi)
Stick
ftd¡Fiwî (Kavanakkutraivu)
Carelessness
336
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
337
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
लालसा (Lalsa)
Desire
लाश (Lash)
Dead Body
लखावट (Likhavat)
Writing
लCप (Lipi)
Script
ल<द (Lid)
Dung
ले»खका (Lekhika)
Writer
लोमड़ी (Lomdi)
Fox
वकालत (Vaqalat)
Law Practice
वजह (Vajah)
Reason
वदà (Vardi)
Uniform
वण%माला (Varnmaalaa)
Alphabet
वत%नी (Vartani)
Spelling
वषा% (Varshaa)
Rain
व5तु (Vastu)
Thing
वाणी (Vaanii)
Vocal
वासना (Vaasnaa)
Desire
Cवजय (Vijay)
Victory
Cवदाई (Vidaai)
Parting, Send Off
ÉU¥g« (Viruppam)
Desire
ãz« (Pinam)
Dead Body
vGJjš (Ezhuthuthal)
Writing
m¢brG¤J (Achchezhuththu)
Script
rhz« (Saanam)
Dung
vG¤jhs® (Ezhuththaalar)
Writer
eÇ (Nari)
Fox
r£l¥gÆ‰á (Sattappayitrchi)
Law Practice
fhuz« (Kaaranam)
Reason
ÓUil (Sirudai)
Uniform
mfutÇir (Akaravarisai)
Alphabet
vG¤J¡T£lš (Ezhuththukkuttal)
Spelling
kiH (Mazhai)
Rain
bghUŸ (Porul)
Thing
Fuš (Kural)
Vocal
ÉU¥g« (Viruppam)
Desire
bt‰¿ (Vetrtri)
Victory
tÊaD¥òjš (Vazhiyanupputhal)
Parting/Send Off
338
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
339
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
Cवoया (Vidyaa)
Academic
Cवधवा (Vidhvaa)
Widow
CवOध (Vidhi)
Rule, Law
Cवरासत (Viraasatt)
Inheritance
1यव5था (Vyavasthaa)
Arrangement
शंका (Shankaa)
Doubt
शि2त (Shakti)
Power
शताRद< (Shataabdii)
Century
शपथ (Shapath
Oath
शरण (Sharan)
Refuge
शरबत (Sharbat)
A Sweet Drink
शम% (Sharm)
Shame
शराब (Sharaab)
Alchoholic Drink
शरारत (Sharaarat)
Mischief
शाखा (Shaakhaa)
Branch
शाद< (Shaadii)
Wedding
शां'त (Shaanti)
Peace
शाम (Sham)
Evening
fšÉ (Kalvi)
Academic
Éjit (Vithavai)
Widow
r£l« (Sattam)
Rule, Law
cÇik¥bghUŸ (Urimaipporul)
Inheritance
V‰ghL (Etrpaadu)
Arrangement
Ia«/rªnjf« (Aaiyam/Santhekam)
Doubt
r¡â (Sakthi)
Power
ü‰wh©L (Nutrtraandu)
Century
cWâbkhÊ (Utruthimozhi)
Oath
òfÈl«/Kfh« (Pukalidam/Mukaam)
Refuge
ïÅ¥ò ghd« (Inippu baanam)
A Sweet Drink
bt£f« (Vetkam)
Shame
nghij jU« ghd« (Bothai Tharum
baanam)
Alchoholic Drink
Ô§F/gGJ/nrj«
(Thinku/Pazhathu/Setham)
Mischief
»is (Kilai)
Branch
âUkz« (Thirumanam)
Wedding
mikâ (Amaithi)
Peace
khiy (Maalai)
Evening
340
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
341
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
शायर< (Shaayrii)
Poetry
शाल (Shaal)
Shawl
शाल<नता (Shaleenta)
Decency
शकायत (Shikaayat)
Complaint
शfा (Shikshaa)
Education
शमला मच% (Shimla Mirch)
Capsicum
शीशी (Shiishii)
Small Bottle
शभ
ु कामनाएं (Shubh Kaamnaae)
Best Wishes
शु[आत (Shuruaat)
Beginning
शैल< (Shailii)
Style
सं«या (Sankhyaa)
Number
संaा (Sangyaa)
Noun
सiप'त (Sampatti)
Property
संभावना (Sambhaavnaa)
Possibility
सं5कृत (Sanskrit)
Sanskrit
सं5कृ'त (Sanskriti)
Culture
सं5था (Sansthaa)
Institution
स«ती (Sakhtii)
Hardness
fÉij (Kavithai)
Poerty
rhšit (Saalvai)
Shawl
kÇahij (Mariyaathai)
Decency
òfh® (Pukaar)
Complaint
fšÉ (Kalvi)
Education
Fil ÄsfhŒ (Kudai Milakaay)
Capscium
á¿a Órh (Sitriya Sisaa)
Small Bottle
ešthœ¤J¡fŸ (Nalvaazhththukkal)
Best Wishes
Jt¡f« (Thuvakkam)
Beginning
ehfÇf« (Naakarikam)
Style
v© (En)
Number
bga® (Peyar)
Noun
brh¤J (Soththu)
Property
rh¤âa« (Saaththiyam)
Possibility
rk°»Uj« (Samaskirutham)
Sanskrit
fyh¢rhu« (Kalaachchaaram)
Culture
fšÉ ÃWtd« (Kalvi Nitruvanam)
Institution
fodkhdJ (Kadinamaanathu)
Hardness
342
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
343
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
सnचाई (Sacchai)
Truthfulness
सज़ा (Sazaa)
Punishment
सड़क (Sadak)
Road
सद< (Sadii)
Century
सफलता (Saphaltaa)
Success
सफाई (Safaaii)
Cleaning
सRज़ी (Sabzii)
Vegetable
सRजीमंडी (Sabziimandii)
Vegetable Market
सeयता (Sabhyataa)
Civilization
समझ (Samajh)
Understanding
सम5या (Samsyaa)
Problem
समाधी (Samaadhi)
Meditation
समानता (Samaantaa)
Likeness, Equality
सरकार (Sarkaar)
Government
सरदारनी (Sardaarnii)
A Sikh Woman
सरस (Sarson)
Mustard
सदà (Sardii)
Cold
सलवार कमीज़
(Salvaar Kameez)
Salwar Kameez
सलाह (Salaah)
Advice
c©ikahd (Unmaiyaana)
Truthfulness
j©lid (Thandanai)
Punishment
rhiy (Saalai)
Road
rj«/üW (Satham/Nutru)
Century
bt‰¿ (Vetrtri)
Success
öŒik (Thuymai)
Cleaning
fhŒf¿ (Kaaykatri)
Vegetable
fhŒf¿¢ rªij (Kaaykatri Santhai)
Vegetable Masket
nj®¢á/K‹nd‰w«
(Therchchi/Munnetrtram)
Civilization
òÇªJ bfhŸSjš (Purinthu kolluthal)
Understanding
á¡fš (Sikkal)
Problem
âahd« (Thiyaanam)
Meditation
x‰Wik/rk« (Otrtrumai/Samam)
Likeness/Equality
murh§f« (Arasaankam)
Government
r®jhÇÂ (Sardhaarini)
A Sikh Woman
fLF¢bro (Kadukuchchedi)
Mustaed
#ynjhõ«/rË (Jalathosham/Sali)
Cold
ršth® fÛ°/bg©fŸ Mil
(Salvaar Kamis/Penkal aadai)
Salwar Kameez
m¿îiu (Atrivurai)
Advice
344
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
345
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
सवार< (Savaarii)
Passenger
सहम'त (Sahmati)
Agreement
सहानुभू'त (Sahaanubhuuti)
Sympathy
सहायता (Sahaaytaa)
Assistance, Help
सहे ल< (Sahelii)
Female Friend
सांस (Saans)
Breath
साइकल (Saaikil)
Bicycle
साड़ी (Saadii)
Sari
साल-Oगरह (Saal-Girah)
Anniversary
सावधानी (Saavdhaanii)
Care
सास (Saas)
Mother In Law
सलवट (Silvat)
Fold
सीट< (Siitii)
Whistle
सीढ़< (Sidhi)
Stairs
सीमा (Seemaa)
Border
संद
ु रता (Sundartaa)
Beauty
सुबह (Subah)
Morning
सुरfा (Surakshaa)
Security
सCु वधा (Suvidhaa)
Convenience
gaÂ (Payani)
Passenger
cl‹go¡if/x¥gªj«
(Udanpadikkai/Oppantham)
Agreement
ïu¡f« (Irakkam)
Sympathy
cjÉ (Uthavi)
Assistance/Help
njhÊ (Thozhi)
Female Friend
_¢R (Muchchu)
Breath
Äât©o (Mithivandi)
Bicycle
òlit (Pudavai)
Sasi
M©L Ãiwî (Aandu nitraivu)
Anniversary
ghJfh¥ò (Paathukaappu)
Care
khÄah® (Maamiyaar)
Mother-In-Law
ko (Madi)
Fold
Cjš (Uthal)
Whistle
gofŸ/go¡f£L (Padikal/Padikkattu)
Stairs
všiy (Ellai)
Border
mHF (Azhaku)
Beauty
fhiy (Kaalai)
Morning
ghJfhtš (Paathukaaval)
Security
ey«/mDTy« (Nalam/Anukulam)
Convenience
346
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
347
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
सूंड(Sound)
Elephants Trunk
सुई (Suii)
Needle
सच
ू ना (Suuchnaa)
Information
सूची (Suchii)
List
सूजन (Suujan)
Swelling
सरू त (Suurat)
Face
सुख¶ (Suurkhii)
Headline
सेना (Sena)
Army
सेवा (Sevaa)
Service
सेहत (Sehat)
Health
सैर (Sair)
Trip
स¨फ (Saunf)
Aniseed/Fennel
सौतेल< मां (Sauteli Ma)
Step Mother
5Aी (Strii)
Woman
ि5तOथ (Sthiti)
Situation
ि5थर (Sthir)
Fixed
5याह< (Syaahii)
Ink
5वतंAता (Svatantrataa)
Independence
हं सी (Hasi)
Laugh
J«ã¡if (Thumbikkai)
Elephants Trunk
Cá (Usi)
Needle
brŒâ (Seythi)
Information
g£oaš (Pattiyal)
List
å¡f« (Vikkam)
Swelling
Kf« (Mukam)
Face
jiy¥ò¢ brŒâ (Thalaippuch cheythi)
Headline
uhQt« (Raanuvam)
Army
nrit (Sevai)
Service
clš ey« (Udal nalam)
Health
R‰Wyh (Sutrtrulaa)
Trip
jÇR/rJ¥òÃy«
(Tharisu/Sathuppunilam)
Aniseed/Feneel
kh‰whªjhŒ (Maatrtraanthaay)
Step Mother
bg©kÂ (Penmani)
Woman
NœÃiy (Suzhnilai)
Situation
cWâahd (Utruthiyaana)
Fixed
rha«/ik (Saayam/Mai)
Ink
Rjªâu« (Suthanthiram)
Independence
áÇ¥ò (Sirippu)
Laugh
348
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Page
349
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
हड़ताल (Hadtaal)
Strike
ह®डी (Haddii)
Bone
हथकड़ी (Hathkadii)
Handcuff
हद (Ha)
Limit
हथेल< (Hathelii)
Palm
हथौड़ी (Hathaudii)
Hammer
हमददà (Hamdardii)
Sympathy
हरयाल< (Hariyaalii)
Greenery
हवा (Havaa)
Air
हवाई डाक (Havaaii Daak )
Airmail
हा'न (Haani)
Loss
हालत (Haalat)
Condition
.हंसा (Hinsaa)
Violence
.हचक (Hichki)
Hiccup
.ह0द< (Hindi)
Hindi
.ह0द5
ु तानी (Hindustaanii)
Indian
.हफाज़त (Hifaazat )
Protection
.हiमत (Himmat)
Courage
है रानी (Hairaanii)
Amazement
ÃW¤j«/jil (Nitruththam/Thadai)
Strike
vY«ò (Elumbu)
Bone
ifÉy§F (Kaivilanku)
Handcuff
všiy (Ellai)
Limit
cŸs§if (Ullankai)
Palm
r«k£o (Sammatti)
Hammer
ïu¡f« (Irakkam)
Sympathy
gRik (Pasumai)
Greenery
fh‰W (Kaatrtru)
Air
thdŠrš (Vaananchal)
Airmail
ïH¥ò (Izhappu)
Loss
Ãgªjid/Ãiy (Nipanthanai/Nilai)
Condition
bfh^u« (Koduram)
Violence
É¡fš (Vikkal)
Hiccup
ïªâ (Indhi)
Hindi
ïªâa‹ (Indhiyan)
Indian
ghJfh¥ò (Paadhukaappu)
Protection
ijÇa«/JÂî (Thairiyam/Thunivu)
Courage
M¢r®a«/âif¥ò
(Aachcharyam/Thikaippu)
Amazement
350
English
Page
Tamil
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
है सयत (Haisiyat)
Capacity
होल< (Holii)
Holi
हो शयार< (Hoshiyaarii)
Cleverness
A.ु ट (Truti)
Error, Fault
Bेणी (Shrenii)
Class
Page
351
7 Wonders of the World
Tamil
English
tšyik/âw« (Vallamai/Thitram)
Capacity
nAhÈ g©oif (Holi Pandikai)
Holi
rhk®¤âa« (Saamarththiyam)
Cleverness
jtW (Thavatru)
Error/Fault
ju«/jFâ (Tharam/Thakuthi)
Class
Hindi Feminine Gender Words
Gender Example (Tamil) Continued….
The Great Wall of China
Page
352
(One of Current 7 Wonders of the World)
Language: HINDI
कारक
Case
संaा या सव%नाम के िजस Zप से उसका सiब0ध वा2य क ªया या
अ0य शRद से जाना जाए, उसे कारक कहते ह+ |
The form of noun or pronoun that forms a direct connection with the
verb is called case.
In Hindi, कारक (Case) shows what is being done by whom and by
what. Instances are highlighted:
१. राम ने कताब खर<द< |
२. गुZजी बnच को पढ़ा रहे ह+ |
३. सौरभ कलम से लख रहा है |
४. खाने के लए सिRजयाँ खर<द लो |
५. पेड़ से आम Oगरा |
६. यह राम क पु5तक है |
७. छत पर बnचे खेल रहे ह+ |
८. ºडRबे म@ औषOधयाँ रखीं ह+ |
९. हे बालको ! सदा सच बोलो |
There are 8 major cases in Hindi. These are:
१.
कता% कारक (Karta Karak) – Nominative Case: This uses ने
as postposition.
२.
करण कारक (Karan Karak) – Instrument Case: This uses
से, के oवारा as postposition.
३.
अपादान कारक ( Apaadan Karak) – Ablative Case :This uses
से as postposition.
Page
353
४.
सiब0ध कारक (Sambandh Karak) – Possessive Case: This
uses का, के , क / रा, रे , र< as postposition.
Language: TAMIL
nt‰Wik
Case
bga® mšyJ ãuâbga®¢brh‰fis ÉidnahL neuoahf
ïiz¡F« brhš (vG¤J) nt‰Wik vd¥gL»wJ.
The form of noun or pronoun that forms a direct connection with the
verb is called case.
In Hindi, Case shows what is being done by whom and by what
Instances are highlighted.
1. uh« ò¤jf¤ij th§»dh‹.
2. MáÇa® khzt®fS¡F¡ f‰ã¤jh®.
3. rh¥ãLtj‰fhf fhŒf¿ th§F.
4. ku¤âÈUªJ kh«gH« ÉGªjJ.
5. ïJ uhÄDila ò¤jf«.
6. khoÆš ãŸisfŸ ÉisahL»wh®fŸ.
7. bg£o¡FŸ kUªJfŸ it¡f¥gL»‹wd.
8. V! FHªijfns! v¥nghJ« c©ikna ngR§fŸ.
There are 8 major cases in Hindi and also Tamil those are:
1. vGthŒ nt‰Wik (Ezhuvaay Vetrtrumai) – Nominative case :
this uses (ne) as postposition in Hindi not in Tamil.
2. fUÉ nt‰Wik (Karuvi Vetrtrumai) – Instrument case : This
uses Mš, Mf, XL as Postposition.
3. Ú§fš bghUŸ nt‰Wik (Ningal porul vetrtrumai) – Ablative
case: This uses ï‹ as postposition.
Page
Possesive case: This uses mJ, cila as postposition.
354
4. »Hik¥ bghUŸ nt‰Wik (Kizhamaip porul vetrtrumai) –
Case (Hindi) Continued….
५.
६.
कम% कारक (Karm Karak) – Objective Case :This uses को as
postposition.
संदान कारक (Sampradan Karak) – Dative Case :This uses
को, के लए as postposition.
७.
अOधकरण कारक (Adhikaran Karak) – Locative Case :This
uses म@ , पर as postposition.
८.
संबोधन कारक (Sambodhan Karak) – Vocative Case :This uses
हे , अरे , ओ as postposition.
There are eight cases in Hindi.
1. Nominative – (the doer) - कता% – ने
2. Accusative – (action/deed, that which is done) – कम% – को
3. Instrumental – (producing, causing) करण – से, के साथ, के oवारा
4. Dative
– (to whom, or for whom given) – संदान – के
लए, को
5. Ablative
– (taking from/separation/detachment) – अपादान
से (पथ
ृ क)
6. Genitive
7. Locative
Page
355
8. Vocative
– ( bound up with, related) – संबंध – का, के, क –
The Genitive Case signifies any relation or
connection which may exist between two or
more persons or things.
– (placing upon) अOधकरण – म@ , पर – It has
reference to place, time, and logical sequence.
– (calling to, address) संबोधन – हे ! हरे ! – The
Vocative is the Case used when a person or
many are directly addressed.
Case (Tamil) Continued….
Page
356
5. bra¥gL
bghUŸ
nt‰Wik
(Seyappaduporul
vetrtrumai)-objective case : This uses I as
postposition.
6. nfhlšbghUŸ nt‰Wik (Kodalporul Vetrtrumai) –
Dative Case: This uses F, Mf as postposition.
7. ïl¥bghUŸ nt‰Wik (Idapporul Vetrtrumai) –
Locative Case – This uses f©, ïl«, ïš as
postposition.
8. ÉË nt‰Wik (Vili vetrtrumai) – Vocative case : This
uses V! X! as postposition.
There are Eight Cases in Tamil.
1. Nominative – (The doer) vGthŒ
2. Accusative – (Action/deed, that which is done) –
bra¥gLbghUŸ - I
3. Instrumental – (Producing, Causing) – fUÉ - Mš,
Mf, XL.
4. Dative – (To whom, or for whom given) –
nfhlšbghUŸ – F, Mf.
5. Ablative – (Taking from / Seperation / detachment) Ú§fš bghUŸ - ï‹.
6. Genitive – (Bound up with, related) - »Hik¥ bghUŸ mJ, cila.
7. Locative – (Placing upon) - ïl¥bghUŸ - f©, ïl«,
ïš.
8. Vocative – (Calling to, address) ÉË¤jš / miH¤jš –
V! X! The Vocative is the case used when a person or
many are directly addressed.
Case (Hindi) Continued….
This poem could help you to remember all the case endings:
“कता% ने अ[ कम% को, करण र<'त से जान ।
संदान को, के लए, अपादान से मान ।।
का, के, क , संबंध ह+, अOधकरणा.दक म@ मान ।
रे ! हे ! हो ! संबोधन, मA धरहु यह ]यान ।। “
(Karta ne aru karm ko, karan reeti se jaan.
Sampradaan ko,ke liye, apadaan se maan.
ka, ke, ki, sambhandh hai, adhikaranaadik mein maan.
re! hey! ho! sambodhan, mitr dharahu yeh dhyan.)
Page
357
The Monastery at Petra, Jordan
One of 7 Wonders of the World
Apollo 11 astronaut Edwin Aldrin photographed this iconic photo, a view
of his footprint in the lunar soil, as part of an experiment to study the
nature of lunar dust and the effects of pressure on the surface during
One of 7 Wonders of the World
Page
The mountain Huayna Picchu behind the
ruins of Machu Picchu, Peru
358
the historic first manned moon landing in July 1969.
Language: HINDI
काल
TENSE
काल का शािRदक अथ% होता है - समय । ªया के िजस Zप से काय% के होने के
समय का बोध हो, उसे काल कहते ह+।
काल के भेद : काल के तीन भेद होते ह+ –
१. वत%मान काल (Present Tense)
२. भूतकाल (Past Tense)
३. भCव9य काल (Future Tense)
१. वतgमान काल: ªया के िजस Zप से यह aात हो क काम (काय% )
अभी चल रहा है , उसे वत%मान काल कहते ह+। जैसे –
१.मै रोज ªकेट खेलता हूँ।
२.राम अभी -अभी आया है ।
३.Cपता जी खाना खा रहे ह+।
४.वषा% हो रह< है ।
इन वा2य म@ खेलता हूँ,आया है ,खा रहे ह+,वषा% हो रह< है आ.द ªयाय से यह
बोध हो रहा है क काय% अभी चल रहा है । अतः वत%मान काल ह+।
२. भत
ू काल: ªया के िजस Zप से बीते हुए समय का aान हो, उसे
भत
ू काल कहते ह+। जैसे –
१.रमेश पटना गया था।
२.पहले म+ लखनऊ म@ पढ़ता था।
३.वह गा रहा था।
४.मोर नाच रहा था।
उपयु2त सभी वा2य म@ ªया के समाmत होने का बोध हो रहा है । अतः ये
Page
359
भूतकाल ह+।
Language: TAMIL
fhy«
TENSE
Page
nk‰f©l
bjhl®fËš
br‹¿Uªjh‹,
go¤nj‹,
bfh©oUªjh‹, bfh©oUªjJ ngh‹wit ÉidKoªj
fhy¤ij¡ F¿¡»‹wd. Mfnt, ïJ ïwªj fhy« vd¥gL«.
360
fhy« v‹gj‹ rÇahd bghUŸ neu« v‹gjhF«. Éid ÃfG«
neu¤ij¡ F¿¥gij¡ fhy« v‹»nwh«.
fhy tiffŸ : fhy« _‹W tif¥gL«.
1. Ãfœ fhy« (Present Tense)
2. ïwªj fhy« (Past Tense)
3. vâ® fhy« (Future Tense)
1. Ãfœfhy« : Éid ÃfœªJ bfh©oU¡F« fhy¤ij¡ F¿¥gJ
Ãfœfhy« vd¥gL«.
vL¤J¡fh£L
1. eh‹ âdK« »Ç¡bf£ ÉisahL»nw‹.
2. uh« ï¥bghGJjh‹ teÐj¨UfÐ»wh‹.
3. m¥gh rh¥ãìÐLfªbfhzÐïUfÐ»wh®.
4. kiH bgaÐJ bfhzÐïUfÐ»wJ.
ïªj bjhlÇš, ÉisahL»nw‹, tU»wh‹, rh¥ãL»wh®,
bghÊ»wJ ngh‹w brašfËš braš (Éid) ÃfœªJ
bfh©oU¡»wJ v‹gJ bjÇ»wJ. Mfnt Ãfœfhy« vd¥gL«.
2. ïwªj fhy« : Éid ÃfœªJ Koªj fhy¤ij¡ F¿¥gJ ïwªj
fhykhF«.
vL¤J¡fh£L
1. unkZ gh£dh br‹¿Uªjh‹.
2. KjÈš eh‹ y¡ndhÉš go¤nj‹.
3. mt‹ gho¡ bfh©oUªjh‹.
4. kÆš Mo¡ bfh©oUªjJ.
Tense (Hindi) Continued….
३. भ2वय काल : ªया के िजस Zप से आने वाले समय म@
ªया के होने का पता चले, उसे भCव9य काल कहते है । जैसे –
१. राम दौड़ेगा ।
२. म+ कल Cवoयालय जाऊँगा।
३. Eयाम कल कोलकाता जाएगा।
४. खाना कुछ दे र म@ बन जाएगा।
इन वा2य म@ आने वाले समय का बोध हो रहा है ।
अतः ये भCव9य काल ह+।
नोट:
वत%मान काल - जो समय चल रहा है ।
भूतकाल - बीता हुआ समय।
Page
361
भCव9य काल - जो समय अभी आएगा।
Taj Mahal, India
One of 7 Wonders of the World
Tense (Tamil) Continued….
3. vâ®fhy« :
Éid ÃfHÉU¡F« fhy¤ij¡ F¿¥gJ
vâ®fhykhF«.
vL¤J¡fh£L
1. uh« XLth‹.
2. ehis gŸË¡F¢ bršnt‹.
3. Zah« ehis bfhšf¤jh bršth‹.
4. czî á¿J neu¤âš jahuh»ÉL«.
nkny f©l bjhl®fËš XLth‹, bršth‹, jahuh»ÉL«
ngh‹w brh‰fŸ Éid ÃfH¥nghtij¢ R£Ltjhš ïit
vâ®fhy« F¿¡F« bjhl®fshF«.
F¿¥ò :
Ãfœfhy« - elªJ bfh©oU¥gij¡ F¿¥gJ.
ïwªjfhy« - Koªjij¡ F¿¥gJ.
One of 7 Wonders of the World
Page
The Colosseum, or the Coliseum, originally the Flavian
Amphitheatre
362
vâ®fhy« - vâ®tU« neu¤ij¡ F¿¥gJ.
Language: HINDI
2वराम :च/ह
PUNCTUATIONS
Cवराम Oच0ह को Punctuation (पं2चए
ु शन) कहते ह+। इनका उmयोग
लखते समय कया जाता है । इस से लेखक वा2य के कार व सह< ठहराव क
जानकार< दे पाते ह+। इससे यह भी पता चलता है क ठहराव कस कार का
होगा - Eन पछ
ू ते समय ठहराव अलग होता है और है रानी का इज़हार अलग
होता है ।
Punctuations are deployed at the time of writing. They indicate the
type of sentences and the places where of the pauses and stops are
intended by the writer and their nature. The punctuation also
indicates what type of pause is intended - the pause is different for
questions and different for exclamations.
gयादातर यु2त होने वाले Cवराम Oच0ह ह+ - Commonly used punctuations
are...
Full Stop
(.)
(फुल 5टॉप) - पूण% Cवराम
Question Mark
(?)
(2वशन माक%) - Eन Oच0ह
Exclamation Mark
(!)
(ए2स2लमेशन माक%) –
Page
363
Cव5मया.द बोधक Oच0ह
Comma
(,)
(कौमा) - अhप Cवराम
Semi Colon
(;)
(सेमी कोलन) - अध% Cवराम
Colon
(:)
(कोलन) - Cवसग%
Language: TAMIL
ÃW¤j‰F¿fŸ
PUNCTUATIONS
ÃW¤j‰F¿fis Punctuation (g§¡Rntõ‹) v‹»nwh«.
bjhl®fis
vGJ«nghJ
bjhl®fis
v§bf§F,
nt©Lnkh,
mj‰nf‰w
ï¡F¿fis¥
v¥goba¥go
F¿fis
ga‹gL¤J»nwh«.
ÃW¤â
vG¤jhs®
c¢rÇ¡f
ga‹gL¤j
nt©L«. ÃW¤j‰F¿fËš Édh¡F¿¡F«, cz®¢á¡ F¿¡F«
ÄFªj ntWghL c©L.
Punctuations are deployed at the time of writing. They indicate the
type of sentences and the stops are intended by the writer and their
nature. The punctuation also indicates what type of pause is intended
the pauses is different for questions and different for exclamations.
bghJthf¥ ga‹gL¤j¥gL« áy F¿fŸ – Commonly used
(.)
-
K‰W¥òŸË
Question Mark
(?)
-
Édh¡F¿
Exclamation Mark
(!)
-
cz®¢á¡ F¿
Comma
(,)
-
fh‰òŸË
Semi clolon
(;)
-
miu¥òŸË
Colon
(:)
-
K¡fh‰òŸË
Page
Full Stop
364
Punctuations are..
Punctuations (Hindi) Continued….
कुछ अ0य Oच0ह िजनका उmयोग कया जाता है . Some other used
punctuations are...
Inverted Comma
(“”)
(इंवटÎ ड कौमा) -
Hyphen
(-)
(हाइफन)
Parentheses
()
(पैर0थी सस)
Apostrophe
(')
(अपॉ5ॉफ )
Comma (कौमा) - अhप Cवराम
The comma (,) is the short pause and is always used within sentences.
It is used in cases wherever the writer wants to indicate a small
separation, like...
To separate words or elements of the same part of speech in a
series...
This is Ram, Sahib, Kiran and Mahesh.
Get up, freshen up, have breakfast and rush off to school.
To separate two pair of words using "and".
Semi Colon (सेमी कोलन) - अध% Cवराम
The semi colon (;) is used to connect two loosely connected clauses.
Colon (कोलन) - अपूण% Cवराम
The colon (:) is optionally used to mark the beginning of a quotation or
at the beginning of an enumeration.
Question Mark (2वशन मार्क) - Eन Oच0ह
The question mark (?) is used to mark the end of a direct question.
Page
365
Exclamation Mark (ए2स2लमेशन माक%) - Cव5मय सच
ू क Oच0ह
The exclamation mark (!) is used to mark the end of an Interjection.
Punctuations (Tamil) Continued….
ga‹gL« ntW áy F¿fshtd ...
Inverted Comma
Hyphen
Parentheses
Apostrophe
Comma – fh‰òŸË
(“”)
(-)
()
(‘)
- nk‰go (nk‰nfhŸ) F¿
- ïiz¥ò¢ áWnfhL
- ãiw¡F¿ (mil¥ò¡F¿)
- ÉLF¿
fh‰òŸË (,) v‹gJ á¿a ÃW¤j¡F¿. nkY« ïJ bjhl®fS¡»ilÆš
v¥nghJ«
ga‹gLtJ.
vGJgt®fŸ
j«
ÉU¥g¥go
v§bfšyh«
bjhl®fis¤ jÅ¤J¡ F¿¤J¡ fh©ã¡f nt©Lnkh m¥nghbjšyh«
ga‹gL¤Jt®. vL¤J¡fh£lhf...
brhš mšyJ bghUis¤ jÅna ãÇ¥gj‰F¥ ga‹gL»wJ...
ïJ uh«, õh»¥, »u© k‰W« knfZ.
vGªâU, jahuhF, fhy czî vL¤J¡bfh©L Éiuthf¥ gŸË¡F¥ ngh.
ïU th®¤ijfis¤ jÅ¤jÅna ãÇ¥gj‰F and gadh»wJ.
Semi Colon – miu¥òŸË
miu¥òŸËahdJ (;) ïU jÅ¤jÅ th¡»a c£ãÇîfis ïiz¡f¥
ga‹gLtJ. (v.fh) kÅj thœ¡if, X® MW; Fs« m‹W.
Colon – K¡fh‰òŸË
K¡fh‰òŸËahdJ
(:)
bgU«ghY«
nk‰nfhS¡F
K‹ngh
(m)
òŸËÉtu¤â‰F K‹ngh ga‹gL¤j¥gL«.
(v.fh) bghUŸ TWf : fËW, VW / FwŸ mâfhu« 8:5
Question Mark – Édh¡F¿
neuoahf Édt¥gL« Édh¡fË‹ ïWâÆš ï¡F¿ ga‹gL»wJ.
(v.fh) Ú ah®? / mJ v‹d? / cd¡F v‹d nt©L«?
Exclamation Mark – cz®¢á¡F¿
FoauR¤ jiyt® mt®fns! tUf! tUf!
Page
F¿ahF«. (v.fh) thÊ! thÊ! jÄœehL thÊant!
366
cz®¢áia btË¥gL¤J« bjhlÇ‹ (brhšÈ‹) ïWâÆš ïl¥bgW«
Language: HINDI
पयाgयवाची श?द
Synonym Words
Word
Pronunciation
अ'तOथ
Atithi (Guest)
अमत
ृ
Amrit (Nectar)
अि¥न
Agni (Fire)
अनप
ु म
Anupam
(Unique)
अथ%
Arth (Money)
अEव
Ashv (Horse)
हय, वािज, घोडा, घोटक
अंधकार
Andhakaar
(Darkness)
तम, 'त मर, त मã, अँधेरा
असरु
Sur (Devil)
आँख
Ahankaar
(Vanity)
Aankh (Eye)
आकाश
Aakaash (Sky)
Page
367
अंहकार
Synonyms
मेहमान, अeयागत,
आग0तुक, पाहुना
सुधा, सोम, पीयुष,
अ मय, अमी
अनल, पावक, कृशानु,
आग, gवाला
अपूव,% अतुल,
अनोखा, अदभुत
धन ्, ¦1य, मु¦ा, दौलत,
Cवत, पैसा
दनुज, दै य, राfस, 'नशाचर, दानव,
रा>Aचर
दं भ, दप%, घमंड, अ भमान
नेA, नयन, लोचन, चfु, अÌf, Ùि9ट
नभ, गगन, अंबर, अंतरf, आसमान,
1योम ्
Language: TAMIL
ne®¢brh‰fŸ
Synonym Words
Word
Pronunciation
Synonyms
Virunthinar
ÉUªâd®
mÄœj«
Ô
(Guest)
òânah®, R‰w«, cwÉd®
Amizhtham
ïÅik, Ú®, czî, nrhW, njt%©,
(Nectar)
ghš, nkh£r«
Thi/Thee (Fire)
Ôik, beU¥ò, m¿î, nfhg«, ïÅik
Atrputham
m‰òj«
(Unique)
bghUŸ/brš
Porul/Selvam
t«
(Money)
mHF, mâra«, X® v©
âuÉa«, fhÇa«, mw«, flîŸ, ãŸis,
brh‰bghUŸ, bgh‹, K¤â m¿î,
c©ik, j¤Jt«
Fâiu
Kuthirai (Horse)
Éy§F, ahGW¥ò, C®¡FUÉ, xU
kiy
ïUŸ
Irul (Darkness)
euf«, fLik, ka¡f«, ky«, ïU£L,
J‹g«, F‰w«, fW¥ò, ahid
mRu‹
Asuran (Devil)
mu¡f‹, ïuh¡fj‹
Thatrperumai
j‰bgUik
f©
(Vanity)
Kan (Eye)
kkij, f®t«, mf§fhu«, X® v©
tÊ, Jthu«, fQ, m¿î, ïl«, mHF,
Vaanam (Sky)
kiH, Mfha«, cy®ªj ku«
Page
thd«
368
_§»š
Page
369
Synonym Words (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Pronunciation
Synonyms
आमा
Aatma (Soul)
इnछा
Ichchaa (Wish)
इं¦
Indra
(Name Of God)
ईEवर
Ishwar (God)
कमल
Kamal (Lotus)
करण
Kiran (Ray)
रिEम, अंशु, कर, मयुख, gयो'त, भा
कोयल
Koyal
(Nightingale)
कोकला, Cपक, सारका, कुहुकनी,
गणेश
Ganesh
(Name Of God)
गंगा
Ganga (Ganges)
जीव, दे व, चैत0य, चेतनततव,
अंतःकरण
अ भलाषा, कामना, अ भाय, मनोरथ,
अभी9ट
सुरेश, सुरे0¦, दे वे0¦, सुरप'त, शª,
पुरंदर
परमामा, भु, ईश, जगद<श, भगवान,
परमेEवर
जलज, पंकज, न लन, पदम ्, अरCवंद,
उपल, सरोज ्, राजीव, नीरज
वनCया
Cवनायक, गणप'त, लंबोदर, गजानन ्
भगीरथी, मंदाकनी,सुरसरता,
दे वनद<, जाहनवी
Pronunciation
Synonyms
M‹kh
Aanmaa (Soul)
gu«bghUŸ, cÆ®, Ót‹, (M¤kh)
Mir
Aasai (Wish)
m‹ò, ÉU¥g«, âir, bgh‹
ïªâu‹
Indhiran (Name
Of God)
njtuhr‹, jiyt‹, mur‹,
nkfthfd‹, nf£il
<Rtu‹
Isuvaran/Eesuva
ran (God)
<r‹, át‹, flîŸ, FU, _¤njh‹,
mur‹
jhkiu
Thaamarai
(Lotus)
Ú®, br«ò, xU ngbu©
(fky«, g§fa«)
fâ®
Kathir (Ray)
NÇa rªâu®, xË, »uz«, btÆš
FÆš
Kuyil
(Nightingale)
ïuÉšghL« xU gwit, ïuh¥gho,
brhš, Jis (nfh»y«)
Éehaf®
Vinaayakar
(Name Of God)
MidKf‹, IªJfu‹, J«ã¡ifa‹,
fnzr‹, át‹ (fzgâ)
f§if
Gangai (Ganges)
xU eâÆ‹ bga®, ÕZkÇ‹ jhŒ,
(kªjh»Å, nghftâ)
Page
Word
370
Synonym Words (Tamil) Continued….
Page
371
Synonym Words (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Pronunciation
Synonyms
गम¶
Garmi (Heat)
ताप, dी9म, ऊ9मा
चं¦
Chandra (Moon)
जल
Jal (Water)
जेवर
Jewar (Jewelry)
गहना, अलंकार, भूषण, आभरण, मंडल
धनष
ु
Dhanush (Bow)
चाप ्, शरासन, कमान, कोदं ड, धनु
नद<
Nadi (River)
नाव
Naav (Boat)
पfी
Pakshi (Bird)
पनी
Patni (Wife)
पवन
Pawan (Air)
पहाड़
Pahaad
(Mountain)
पव%त, शैल, Oगर, नग, धरणीधर,
पुA
Putra (Son)
बेटा, सुत, आमज, तनय
.हमांशु, इंद,ु सुधाकर, Cवध,ु श श,
चं¦मा, ताराप'त
नीर, तोय, वार, अमत
ृ , उदक, अंब,ु
पानी
सरता, त.टनी, तरं Oगनी, जलमाला,
दरया
नौका, तर<
खेचर, खग, Cवहं ग, नभचर, दCवज,
पतंग, पंछ½
भाया%, वध,ू वामा, अधाäOगनी,
सहध म%णी
वायु, समीर, हवा, अ'नल, समीरण,
5पश%न
धराधर, मह<धर
Pronunciation
Synonyms
NL
Sudu (Heat)
bt¥g«, Ô, beU¥ò, tL, RLjš, NLjš
Ãyî
Nilavu (Moon)
xË, rªâu‹, Ãyh, kâ, fâ®
Ú®
Nir/Neer
(Water)
j©Ù®, flš, Ú§fŸ, Fz«, j‹ik
(#y«) m¥ò
eif
Nagai (Jewelry)
Mguz«, xË, mÂ, ótU«ò, áÇ¥ò,
k»œ¢á
Éš
Vil (Bow)
xË, áiy, jD
MW
Aatru (River)
eâ, xU v©
glF
Pataku (Boat)
m«ã, Xl«, Ú®¥bgh¿, ku¡fy«
gwit
Patravai (Bird)
òŸ, t©L, áwF, xU nehŒ
kidÉ
Manaivi (Wife)
ïšyhŸ, ïšy¡»H¤â, kidahŸ,
f‰òilahŸ (g¤âÅ, rfj®ÄÅ,
ghÇahŸ)
fh‰W
Kaatrtru (Air)
fhš, thí
kiy
Malai(Mountain)
F‹W, bgU§FÉaš (g®tj«)
kf‹
Magan (Son)
jda‹ (ò¤âu‹)
Page
Word
372
Synonym Words (Tamil) Continued….
Page
373
Synonym Words (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Pronunciation
Synonyms
प9ु प
Pushp (Flower)
कुसम
ु , फूल, सन
ू , सम
ु न
पÞ
ृ वी
Prithvi (Earth)
माता
Mata (Mother)
जननी, माँ, अंबा, जनयAी
मA
Mitra (Friend)
सखा, सहचर, साथी, दो5त
मेघ
Megh (Cloud)
बादल, पयोद, जलधर, पयोधर
वन
Van (Forest)
कानन, CवCपन, अर°य, जंगल
वf
ृ
Vriksh (Tree)
तZ, दर«त, Cवटप, पेड़
शAु
Shatru (Enemy)
समo
ु र
Samudra
(Sea, Ocean)
संधु, रनाकर, पयोOध, सागर, जलOध,
समह
ू
Smooh (Group)
दल, झंड
ु , वंद
ु
ृ , गण, पंज
सप%
Sarp (Snake)
अ.ह, नाग, भज
ु ंग, Cवषधर, साँप,
5Aी
Stri (Lady)
नार<, म.हला, ललना, औरत, का मनी
संसार
Sansaar (World)
CवEव, लोक, जगत
धरा, धरती, मह<, वसुंधरा, वसुधा,
जमीन, भू म
रप,ु अर, Cवपfी,
अरा'त, दEु मन
उदOध
Pronunciation
Synonyms
ky®
Malar (Flower)
ó, mHF, mU«ò, bkh£L, å (òZg«)
óÄ
Bumi/Boomi
(Earth)
njr«, Ãy«, ïl«, eh¡F
jhŒ
Thaai (Mother)
m«kh, m‹id, ahŒ (khjh)
e©g‹
Nanban (Friend)
njhH‹, nt©ik, e£nlh®, (rfh,
njh°¤, ánef‹)
nkf«
Megam (Cloud)
K»š, vÊÈ, FÆš, xU tif nehŒ
fhL
Kaadu (Forest)
RLfhL, td«, ghiy, ÄFâ (td«)
ku«
Maram (Tree)
_Èif, ku¡fy«, ghiw tif
vâÇ
Ethiri (Foe)
_Èif, ku¡fy«, gwit, gif
flš
Kadal (Sea)
guit, X® v© (rK¤âu«, rhjy«)
r_f«
Samukam
(Group)
rKjha«, T£l«, FG, ïd«
gh«ò
Paambu (Snake)
ehf«, mut«, MÆša«, tu«ò
bg©
Pen (Lady)
bgil, bg£il (ehß, k»yh, °âß)
cyf«
Ulakam (World)
óÄ, Phy«, xG¡f«, ca®ªjt®
Page
Word
374
Synonym Words (Tamil) Continued….
Synonym Words (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Pronunciation
Synonyms
संह
Sinh (Lion)
मग
ृ राज, केसर<, हर, मग
ृ प'त, शेर
सुगंOध
Sugandhi (Scent)
सौरभ, सुर भ, महक, खश
ु बू
सूय%
Surya (Sun)
5वग%
Swarg (Heaven)
5वण%
Swarn (Gold)
कंचन, कनक, कंु दन, हे म, सोना
हाथ
Haath (Hand)
ह5त, कर
हाथी
Haathi
(Elephant)
ह5ती, कंु जर, मतंग, गज
भा5कर, रCव, .दवाकर, .दनकर,
भाकर, आ.दय, .दनेश
सरु लोक, दे वलोक, परमधाम, >A.दव,
दयल
ु ोक
Page
375
Chichen Itza is one of the most visited archaeological sites in
Mexico; an estimated 1.2 million tourists visit the ruins every
year.
One of 7 Wonders of the World
Synonym Words (Tamil) Continued….
Word
Pronunciation
Synonyms
á§f«
Singam (Lion)
mÇkh, mÇ, VW (nfrÇ)
thrid¥
bghUŸ
Vassanai Porul
(Scent)
thrid âuÉa«, eWkz« (Rfªj«)
brh®¡f«
Sorkkam
(Heaven)
j§f«
Thangam (Gold)
if
Kai (Hand)
bgh‹, brh®z«, jkÅa« (nrhdh,
fdf«)
fu«
ahid
Yaanai (Elephant)
ntH«, fÇ, Mid (f#«)
Christ the Redeemer at the top of Corcovado Mountain,
Brazil. In the background is Sugarloaf Mountain (centre) and
Guanabara Bay. One of 7 Wonders of the World
Page
Suriyan (Sun)
376
fâut‹, nrhH‹, (uÉ, gh°fu‹,
âdfu‹, ãughfu‹, âthfu‹,
Mâ¤ja‹)
åLngW, nkš cyf«, É©Qyf«
NÇa‹
Language: HINDI
2वलोम श?द
Page
377
Antonym Words
Word
Pronunciation
Antonym
Pronunciation
पुरातन
Puratan
(old,ancient)
नूतन
Nutan (new)
धनी
Dhani (rich)
'नध%न
Nirdhan (poor)
'न0दा
Nindaa
(condemnation)
ंसशा
Prasansha (praise)
मA
Mitra (friend)
शAु
Shatru (foe)
फूल
Phool (flower)
काँटा
Kaantaa (thorn)
मान
Maan
(dignity, respect)
अपमान
Apmaan (disrespect)
लोक
Lok (this world)
परलोक
Parlok (other world)
शÌfत
Shixit (educated)
अ शÌfत
Ashixit (uneducated)
शुq
Shuddh (pure)
अशुq
Ashuddh (impure,
contaminated)
उपकार
Upkaar (help)
अपकार
Apkaar (offense)
आदान
Aadaan (take)
दान
Praddan (give)
आकाश
Aakaash (sky)
पाताल
Paataal
(under ground)
आशा
Aasha (hope)
'नराशा
Niraasha (despair)
आय%
Arya (gentle)
अनाय%
Anarya (ruffian)
क 'त%
Kirti (fame)
अपक 'त%
Apkirti (defamation)
Language: TAMIL
vâ®¢brh‰fŸ
Antonym Words
Word
Pronunciation
Antonym
Pronunciation
gHik/
giHaJ
Pazhamai/
Pazhaiyathu
(Old, Ancient)
òJik/ òâaJ
Puthumai /Puthiyathu
(New)
ெசழிRபான
Celippana (Rich)
ViH
Ezhi (Poor)
ö‰Wjš
Thutrtruthal
(Condemnation)
ngh‰Wjš
Potrtruthal (Praise)
e©g‹
Nanpan (Friend)
vâÇ
Ethiri (Foe)
ky®
Malar (Flower)
KŸ
Mul (Thorn)
kÇahij/
khd«
Mariyaathai /
Maanam (Disnity,
Respect)
mtkÇahij /
mtkhd«
Avamariyaathai/
Avamaanam
(Disrespect)
R¤j«/
öŒik
cjÉ/
cgfhu«
vL
Mfha«/
thd«
e«ã¡if/
Mir
Suththam/
Thuymai (Pure)
Uthavai/Upakkaram
(Help)
nknyhf«
ghku®fŸ
mR¤j«/
mG¡F
cg¤âut«/
Énuhj«
bfhL
Melogam (Other
World)
Paamararkal
(Uneducated)
Asuththam/ Azhukku
(Impure, Contaminated)
Upaththiravam/
Virotham (Offense)
Edu (Take)
Aakaayam/
Vaanam (Sky)
ghjhs«/óÄ
Kodu (Give)
Paathalam/Bumi
(Underground, Earth)
Nambikkai/Aasai
(Hope)
mte«ã¡if
/Ãuhir
Avanambikkai/
Niraasai (Despair)
rhªj«
Saantham (Gentle)
_®¡f«
Murkkam (Ruffain)
òfœ¢á
Pugazhchchi
(Fame)
ïfœ¢á
Ikazhchchi
(Defamation)
378
go¤jt®fŸ
Bulogam
(This World)
Padiththavarkal
(Educated)
Page
ónyhf«
Antonym Words (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Pronunciation
Antonym
Pronunciation
ªय
Kray (buy)
Cवªय
Vikray (sale)
सुलभ
Sulabh (simple)
दल
%
ु भ
Durlabh (difficult)
हष%
Harsh (merry)
साfर
Saakshar (literate)
शोक
Page
379
'नरfर
Shok
(grief,sorrow)
Nirakshar
(illiterate)
आरोह
Aaroh (ascent)
अवरोह
Avaroh (descent)
सय
Satya (truth)
असत ्य
Asotto (lies)
योगी
Yogi (saint)
भोगी
Bhogi (enjoyer)
राजत0A
Rajtantra
(aristocracy)
जात0A
Prajatantra
(democracy)
जीवन
Jeevan (life)
मरण
Maran (death)
पंºडत
Pandit (learned)
मख
ू %
Murkh (idiot)
पराधीन
5वाधीनता
ता
Paradhinataa
(dependence)
Swaadhinata
(independence)
यश
Yash (fame)
अपयश
Apyash (ill-fame,
disgrace)
भा¥य
Bhaagya (luck)
दभ
ु ा%¥य
Durbhaagya (bad luck)
मानव
Maanav (human)
दानव
Daanav (demon)
Antonym Words (Tamil) Continued….
Word
Pronunciation
Antonym
Pronunciation
th§Fjš
Vaankuthal (Buy)
É‰wš
Vitrtral (Sale)
vËJ/
Ryg«
Elithu/Sulabam
(Simple)
fod«/J®yg«
Katinam/ Dhurlabam
(Difficult)
J¡f«
Thukkam
(Sarrow)
rªnjhõ«/k»
œ¢á
Santhosham/
Magizhchchi (Merry)
Padikkaathavan
(Illiterate)
Mele etru
(Ascent)
go¤jt‹
Padiththavan
(Literate)
Kizhe Itrangu
(Descent)
ÑnH ïw§F
c©ik
Unmai (Truth)
bghŒ
Poy (Lies)
JwÉ/nah
»
Thutravi/Yogi
(Saint)
ngh»
Bhogi (Enjoyer)
Koah£á
Foah£á
kuz«/ ïw¥ò
Kudiyaatchi
(Democracy)
Maranam/Itrappu
(Death)
go¤jt‹/
m¿thË
Mudiyaatchi
(Aristocracy)
Jananam/Pitrappu
(Life) (Birth)
Padiththavan/Atri
vaali (Learned)
K£lhŸ
Muttal (Idiot)
e‰bga®
Natrpeyar (Fame)
mt¥bga®
mâ®Zl«
Adirshtam (Luck)
Juâ®Zl«
Avappeyar (Illfame,
Disgrace)
Dhurathirshtam (Bad
Luck)
kÅj‹
Manithan
(Human)
ngŒ
#dd«/ã
w¥ò
Pey (Demon)
380
nkny VW
Page
go¡fhjt
‹
Antonym Words (Hindi) Continued….
Word
शुभ
साकार
Pronunciation
अशुभ
Ashubh (inauspicious,
bad)
'नराकार
Niraakaar (without any
shape)
Sajjan (gentle)
दज
%
ु न
Durjan (villain)
सुकम%
Su-karm (good
deeds)
कुकम%
Ku-karm (bad deeds)
यो¥य
Yogya (eligible)
अयो¥य
Ayogya (ineligible)
सुपुA
Su-putr (worthy
son)
कुपुA
Ku-putr (unworthy son)
सजीव
Sajeev (live)
'नज¶व
Nirjeev (dead)
ज.टल
Jatil (complex)
सरल
Saral (simple)
उपेfा
Upekshaa (ignore)
दरु ाचार
Duraachaar (immoral
behaviour)
सदाचार
381
Shubh
(auspicious,
good)
Saakaar (having
shape)
Antonym
सgजन
अपेfा
Page
Pronunciation
Apekshaa
(expect)
Sadaachaar
(moral
behaviour)
संयोग
Sanyog (union)
Cवयोग
Viyog (seperation)
5वाथ%
Swaarth
(selfishness)
परमाथ%
Paramaarth
(unselfishness)
]वंस
Dhwansh
(demolish)
'नमा%ण
Nirmaan (construct)
Antonym Words (Tamil) Continued….
Word
Pronunciation
Antonym
Pronunciation
k§fy«/
e‹ik
Mangalam/
Nanmai
Uravamulla
(Having shape)
mk§fy«/
Ôik
cUtk‰w/
m%gkhd
Amangalam/ Thimai
(Inauspicious, Bad)
Uruvamatrtra/
Arupamaana
ešyt‹
Nallvan (Sentle)
bf£lt‹
Kettavan (Villain)
e‰brašfŸ
Natrcheyalkal
(Good Deeds)
Ô¢brašfŸ
Thichcheyalkal (Bad
Deeds)
jFâ
Thakuthi
(Eligible)
jFâa‰w
Thakuthiyatrtra
(Ineligible)
ešykf‹/
e‹kf‹
Nallamagan/
Nanmagan
bf£lkf‹/
J‹kf‹
Kettamagan/
Dhunmagan
cÆUŸs
Uyirulla (Live)
cÆu‰w
Uyiratrtra (Dead)
á¡fyhd
Sikkalaana
(Complex)
vËikahd
Elimaiyaana (Simple)
vâ®gh®¤jš
Ethirpaarththal
(Expect)
òw¡fÂ¤jš
Putrakkaniththal
(Ignore)
x‰Wik
Raey«/
j‹dy«
ïo¤J¤jŸS
Natrkunam/
Nannadaththai
(Moral/ Behaviour)
Otrtrumai
(Union)
Suyanalam/
Thannalam
(Selfishness)
Idiththu thallu
(Demolish)
Ô¡Fz«/
Ô el¤ij
Thikkunam/
Thinataththai (Immoral
Behaviour)
nt‰Wik
Vetrtrumai
(Seperation)
bghJey«
Pothunalam
(Unselfishness)
f£L/
cUth¡F
Kattu/Uruvaakku
(Construct)
382
e‰Fz«/
e‹dl¤ij
Page
cUtKŸs
Page
383
Antonym Words (Hindi) Continued….
Word
Pronunciation
Antonym
Pronunciation
धनवान
Dhanwan (Rich)
'नध%न
Nirdhan (Poor)
कोमल
Komal (Soft)
कठोर
Kathor (Hard)
mयार
Pyar (Love)
नफरत
Nafrat (Hatred)
वरदान
Vardan
(Blessing)
अ भशाप
Abhhishap (Curse)
5वग%
Swarg ( Heaven)
नक%
Nark ( Hell)
Thailand Royal Palace
Thailand
Antonym Words (Tamil) Continued….
Word
Pronunciation
Antonym
Pronunciation
gz¡fhu‹
Panakkaran
(Rich)
ViH
Ezhai (Poor)
bk‹ik
Menmai (Soft)
fLik
Kadumai (Hard)
m‹ò
Anbu (Love)
btW¥ò
Vetruppu (Hatred)
Má/thœ¤J
Aasi/
Vaazhththu
(Blessing)
rhg«
Saapam (Curse)
brh®¡f«
Sorkkam
(Heaven)
euf«
Narakam (Hell)
Bangladesh - Feni Govt. Pilot High School Celebrated
125th year Jubilee in 2011. Feni Govt. College also
Page
384
seen here was established in 1922.
Language: HINDI
मह
ु ावरे
IDIOMS
Page
385
Idioms in Hindi are very interesting. It would be useful to learn some
of the idioms in Hindi as they are used quite often in daily life.
Let me show you Today some of the common idioms that we use in
our conversation. Romanized pronunciation is given in brackets.
1.
आँख@ चरु ाना (Aankhein Churana) – Not like to be seen
2.
आँख का तारा (Aankhon ka tara) – Beloved
3.
मँह
ु मीठा करना (Muh mitha karna) – To distribute sweets in joy
4.
चेहरा उतरना (Chehra utarna) – To be sad /disappointed
5.
6.
दाँत तले ऊँगल< दबाना (danto tale ungali dabana) – To be very
surprised
साँस लेना (Sans lena) – To feel free (Relaxed) after much work
7.
बात प2क होना (baat pakki hona) – To agree on something
8.
9.
बाल -बाल बचना (bal bal bachna) – To get away from a trouble
by a close margin
अकल का दEु मन (akal ka dushman) – To be dumb
10.
जान पर खेलना (jaan par khelna) – To be fearless
11.
पेट म@ चह
ू े कूदना (pet mein chuhe kudna) – To be very hungry
12.
आसमान पर चढ़ना (asmaan par chadna) – To be proud
13.
14.
आकाश पाताल का अंतर (aakash paataal ka aantar) – A very big
difference
हवा से बात@ करना (hawa se bate karna) – To run at high speed
15.
पथर क लक र (patthar ki lakir) – To be firm on saying
16.
पहाड़ टूट पड़ना (pahaad tut padna) – To get into a big trouble
Idioms (Hindi) Continued….
18.
ईद का चाँद होना (eid ka chand hona) – Only To be seen after
long time (usually a person)
चकमा दे ना (chakma dena) – To deceive
19.
उhट< गंगा बहना (ulti ganga behna) – To be unusual (happening)
20.
Ú2के छुड़ाना (chakke chudana) – To defeat
21.
22.
फँू क फँू क कर कदम रखना (phunk phunk kar kadam rakhna) – To
be very careful (in action)
दम म@ दम आना (dam mein dam aana) – To feel free from fear
23.
दाँत से दाँत बजाना (dant se dant bajana) – To feel very cold
24.
25.
मँह
ु म@ पानी आना (muh mein pani aana) – To be tempted by
food
नाक काटना (naak kaatna) – To blame or embarrass someone
26.
कमर टूटना (kamar tuutna) – To feel very tired
27.
कमर कसना (kamar kasna) – To prepare for something
28.
29.
कलेजा पथर का होना (kaleja patthar ka hona) – To be mentally
very strong
दाँत ख¬े करना (dant khatte karna) – To defeat someone
30.
Ãट से Ãट बजाना (eint se eint bajana) – To destroy someone
The Kremlin,
386
Moscow, Russia.
Page
17.
Language: TAMIL
kuò¤bjhl®fŸ
IDIOMS
Idioms in Hindi and Tamil are very interesting. It would be
useful to learn some of the idioms in Hindi and Tamil as they are used
quite often in daily life.
Let me show you Today some of the common idioms that we
use in our conversation. Romanized pronunciation is given in brackets.
1.
f«ã Ú£Ljš / f©Âš glhkš ïU¤jš (Kambi Nittuthal/Kannil
Padaamal Iruthal) – Not like to be seen.
2.
3.
bršy« / ãÇa« / j§f« (Chellam/piriyam/Thangam)-Beloved
thŒ¡F¢ r®¡fiu nghLjš (Vaaykku Sarkkarai Poduthal) – To
distribute sweets in joy.
4.
5.
6.
Kf« bjh§»¥ nghjš (Mugam thongi pothal) – To be sad / disappointed
_¡»š Éuš it¤jš (Mukkil Viral Vaiththal) – To be very Surprised.
bgU_¢br¿jš / ghu« FiwªjJ (Perumuchchetrithal / Baaram
Kutrainthathu) – To feel free (Relaxed) After much work.
7.
ngá Ko¤jš / if eid¤jš (Pesi Mudiththal / Kai Nanaiththal) – To
agree on something.
8.
kÆÇiHÆš j¥ã¤jš (Maiyirizhaiyil Thappiththal) – To set away from a
trouble by a close margin.
9. mo K£lhŸ (Adimuttaal) – To be dumb.
10. cÆiu¥ gza« it¤jš (Uyirai Panayam Vaiththal) – To be fearless.
11. gá tÆ‰iw¡ »ŸSjš (Pasi Vayitrtrai Killuthal) – To be very hungry.
12. jiyÆš it¤J¡ bfh©lhLjš (Thalaiyil Vaiththu Kondaaduthal) –
To be proud.
13. VÂ
it¤jhY« v£lhJ (Eni Vaiththalum Ettadhu) – A very big
Page
387
difference.
14. X£lK« eilíkhŒ /
MyhŒ¥ gw¤jš (Ottamum Nadaiyumay / Aalaayp
patraththal) – To run at high speed.
Idioms (Tamil) Continued….
15. nfhL jh©lhnj / brhšiy¤ j£lhnj (Kodu Thaandaathey / Sollaith
thattaathe) – To be firm on saying.
16. jiyÆš
ïo ÉGªjJ (Thalaiyil idi vizhunthathu) – To set into a big
trouble.
(Aadikkorumutrai
Amaavaasaikkorumutrai) – Only to be seen after long time (Usually a
person)
17. Mo¡bfhUKiw
mkhthir¡bfhUKiw
18. ehk« nghLjš / VŒ¤jš (Naamam Poduthal – Eyththal) – To deceive.
19. VWkhwhf / K‹D¡F¥ ã‹dhf (Etru maatraaka / Munnukku Pinnaaka)
– To be unusual (happening)
20. f©Âš
glhkš nghjš / f©Âš k© öîjš (Kannil Padamal
Pothal / Kannil Man Thuvuthal) – To defeat.
21. Mu mku nahá¤J / f©Q« fU¤Jkhf / monkš mo it¤J (Aara
amara yosiththu – Kannum karuththumaaka / Adimel adivaiththu) – To be
very careful (in action)
22. nghd cÆ® âU«ã tªjJ (Pona Uyir thirumbi vanthathu) – To feel free
from fear.
23. mo¡F
mo / cij¡F cij / gšY¡F gš (Adikku adi / Udhaikku
udhai – Palluku pal) – To feel very cold.
24. v¢áš CWjš / thŒ CWjš (Echchil Utruthal / Vaay utruthal) – To be
tempted by food.
25. t¤â it¤jš / ciy it¤jš / ngh£L¡ bfhL¤jš (Vaththi vaiththal
/ Ulai vaiththal / Pottuk koduththal) – To blame or embarrass someone.
26. ïuî gfyhf ciH¤jš / ïL¥bghoa ntiy brŒjš (Iravu pakalaaga
Uzhaiththal / Iduppodiya velai seithal) – To feel very tired.
27. ïL¥ò
xoa / r¡ifahf¥ ãÊtJ (Iduppu odiya / Sakkaiyaaga
pizhivathu) – To prepare for something.
28. kdij¡ fšyh¡»¡ bfhŸSjš
(Manathaikkallaakkik kolluthal) – To
be mentally very strong.
29. Ka‰áíilah® ïfœ¢áailah®.
Page
30. KŸis KŸshš vL¤jš (Mullai mullal eduthal) – To destroy someone.
388
(Muyatrchchiyudaiyaar Igazhchchiyadaiyaar) – To defeat someone.
ऋतु, @दन और महने
Season, Day & English Month
ऋतु
Hindi
Pronunciation
English
dी9मः
Grishma
Summer
वषा%ः
Varsha
Rainy (Monsoon)
शरद
Sharad
Autumn
हे म0त
Hemant
Dry
श शर
Shishir
Winter
वस0तः
Vasant
Spring
Page
389
@दन
Hindi
Pronunciation
English
रCववार
Ravivār
Sunday
सोमवार
Somavār
Monday
मंगलवार
Mangalavār
Tuesday
बध
ु वार
Budhavār
Wednesday
गुZवार
Guruvār
Thursday
शुªवार
Shukravār
Friday
श'नवार
Shanivār
Saturday
gUtÃiy (m) fhyÃiy, eh£fŸ,
M§»y khj§fŸ
Season, Day & English Month
gUtÃiy (m)) fhyÃiy (Seasons)
Tamil
Pronunciation
English
Kodaik kaalam
Summer
kiH¡fhy«
Mazhaik kaalam
Rainy (Monsoon)
ïiyíâ®fhy«
Ilaiyuthir Kaalam
Autumn
tw©l fhy«
Vatranda Kaalam
Dry
FË® fhy«
Kulir Kaalam
Winter
trªj fhy«
Vasantha Kaalam
Spring
nfhil¡fhy«
Pronunciation
English
PhÆW
Gnaayitru
Sunday
â§fŸ
Thingal
Monday
br›thŒ
Sevvaay
Tuesday
òj‹
Pudhan
Wednesday
ÉahH‹
Viyaazhan
Thrusday
btŸË
Velli
Friday
rÅ
Sani
Saturday
Page
Tamil
390
eh£fŸ (Days)
Seasons, Days, Months (Hindi) Continued….
अंेजी महने
Hindi
Pronunciation
English
जनवर<
Janvaree
January
फरवर<
Pharvaree
February
माच%
Maarch
March
अैल
Aprail
April
मई
Maee
May
जून
Joon
June
जुलाई
Julaaee
July
अग5त
Agast
August
सतiबर
Sitambar
September
अ2तूबर
Actubar
October
नवiबर
Navambar
November
.दसiबर
Disambar
December
Page
391
CN Towers,
Toronto, Canada.
Seasons, Days, Months (Tamil) Continued….
M§»y khj§fŸ (English Months)
Tamil
Pronunciation
English
#dtÇ
Janavary
January
ã¥utÇ
Pipravary
February
kh®¢
Maarch
March
V¥uš
Epral
April
nk
Me
May
#]‹
Jun
June
#]iy
Julai
July
Mf°£
Aagust
August
br¥l«g®
Septambar
September
m¡nlhg®
Aktobar
October
et«g®
Navambar
November
or«g®
Disambar
December
Page
392
Bahrain World Trade
Center, Bahrain
Language: HINDI
Aरत0 क1 पहचान (नाम)
Names of Family Relation
Hindi
English
Cपता (pita) or बाप (baap)
Father
माता (mata) or माँ (ma)
Mother
दादा (dada)
Paternal Grandfather
दाद< (dadi)
Paternal Grandmother
नाना (nana)
Maternal Grandfather
नानी (nanii)
Maternal Grandmother
भाई (bhaii)
Brother
भाभी (bhabhii)
Brother's wife
भैया (bhaiya) or दादा
(dada)
छोटा भाई (Chota bhaii)
Younger Brother
बहन (behan)
Sister
बहनोई (behanoii / jija)
Sister's husband
द<द< (diidii) or जीजी (jiijii)
Elder Sister
छोट< बहन (Chotii behan)
Younger Sister
393
बेटा (beta) or
Page
Elder Brother
पA
ु (putra)
Son
बेट< (betii) or पA
ु ी (putrii)
Daughter
दामाद (damad / jamaii)
Daughter's husband (son-in-law)
पोता (pota)
Grandson (son's son)
Language: TAMIL
FL«g cwî¥ bga®fŸ
Names of Family Relation
English
m¥gh (Appaa) or jªij
(Thanthai)
m«kh (Ammaa) or jhŒ (Thaay)
Mother
jh¤jh (Thaaththaa)
Paternal Grand Father
gh£o (Paatti)
Paternal Grand Mother
jh¤jh (Thaaththa) Maternal
Maternal Grand Father
gh£o (Paatti) Maternal
Maternal Grand Mother
rnfhju‹ (Sakotharan)
Brother
m©Â (Anni)
Brother’s wife
m©z‹ (Annan)
Elder Brother
j«ã (Thambi)
Younger Brother
rnfhjÇ (Sakothari)
Sister
m¤jh‹ (Aththaan)
Sister’s Husband
m¡fhŸ (Akkaal)
Elder Sister
j§if (Thangai)
Younger Sister
kf‹/ò¤âu‹
(Magan/Puththiran)
Son
kfŸ/ò¤âÇ (Magal/Puthiri)
Daughter
kUkf‹ (Marumagan)
Daughter’s Husband (Sun-in-law)
(ngu‹) bgau‹ (Peyaran)
Grandson (Son’s son)
394
Father
Page
Tamil
Family Relations (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
पोती (potii)
Grand daughter (son's daughter)
नाती (natii) or नवासा
(navasa)
ना'तन (natin) or नवासी
Grandson (daughter's son)
(navasii)
Granddaughter (daughter's
daughter)
प'त (pati)
Husband
पनी (patnii)
Wife
Aunts and Uncles
ताऊ (tauu) or ताया (tayaa)
ताई (tai)
चाचा
(chacha)
चाची (chachiji)
बुआ (buuaa) or फूफ
(phuuphii)
फूफा (phuuphaa)
मामा (mama) or मामू
(mamuu)
Page
395
मामी (mamii)
Father's older brother (uncle)
Father's older brother's wife
(aunty)
Father's younger brother (uncle)
Father's younger brother's wife
(aunty)
Father's sister (aunty)
Father's sister's husband
Mother's brother
Mother's brother's wife
Family Relations (Tamil) Continued….
Tamil
English
(ng¤â) bga®¤â (Peyarththi)
Grand Daughter
(Son’s Daughter)
bgau‹ (Peyaran)
Grand son (Daughter’s son)
bga®¤â (Peyarththi)
Grand daughter
(Daughter’s daughter)
fzt‹ (Kanavan)
Husband
kidÉ (Manaivi)
Wife
Father’s older brother (uncle)
bgÇa«kh (Periyamma)
Father’s older brother’s wife
(aunty)
á¤j¥gh (Chiththappaa)
Father’s younger brother (uncle)
á¤â (Chiththi)
Father’s younger brother’s wife
(aunty)
m¤ij (Aththai)
Father’s sister (aunty)
khkh (Maamaa)
Father’s sister’s husband (uncle)
jhŒkhk‹ (Thaayamaaman)
Mother’s brother
khÄ (Maami)
Mother’s brother’s wife
Page
bgÇa¥gh (Periyappaa)
396
Aunts and Uncles
Family Relations (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
मौसी (mausii)
Mother's sister
मौसा (mausa)
Mother's sister's husband
भतीजा (bhatiija)
Brother's son (nephew)
भतीजी (bhatiijii)
Brother's daughter (niece)
भतीजी (bhatiijii)
Husband's brother's daughter
(niece)
भतीजा (bhatiijaa)
Husband's brother's son (nephew)
भा0जा (bhanja)
Sister's son (nephew)
भा0जी (bhanji)
Sister's daughter (niece)
Page
397
Friends
मA (mitra) or दो5त (dost)
Friend
सहे ल< (sahelii)
Female friend of a female
पड़ोसी (padosii)
Neighbour
पड़ो सन (padosin)
Female neighbour
हमसफ़र (humsafar)
Travelling companion
यार (yaar)
Pal, buddy, friend
Family Relations (Tamil) Continued….
Tamil
English
á¤â (Chiththi)
Mother’s sister
á¤j¥gh (Chiththappaa)
Mother’s sister’s husband
kUkh‹ (Marumaan)
Brother’s son (nephew)
kUkhŸ (Marumaal)
Brother’s daughter (niece)
kUkh‹ (Marumaan)
Husband’s brother’s daughter
(niece)
kUkhŸ (Marumaal)
Husband’s brother’s son (nephew)
kf‹ (Magan)
Sister’s son (nephew)
kfŸ (Magal)
Sister’s daugthter (Niece)
Friend
njhÊ (Thozhi)
Female friend of a female
maš å£L¡fhu® (Ayal
Vittukkaarar)
Neighbour
maš å£L¡fhÇ (Ayal
Vittukkaari)
Female neighbor
rf gaÂ (Saga payani)
Travelling Companion
e©g‹ (Nanban)
Pal, Buddy, Friend
Page
njhH‹ (Thozhan)
398
Friends
Family Relations (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
English
Teachers & Students
गु[ (guru) or अ]यापक
(adhyapak)
अ]याCपका (adhyapika)
Teacher
Teacher
(A female teacher)
हे डमा5टर (hedmastar) or
धानाचाय%
Headmaster
(pradhanacharya)
छाA (Chaatr) or Cवoयाथ¶
(vidyaarthii)
5नातक (snaatak)
Student
Graduate
Page
399
Subramanya Bharathi, Great poet, journalist,
Indian independence activist and social
reformerin Tamil Nadu (1882 –1921)
Family Relations (Tamil) Continued….
Tamil
English
Teachers & Students
MáÇa® (Aasiriyar)
Teacher
MáÇia (Aasiriyai)
A female teacher
jiyik MáÇa® (Thalamai
Aasiriyar)
Headmaster
khzt® (Maanavar)
Student
g£ljhÇ (Pattathaari)
Graduate
Albert Einstein,
The Father of
Modern Physics.
Page
400
(1879 -1955)
Language: HINDI
मानव शरर के अंग
Parts of the Human Body
Hindi
Pronunciation
English
चेहरा
Chehra
Face
आँख
Aankh
Eye
कान
Kaan
Ear
नाक
Naak
Nose
हठ
Hont
Lips
पैर
Paer
Leg
हाथ
Haath
Hand
उं गल<
Ungli
Finger
मँह
ु
Muh
Mouth
दाँत
Daant
Teeth
Page
401
रं ग (Colours)
लाल
Laal
Red
नारं गी
Naarangi
Orange
पीला
Peela
Yellow
हरा
Haraa
Green
आसमानी
Aasmaani
Sky blue
नीला
Neela
Indigo/blue
ब+गनी
Baingani
Violet/purple
सफेद
Safaid
White
काला
Kaala
Black
सलेट<
Salaitee
Gray
गल
ु ाबी
Gulabi
Pink
भरू ा
Bhoora
Brown
Language: TAMIL
kÅj clš cW¥ò¡fŸ
Parts of the Human Body
Tamil
Pronunciation
English
Kf«
Mugam
Kan
Kaathu
Mukku
Uthadugal
Kaal
Kai
Viral
Vaay
Pal
Face
Eye
Ear
Nose
Lips
Leg
Hand
Finger
Mouth
Teeth
f©
fhJ
_¡F
cjLfŸ
fhš
if
Éuš
thŒ
gš
Sivappu
Sivantha Manjal
Manchal
Pachchai
Aagaaya Nilam
Red
Orange
Yellow
Green
Sky blue
Úy«
Nilam
Indigo/blue
Cjh Ãw«
Uthaanitram
Violet/Purple
bt©ik/btŸis
Venmai/Vellai
White
fU¥ò
rh«gš Ãw«
ïsŠát¥ò
gG¥ò Ãw«
Karuppu
Saambal nitram
Ilanchivappu
Black
Gray
Pink
Brown
Pazhuppu nitram
Page
át¥ò
átªj kŠrŸ
kŠrŸ
g¢ir
Mfha Úy«
402
t©z§fŸ (Colours)
Language: HINDI
आकृ तयाँ
(Shapes)
Hindi
Pronunciation
English
>Aकोण
Trikon
Triangle
वग%
Varg
Square
आयत
Aa-yat
Rectangle
वृ त
Vratt
Circle
अंडाकार
Andaakar
Oval
पँचकोण
Panchkon
Pentagon
षटकोण
Shatkon
Hexagon
Petronas Towers,
Page
403
Malaysia.
Language: TAMIL
tot§fŸ
(Shapes)
Tamil
Pronunciation
English
K¡nfhz«
Mukkonam
Triangle
rJu«
Sathuram
Square
br›tf«
Sevvakam
Rectangle
t£l«
Vattam
Circle
ÚŸt£l«
Nilvattam
Oval
I§fu«
Ainkaram
Pentagon
mWnfhz«
Atrukonam
Hexagon
Statue of Liberty,
The United States
Page
404
of Americas
Language: HINDI
सामा/य श?द
(Common Words Collection)
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
म+
Mein
I
वह/उसने
Veh / Usne
He
वह
Veh
She
तुम/आप (respect)
Tum / Aap (respect)
You
यह
Yeh
It
एक
Ek
A, one
Aao / Aaiye (respect)
Come
Aaya (he) / Aayee (she) /
Aaye (plural)
Came
Aayega (he) / Aayegi (she) /
Aayenge (plural)
Will come
(respect)/ खोलना
Kholo / Kholiye (respect) /
Kholna
Open
खोला
Khola
Opened
Kholega (he) / Kholegi (she) /
Kholenge (plural)
Will open
Baitho / Baithiye (respect) /
Baithna (to sit)
Sit
आओ/ आइये
(respect)
आया (he) / आयी
(she) / आये (plural)
आएगा (he)/
आयेगी(she) /
आय@गे (plural)
खोलो / खो लए
खोलेगा (he) /
खोलेगी (she) /
खोल@गे (plural)
Page
405
बैठो / बै.ठये
(respect) / बैठना
(to sit)
Language: TAMIL
bghJ¢ brh‰fŸ
Tamil Pronunciation
English
eh‹
Naan
I
mt‹
Avan
He
mtŸ
Aval
She
Ú/ Ú§fŸ
Ni/Ninkal
You
mJ/ïJ
Athu/Ithu
It
xU/x‹W
Oru / Ontru
A, One
th
Vaa
Come
tªjh‹/tªjhŸ/tª
jh®fŸ
Vanthaan (he)/Vanthaal
(she)/Vanthaarkal (plural)
Came
tUth‹/tUthŸ/t
Uth®fŸ
Varuvaan (he)/Varuvaal
(she)/Varuvaarkal (Plural)
Will come
âw/âwî§fŸ
Thitra/(respect) Thitravungal
Open
âwªjJ
Thitranthathu
Opened
âw¥gh‹/âw¥ghŸ/
âw¥gh®fŸ
Thitrappaan (he)/Thitrappaal
(she)/ Thitrappaarkal (plural)
Will open
c£fh®/c£fhU§fŸ
/c£fhu/
c£fh®tj‰F
Utkaar/Utkaarunkal
(respect)/Utkaara/
Utkaarvathatrku (to sit)
Sit
Page
Tamil
406
(Common Words Collection)
Common Words Collection (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
Khao / Khaiye (respect) /
Khana (to eat)
Eat
Piyo / Peejiye (respect)
/ Peena (to drink)
Drink
Jeetna(to win)
Win
Jaao / Jaaiye (respect)
/ Jaana (to go)
Go
दौड़ना
Daudna
Run
आ
Aa
Come
गा
Gaa
Sing
छा
Chha
Spread
जा
Jaa
Go
जँ ू
Juun
Louse
ज¨
Jaun
Barley
तू
Tuu
You
थी
Thi
Was (Feminine)
दो
Do
Give, Two
न , ना
N,Na
No, Not
पा
Paa
Get
खाओ / खाइये
(respect) / खाना
(to eat)
Cपयो / पीिजये
(respect)/ पीना (to
drink)
जीतना (to win)
जाओ / जाइए
Page
407
(respect) / जाना
(to go)
Common Words Collection (Tamil) Continued….
Tamil
Tamil Pronunciation
English
Saappidu/Sappidungal
rh¥ãL/rh¥ãL§fŸ/
rh¥ãLtj‰F
(respect)/Saappiduvathatrku
Eat
(to eat)
gUF/gUF§fŸ/gU
Parugu/Parugungal (respect)
Ftj‰F
Paruguvathatrku (to drink)
bt‰¿¡F
Vetrtrikku (to win)
brš/bršY§fŸ/br
Sel/Sellungal(respect)/
štj‰F
Selvathatrku (to go)
XL
Odu
Run
th
Vaa
Come
ghL
Paadu
Sing
guî
Paravu
Spread
ngh, brš
Po, Sel
Go
ng‹
Paen
Louse
g‰wh¡Fiw
Patrtraakkutrai
Barely
Ú
Ni
You
ïUªjhŸ
Irunthaal
Was (Feminine)
bfhL, ïu©L
Kodu, Irandu
Give, Two
KoahJ, ïšiy
Mudiyaathu, Illai
No, Not
Petrtrukkol (petru)
Get
bg‰W¡ bfhŸ
Drink
Win
Go
Page
408
(bgW)
Page
409
Common Words Collection (Hindi) Continued…
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
बू
Bu
Smell
भी
Bhii
Also
ये
Yeh
These
ला
Laa
Bring
वे
Ve
Those
से
Se
By, Than
सौ
Sau
Hundred
है
Hai
Is
अब
Ab
Now
आग
Aag
Fire
ईख
Eekh
Sugar - Cane
ऊन
Uun
Wool
खा
Khaa
Eat
घी
Ghee
Clarified butter
छू
Chhuu
Touch
जो
Jo
One who
था
Thaa
Was (Masculine)
दे
De
Give
धो
Dho
Wash
नौ
Nau
Nine
पी
Pii
Drink
बो
Bo
Sow
Common Words Collection (Tamil) Continued….
Tamil
Tamil Pronunciation
English
thrid
Vaasanai
Smell
nkY«, Tl
Melum, Kuda
Also
ïit
Ivai
These
bfhL
mit
Kodu
Avai
Bring
Those
Mš, Él, cl‹
Aal, Vida, Udan
By, Than, With
üW
Nutru
Hundred
ïU¡»wh‹ (Ÿ)
Irukkitraan(l)
Is
ï¥bghGJ
Ippozhuthu
Now
beU¥ò
Neruppu
Fire
fU«ò
Karumbu
Sugar-cane
f«gË, nuhk«
Kambali, Romam
Wool
c©, rh¥ãl
Un, Saapidu
beŒ
Ney
Eat
Ghee, Clarified
Thodu
Touch
mJ, mªj
Athu, Antha
One who
ïUªjh‹
bfhL
Irunthaan
Kodu
Was (masculine)
Give
fGî, my«ò
x‹gJ
Kazhuvu, Alambu
Onpathu
Wash
Nine
Fo, gUF
Kudi, Paruku
Drink
(bg©) g‹¿
(Pen) Pantri (Female Pig)
Sow
Page
bjhL
410
butter
Page
411
Common Words Collection (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
या
Yaa
Or
रो
Ro
Cry
ले
Le
Take
सी
See
Sew
सो
So
Sleep
ह<
Hi
Only
हो
Ho
Are
आज
Aaj
Today
आम
Aam
Mango
ऋण
Rin
Loan
एक
Ek
One
और
Aur
And
खत
Khat
Letter
चल
Chal
Walk
जल
Jal
Water, Burn
ठग
Thag
Cheat
ढं ग
Dhang
Method
थोड़ा
Thodaa
Little
नह<ं
Nahin
Not
फ@क
Fenk
Throw
भुन
Bhun
Roast
यश
Yash
Fame
लड़
Lad
Quarrel
Common Words Collection (Tamil) Continued….
Tamil
Tamil Pronunciation
English
mšyJ
mG
Allathu
Azhu
Or
Cry
vL
to/fhÈ brŒ
cw§F
Edu
Vadi/Kaali Sey
Urangu
Take
Sew
Sleep
xnu xU
‘Be' v‹gj‹
Ãfœfhy¥ g‹ik
ï‹W
Ore Oru
‘Be’ enpathan nighazhkaalap
Only
panmai
Intru
Today
kh§fhŒ
Maangaay
Mango
fl‹/ïutš
Kadan/Iraval
Loan
xU/x‹W
nkY«/c«
Oru/Ontru
Melum/Um
One
And
foj«
Kadutham
Letter
el
Nada
Walk
j©Ù®
Thanneer
Water
Vkh‰W
Emaatrtru
Cheat
tif/Kiw/tÊ
Vagai/Mutrai/Vazni
Method
á¿a
Siriya
Little
mšy/ïšiy
Alla/Illai
Not
v¿/åR
Eri/Visu
Throw
RL/tW
Sudu/Vatru
Roast
òfœ/Ñ®¤â
Pugazh/Kirththi
Fame
r©il/órš
Sandai/Pusal
Quarrel
Page
412
Are
Page
413
Common Words Collection (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
सह
Seh
Put up with
अगर
Agar
If
इधर
Edhar
Here
उधर
Udhar
There
ऐलान
Elaan
Announcement
ओहदा
Ohda
Rank, Post
क़लम
kalam
Pen
गरम
Garam
Hot
चंचल
Chanchal
Unsteady
जवाब
Jvab
Reply
टोकर<
Tokri
Basket
डाकया
Dakiya
Postman
तकया
Takiya
Pillow
दहे ज
Dhej
Dowry
ऐब
Aib
कल
Kal
घर
Ghar
Defect
Yesterday,
Tomorrow
House
छत
Chat
Roof
झट
Jhat
At once
डर
Dar
Afraid
तौल
Taul
Weigh
दम
Dam
Breath
Tamil Pronunciation
English
mâÈUªJ
Athilirunthu
Put up with
m¥goahdhš
Appadiyaanaal
If
ï§nf
Inke
Here
m§nf
Anke
There
m¿É¥ò
Arivippu
Announcement
mªj°J, gjÉ
Anthasthu/Pathavi
Rank, Post
vGJnfhš, ngdh
Ezhuthukol/Penaa
Pen
NL/bt¥g«
Sudu/Veppam
Hot
cWâa‰w
Utruthiyatrtra
Unsteady
gâš
Badhil
Reply/ Answer
Til
Koodai
Basket
mŠršfhu®
Anchalkaarar
Postman
jiyaiz
Thalaiyanai
Pillow
tuj£riz
Varathatchanai
Dowry
ைற
Kurai
Defect
ne‰W/ehis
Netrtru/Naalai
Yesterday/
Tomorrow
åL
Tiu
Veedu
House
Koorai
Roof
clnd
Udane
At once
ga«
Payam
Afraid
msî
Alavu
Weigh
_¢R
Muchchu
Breath
Page
Tamil
414
Common Words Collection (Tamil) Continued….
Page
415
Common Words Collection (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
पढ़
Padh
Read
बल
Bal
Strength
मर
Mar
Die
रथ
Rath
Chariot
वह
Veh
He, She, It, That
हँ स
Hans
Laugh
आ»ख़र
Akhir
At last
Ãधन
Eendhan
Fuel
ऊखल
Ukhal
Mortar
ऐनक
Ainak
Spectacles
औषध
Aushadh
Medicine
खराब
Kharab
Bad
घटना
Ghatna
Incident
छतर<
Chatri
Umbrella
झगड़ा
Jhagda
Quarrel
ठहर
Thher
Stay
ढूँढना
Dhundhna
Search
थपक
Thapki
Pat
धमक
Dhamki
Threat
CवनÅ
Vinamr
Polite
भावना
Bhavna
Feeling
याचना
Yachna
Entreaty
लड़का
Ladka
Boy
Tamil Pronunciation
English
go
Padi
Read
gy«/r¡â
Balam/Sakthi
Strength
ïw¥ò
Irappu
Die
my§fhut©o/uj«
Alankaaravandi/Radham
Chariot
mt‹/mtŸ/mJ
Avan/Aval/Athu
He/She/It/That
gÇfá/áÇ
Parikasi/Siri
Laugh
KoÉš/filáÆš
Mudivil/Kadaisiyil
At Last
fÇ/ÉwF/vÇbghUŸ
Kari/Vitraku/Eriporul
Fuel
cuš
Ural
Mortar
_¡F¡ f©zho
Mukku kannaadi
Spectacles
kUªJ
Marunthu
Medicine
bf£l/ïÊthd
Ketta/Izhivaana
Bad
Ãfœ¢á/r«gt«
Nikazhchchi/Sampavam
Incident
Fil
Kudai
Umbrella
r©il/órš
Sandai/Pusal
Quarrel
Ãš/ÃW¤J/j§F
Nil/Nitruththu/Thanku
Stay
njL
Thedu
Search
j£o¡bfhL
Thattikodu
Pat
mgha«/ga«
Abaayam/Bayam
Threat
e‰g©òfSila
Natrpanpukaludaiya
Polite
cz®î/bjhLjš
Unarvu/Thoduthal
Feeling
ãuh®¤jid
Praarththanai
Entreaty
iga‹
Paiyan
Boy
Page
Tamil
416
Common Words Collection (Tamil) Continued….
Page
417
Common Words Collection (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
शरम
Sharam
Shame
हलद<
Haldi
Turmeric
आध'ु नक
Adhunik
Modern
उपचार
Upchar
Cure
कसरत
Kasrat
Exercise
गड़बड़
Gadbad
Confusion
चारपाई
Charpai
Cot
जानवर
Janvar
Animal
टकटक
Taktaki
Stare
डगमग
Dagmag
Faltering
थानेदार
Thanedar
Police Inspector
नटखट
Natkhat
Mischievous
फुलवार<
Fulvari
Flower garden
भेदभाव
Bhedbhav
Discrimination
यातायात
Yatayat
Transport
Cवपर<त
Viprit
Opposite
सराहना
Sarahna
आदरणीय
Aadrniy
ईमानदार
Imandar
To praise
Respectable,
Revered
Honest
एकवचन
Ekvachan
Singular
औपचारक
Aaupcharik
Formal
ख़ब
ू सूरत
Khubsurat
Beautiful
Common Words Collection (Tamil) Continued….
Tamil
Tamil Pronunciation
English
bt£f«/mtkhd«
Vetkam/Avamaanam
Shame
kŠrŸ
Manchal
Turmeric
eåd/òJik
Navina/Puthumai
Modern
á»¢ir
Sikichchai
Cure
cl‰gÆ‰á
Utatrpayitrchi
Exercise
FH¥g«
Kuzhappam
Confusion
f£oš
Kattil
Cot
Éy§F
Vilanku
Animal
c‰W¥gh®/gaKW¤J
Uttruppar/Payamurutthu
Stare
jŸshL/â¡»¥ngR
Thallaadu/Thikkippesu
Faltering
fhtš MŒths®
Kaaval Aayvaalar
Police Inspector
FW«ò
Kurumbu
Mischievous
ky®¤njh£l«
Malarththottam
Flower Garden
ntWghL fhzš
Vetrupaadu kaanal
Discrimination
V‰¿¢ brš
Etrtrich chel
Transport
vâuhd/ntwhd
Ethiraana/Veraana
Opposite
ngh‰Wjš/òfœjš
Potrtruthal/pukazhthal
To praise
bfsutkhd
Kouravamaana
ne®ik
Nermai
Honest
tH¡fkhd
Vazhakkamaana
Formal
mHfhd
Azhakaana
Beautiful
Respectable,
Page
418
Revered
Page
419
Common Words Collection (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
पतन
Patan
Downfall
बछड़ा
Bachada
Calf
म5ती
Masti
Jollity
[पया
Rupya
Money, Rupee
वरना
Varna
Otherwise
सरद<
Sardi
Cold
अ2सर
Aksar
Often
इकतीस
Iktis
Thirty-one
एकदम
Ekdam
Suddenly
खटमल
Khatmal
Bug
घुड़दौड़
Ghud-daud
Horse-race
'छपकल<
Chipkali
Lizard
झटपट
Jhatpat
At once
ठसाठस
Thasathas
Packed
तकद<र
Takdir
Luck, Fate
दमकल
Damkal
Fire engine
पतझड़
Patjhad
Autumn
बरतन
Bartan
Vessel
मज़दरू
Mazdur
Labourer
रोज़गार
Rozgaar
Employment
शा मयाना
Shamiyana
Canopy
होनहार
Honahaar
Promising
Tamil Pronunciation
English
åœ¢á/mÊî
Vizhchchi/Azhivu
Downfall
f‹W¡F£o
Kantrukkutti
Calf
cšyhrkhd
Ullasamaana
Jollity
gz«/%ghŒ
Panam/Rupaay
Money, Rupee
k‰wgo
Matrtrapadi
Otherwise
#ynjhõ«/FË®¢á
Jalathosham/Kulirchchi
Cold
mo¡fo
Adikkadi
Muppaththu Muntru
Offer
Thirty Three
Ethirpaaraamal/Thidirentru
Suddenly
Muttaippuchchi
Bug
Kuthiraip panthyam
Horse-race
ï¥bghGnj/clnd
Palli
Ippozhuthe/udane
Lizard
At once
_£il f£L
Muttai kattu
Packed
(J®) mâ®Zl«/Éâ
Ôaiz¥ò vªâu«
(Thur) Adhirshtam/Vithi
Thiyanaippu Enthiram
Luck, Fate
Fire Engine
ïiyíâ® fhy«
Ilaiyuthir kaalam
Autum
gh¤âu«
ntiyahŸ/bjhÊyh
Ë
mYtš/ntiy
njo¤ jU« ÃWtd«
Paaththiram
Vessel
Velaiyaal/Thozhilaali
Labourer
Aluval/Velai thedith tharum
nitruvanam
Employment
Éjhd«/JÂahyh
d gªjš
Vithaanam/Thuniyaalaana
pandhal
Canopy
e«ã¡ifô£L»w
Nambikkaiyuttukitra
Promising
K¥g¤J _‹W
vâ®ghuhkš/âObu
‹W
_£il¥ó¢á
Fâiu¥gªja«
gšÈ
Page
Tamil
420
Common Words Collection (Tamil) Continued….
Page
421
Common Words Collection (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
इतमीनान
Itminan
Satisfaction
उदासीनता
Udasinta
Indifference
ऐ'तहा सक
Aitihasik
Historical
कठपुतल<
Kathputli
Puppet
गुसलखाना
Gusalkhana
Bathroom
चमकदार
Chamakdar
Bright
झालरदार
Jhalardar
Frilled
तहक कात
Tahakikaat
Enquiry
द[
ु पयोग
Durupyog
Misuse
'नयमावल<
Niyamavli
Prospectus
मेहरबानी
Meharbani
kindness
रासाया'नक
Rasayaanik
Chemical
Cवचाराधीन
Vicharadhin
Under consideration
अजायबघर
Ajayabghar
Museum
उपकुलप'त
Upkulpati
Vice-Chancellor
ज़मानतदार
Zamanatadar
Bailor
जगमगाहट
Jagmagahat
Glitter
.टम.टमाना
Timtimana
Flicker
थरथराना
Tharthrana
Tremble
धारावा.हक
Dharavahik
Serial
पहलवान
Pehlvan
Wrestler
यव
ु ाव5था
Yuvavastha
Youth
Tamil Pronunciation
English
âU¥â
my£áa«/máu¤ij
Thirupthi
Satisfaction
Alatchiyam/Asiraththai
Indifference
rÇ¤âu¥ òfœ bg‰w
Sariththirap pukazh petrtra
Historical
bgh«ik
Bommai
Puppet
FËayiw
Kuliyalatrai
Bathroom
ãufhrkhd
Pirakaasamaana
Bright
RU§»a
Surunkiya
Frilled
Érhuiz
Visaaranai
Enquiry
JZãunahf«
Dhushprayokam
Misuse
ãufld«
Pirakatanam
Prospectus
jiaíŸs
ntâ¥bghUŸ/urha
d«
Thayaiyulla
Kindness
Vethipporul/Rasaayanam
Chemical
ïu¡f¤â‹ Ñœ
Irakkaththin kizh
Under consideration
mU§fh£áaf«
Arunkaatchiyakam
Museum
Jizntªj®
Thunai Vendhar
Vice-Chancellor
#hÛ‹
Bailor
(bfhL¥gt®/bgWgt®)
Jaamin (Koduppavar/
Petrupavar
Ä‹Djš
Minnuthal
Glitter
mâ®ªJ vÇjš
Athirnthu Erithal
Flicker
eL§F/ga¥gL
Nadunku/Payappadu
Tremble
bjhl®fij
Thodarkathai
Serial
F¤J¢r©il åu®
Kuththuchchandai Virar
Wrestler
ïsik¥gUt«
Ilamaipparuvam
Youth
Page
Tamil
422
Common Words Collection (Tamil) Continued….
Page
423
Common Words Collection (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
लकड़हारा
Lakadahara
Woodcutter
सूरजमुखी
Surajmukhi
Sunflower
इ'तहासकार
Itihaasakaar
Historian
गरमागरम
Garmagarm
Very hot
नमकहराम
Namakharam
Ungreatful
और
Aur
And
या
Ya
Or
कभी नह<ं
Kabhi nahin
Never
हमेशा
Hamesha
Always
कुछ
Kuch
Something
कुछ नह<ं
Kuch nahin
Nothing
तब
Tab
Then
अब
Ab
Now
शायद
Shayd
Maybe
इसके साथ
Iske sath
With
इसके >बना
Iske bina
Without
पर
Par
But
2यक
Kyunki
Because
कुमार<
Kumaree
Miss
Bीमान
Shrimaan
Mr
Bीमती
Shrimati
Mrs
Oचºड़या
Chidiya
Bird
पु5तक
Pustak
Book
Tamil Pronunciation
English
ku« bt£Lgt®
NÇafhªâ ó
Maram Vettupavar
Suriyakanthi pu
Wood cutter
Sunflower
rÇ¤âu MáÇa®
mâf bt¥g«
Sariththira Aasiriyar
Athika Veppam
Historian
Very hot
e‹¿a‰w
nkY«, c«
Nantriyatrtra
Melum, um
Ungreatful
And
mšyJ
xUnghJ«
Allathu
Or
Orupothum
Never
v¥nghJ«
Eppothum
Always
VnjD«
x‹W/bfhŠr«
Ethenum ontru/Koncham
Something
x‹WÄšiy
ãwF
ï¥bghGJ
xUntis
cl‹
Ontrumillai
Pitraku
Ippozhuthu
Oruvelai
Udan
Nothing
Then
Now
Maybe
With
btËÆš/ïšyhkš
Veliyil/Illamal
Without
Mdhš
Aanaal
But
VbdÅš
Enenil
Because
bršÉ/FkhÇ
Selvi/Kumaari
Miss
âU/bršt‹/Fku‹
Thiru/Selvan/Kumaran
Mr
âUkâ
Thirumathi
Mrs
gwit
Paravai
Bird
ò¤jf«/üš
Puthukam/Nul
Book
Page
Tamil
424
Common Words Collection (Tamil) Continued….
Page
425
Common Words Collection (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
>बhल<
Billee
Cat
कुस¶
Kursee
Chair
बnचा
Bachha
Child
शहर
Shehar
City
घड़ी
Ghadee
Clock
दे श
Desh
Country
.दन
Din
Day
शRदकोष
Shabdkosh
Dictionary
कुता
Kutta
Dog
डाँलर
Daular
Dollar
मA
Mitr
Friend
घर
Ghar
House
जीवन
Jeevan
Life
चाँद
Chand
Moon
सं«या
Sankhya
Number
सम5या
Samasya
Problem
चाबी
Chabi
Key
1यि2त
Vyakti
Person
OचA
Chitr
Picture
नद<
Nadi
River
पानी जहाज
Pani jahaj
Ship
तारा
Tara
Star
मेज
Mej
Table
Tamil Pronunciation
English
óid
Punai
Cat
eh‰fhÈ
Naatrkaali
Chair
FHªij
Kuzhanthai
Child
efu«
Nakaram
City
fofhu«
ehL
Katikaaram
Naadu
Clock
Country
ehŸ
Naal
Day
mfuhâ
Akaraathi
Dictionary
ehŒ
Naay
Dog
mbkÇ¡f ehza«
America Naanayam
Dollar
e©g‹/njhÊ
Nanban/Thozhi
Friend
åL
Vidu
House
thœ¡if
Vaazhkkai
Life
Ãyî/rªâu‹
Nilavu/Chandiran
Moon
v©
ãu¢áid
âwînfhš/rhÉ
En
Pirachchinai
Thitravukol/Saavi
Number
Problem
Key
xU eg®/xU MŸ
Oru nabar/Oru Aal
Person
gl«/XÉa«
MW
Padam/Oviyam
Aatru
Picture
River
f¥gš
É©Û‹/e£r¤âu«
nki#
Kappal
Vinmin/Natchaththiram
Ship
Star
Mejai
Table
Page
Tamil
426
Common Words Collection (Tamil) Continued….
Page
427
Common Words Collection (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
समय
Samay
Time
चीज
Cheej
Thing
पेड़
Ped
Tree
तलघर
Talghar
Basement
5नानघर
Snanghar
Bathroom
सोने का कमरा
Sone ka kamra
Bedroom
दरवाजा
Darwaja
Door
रसोई घर
Rasoighar
Kitchen
बैठक
Baithak
Living room
कमरा
Kamra
Room
सीढ़<
Seedee
Stair
»खड़क
Khidkee
Window
कौन?
Kaun
Who?
कहाँ?
Kahan
Where?
2या?
Kya
What?
कय?
Kyun
Why?
कब?
Kab
When?
कैसे?
Kaise
How?
बड़ा
Bada
Large
छोटा
Chota
Small
अOधक
Adhik
More
कम
Kam
Less
म2खन
Makhan
Butter
Tamil Pronunciation
English
neu«
bghUŸ
Neram
Porul
Time
Thing
ku«
Maram
Tree
mo¤js«/m°âthu
«
FËayiw
Adithalam/Asthivaaram
Basement
Kuliyalatrai
Bathroom
gL¡ifaiw
fjî
Padukkaiyatrai
Kathavu
Bedroom
Door
rikayiw
Samaiyalatrai
Kitchen
mk®î miw
Amarvu atrai
Living room
miw
Atrai
Room
go
Padi
Stari
rhsu«/#‹dš
Saalaram/Jannal
Window
ah®?
v§nf?
v‹d?
V‹?
v¥bghGJ?
Yaar?
Enke?
Enna?
En?
Who?
Where?
What?
Why?
Eppozhuthu?
When?
v¥go?
Eppadi?
How?
bgÇaJ
Periyathu
Large
á¿aJ
Sitriyathu
Small
mâfkhf
Fiwthf
bt©bzŒ
Athikamaaka
Kutraivaaka
More
Less
Venney
Butter
Page
Tamil
428
Common Words Collection (Tamil) Continued….
Page
429
Common Words Collection (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
अंडा
Anda
Egg
आँमलेट
aumlet
Omelette
चावल
Chaval
Rice
सलाद
Salad
Salad
स+डCवच
Saindvich
Sandwich
शाकाहार<
Shakahari
Vegetarian
सेब
Seb
Apple
केला
Kela
Banana
अंगूर
Angoor
Grape
नींबू
Neembu
Lemon
खरबूजा
Kharbuja
Melon
संतरा
Santra
Orange
आड़ू
अनानास
Aadu
Peach
Ananas
Pineapple
आलूबुखारा
Alubukhara
Plum
गाजर
Gajar
Carrot
खीरा
Kheera
Cucumber
लहसन
ु
Lehsun
Garlic
मशZम
Mshroom
Mushroom
मटर
Matar
Pea
mयाज
Pyaj
Onion
आलू
Alu
Potato
टमाटर
Tamatar
Tomato
Tamil Pronunciation
English
K£il
K£il fyªj
gyfhu«
mÇá
Muttai
Egg
Muttai Kalantha Palakaaram
Omelette
Arisi
Rice
g¢ro
Pachchadi
Salad
rh©£É¢
fhŒf¿ k£L«
c©gt®
M¥ãŸ
Saandvich
Sandwich
Kaaykatri mattum unpavar
Vegetarian
Aappil
Apple
thiH
Vaazhai
Banana
âuh£ir
Thiraatchai
Grape
vYÄ¢ir
Elumichchai
Lemon
Kyh«gH«
Mullampazham
Melon
MuŠR
Aaranchu
Orange
Õ¢
Pich
Peach
m‹dhá
Annaasi
Pineapple
¥s«
Plam
Plum
nfu£
Kerat
Carrot
btŸsÇ
Vellari
Cucumber
ó©L
Pundu
Garlic
fhsh‹
Kaalaan
Mushroom
g£lhÂ
Pattaani
Pea
bt§fha«
Venkaayam
Onion
cUis¡ »H§F
Urulaik kizhanku
Potato
j¡fhË
Thakkaali
Tomato
Page
Tamil
430
Common Words Collection (Tamil) Continued….
Language: HINDI
सामा/य वाWय
Common Sentences)
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
म+ जाता हूँ ।
Mein jaata hoon.
I go.
वह जाता है ।
Veh jaata hai.
He goes.
वह सेब खाता है ।
Veh seb khaata hai.
He eats an apple.
वह सेब खा रहा है ।
उसने सेब खाया।
म+ने Cपछले सmताह
431
He is eating an apple.
He ate an apple.
Meine pichhle
saphtah film dekhi.
I saw the film last
week.
वह कल बस से आयी।
Veh kal bus se
aayee.
वे मं.दर गए ।
Ve mandir gaye.
वह रात भर सोया ।
Veh raat bhar soya.
She came by bus
yesterday.
They went to the
temple.
He slept the whole
night.
उसने ए2साम अnछा
लखा।
Usne exam achcha
likha.
He wrote well in the
examination.
उसने खा लया।
Usne khaa liya.
He has eaten.
उसने खा लया था।
Usne khaa liya tha.
He had eaten.
वह चला गया था।
Veh chala gaya tha.
He had gone.
वह आया था।
Veh aaya tha.
He had come.
वह खायेगा।
Veh khaayega.
He will eat.
फhम दे खी ।
Page
Veh seb khaa raha
hai.
Usne seb khaya.
Language: TAMIL
bghJthd jÄœ th¡»a§fŸ
Common Sentences)
Tamil
Tamil Pronunciation
English
eh‹ brš»nw‹
Naan Selkitren
I Go
mt‹ brš»wh‹
mt‹ X® M¥ãŸ
rh¥ãL»wh‹
Avan Selkitraan
He Goes
Avan or Aappil
Saappidukitraan
He eats an apple
mt‹ br‹wh‹
mt‹ tªjh‹
mt‹ c©gh‹
He is eating an apple
He ate an apple
I saw the film last week
Netrtru Aval Perunthil
Vandhaal
She came by bus
yesterday
Avarkal Kovilukkuch
Chentraarkal
They went to the temple
Avan iravu
muzhuvathum
utrankinaan
Avan thervai
nantraaka ezhuthinaan
He slept the whole
night
He wrote well in the
examination
Avan Satrtrumun
Undaan
He has eaten
Avan Undaan
He had eates
Avan sentraan
Avan vanthaan
Avan unbaan
He had gone
He had come
He will eat
432
mt‹ nj®it e‹whf
vGâdh‹
mt‹ r‰WK‹
c©lh‹
mt‹ c©lh‹
Avan or Aappil
Saappittukkondu
irukitraan
Avan or Aappil
Undaan
Kadantha vaaram
naan oru thirappadam
Page
mt‹ X® M¥ãŸ
rh¥ã£L¡ bfh©L
ïU¡»wh‹
mt‹ X® M¥ãŸ
c©lh‹
flªj thu« eh‹ xU
âiu¥gl« gh®¤nj‹
ne‰W mtŸ ngUªâš
tªjhŸ
mt®fŸ nfhÉY¡F¢
br‹wh®fŸ
mt‹ ïuî KGtJ«
cw§»dh‹
Common Sentences (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
वह जाएगा।
Veh jaayega.
He will go.
वह आएगा।
Veh aayega.
He will come.
तुiहारा / आपका नाम
Tumhara /Aapka
naam kya hai?
What is your name?
(respect) 2या कया?
Tumne / Aapne
(respect) kya kiya?
What did you do?
म+ 2या कZँ?
Mein kya karoon?
What should I do?
म+ 2या कर सकता हूँ?
Mein kya kar sakta
hoon?
What can I do?
2या सवाल ह+?
Kya sawal hein?
2या सवाल थे?
Kya sawal the?
आ»खर< सवाल 2या है ?
Aakhiri sawal kya
hai?
What are the
questions?
What were the
questions?
What is the last
question?
ख़त म@ 2या लखा है?
Khat mein kya likha
hai?
What is written in the
letter?
तi
ु ह@ 2या कहा गया था?
Tumhein kya kaha
gaya tha?
What had you been
told?
जवाब 2या होगा?
Jawab kya hoga?
What will be the
answer?
तुम/आप 2य आये?
Tum / Aap kyon
aaye?
Why did you come?
2या है ?
Page
433
तुमने / आपने
Tamil Pronunciation
Avan Povaan
English
He will go
mt‹ tUth‹
Avan Varuvaan
He will come
c‹ bga® v‹d?
Un peyar enna?
What is your name?
Ú v‹d brŒjhŒ?
Ni enna seiythaay?
What did you do?
eh‹ v‹d brŒa
nt©L« (Koí«)?
Naan enna seyya
vendum
(Mudiyum)?
What should I do?
eh‹ v‹d brŒtJ?
Naan enna
seyvathu?
What can I do?
mªj nfŸÉfŸ
ahit?
Antha Kelvikal
Yaavai?
What are the
questions?
mªj nfŸÉfŸ
ahit?
Antha Kelvikal
Yaavai?
What were the
questions?
filá nfŸÉ vJ
(v‹d)?
Kadaisi kelvi ethu?
(Enna)?
What is the last
question?
foj¤âš v‹d vGâ
ïUªjJ?
Kadithathil enna
ezhuthi irunthathu?
What is written in the
letter?
cd¡F v‹d
brhšy¥g£lJ?
Unakku enna
sollappattathu?
What had you been
told?
Éil v‹dthf
ïU¡F«?
Vidai ennavaaka
irukkum?
What will be the
answer?
Ú vj‰fhf tªjhŒ?
Ni ethatrkaaka
vanthaay?
Why did you come?
Page
Tamil
mt‹ nghth‹
434
Common Sentences (Tamil) Continued….
Common Sentences (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
तुम/आप 2य सोये?
Tum / Aap kyon
soye?
Why did you sleep?
2य कहा?
Tumne use jaane ko
kyon kaha?
Why did you tell him
to go?
वह बैग 2य लाया?
Veh bag kyon laya?
Why did he bring the
bag?
उसने पैसा 2य
Usne paisa kyon
diya?
Why did he(she) pay
the money?
Ve wahan kyon
baithe the?
Why did they sit
there?
Tum / aap car kyon
chalate ho?
Why do you drive the
car?
दे र< से 2य आये?
Ve meeting ke liye
deri se kyon aaye?
Why did they come
late for the meeting?
तुम/आप कैसे आये?
Tum / aap kaise
aaye?
How did you come?
तुम कैसे सोये?
Tum kaise soye?
How did you sleep?
तुमने कार कैसे
चलायी?
Tumne car kaise
chalayee?
How did you drive the
car?
तुमने कैसे लखा?
Tumne kaise likha?
How did you write?
तुमने उसे जाने को
.दया?
वे वहाँ 2य बैठे थे?
तुम/आप कार 2य
चलाते हो?
Page
435
वे मी.टंग के लए
Tamil Pronunciation
English
Ú vj‰F cw§»dhŒ?
Ni ethatrku
utrankinaay?
Why did you sleep?
mtid Ú V‹ ngh¡
brh‹dhŒ?
Avanai ni en pokach
chonnaay?
Why did you tell him
to go?
mt‹ V‹ ig
bfh©L tªjh‹?
Avan en pai kondu
vanthaan?
Why did he bring the
bag?
mt‹ (mtŸ) V‹
gz« brY¤âdh‹
(Ÿ)?
Avan (Aval) en
panam
Seluththinaan(l)?
Why did he (she) pay
the money?
Ú V‹ k»GªJ
X£odhŒ?
Ni en makizhunthu
ottinaay?
Why do you drive the
car?
mt®fŸ V‹
T£l¤â‰F jhkjkhf
tªjd®?
Avarkal en
Kuttaththitrku
thaamathamaaka
Why did they come
late for the meeting?
Ú v›thW (v¥go)
tªjhŒ?
Ni Evvaatru (eppadi)
vanthaay?
How did you come?
Ú v›thW (v¥go)
cw§»dhŒ?
Ni evvaatru (eppadi)
utrankinaay?
How did you sleep?
Ú v›thW (v¥go)
k»œªJ X£odhŒ?
Ni evvaatru (eppadi)
Makizhunthu
ottinaay?
How did you drive
the car?
Ú v›thW (v¥go)
vGâdhŒ?
Ni evvaatru (eppadi)
ezhuthinaay?
How did you write?
Page
Tamil
436
Common Sentences (Tamil) Continued….
Common Sentences (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
मेरे हाथ म@ कतने सेब
ह+?
Mere haath mein
kitne seb hein?
How many apples are
there in my hand?
तुमने कतने लए?
Tumne kitne liye?
How many did you
take?
उसने तुiह@ कतना पैसा
Usne tumhen kitna
paisa diya?
How much did he pay
you?
है ?
Aur kitni door jana
hai?
How far have we to
go?
कल क याAा कैसी थी?
Kal ki yatra kaisi thi?
How was the journey
yesterday?
तुम/आप कस रा5ते से
Tum / Aap kis raaste
se aaye?
Which way did you
come?
Tumhara /Aapka
pasandida rang kaun
sa hai?
Which is your
favourite colour?
Tum / Aap kaunse
kamre mein soye?
In which room did you
sleep?
Tumne kaunsi
kahani batayee?
Which story did you
tell?
.दया?
और कतनी दरू जाना
आये?
तi
ु हारा/आपका
पसंद<दा रं ग कौन सा
है ?
तुम/आप कौनसे कमरे
म@ सोये?
तुमने कौनसी कहानी
Page
437
बताई?
Tamil Pronunciation
English
v‹ ifÆš v¤jid
M¥ãŸfŸ cŸsd?
En kaiyil eththanai
aappilkal ullana?
Ú v¤jid vL¤J¡
bfh©lhŒ?
Ni eththanai
eduththuk kondaay?
How many apples
are there in my
hand?
How many did you
take?
mt‹ cd¡F
v›tsî
brY¤âdh‹?
Avan unakku
evvalavu
seluththinaan?
How much did he
pay you?
eh« ï‹D« v›tsî
bjhiyî bršy
nt©L«?
Naam innum
evvalavu tholaivu
sella vendum?
How far have we to
go?
ne‰iwa gaz«
v¥go ïUªjJ?
Netrtraiya Payanam
eppadi irunthathu?
How was the journey
yesterday?
vªj tÊahf Ú
tªjhŒ?
Entha vazhiyaaka ni
vanthaay?
Which way did you
come?
cd¡F ão¤jkhd
Ãw« vJ?
Which is your
favourite colour?
vªj miwÆš Ú
cw§»dhŒ?
Unakku
Pidiththamaana
Nitram ethu?
Entha atraiyil ni
utrankinaay?
In which room did
you sleep?
vªj fijia Ú
brh‹dhŒ?
Entha Kathaiyai ni
sonnaay?
Which story did you
tell?
Page
Tamil
438
Common Sentences (Tamil) Continued….
Common Sentences (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
सबसे मीठा फल
Sabse meetha fal
kaunsa hai?
Which is the sweetest
fruit?
Hindi mein sabse
achcha newspaper
kaunsa hai?
Which is the best
newspaper in Hindi?
Kis bharatiya rajya ki
jansankhya sabse
jyada hai?
Which Indian state
has the largest
population?
रहे हो?
Aap / tum kahan se
aa rahe ho?
Where are you
coming from?
तम
ु कहाँ सोये?
Tum kahan soye?
Where did you sleep?
मेनेजर का के>बन कहाँ
Manager ka cabin
kahan hai?
Where is the
manager’s cabin?
चा.हए?
Mujhe kahan jaana
chahiye?
Where should I go?
2या यह कताब है ?
Kya yeh kitab hai?
Is it a book?
हाँ, यह कताब है |
Haan, yeh kitab hai
Yes, it is a book
2या यह जवाब है ?
Kya yeh jawab hai?
Is it the answer?
हाँ येह< जवाब है |
Haan yehi jawab hai.
Yes, it is the answer
कौनसा है ?
.हंद< म@ सबसे अnछा
अख़बार कौनसा है ?
कस भारतीय राgय
क जनसँ«या सबसे
gयादा है?
आप/तम
ु कहाँ से आ
है ?
Page
439
मझ
ु े कहाँ जाना
Tamil Pronunciation
English
vªj gH« Äf
ïÅ¥ghdJ?
Entha pazham mika
inippaanathu?
Which is the
sweetest fruit?
jÄÊš áwªj
brŒâ¤jhŸ vJ?
Thamizhil Sitrantha
Seithiththaal edhu?
Which is the best
newspaper in
Tamil?
ïªâahÉš vªj
khÃy¤âš k¡fŸ
bjhif mâf«?
Indhiyaavil entha
maanilaththil makkal
thokai athikam?
Which Indian State
has the largest
population?
Ú v§»UªJ
tU»whŒ?
Ni enkirunthu
varukitraay?
Where are you
coming from?
Ú v§nf cw§»dhŒ?
Ni enke Utrankinaay?
Where did you
sleep?
nkyhs® miw v§F
cŸsJ?
Melaalar atrai enku
ullathu?
Where is the
Manager’s cabin?
eh‹ v§nf brštJ?
Naan enke selvathu?
Where should I go?
ïJ xU ò¤jfkh?
Ithu oru
puththakamaa?
Is it a book?
M«, ïJ xU ò¤jf«
Aam, ithu oru
puththakam
Yes, it is a book
ïJ Éilah?
Ithu Vidaiyaa?
Is it the answer?
M«, ïJjh‹ Éil
Aam, ithuthaan vidai
Yes, it is the answer
Page
Tamil
440
Common Sentences (Tamil) Continued….
Common Sentences (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
म+ तुiहारे साथ
Mein tumhare saath
aaunga.
I shall come with you.
पेन दोगे?
Kya tum mujhe apna
pen doge?
Will you give me your
pen?
हाँ, ज़Zर।
Haan, zaroor
Yes, of course.
2या तम
ु मझ
ु े mयार
Kya tum mujhe pyar
karte ho?
Do you love me?
Haan mein tumhein
pyaar karta (m) /
karti(f) hoon
Yes, I love you.
Kya tum mujhe apna
pen de sakte ho?
Can you give me your
pen?
Kya tum box utha
sakte ho?
Can you lift the box?
Kya tum pariksha
likh sakte ho?
Can you write the
exam?
Kya tumne dopehar
ka khana khaya?
Did you have your
lunch?
कैसे ह+?
Tum kaise ho / Aap
kaise hain?
How are you?
म+ अnछा हूँ।
Main achha hoon
I am fine.
आऊंगा|
2या तुम मुझे अपना
करते हो?
म+ तुiह@ mयार करता
(m) / करती (f) हूँ।
2या तम
ु मझ
ु े अपना
पेन दे सकते हो?
2या तम
ु बॉ2स उठा
सकते हो?
2या तुम पर<fा लख
सकते हो?
2या तुमने दोपहर का
खाना खाया?
Page
441
तुम कैसे हो / आप
Common Sentences (Tamil) Continued….
Tamil
Tamil Pronunciation
English
eh‹ c‹Dl‹
tU»nw‹
Naan unnudan
varukitren
I shall come with
you
Ú c‹ ngdhit
vd¡F¤ jUthah?
Ni un penaavai
enakkuth tharuvaaya?
Will you give me
your pen?
M«, f©o¥ghf
Aam, Kandippaaka
Yes, of course
Ú v‹id
ÉU«ò»whah?
Ni ennai
virumbukitraayaa?
Do you love me?
M«, eh‹ c‹id
ÉU«ò»nw‹
Aam, naan unnai
virumbukitren
Yes, I love you
Ú c‹ ngdhit
vd¡F¤ juKoíkh?
Ni un penaavai
enakkuth
tharamudiyumaa?
Intha Pettiyai Unnaal
thukka mudiyumaa?
Can you give me
your pen?
c‹dhš nj®it
vGj Koíkh?
Unnaal thervai
ezhutha mudiyumaa?
Can you write the
exam?
Ú kâa czit
c©L É£lhah?
Ni mathiya unavai
undu vittaayaa?
Did you have your
lunch?
v¥go ïU¡»whŒ?
Eppadi irukkitraay?
How are you?
eh‹ ey«
Naan nalam
I am fine
442
Can you lift the
box?
Page
ïªj bg£oia
c‹dhš ö¡f
Koíkh?
Common Sentences (Hindi) Continued….
Hindi
Hindi Pronunciation
English
शभ
त
ु भात
Shubh prabhaat
Good morning.
शभ
ु राAीी
Shubh raatri
Good night.
नम5ते, नम5कारर
Namastay,
namaskaar
Hello
नम5ते, नम5कारर
Namastay,
namaskaar
Goodbye
फर मल@गे।
Phir milenge
We will meet again.
ध0यवाद
Dhanyavaad
Thank you
2या आप मझ
ु े
Kyaa aap mujhay
bataa saktay hain?
Can you tell me?
Badhaa-ee/
badhaaee ho
Congratulations!
Kyaa aap saaf-saaf
bol saktay hain?
Could you speak clearly?
Oच0ता मत करो।
Chintaa mat karo
Don’t worry.
माफ़ करो,माफ़
क िजए।
Maaph karo/maaph
keejiyay
Excuse me.
जाईए ,जाओ
Jaa-ee-ay/jaa-o
Go away.
आपक याAा शभ
ु
Aapkee yaatraa
shubh ho
Have a nice journey.
है ?/आप कैसे ह+?
Aapkee kyaa haal
hai?aap kaisay hain?
How are you?
म+ ठ½क हूँ ।
Mai theek hoon
I am fine.
बता सकते ह+?
बधाई, बधाई हो!
2या आप साफ़ साफ़ बोल सकते
ह+?
हो।
Page
443
आपका 2या हाल
Common Sentences (Tamil) Continued….
Tamil
Tamil Pronunciation
English
ïÅa fhiy
(tz¡f«)
Iniya kaalai
(vanakkam)
Good Morning
ïÅa ïuî
(tz¡f«)
tz¡f«
Iniya iravu
(vanakkam)
Vanakkam
Good night
tz¡f«
Vanakkam
Good bye
eh« Û©L«
rªâ¥ngh«
Naam mindum
santhippom
We will meet again
e‹¿
Nantri
Thank you
v‹Ål« brhšy
Koíkh?
Ennidam Solla
mudiyumaa?
Can you tell me?
thœ¤J¡fŸ
Vaazhththukkal
Congratulations!
bfhŠr« bjËthf¥
ngR»Ö®fsh?
Koncham
thelivaakap
pesukitrirkalaa?
Could you speak
clearly?
ftiy nt©lh«
Kavalai vendaam
Don’t worry
k‹Å¡fî«
Mannikkavum
Excuse me
öu¥ ngh
Thurappo
Go away
gaz« ïÅjhf£L«
Payanam
inithaakattum
Have a nic journey
v¥go ïU¡»whŒ?
Eppadi irukkitraay?
How are you?
eh‹ ey«
Naan nalam
I am fine
Page
444
Hello
Language: HINDI
कहा नय0 का संह
Stories Collection
Fयासा कौआ
एक बार क बात है कसी जंगल म@ एक कौआ रहता था| एक .दन उसे बहुत
mयास लगी| पानी क तलाश म@ वह काफ दरू तक उड़ता रहा, पर0तु कह<ं भी
उसे पानी नह<ं मला| जब वह बहुत थक गया तो उसे आ»खर म@ एक घड़ा
.दखाई .दया िजसम@ बहुत थोड़ा-सा पानी था|
जब कौए ने पानी पीना चाहा तो उसक चच पानी तक नह<ं जा सक | उसने हर
तरह से पानी पीने क को शश क , पर सब बेकार गई| कौआ बेचन
ै हो उठा,
तभी उसे एक उपाय सूझा| उसने आस-पास से कंकड़ एक>Aत करे और एक एक करके अपनी चच से घड़े म@ तब तक डाले जब तक पानी ऊपर नह<ं आ
गया| फर कौए ने जी भरकर पानी Cपया|
सीख: अपनी
मेहनत
और
सहनशि2त
से आप हर चीज़ का हल
ढूँढ सकते ह+|
लालची कुcता
एक बार एक कुते को बहुत जोर से भूख लगी थी| तभी उसे एक रोट< मल<|
वह उस रोट< का पूरा आनंद लेना चाहता था| इस लए वह उसे शाि0त म@ बैठकर
खाने क इnछा से रोट< को अपने मँह
ु म@ दबाकर नद< क ओर चल .दया| नद<
पर एक छोटा पुल था| जब कुता नद< पार कर रहा था, तभी उसे पानी म@ अपनी
Page
445
परछायी .दखाई द<| उसने अपनी परछायी को दस
ू रा कुता समझा और उसक
रोट< छ½नना चाहा|
Language: TAMIL
Stories Collection
jhfKŸs fh¡if
X® CÇš xU fhf« ïUªjJ. mj‰F ÄFªj jhf« vL¤jJ.
j©Ùiu¤ njo m§F« ï§F« miyªJ âÇªjJ. m¥nghJ
mj‹ f©Âš xU #ho bj‹g£lJ.
mj‹ mU»š br‹W
gh®¤jJ.
#hoÆ‹ cŸns Äfî« moÆš á¿J j©Ù® ïUªjJ.
m¤j©Ùiu¡ Fo¡f fhf« Äfî« Ka‰á brŒJ gh®¤jJ.
m§nf f‰FÉaš fhz¥g£lJ. f‰fis¡ f©l fhf« áWáW
f‰fshf vL¤JtªJ #hoÆDŸ ngh£lJ. F¿¥ã£l msÉyhd
f‰fis¥ ngh£l ã‹ j©Ù® nkny tªjJ. m¤j©Ùiu¡
Fo¤j fhf«, jhf« Ô®ªJ Äfî« k»œ¢ánahL thÅš gwªJ
br‹wJ.
Úâ : Ka‰á brŒjhš gy‹ c©L.
nguhir¡fhu ehŒ
X® CÇš xU ehŒ ïUªjJ.
mJ Äfî« gáahš thoaJ.
czit¤ njo Cbu§F« miyªjJ.
vY«ò¤ J©L »il¤jJ.
XÇl¤âš mj‰F X®
ÄFªj k»œ¢ánahL mjid¡
f›É¡ bfh©L XoaJ. tÊÆš xU ghy¤ij¡ fl¡f neÇ£lJ.
ghy¤â‹ ÑnH eâ Xo¡bfh©oUªjJ.
eâia ehŒ v£o¥
Page
446
gh®¤jJ.
Stories (Hindi) Continued….
रोट< छ½नने के लए उसने भ¨कते हुए नद< म@ छलाँग लगा द<| मँह
ु खोलते ह<
उसके मँुह क रोट< नद< के जल म@ Oगरकर बह गयी और लालची कुता भूखा ह<
रह गया|
सीख: हम@ लालच नह<ं करना चा.हए|
शेर और चह
ू ा
एक बार एक शेर अपनी गफ
ु ा म@ सो रहा था| तभी एक चह
ू ा कह<ं से आकर शेर
के ऊपर कूदने लगा| िजससे शेर क नींद टूट गयी| शेर को चह
ु सा
ू े पर बहुत ग5
आया| उसे अपने पंज म@ जकड़ कर मारने क सोचने लगा| चह
ू ा बहुत डर
गया| उसने काँपते हुए शेर से कहा - " हे शेर राजा! मझ
ु े माफ कर द<िजये, मझ
ु
से बहुत भार< भल
ु े जाने द@ गे तो आप का बहुत उपकार
ू हो गई| अगर आप मझ
होगा और आपके इस उपकार को म+ व2त आने पर जZर चक
ु ा दँ ग
ू ा|"
यह सुनकर शेर को चह
ू े पर दया आ गई और उसने उसे जाने .दया| पर वह मन
ह< मन हँ सा क भला यह छोटा सा चह
ू ा मेरा उपकार 2या चक
ु ाएगा|समय
बीतता गया और एक .दन हमेशा क तरह शेर शकार क तलाश म@ जंगल म@
घूम रहा था क एक शकार< ने उसे चालाक से अपने जाल म@ पकड़ लया| शेर
अपनी सहायता के लए जोर-जोर से दहाड़ मारने लगा| शेर क आवाज सुनकर
चह
ू ा वहाँ आया| शेर को जाल म@ फँसा दे खकर उसने तुर0त अपने नुक ले दांत
से शकार< का जाल काट .दया और शेर को आज़ाद कर .दया| शेर ने चह
ू े का
बहुत ध0यवाद कया|
Page
447
सीख: कसी भी ाणी क काबल<यत उसके भार< Zप से नह<ं लगानी चा.हए
और कभी छोटे -बड़े का भेदभाव नह<ं करना चा.हए|
Stories (Tamil) Continued….
eâÆš jdJ cUt¤ij¡ f©l ehŒ, ã«g¤â‹ thÆÈUªj
vY«ò¤J©ilí« ftu Ãid¤jJ.
Fâ¤jJ.
Mfnt, ehŒ eâÆš
eâÆš _œ»a ehŒ vY«ò¤ J©ilí« ïHªjJ.
fhakilªj ehŒ Û©L« gánahL miya¤ Jt§»aJ.
Úâ: nguhir bgUeZl«.
á§fK« vÈí«
xU fh£oš á§f« x‹W thœªJ tªjJ. mJ j‹Dila
FifÆš f©_o cw§»¡ bfh©oUªjJ. m¥nghJ m§»Uªj
vÈ x‹W mj‹ njhËY«, ãlÇÆY« V¿ ÉisahoaJ. cw¡f«
fiyªj á§f« mjid¤ Ju¤j Jt§»aJ. clnd mªj vÈ
á§f¤ij neh¡», “V! á§f uh#hnt! v‹id k‹Å¤J¡
bfhŸS§fŸ.
ï¥bghGJ eh‹ Éisahl mDkâ¤jhš,
c§fS¡F Mg¤J V‰gL«nghJ c§fis¡ fh¥gh‰Wnt‹”
v‹wJ.
ãwF
xU
ehŸ
ntlÅ£l
tiyÆš
á§f«
kh£o¡bfh©lJ. vÈ brh‹dij¥ nghynt, tiy¡FŸ ïUªj
á§f« cjÉ¡F miH¤jJ.
vÈí« á§f¤â‰F th¡fË¤j
Éjnk tiyÆid¤ J©L J©lhf¡ fo¡f¤ Jt§»aJ. tiy
J©lhfî«, á§fK« á¿J á¿jhf tiyÆÈUªJ Ûs¤
bjhl§»aJ.
tiyÆÈUªJ KGtJ« btËtªj á§f« vÈ
Page
Úâ : áW JU«ò« gšF¤j cjî«.
448
brŒj cjÉ¡F ÄFªj e‹¿Æid¤ bjÇÉ¤J¡ bfh©lJ.
Stories (Hindi) Continued….
सrचा म`
Eयाम और राम मA थे| एक .दन वे जंगल से होकर जा रहे थे| र5ते म@ उ0ह@
एक र<छ .दखाई .दया, वह उनक तरफ आ रहा था| Eयाम तरु ं त भाग कर पास
के पेड़ पर चढ़ गया| राम को पेड़ पर चढ़ना नह<ं आता था| पर उसने सुना था
क जानवर मरे हुए लोग को कुछ नह< करते| इस लये वह ि5थर होकर जमीन
पर लेट गया| उसने अपनी आँख@ बंद कर ल< और साँस रोक ल<| र<छ राम के
पास आया| उसने चेहरे को सँघ
ू ा|
उसे लगा क वह मर चक
ु ा है और र<छ आगे बढ गया| जब र<छ कुछ दरू चला
गया तो Eयाम पेड़ से उतरा| उसने राम से पूछा, “र<छ तुiहारे कान म@ 2या कह
रहा था?” राम ने जवाब दे ते हुए कहा क “5वाथ¶ लोग से दरू रहो͇|
सीख: समय पर काम आने वाला मA ह< सnचा मA है|
लकड़हारा और दे वदत
ू
एक लकड़हारा था| एक बार वह नद< कनारे एक पेड़ से लकड़ी काट रहा था|
एकाएक उसके हाथ से कुhहाड़ी छूटकर नद< म@ Oगर पड़ी| नद< गहर< थी|
उसका वाह भी तेज था| लकड़हारे ने नद< से कुhहाड़ी 'नकालने क बहुत
को शश क पर वह उसे नह< मल<| इससे लकड़हारा बहुत दख
ु ी हो गया| इतने
म@ एक दे वदत
ू वहाँ से गुजरा| लकड़हारे को मँह
ु लटकाए खड़ा दे ख कर उसे दया
Page
449
आ गई| वह लकड़हारे के पास आया और बोला " Oचंता मत करो|म+ नद< म@ से
तुiहार< कुhहाड़ी अभी 'नकल दे ता हूँ|" यह कहकर दे वदत
ू नद< म@ कूद पड़ा|
Stories (Tamil) Continued….
c©ikahd e©g‹
õh« k‰W« uh« ïUtU« ešy e©g®fŸ.
ïUtU«
fh£o‹ tÊna elªJ br‹wd®. m¥nghJ vâÇš fuo x‹W
tªJbfh©oUªjJ.
tªj fuo mt®fŸ g¡f« âU«ãaJ.
gaªJnghd e©g®fŸ Xl¤ Jt§»d®.
õh« k£L« ku¤âš
V¿¡bfh©lh‹. uhÄ‰F ku« Vw¤ bjÇahJ. vdnt, mt‹
nk‰bfh©L Xlhkš ÑnH gL¤J¡ bfh©lh‹. mt®fŸ mU»š
tªj fuo õhik vJî« brŒa Koahkš gL¤âUªj uhÄl«
tªjJ. uh« _®¢irailªjJ nghš eo¤jh‹. mt‹ mU»š
tªJ R‰¿¢ R‰¿ Kf®ªJ gh®¤j fuo mtid vJî« brŒahkš
m§»UªJ br‹WÉ£lJ.
elªjt‰iw ku¤â‹ nkÈUªJ
gh®¤J¡bfh©oUªj õh« ÑÊw§» tªJ uhik vG¥ã, ‘fuo c‹
fhâš v‹d brh‹dJ?’ v‹W nf£lh‹.
mj‰F uh«
“Raeykhf ïU¡F« e©gÅlÄUªJ Éy» ïU” v‹W
T¿ajhf¡ T¿dh‹.
Úâ : Mg¤âš cjîgtnd ešy(c©ik) e©g‹
ÉwFbt£oí« njtöjD«
xU ÉwFbt£o ïUªjh‹.
ÉwF bt£l¢ br‹wh‹.
bt£o¡bfh©oUªjnghJ
mt‹ xU ehŸ fh£o‰F
M‰¿‹ fiuÆÈUªj ku§fis
mtdJ
nfhlÇ
M‰¿š
ÉGªJÉ£lJ. v›tsî njoí« »il¡fhkš nghfnt, ÄFªj
ftiynahL M‰w§fiuÆnyna mk®ªJ É£lh‹.
m›tÊna
Page
ÉwFbt£oí« Ãfœªjij¡ T¿dh‹.
450
tªj xU njtöj‹ mt‹ ftiy¡F¡ fhuz« nf£lh®.
Stories (Hindi) Continued….
दे वदत
ू पानी से 'नकला तो उसके हाथ म@ सोने क कुhहाड़ी थी| वह लकड़हारे
को सोने क कुhहाड़ी दे ने लगा| तो लकड़हारे ने कहा " नह< नह<, यह मेर<
कुhहाड़ी नह< है | म+ इसे नह< ले सकता|"
दे वदत
ू ने फर नद< म@ डुबक लगाई| इसबार वह चाँद< क कुhहाड़ी लेकर बाहर
आया| ईमानदार लकड़हारे ने कहा " यह कुhहाड़ी भी मेर< नह< है |"
दे वदत
ू ने तीसर< बार पानी म@ डुबक लगाई| इस बार वह एक साधारण सी लोहे
क कुhहाड़ी लेकर बाहर आया|
"हाँ, यह< मेर< कुhहाड़ी है " लकड़हारे ने खश
ु होकर कहा| उस गर<ब क
ईमानदार< दे खकर दे वदत
ू बहुत सन ्न हुआ| उसने लकड़हारे को उसक लोहे
क कुhहाड़ी दे द<| साथ ह< उसने सोने और चाँद< क कुhहाºड़याँ भी पुर5कार के
Zप म@ उसे दे द<|
सीख: ईमानदार< से बढ़कर कोई चीज नह<|
अंगरू खे ह#
एक .दन एक भूखी लोमड़ी अंगूर के बगीचे म@ जा पहुँची| बेल पर पके हुए
अंगरू के गn
ु छे लटक रहे थे| यह दे ख लोमड़ी के मँह
ु म@ पानी आ गया| मँह
ु
ऊपर क ओर तानकर उसने अंगूर पाने क को शश क | पर वह सफल न हो
सक | अंगरू काफ ऊँचाई पर थे| उ0ह@ पाने के लये लोमड़ी खब
ू उछल<| फर
भी वह अंगूर तक नह<ं पहुँच सक | जब तक वह परू < तरह थक नह<ं गई,
उछलती ह< रह<| आ»खरकार थककर उसने उiमीद छोड़ द< और वहाँ से चलती
बनी| जाते - जाते उसने कहा, " ये अंगूर ख¬े ह+| ऐसे ख¬े अंगूर कौन खाए ?"
Page
451
सीख: हार मानने म@ 2या हज% है ?
Stories (Tamil) Continued….
Page
452
njtöj‹ jh‹ mtD¡F cjîtjhf¡ T¿, M‰¿š
ïw§»dh®. M‰¿Èw§»a njtöj‹ KjÈš xU j§f¡
nfhlÇia¡ fh©ã¤J, “ïJth c‹DilaJ?” v‹wh®.
mtndh, “ïšiy, ïšiy ïJ v‹DilaJ ïšiy!” v‹wh‹.
Û©L« M‰¿š _œ» btŸË¡nfhlÇia¡ fh©ã¤uJ, “ïJth
c‹DilaJ?” v‹wh®. mtD«, “ïJ v‹DilaJ ïšiy”
v‹wh‹. _‹whtJ Kiw ÚÇš _œ» mtdJ nfhlÇahd
ïU«ò¡ nfhlÇia¡ fh©ã¤J, “ïJth c‹DilaJ?” v‹wh®.
mtD«, “M«! ïJjh‹ v‹Dila nfhlÇ” v‹W T¿
tz§»dh‹. njtöj‹ m¡nfhlÇia mtÅl¤âš bfhL¤J
mtdJ ne®ikia¥ ghuh£o ÛjÄUªj ïu©L nfhlÇfisí«
mtD¡F¥ gÇrhf¡ bfhL¤jh®.
mtD« bg‰W¡bfh©L
njtöjD¡F e‹¿ T¿dh‹. Úâ : ne®ikna ca®î jU«.
ïªj¥ gH« òË¡F«
xU fh£oš eÇ x‹W tá¤J tªjJ. mJ xU ehŸ
ïiunjo fh£L¡FŸ âÇªjJ. fh£o‹ všiyÆš âuh£ir
njh£l« x‹iw¡ f©lJ. f©lJnk mj‹ ehÉš v¢áš Cw¤
bjhl§»aJ.
njh£l¤â‰F¢ br‹w eÇ bfhoÆš cŸs
âuh£ir¡ bfh¤Jfis¥ g¿¥gj‰F v£o v£o Ka‹W gh®¤jJ.
Mdhš mj‰F v£lÉšiy. Û©L« Û©L« Ka‰á brŒjJ.
jhÉ¤ jhÉ¥ gh®¤jJ. MdhY« KoaÉšiy. ïWâahŒ xU
KoÉ‰F tªj eÇ Ka‰áia¡ ifÉ£L tªj tÊna âU«ã¥
nghdJ. nghF« nghJ âuh£ir¡ bfh¤Jfis¥ gh®¤J, “Ó! Ó!
ïªj¥ gH« òË¡F«. ïªj¥ gH¤ij ah® rh¥ãLth®fŸ?” v‹W
T¿agona br‹wJ. Úâ : njhšÉia v¥nghJ« x¥ò¡bfhŸ.
Stories (Hindi) Continued….
(कसान और जादईु बतख
एक कसान के पास एक जादईु बतख थी| वह रोज एक सोने का अंडा दे ती थी|
कसान सोने के अंडे को बाजार म@ बेच दे ता था| इससे उसे अnछ½ आमदनी हो
जाती थी| थोड़े ह< .दन म@ कसान अमीर हो गया| उसने एक Cवशाल मकान
बनवाया| इसम@ वह अपनी पनी तथा बnच के साथ आन0द से रहने लगा|
बहुत .दन तक इसी कार चलता रहा| एक .दन कसान ने सोचा " य.द म+
इस बतख के शर<र से सारे अंडे 'नकाल लँ ,ू तो मालामाल हो जाऊँगा|"
कसान ने एक बड़ा-सा चाकू लया और बतख का पेट चीर डाला| परं तु बतख के
पेट म@ से उसे एक भी अंडा नह< मला| कसान को अपनी गलती पर बड़ा दःु ख
हुआ| बतख मर गयी थी| उसे बतख से रोज एक सोने का अंडा मलता था अब
उसे वह कभी नह< मल सकता था|
सीख: लालच बरु < बला है |
मकड़ी क1 सीख
एक बार दो राजाओं के बीच यq
ु 'छड़ गया| उनम@ से एक राजा परािजत हो
गया| वह जंगल क ओर भाग गया| उसने एक गफ
ु ा म@ शरण ल<| Cवजयी राजा
ने उसका पीछा करने के लये सै'नक भेज|े वह उसे जान से मार डालना चाहता
था| परािजत राजा बहुत बहादरु < से लड़ा था| पर उसक सेना थोड़ी थी| शAु क
Cवशाल सेना ने उसक छोट< सी सेना को हरा .दया था| मजबरू होकर अपनी
जान बचाने के लये उसे जंगल मे भागना पड़ा| वह बहुत द:ु खी हो गया और
Page
453
.हiमत हार बैठा|
Page
bgh‹K£ilÆL« th¤J
ÉtrhÆ xUtÅl« xU th¤J ïUªjJ. mªj th¤J
jÅ¢áw¥òilaJ.
mjhtJ, mJ âdK« mtD¡F xU
bgh‹K£ilÆid ï£L tªjJ. mtD« m«K£ilia
vL¤J¡bfh©LnghŒ rªijÆš É‰WÉ£L tUth‹. ï§‡d«
mt‹ gy K£ilfis¥ bg‰W«, É‰W« bgÇa brštªjdhf
Mdh‹.
tH¡f« nghš m‹W« bgh‹K£ilnahL rªij¡F¢
br‹w mtÅl« ÉahghÇ xUt‹, “Ú V‹ âdK« x›bthU
K£ilahf vL¤JtU»whŒ? mªj th¤âdJ tÆ‰¿YŸs
všyh K£ilfisí« xnu ehËš vL¤JÉ£lhš xnu ehËš
nkY« bgÇa brštªjdh» Élyhkšyth?” v‹W ÉdÉdh‹.
ïij¡ nf£l ÉtrhÆí« xnu ehËš brštªjdhf nt©L«
v‹w MirÆdhš f¤âia¡ bfh©L th¤â‹ tÆ‰iw¡
»Ê¤jh‹. mªnjh! gÇjhg«! mj‹ tÆ‰¿š xU K£iliaí«
f©lhÅšiy!
m‹iw¡F mJ junt©oa K£iliaí«
ïHªjnjhL, mªj th¤J« ïwªJ nghdJ.
Úâ : nguhir bgUeZl«.
áyªâ brh‹d c©ik (fij)
xUKiw ïU mur®fS¡»ilÆš ngh® tªjJ. mâš X®
mur‹ njh‰wh‹. mjdhš mt‹ fh£o‰FŸ Xo xËªJ
bfh©lh‹. FifÆš ruzilªjh‹. bt‰¿ bg‰w mur‹
mtid¥
gh®¥gj‰fhfî«
ão¥gj‰fhfî«
åu®fis
mD¥ãdh‹. njh‰w murid¡ bfhšy Ka‹wh‹. njh‰w
mur‹ JÂnthL ngh® òÇªjh‹. Mdhš mtdJ gil
Fiwthf ïUªjJ. vâÇÆ‹ gil bgÇjhf ïUªjjhš mt‹
njh‰fo¡f¥g£lh‹. ntW tÊÆ‹¿ j‹ cÆiu¡ fh¤J¡
bfhŸs fh£o‰FŸ Xo xËa nt©oÆUªjJ.
Äfî«
tU¤jK‰wh‹. mtDila JÂî« FiwªjJ.
454
Stories (Tamil) Continued….
Stories (Hindi) Continued….
एक .दन उदास होकर राजा गुफा म@ लेटा हुआ था| तभी उसका ]यान एक
छोट<-सी मकड़ी क ओर गया| वह गुफा क छत के एक कोने म@ जाला बुनने का
यन कर रह< थी| वह सरपट द<वार पर चढ़ती| बीच म@ जाले का कोई धागा
टूटता और वह जमीन पर आ Oगरती| बार-बार यह< होता रहा पर मकड़ी
.हiमत नह<ं हार<| वह बार-बार यास करती रह<| आ»खरकार जाला बन
ु तेबन
ु -कर तैयार
ु ते वह छत तक पहुँचने म@ सफल हो गयी| उसने परू ा जाला बन
कर .दया| राजा ने सोचा " यह र@ गनेवाल< न0ह<-सी मकड़ी बार-बार असफल
होती रह<, लेकन उसने यास करना नह< छोड़ा| म+ तो राजा हूँ| फर म+ यास
करना 2य छोड़ दँ |ू मझ
ु े फर से यन करना चा.हए|" उसने दEु मन से एक
बार फर यq
ु करने का 'नEचय कया|
राजा जंगल से बाहर 'नकलकर अपने CवEवासपाA सहयोOगय से मला| उसने
अपने राgय के शूर-वीर को एकA कया| और शि2तशाल< सेना खड़ी क |
उसने पूर< ताकत से दEु मन पर चढ़ाई कर द<|
वह वीरता पूवक
% लड़ा| आ»खरकार उसक Cवजय हुई| उसे अपना राgय वापस
मल गया| राजा उस मकड़ी को िजंदगी भर नह< भूल सका, िजसने उसे सदा
यास करते रहने का सबक सखाया था|
Page
455
सीख: असफलताओं से जूझनेवाल को एक .दन सफलता अवEय मलती है |
Cambridge University Campus,
England
Stories (Tamil) Continued….
The Swaminarayan Temple, Canada
Page
456
xU ehŸ nrh®tilªj mur‹ mªj FifÆš gL¤âUªjh‹.
m¥bghGJ m¡Fif thÆÈš ïUªj áyªâÆ‹ ÛJ mt‹
ftd« br‹wJ. mJ FifÆ‹ Rt‰¿‹ ÛJ V¿ V¿ ïw§»aJ.
j£ilahd RtÇš V¿í«, ÑnH ÉGªJ« jdJ tiyia¥
ã‹Åo¡ bfh©oUªjJ.
MdhY« mJ j‹ Ka‰áÆš
njh‰fhkš bjhl®ªJ ÑnH ÉGªJ«, V¿í« j‹ tiyia¥
ã‹ÅaJ.
ïWâÆš j‹ Ka‰áÆšmJbt‰¿í«bg‰wJ.
mur‹ nahá¤jh‹.
‘xU á¿a áyªâ mo¡fo
njhšÉailªjnghJ« j‹ Ka‰áia¡ ifÉlÉšiy. eh‹
k£L« V‹ Ka‰áia¡ ifÉlnt©L«? Û©L« eh‹ Ka‰á
brŒa nt©L«.’ v‹W fUâatdhŒ vâÇÆ‹ ÛJ Û©L« ngh®
bjhL¡f Koî brŒjh‹.
mur‹ fh£oÈUªJ btËtªJ jd¡F c©ikahd
e©gid¢ rªâ¤jh‹. åu®fis x‹W nr®¤jh‹. gy« thŒªj
gilia cUth¡»dh‹. j‹ KG gy¤njhL vâÇ ÛJ ngh®
bjhL¤jh‹.
åuKl‹ ngh® brŒjh‹. filáÆš bt‰¿ bg‰wh‹.
mt‹ njr« Û©L« »il¤jJ. mur‹ mªj áyªâia¤ j‹
thœehŸ KGtJ« kwthâUªjh‹. thœ¡if KGtJ« Ka‰á
brŒa nt©L« v‹w ghl¤ij m¢áyªâ f‰W¡ bfhL¤jJ.
Úâ : Ka‰áíilah® ïfœ¢áailah®.
Language: HINDI
जन जाग कता नोnस
Awareness Notes
काशक क अपनी 1यि2तगत राय पर आधारत कुछ जन जागZकता नोTस̽
शायद सब सह< न ह |
१.
हमे द'ु नया को कुछ दे ना चा.हए जैसे और ने .दया है |
२.
अमीर पैदा होना जो»खम भरा है और gयादातर जीवन का अंत
मंदभाग ्य होता है |
३.
जहाँ पर भी आप रह@ , कानून को जाने और उसका पालन कर@ |
४.
जीवन बेहद सु0दर है लेकन अंधकार से सचेत रह@ , िजसका
सामना हम सबको करना है |
५.
अपने अंदर क ताकत का पता लगाएँ और समझ@ |
६.
कसी भी सूरत म@ अपनी जान लेने क ज[रत नह<ं –परमेEवर
हमार< रfा के लए हमेशा ह+ |
७.
गल'तय का भग
ु तान करना ह< पड़ता है , तो इनसे हमेशा बच@ |
८.
इस सqांत को बनाये रख@ –दस
ू र के साथ अnछे रह@ –साधा जीवन >बताएँ
जो शायद आप के लए खु शयाँ लाए |
९.
छोट< उÅ म@ ह< कोई भी पेशे को सीख@ ताक िजंदगी अnछ½ बीते|
१०.
हमेशा मेहनती बनने क को शश कर@ |
११.
िजंदगी म@ चन
ु ौ'तय को 5वीकार कर@ और उनका मक
ु ाबला
अपनी ताकत से कर@ |
१२.
हर चीज़ मम
ु कन है अगर हम कड़ा यास करते ह+ |
१३.
हमेशा उसका सपना दे ख@, और को शश म@ लगे रह@ , िजस चीज़ को जीवन
Page
457
म@ आप पाना चाहते ह+ |
Language: TAMIL
ÉÊ¥òz®î g‰¿a F¿¥òfŸ
Awareness Notes
Page
1. k‰wt®fis¥ nghš ehK« ï›îy»‰F vnjD« brŒa
(bfhL¡f) nt©L«.
2. gz¡fhu®fshf¥ ãw¥gt®fŸ JuâZlrhÈfŸ.
3. NœÃiy¡F¥ bghUªj eh« e«ik bghU¤â¡ bfhŸs
nt©L«.
4. thœ¡if mHfhdJ, Mdhš mâš tU« J‹g§fis
vâ®bfhŸS« kd¥g¡Ft« nt©L«.
5. cd¡FŸ
ïU¡F«
âwikfis
cz®ªJ
mij
btË¡bfh©L th.
6. vªj ÃiyÆY« brhªj thœit¥ (cÆiu) ngh¡»¡ bfhŸs¤
njitÆšiy.
7. jtW brŒjhš J‹òw neU«, mjdhš mij jÉ®¥gJ e‹W.
8. thœ¡ifÆš áy bfhŸiffis fil¥ão - k‰wt®fS¡F«
ešytdhŒ ïU - k»œ¢áahf thœtj‰F vËikia¡
fil¥ão.
9. áwªj thœ¡if¡F ïsikÆnyna xU bjhÊš (m)
ntiyia¡ f£lha« f‰W¡ bfhŸs nt©L«.
10. v¥nghJ« fodkhf ciH¡f Ka‰á brŒ.
11. thœ¡ifÆ‹ všyh rthšfisí« V‰W¡bfhŸ - c‹
âwikahš mt‰iw¥ òu£o¥nghL.
12. eh« Äf¢ áwªj Ka‰á brŒjhš KoahjJ vJîÄšiy.
13. Ú thœ¡ifÆš rhâ¡f ÉU«òtij¥ g‰¿ v¥nghJ« fdî
fh©, k‰W« Ka‰áí« brŒ.
458
gâ¥ghsÇ‹ jÅ¥g£l áªjid (fU¤â‹) mo¥gilÆš
cUthd áy bghJthd ÉÊ¥òz®î g‰¿a F¿¥òfŸ mid¤J«
rÇahditahf ïšyhkš ïU¡fyh«.
Awareness Notes (Hindi) Continued….
१४.
कोई भी फैसला करने से पहले काफ Cवचार-Cवमश% कर@ और िजतना हो
सके अOधक समय ल@ |
१५.
शू0य से बढ़ने म@ ह< मज़ा है |
१६.
अपने पैर पर खड़े होकर 5वयं कुछ बन@|
१७.
हमेशा दस
ू र क मदद कर@ |
१८.
हमेशा सबसे खराब क उiमीद रख@ और अnछे क आशा, ताक आपको
कभी पछतावा न हो|
१९.
अपने समाज से जुड़े रह@ |
२०.
जानबूझकर (>बhकुल) बnचे पैदा करने से बOचए मत |
२१.
परमेEवर से हमेशा डरए |
२२.
अपने धम% का पालन कर@ और बाक सबका सiमान |
२३.
अपने धम% और आ5था से जुड़े रह@ , वह< आपको बुराई (अमंगल) से रfा
करे गा |
२४.
अपने परवार के संबंध को बनाये रख@ |
२५.
सदा दे शेमी रह@ |
२६.
कोई चीज़ ाmत (हा सल) करने क चाह हो, तो उसके लए अOधक धैय%
रख@ |
२७.
कसी गलत काय% के लए कभी भी समझौता न कर@ |
२८.
कुछ नह<ं (शू0य) से बढ़ना संभव है , लेकन कुछ होने से शायद नह<ं|
२९.
अपने काम म@ हमेशा लगे (Ùढ़) रह@ |
३०.
िजंदगी म@ अगर कुछ न मले तो शकायत मत कर@ – केवल अपने
क.ठन परBम पर भरोसा रख@ |
Page
459
३१.
हर हालत म@ सªय, ेरत और उसा.हत रह@ |
Page
14. vªj
Koîfis
vL¡F«
K‹ò«
njitahd
Mnyhridfisí« neu¤ijí« vL¤J¡ bfhŸ.
15. ó{a¤âš ïUªJ tsUtJ v¥nghJ« k»œ¢áahdJ.
16. j‹dh¡fKŸstdhf ïU.
17. v¥nghJ« k‰wt®fS¡F cjÉahŒ ïU.
18. nkhrkhdij vâ®gh®, ešyJ el¡F« vd e«ã¡if it.
m¥nghJ tUªJtj‰F vJî« ïU¡fhJ.
19. r_f¤Jl‹ x‹¿ ïU/CnuhL x¤J thœ.
20. FHªijfŸ
bg‰W¡bfhŸtij
nt©Lbk‹nw
jÉ®¡fhÔ®fŸ.
21. flîS¡F¥ ga¥gL/ïiw e«ã¡if bfhŸ.
22. e«ã¡ifia¡ filão. k‰wt®fS¡F kÇahij bfhL.
23. cdJ
e«ã¡ifna
všyh
Jau§fËÈUªJ«
(ÔikfËÈUªJ«) ïUªJ c‹id¡ fh¥gh‰W«.
24. FL«g¤Jl‹ ãiz¥òl‹ ïU/To thœªjhš nfho e‹ik.
25. njrg¡ânahL ïU/eh£L¥g‰nwhoU/njrg¡jdhÆU.
26. Ú rhâ¡f ÉU«òtij bghWiknahL Ju¤J.
27. vªj bf£l braš brŒtj‰F« x¥ò¡bfhŸshnj.
28. X‹WÄšyhkš thœtJ rh¤âank.
Mdhš ïj‰F
vâ®kiwahdJ rh¤âaÄšiy.
29. c‹ gÂÆš bfhŸifnahoU.
30. »il¡fhjij Ãid¤J tUªjnth mšyJ Fiwnah
Twhnj. c‹ fod ciH¥ig k£L« e«ò.
31. vªj NœÃiyÆY« RWRW¥ghfî«, mf¤ö©LjYlD«
C¡f« Ãiwªjtdhí« ïU.
460
Awareness Notes (Tamil) Continued….
Awareness Notes (Hindi) Continued….
३२.
मनु9य जीवन सबसे बेहतर है, िजसक तुलना कसी और से नह<ं क जा
सकती, पर मलता सफ% एक बार और उसके बाद कुछ नह<ं |
३३.
मनु9य जीवन थोड़े वåत के लए है िजसम@ बहुत काय% करने ह+, इस लए
कोई भी 1यि2त समय 1यथ% खच% नह<ं कर सकता |
३४.
छोट< उÅ म@ जो गलत आदत@ Cवक सत हो जाती ह+, 'नभानी महँगी पड़ती
ह+ और छोड़नी मुिEकल, इस लए जीवन के अंत म@ तकल<फ़@ और दःु ख घेरे
रहते ह+ |
३५.
बnचे अपने माता Cपता से बड़े होने तक, जो भी दे खते और सीखते ह+, वे
आदत@ उनम@ Cवक सत हो जाती ह+ – इस लए हर माता Cपता को अपने
बnच को अnछे सं5कार दे ने चा.हए |
३६.
कई लोग अपने गर<ब प9ृ ठभू म म@ होने के बावजूद भी सq हुए ह+|
३७.
हर तरह के अनुशासन को हमेशा बनाये रख@ |
३८.
अया शत मुिEकल@ अचानक कईय क िजंदगी म@ आ जाती ह+|
३९.
जीवन हमेशा आसान नह<ं होता – कुछ अया शत सम5याएँ आ सकती
ह+ और एक पल म@ सब ऊपर नीचे हो सकता है |
४०.
कसी भी अजनबी के साथ तकाल सiब0ध शुZ न कर@ |
४१.
अnछे वातावरण (माहौल) म@ रह@ जहाँ आसपास अnछे लोग का साथ हो |
४२.
परवार का सiमान हर जगह है , पारवारक 1यि2त बने|
४३.
दस
ू र को अपना शोषण मत करने द@ |
४४.
हो सके तोो .दन म@ कम से कम एक वåत का भोजन अपने बnच के
साथ कर@ |
४५.
कभी कभी बड़े छोट (यव
ु ा) का शोषण करत@ ह+, िजसके कारण
Page
461
अफ़सोस या पछतावा छोट को िजंदगी भर रहता है |
Awareness Notes (Tamil) Continued….
Page
462
32. k‰wt‰iw x¥ãL«nghJ kÅj thœ¡ifjh‹ áwªjJ. mJ
xUKiw jh‹ »il¡F«.
33. kÅj thœ¡if Äfî« á¿aJ. mjdhš neu¤ij å©
brŒahnj. Mdhš rhâ¥gj‰F Ãiwa ïU¡»wJ.
34. áW taâš f‰W¡bfhŸS« bf£l gH¡f§fis vËâš
e«khš ifÉl KoahJ. mjdhš thœ¡ifÆš gy J‹g§fŸ
tªJ nrU«.
35. FHªijfŸ bg‰nwhÇlÄUªJ vij¥ gh®¤J v‹d f‰W¡
bfhŸ»wh®fnsh
mJjh‹
mt®fsJ
ïstaâ‹
ts®¢áahfî«, thœ¡ifÆš Ãiyahdjhfî« ïU¡F«.
Mfnt bg‰nwh®fŸ ešy g©òfis¤ j§fŸ FL«g thœÉš
f£lha« filão¤jš nt©L«.
36. ãugykhdt®fŸ
bgU«ghY«
Vœikia/tWikÆid¥
ã‹dÂahf¡ bfh©LŸsd®.
37. thœÉš všyh xG¡f§fisí« fil¥ão.
38. gyuJ thœÉš vâ®ghuhj J‹g« âObu‹Wjh‹ tU«.
39. thœ¡if v¥nghJ« Rygkhf ïU¡fhJ. áy vâ®ghuhj
ãu¢ridfŸ tªJ xU behoÆš thœ¡ifia¥ òu£o¥
ngh£LÉL«.
40. m¿KfÄšyhjt®fËl« cldo gH¡f¤ij Mu«ã¡fhÔ®fŸ.
41. ešy R‰W¥òw¤âš ešy kÅj®fnshL thG§fŸ.
42. FL«g« v§nfí« kâ¡f¥gL»wJ.
mjdhš xU
FL«g°jdkhf ïU.
43. k‰wt®fis c‹id ga‹gL¤j mDkâ¡fhnj.
44. xU ehŸ xUntis czitnaD« c‹ FHªijfnshL
c©.
45. bgÇat®fŸ áy rka« ïisP®fis¤ j‹ eyD¡fhf¥
ga‹gL¤â¡ bfhŸtJ mt®fS¡F (ïisP®fS¡F)
tU¤j« mË¡F«.
Awareness Notes (Hindi) Continued….
४६.
Cवपर<त चीज़@ हमेशा एक दस
ू रे को आकCष%त करती ह+ |
४७.
बरु े लोग आसानी से अnछे लोग तक पहुँच कर उ0ह@ शकार
बनाते ह+ |
४८.
कुछ परचय अnछा परणाम दे ते ह+ लेकन कुछ काफ़ नक
ु सान|
४९.
अपने माता Cपता क दे खभाल म@ कोई कमी मत छोड़@ और उनक
अnछ½ तरह सेवा कर@ |
५०.
अपने माता Cपता क , जीते जी, सेवा नह<ं कर पाने का पछतावा
कई लोग को रहता है |
५१.
रोग लगने से पहले अपने 5वा5Þय का «याल रख@ |
५२.
लोग के चेहर पर मु5कान लाएँ |
५३.
कशोर लड़कय को नौकर< आसानी से मल जाती है ,लेकन इसके
साथ कईय के पेशे क तर2क का अंत हो जाता है और सार<
िजंदगी उ0ह@ साधारण इ0सान क तरह >बतानी पड़ती है |
५४.
कभी अहं कार मत कर@ |
५५.
आप द'ु नया के लए कोई हो सकते हो, पर कसी के लए आप द'ु नया हो|
५६.
धन कसी भी समय गुम सकता है , लेकन कड़ी मेहनत का अeयास और
Cवशेषaता जीवन म@ हरदम आपक मदद कर@ गे|
५७.
ज़Zरत के समय म@ गर<ब सबक मदद करता है, फर चाहे वो अमीर हो या
गर<ब, लेकन Ïयादातर अमीर इस काय% के लए आगे नह<ं आता |
५८.
काशक के अनुसार कृCषकम% (खेती-बाड़ी) और शfण, आदश%
Page
463
पेशे ह+ |
Awareness Notes (Tamil) Continued….
46. vâ®kiwahditjh‹ x‹iwbah‹W <®¡»‹wd.
47. F‰wthËfŸ ešyt®fËl« vËjhf¥ gH» mt®fis¤ j§fŸ
gÈah¡»ÉLt®.
48. áy m¿Kf« ešy Koî jU«. Mdhš áy bgÇa mÊit¤ jU«.
49. bg‰nwh®fis e‹whf¡ ftÅ¤J mt®fS¡F¢ nrit brŒa
nt©L«.
50. gy® j§fŸ bg‰nwh® cÆnuhL ïU¡F«nghJ ftÅ¡fhkš, mt®fŸ
kiwÉ‰F¥ ã‹ tUªJ»‹wd®.
51. nehŒ tU« K‹ Mnuh¡»a¤ij¥ g¤âukhf¥ ghJfh¤J¡ bfhŸs
nt©L«./ tUK‹ fh¥gnj áwªjJ.
52. k‰wt®fis¥ ò‹dif¡f it./ViHÆ‹ áÇ¥ãš ïiwtid¡ fhz
nt©L«.
53. ïs«bg©fS¡F vËjhf ntiy »il¡»wJ. mjdhš filá tiu
mªj ntiyÆnyna ïUªJbfh©L thœ¡ifÆš ts®¢áailahkš
rhjhuzkhfnt ïUªJ tU»‹wd®.
54. Mztk‰¿U/j‰bgUika‰¿U.
55. cyf¤â‰F Ú ahnuh xUtdhÆU¡fyh«. Mdhš ahnuh xUtU¡F
Újh‹ cyfkhŒ ïU¥ghŒ.
56. bršt« v¥nghJ nt©LkhdhY« mÊí«.
Mdhš fod ciH¥ò«
áw¥ò¤âwikí«, Ú thH tÊ tif brŒí«.
57. njit
V‰gL«nghJ
ViHfŸ
trâahdt®fS¡F« cjî»‹wd®.
jh‹
ViHfS¡F«
k‰W«
trâahdt®fŸ bgU«ghY«
cjîtâšiy.
58. ÉtrhaK«, f‰ã¤jYnk gÂfË‹ K‹ndho v‹»wh® ïªüš
Page
464
btËp£lhs®.
Awareness Notes (Hindi) Continued….
५९.
1यि2त क पहचान उसके तौर तर<क से, खान-पान से और रहनसहन से जानी जाती है |
६०.
1यि2तव और सह< वाता%लाप लोग का ]यान उनक
ओर
आकCष%त करती है |
६१.
हम सब को 'नय मत Zप से कसरत करनी चा.हए |
६२.
कुछ मामल म@ Rयाज के साथ ऋण, 1यि2त / कॉप·रे ट को
.दवा लया बना दे ते ह+|
६३.
युवाओं को अपने माता Cपता /संरfक के साथ सभी मामल पर
परामश% करना चा.हए|
६४.
यौवन परमेEवर का fणभंगुर अæत
ु उपहार है | इस लए हरएक को
सव%शि2तमान ने सुचरत कया हुआ जीवन साथी ढूँढने तक,
काफ़ धैय% रखना चा.हए, नह<ं तो सारा जीवन पछताना पड़ सकता
है |
६५.
'नराश और हताश मत होइए जब आप मुिEकल और क9ट का
सामना कर रहे ह | 'निEचत र.हये क अnछा व2त आपसे दरू
नह<ं ह
है 2य क जब परमेEवर एक oवार बंद करते ह+ तो दस
ू रा खोल
दे ते ह+ |
६६.
कई लोग के लए mयार और शाद< आनंदमय होती है पर कईय
के लए क9टदायक|
६७.
जो जैसा कम% करे गा अnछा या बुरा उसे वैसा ह< फल मलेगा |
६८.
दस
ू र से अnछे क उiमीद करने से पहले खद
ु एक अnछे नागरक
Page
465
बने |
Awareness Notes (Tamil) Continued….
Page
466
59. cd¡F v‹d bjÇí« k‰W« Ú v‹d c©»whŒ v‹gij¡
bfh©nl Ú m§ÑfÇ¡f¥gL»whŒ.
60. MSikí«, bjËthd ng¢R« c§fis k‰wt®fŸ ftÅ¡f
it¡»wJ.
61. eh« midtU« f£lha« VnjD« cl‰gÆ‰áia tH¡fkhf¢
brŒa nt©L«.
62. t£o¡F¡ fl‹ th§FtJ áyiu/áy ÃWtd§fis¥
bghUs‰w fldhËah¡F»wJ.
63. ïstaâd®
jkJ
všyh
Éõa§fisí«
j§fŸ
bg‰nwh®fËl«/
ghJfhty®fËl«
f£lha«
fyªJ
Mnyhá¡f nt©L«.
64. ïsik v‹gJ flîË‹ Ãiya‰w xU m‰òjkhd gÇR.
Mfnt, flîË‹ á¤j¤â‹go x›bthUtU« jd¡F«
rÇahd Jizia¥ bghWikahf¤ nj®î brŒa nt©L«.
ïšiynaš thœ¡if KGJ« tUªj neÇL«.
65. Ú ãu¢ridfisí« J‹g§fisí« rªâ¡f neÇL«nghJ
jsunth mšyJ kdK¿î bfhŸsnth TlhJ. ešyneu«
btFöu¤âš ïšiy, rªj®¥g§fŸ c‹id eho tU« v‹W
e«ò.
66. áyU¡F¡ fhjš k‰W« âUkz« k»œ¢áahdjhf
ïU¡»wJ. Mdhš áyU¡nfh J¡f« Ãiwªjjhf cŸsJ.
67. c‹id¢ R‰¿ v‹d el¡»wnjh mJjh‹ cd¡F tU«.
68. k‰wtiu ešy Fokfdhf ïU¡F«go Ú Ãid¡F« K‹ Ú
KjÈš m›Éj« ïU.
Awareness Notes (Hindi) Continued….
६९.
काशक यह नह<ं जान पाए ह+ क कड़ी मेहनत, नसीब या दोन,
इन म@ से कौनसा Cवकास के लए सहायक ह
है लेकन वह कड़ी
मेहनत पर परू ा भरोसा करते ह+ |
७०
वायद के बारे म@ हमेशा प2के रह@ , वरना आपको कोई भी गंभीरता
से नह<ं लेगा|
७१
संपक% करते व2त हर एक 1यि2त को सiमान और मा0यता द@ |
इसी सौज0य के कारण आप कुछ खोय@गे नह<ं बिhक बहुत कुछ
पाएँगे|
७२
७३
जैसे जैसे आप जीवन म@ तर2क करते हुए आगे बढ़ते ह+, वैसे ह<
अपने अतीत को न भल
ू @ और पूरा सiमान द@ | यह< आपक
क़ाब लयत को मजबूत करते हुए आगे बढ़ने म@ मदद करे गा |
कई लोग जब तक अ0न, आBय-5थल और पैसे (धन) के संकट
काल का सामना नह<ं करते, तब तक वे परप2व और वा5तCवक
नह<ं बन सकते|
“हम सब को राhय भाषा ज़ र सीखनी चा@हए (अगर वह हमार
रा¡य भाषा से अलग हो) ता(क हम सभी अवसर0 के लए यो¢य
बन सक"”
Page
467
मनोज पॉल – लेखक और 5काशक
Capital Gate, Abu Dhabi, UAE
(Recorded in Guinness World Records)
Awareness Notes (Tamil) Continued….
69. fod ciH¥ò, mâ®Zl« mšyJ ïu©Lnk, vJ eh« tsu
cjî»wJ. vd¤ bjÇaÉšiy, Mdhš fod ciH¥ig
k£Lnk btËp£lhs® e«ò»wh®.
70. Äf ftdkhf¥ bghW¥òfis V‰W¡bfhŸ. jt¿dhš vtU«
c‹id bghU£gL¤jkh£lh®fŸ.
71. xU
egiu¡
ifahS«nghJ
m§ÑfhuK« ju nt©L«.
mtU¡F
kÇahijí«
ïªj braš cd¡F v›Éj
bryîÄ‹¿ Ãiwa r«ghâ¤J¤ jU«.
72. Ú tsU«nghJ c‹Dila mont®fis mtkâ¡fnth
mšyJ kw¡fnth brŒahnj. mitjh‹ Ú tsu k‰W«
c‹id tYñ£o c‹ âwikia tsu¢ brŒ»wJ.
73. áy® j§fŸ czî, ciwíŸ k‰W« gz Éõa¤âš
ãu¢ridia
mDgÉ¡fhj
tiu
Kâ®¢á
k‰W«
vjh®¤j¤ij thœ¡ifÆš mila kh£lh®fŸ.
midtU« mt®fSila njáa bkhÊia f‰f nt©L«. (mJ
c§fŸ khÃy bkhÊ ïšiyba‹whš) m¥nghJjh‹ mt®fŸ všyh
thŒ¥òfS¡F« j§fis¤ jFâah¡»¡ bfhŸs ïaY«.
Page
468
kndh{ghš - btËp£lhs®
Awareness Notes
Some public Awareness Notes from the Publisher based on personal
opinion only, may not be all correct:
Page
469
1.
2.
3.
4.
We all must give something to this world like others did.
Born rich is risky & mostly life ends up as unlucky.
Wherever you are, know about the law & comply with it.
Life is beautiful but be aware of darkness in life, which we all
must face.
5. Understand & explore the power you have within yourself.
6. In any condition no need to take one’s own life - God is always
there to rescue us.
7. For mistakes one has to suffer-so better avoid doing so.
8. Maintain certain principle in life-be good to others-lead simple
life which might bring happiness.
9. Definitely learn a trade or profession at young age to have a
better life.
10. Always try to be hard working.
11. Accept all challenges in life & overturn them with your power.
12. Anything is possible if we put our best efforts to it.
13. Always dream and try for something you want to achieve in life.
14. Take enough consultations & maximum possible time before
taking any decisions.
15. It is always highly enjoyable to grow from nothing.
16. Be a self made person.
17. Always be helpful to others.
18. Expect the worst and hope for the best, so you never have any
regrets.
Awareness Notes (English) Continued….
Page
470
19. Be socially connected.
20. Do not avoid having children at all intentionally.
21. Be god fearing.
22. Practice your faith and respect all others.
23. Stay attached with your faith which might protect you from all
evil.
24. Maintain family bonding.
25. Be patriotic.
26. Have enough patience to achieve something you are pursuing.
27. Do not be compromising to any evil act.
28. It is possible to grow from nothing but may not be possible the
other way.
29. Be consistent in your work.
30. Do not regret or complain for not getting something in life-only
rely on your hard work.
31. Stay active, inspired & spirited in any condition.
32. Human life is the best compared to others but for once only and
nothing after that.
33. Human life is for short period but there are many things to do,
so no one can afford to waste any time.
34. Any bad habits developed at the young age-are costly to
maintain & difficult to give up-so mostly life ends up in misery.
35. What children see & learn from the parents up to their adult
stage that develop & stay always in their lives-so all parents
must try to maintain best culture in the family for the sake of
their children.
36. Many people became famous from poor background.
37. Maintain all kinds of discipline in life.
38. Unexpected hardship suddenly comes in many people’s life.
Page
471
Awareness Notes (English) Continued….
39. Life may not always be smooth - some unexpected problems
might come and in one moment can go upside down.
40. Do not start instant relation with any strangers.
41. Stay in good environment with some good people around.
42. Families are respected all over - try to be a good family person.
43. Do not let others exploit you.
44. Have at least one meal a day together with your children.
45. Elders sometimes exploit the young that causes regret to them
(young).
46. Things that are opposite attract each other.
47. Culprits can have easy access to good people & make them
victim.
48. Some introductions cause good result but some, huge damage.
49. Care for parents more than anything else and serve them as
best you can.
50. Many people regret not serving their parents enough while they
were alive.
51. Take care of health before getting diseases.
52. Bring smile to people.
53. Teenage girls get a job easily but with that job many of them say
goodbye to their career and stay as an ordinary person all
through their lives.
54. Never have an ego.
55. You may be someone for the world but for someone you are
the world.
56. Wealth can be lost anytime but hardworking habit & expertise
will help you survive.
Awareness Notes (English) Continued….
Page
472
57. At the time of need poor only helps both poor and rich but
mostly, rich help none.
58. According to publisher farming and teaching are the model
profession.
59. You are recognized by what you know and what you eat.
60. Personality and accurate talk make people noticeable to others.
61. We all must do some exercise regularly.
62. Loan with interest in some cases make individual/corporate
bankrupt.
63. Teens/the youth must consult all matters with their
parents/guardians.
64. Youth is a transitory wonderful gift of God. So, one should have
enough patience to find their right life partner selected by
Almighty. Otherwise, might cause regret for all life.
65. Don’t get despaired or frustrated when you are encountering
lot of difficulties and sufferings. Be sure good time is not far,
some opportunities are peeping in your way.
66. For some people love and marriage is delightful but for some
painful.
67. What goes around comes around.
68. Be a good citizen first before you expect same from others.
69. Hard work, luck or both, publisher doesn’t know which one is
helpful for growth but prefer to rely on hard works only.
70. Be very careful about all commitments, failing which no one will
take you seriously.
Awareness Notes (English) Continued….
71. Give due respect or recognition to an individual while dealing
with, this courtesy pays you a lot but costs nothing.
72. As you grow don’t forget or disrespect to your roots, it helps
you growing and strengthens your capability
73. Some people, unless they experience food, shelter and money
crisis, cannot make themselves mature and practical in life.
“Everyone must learn their National Language
(if it is different than State Language) in order to
Qualify for all Opportunities”
Manoj Paul – Author & Publisher
Page
473
The preparation of this Book took place here.
Horizon Tower, Dubai Marina, Dubai, UAE.
Author’s Introduction
Manoj Paul’s life has been very simple & ordinary. Born in 1954 and raised up until the age
of 18 in a village in Bangladesh call Basantapur located at Nutan Munshirhat-Fulgazi-Feni.
Then moved to some small towns and lived till the age of 26 in Bangladesh. In 1980 came
to the UAE and 2005 moved to Toronto, Canada and in 2009 attained the Canadian
Citizenship along with family. Academic side have never been bright, tried though to have
a medical degree but failed & somehow, ended up with a simple bachelor’s degree in
general studies. Worked in a Bank in Bangladesh from September 1977 - July1980, worked
in a Construction Co in the UAE from July 1980-March 1981, then started a solely owned
Construction Business followed by Project Management & Designing as well, in the UAE &
other GCC Countries & that has been running over 30 years now. 18 years of village life
had been involved with agricultural works to support a family of 8 people (parents+2
brothers & 4 sisters), so the family was not financially well off, had difficulties for survival,
although father had some small construction & trading businesses on & off basis but did
not work well. Today every moment Manoj Paul remembers those difficult days and feels
very lucky to had the opportunities of passing through those financial problems at the
young age. Also, highly appreciates & thanks parents every moment for not providing
luxury which made him learn how to face problems. With all through financial difficulties
& lack of proper education had to move on with life, always had to work for survival. The
transition phases from Farmer to Banker to contractor have been highly challenging.
The role of mother and wife of Manoj Paul have been very instrumental in his growth,
they stopped him from many wrong decisions which could have been a disasters. They are
very tough in principle but very much well wishers by heart. The father-in-law Late
Manoranjan Paul was a Professor of physics and retired as Principal of a Govt. College in
Bangladesh, always impacted Manoj Paul to some extent in keeping away from all evil
thoughts & acts. His respect in the society was so much, which helped, the only son-in-law,
to maintain that impact up to now. All other people who helped Manoj Paul so far always
remember them in each happy moment & remain ever grateful to them.
Also the religious faith existed in the family inspired the growth, which is a section of
Hinduism-praying direct to God through “OM” sign introduced by Swami Swarupananda
Paramahansa Dev in Bangladesh & India. This particular faith is very much helpful for
having growth from any difficult situations of human life globally irrespective of age, caste,
gender, religion & nationality. The writings of this faith made Manoj Paul an uphill fighter
towards success. The parents & father-in-law of Manoj Paul are no more alive.
Today Manoj Paul feels happy in all aspects of life, being blessed with a good son,
passionate in providing employment & creates skills, to the people as many as possible,
love to provide counseling globally to those who find life difficult for them, love creativity
and want to remain busy up to the last breath.
January 2014,
Dubai - United Arab Emirates.
Explore Management Consultancy JLT
(Engineering & Project Management)
P.O.Box-65568, Dubai-UAE, www.explorejlt.com
Tel: +971 4 3689918, Fax: +971 4 3605432
E-mail: [email protected], Mobile: +971 50 4429331
Explore JLT Specializes in the following Areas:Design & CAD Services: for Civil, Architectural, MEP, HVAC, I&C
(Instrumentation & Control), Landscaping, Interior Works & New
Construction Projects.
Project Management Services: for all types of Construction Projects.
IT Related Complete Services: for all types of Projects.
Approvals: for all of our Design Works from Concerned Authorities.
Supply of Manpower: on Short & Long Terms basis for Design, Drawings,
BOQ, CAD Services, QA/QC, Safety, GPS-Total Station-Land Surverying
and Engineers for overall Site Supervisions.
This book also available at Locations:
Tel: +919830222618, +919062093029
Kolkata, India
ISBN978-9948-20-625-5
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Hindi Masculine Gender Words

Transcript Hindi Masculine Gender Words

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