Transcript PARTHENIUM WEED SURVEY AND MANAGEMENT IN UGANDA

PARTHENIUM WEED SURVEY AND
MANAGEMENT IN UGANDA
REPORT – 2008 - 2013
GERALD KYEYUNE,JENNIPHER BISIKWA
International Workshop for USAID IPM CRSP on
Biological Control Management of Parthenium weed.
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
13th-17th July 2014
Introduction: Geography of Uganda
Location
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 Between Latitudes 42 N, 15 S
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 Between longitudes 28 W, 35 E
 Bisected by the Equator
Climate
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 Mean annual temp:16 C SW, 25 C NW, 30 C NE
Rainfall: Bimodal= April/May & Oct./Nov.
Geography of Uganda cont….
Land size
• Total area 241,039 km2
• Land area = 197,097 km2
• Arable land = 42%
• Cultivated area = 21%
Population
 37million (current projection)
Agriculture in Uganda
Major economic activity = AGRICULTURE
 Contributes 42% of GDP
 Contributes 75% of total exports
 Back-bone of the economy
 Employs over 80% of the population
 Mainly “traditional” farming as opposed to
green revolution technologies
Invasive weeds in Uganda
o Parthenium hysterophorus
o Lantana camara
o Oxalis latifolia
o Eichhornia crassipes
o Acacia
o Mimosa pudica
o Salvinia molesta (recent)
The problems of weeds
• Weed management present a major cost in
food production
• Compete with crops for resources
• Lead to yield loss
• Contaminate harvested grains
• Alternative hosts of diseases and pests
• Cause depreciation of land value
• Interfere with irrigation, navigation & fishing
Work done on Parthenium weed in
Uganda
1. Survey
Objectives of the survey
 Determine the occurance, distribution and
abundance of Parthenium in Uganda.
Sensitize the public about problems
associated with Parthenium
Devise management approaches to contain,
control / eradicate Parthenium
Map of Uganda Showing Parthenium
infested sites
Parthenium infested sites 2014
District
Location
Northings
Eastings
Buikwe
Mbiko
00 26 182
33 10 101
Jinja
Bugembe
00 27 801
Namutumba
Namalemba
Iganga
Altitude
Site Descr
Abundance
1165
RS, TC
Low
33 13 923
1153
RS, TC
High
00 45 330
33 36 485
1128
RS, CF
High
Busembatia
00 46 245
33 37 248
1105
RS, CF
Medium
Busia
Busiu
00 55 231
34 09 648
1184
RS, P
High
Busia
Mawero
00 28 478
34 05 414
1214
RS, R
High
Busia
Solo
00 28 311
34 05 414
1219
RS, R
High
Busia
Behind Police
00 27 865
34 05 832
1230
RS, R
High
Busia
Red Cross Vil
00 28 240
34 05 324
1211
RS, R
Low
Bugiri
Bugiri
00 33 793
33 45 403
1138
RS, TC
Low
Parthenium infested sites 2014
Altitude
Site Descr
Abundance
District
Locality
Northings
Eastings
Iganga
Idudi
00 37 414
33 37 027
1134 RS, R
High
Iganga
Buseesa
00 37 597
33 35 985
1142 RS, TC
High
Iganga
Ibako
00 38 133
33 36 100
1126 RS, R
High
Kampala
Makerere
00 20 113
32 33 840
1224 RS, R
High
Masaka
Katwe Full Gospel 00 19 695
31 44 313
1285 C
Low
Masaka
Kimanya A
00 20 852
31 43 962
1257 RS
High
Masaka
Kitenga
00 17 649
31 45 16
1221 RS
High
Ibanda
Ibanda
00 07 974
30 29 428
1473 RS,TC
High
Ibanda
Ibanda
00 08 064
30 29 697
1479 RS,TC
Low
Mbarara
District HQ
00 36 619
30 38 556
1425 C
Medium
Parthenium infested sites 2014
District
Location
Northing
Eastings
Mbarara
Rwebikona
00 36 910
30 38 691
Mbarara
Ruti
00 38 008
Mbarara
Kinoni
Mbarara
Altitude
Site Descr
Abundanc
1408
RS, TC
High
30 37 227
1412
RS,TC
Low
00 39 527
30 37 227
1442
RS,TC
High
Kakigani Kitokye
00 40 986
30 25 050
1454
C
Low
Kasese
Channel Track
00 07 963
30 00 917
944
RS
High
Kasese
Kiryandongo
Mweya Lodge
Bweyale town
00 11 454
1 56 807
29 54 033
32 08 122
945
C
RS
High
Low
TC
High
RS
High
RS
High
TC
High
TC
High
1089
Pader
Pader Town
Council
2 52 730
33 05 247
Pader
Kwontic
2 48 482
33 05 700
1048
1048
Pader
Tyer camp
Pader
Corner
Camp
2 47 644
33 00 889
2 46 034
32 57 535
1067
Pader
Rackok
Awer
Kilak
1079
2 42 201
32 56 756
1072
Work done cont’d
2. Management strategies
Public awareness
I. Radio and TV announcements
II. News paper notices
III. Poster exhibits – Agricultural Shows
IV. Local council meetings
 Involving students in research
Eradicating infested sites
I. Physical approaches
II. Chemical
Management trials
• Site: Makerere University campus
• Management approaches studied;
1. Hand hoeing
2. Hand pulling
3. Control
4. Herbicide
5. Common salt
6. Mulching
7. Slashing
8. Integrated
Management trials - Results
Challenges in managing Parthenium
weed in Uganda
• Ignorance
• Government priorities
• Geographical location – route to other
countries
• Favorable climate
• Availability of Resources
Way forward
• Increase public awareness
• Further research in management of the weed
• Continue surveys and eradication from the
infested sites
• Seeking government and donor intervention
Acknowledgements
• USAID IPM CRSP on Parthenium management
project coordinated by Dr. Wondi Mersie for
financial support
• Dr. A. Witt, who first sighted Parthenium in
Uganda
• Dr. Gadi Gumisiriza, Invasive Species
Management Project, NARO
• Makerere University
THANK YOU