Transcript Politics in the Gilded Age

Politics in the Gilded Age
Chapter 7 section 3
The Gilded Age
What does this
mean?
Who came up with
this phrase?
The Emergence of Political Machines
What is a political machine?
How did a political machine work?
Who was the boss?
What was the role of the
Political Boss?
Really, what did a Political Boss do?
Immigrants and the Machine
What was the connection between Political
machines and immigrants?
Municipal Graft and Scandal
What is fraud?
What is graft?
What is a kickback?
The Tweed Ring
Who was William “Boss”
Tweed?
What was Tammany Hall?
Who was Thomas Nast?
How was “Boss” Tweed found?
Civil Service Replaces Patronage
• Patronage is giving jobs to people who helped
you to get elected.
• This is referred to as the “Spoil’s System”
• Civil Service jobs are jobs with the
government
• People thought these jobs should be given on
“merit” not on just who you know.
Hayes, Garfield & Arthur
• Rutherford B. Hayes, Republican President
– Hired independents to serve under him
– Investigated the nation’s custom houses
– Fired two top officials in New York
– Made people mad, they became known as the
Stalwarts
– Election of 1880 Stalwarts vs. the Reformers
Election of 1880
• Republicans cannot decide on a candidate so
they elect an independent – James Garfield,
Ohio for Presidential candidate and Chester A.
Arthur as Vice President.
• Garfield ended up giving most of his jobs
through patronage (but not all of them).
Garfield’s Death
• July 2, 1881 shot in D.C. and dies September
19
• Shot by Charles Guiteau, a Stalwart who had
not been given a job by Garfield
• Arthur becomes president and turns out to be
a reformer. His first act as President is to ask
Congress to pass a Civil Service law.
Pendleton Civil Service Act
• 1883 began Civil Service jobs based on merit
system.