Transcript Principles of Disease Control

Chapter 5
Principles of Disease
Control
OBJECTIVES
Clarify principles of disease control
Principles of Disease Control
1.
Avoidance/Exclusion
i.
ii.
iii.
2.
Eradication
i.
ii.
iii.
3.
Host eradication
Sanitation
Crop rotation
Protection
I.
II.
4.
Quarantine and Inspection
Evasion or avoidance of pathogen
Use of pathogen free propagating material
Biological control
Chemical control
Resistant
AVOIDANCE / EXCLUSION
To prevent the import and spread of plant
pathogens into areas from which they are
absent
Quarantine and Inspection
Evasion or avoidance of pathogen
Use of pathogen free propagating material
1. Quarantine and Inspection
Regulations controlling the import and export of plants
to prevent spread of disease and pest
The Agricultural Pests and Noxious Plants
(Import/Export) Regulations 1981
–
govern the import of plants, plants products, insects and
microorganisms into Malaysia
Each state is responsible for enforcing quarantine
regulations to prevent the spread of pests and diseases
within the state.
Inspection of Plants/Insects at Legal Entry Checkpoint.
All planting materials, plant product, insects etc which is
prohibited materials subjected to inspection at the entry
checkpoint and if found infested or diseases shall be treated,
quarantine or destroyed
Air (KLIA, Subang Airport, Senai Airport)
Road (JB, Padang Besar, Chanloon, Rantau Panjang)
2. Evasion or avoidance of pathogen
Grow the plant in the area or environment that
unsuitable for the growth of pathogen.
Plant a susceptible crop at a great distance from
other fields containing possible disease.
3. Use of pathogen free propagating material
Use a pathogen- free seed
Growing the crop in an area that
Free or isolated from the pathogen
Not suitable for the vector of the pathogen
ERADICATION
To reduce amount of pathogen present in an area, on a
plant or on a plant part
Host eradication
Sanitation
Crop rotation
1. Host eradication
Remove or burn all of the infected host plant
Remove alternate host for the pathogen
2. Sanitation
Wash hands before handling certain kinds
of plant such as tomato
Frequently disinfesting knives used to cut
propagative stock such as potato tubers
3. Crop rotation
The practice of growing a series of dissimilar
types of crops in the same area in sequential
seasons
Crop rotation also seeks to balance the fertility
demands of various crops to avoid excessive
depletion of soil nutrients
PROTECTION
Protect the plant directly from any infection that
are likely to arrive.
Biological control
Chemical control
1. Biological control
The process to reduce or control the pest level
by using another micro-organism
Use antagonistic microorganism –
microorganism that antagonist to the pathogen
The microorganism will destroy and inhibit
the growth of pathogen.
Environmentally friendly method.
2. Chemical control
Application of chemical compounds that are
toxic to the pathogen
Inhibit germination, multiplication and
growth of the pathogen.
RESISTANT
Possessing qualities that hinder the development
of a given pathogen
Use genetic engineering technique
Insert the plants with genes that code for
production of enzymes or toxin that could
interfere pathogen infection.
Disease
Control
Method
Avoidanc
e/Exclusi
on
Quarantine and
Inspection
The Agricultural Pests and Noxious Plants (Import/Export)
Regulations 1981
Inspection of Plants/Insects at Legal Entry Checkpoint
Evasion or
avoidance of
pathogen
Grow plant in area that unfavourable for pathogen and
Grow plant in area away from disease area n in the
Use of pathogen free Use a pathogen- free seed
propagating material
Growing the crop in an area that
Free or isolated from the pathogen
Not suitable for the vector of the pathogen
Disease
Control
Method
Eradication Host eradication
Remove or burn all of the infected host plant
Remove alternate host for the pathogen
Sanitation
Wash hands before handling certain kinds of plant such as
tomato
Frequently disinfesting knives used to cut propagative stock such
as potato tubers
Crop rotation
The practice of growing a series of dissimilar types of crops in the
same area in sequential seasons
Crop rotation also seeks to balance the fertility demands of
various crops to avoid excessive depletion of soil nutrients
Disease
Control
Method
Protection
Biological control
Use antagonistic microorganism
Chemical control
Application of chemical compounds that are toxic to the pathogen
Possessing qualities
that hinder the
development of a
given pathogen
Use genetic engineering technique
Insert the plants with genes that code for production of enzymes
or toxin that could interfere pathogen infection.
Resistant