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Narcolepsy
DiQuawn Moore
Psychology
Period 1
Narcolepsy
Random experiences of
irresistible attacks of
sleep that can occur at
anytime or anyplace.
These occurrences usually
lasting between 10 and
20 minutes
Associated Features
DSM IV TR Criteria irresistible attacks of refreshing sleep
that occurs daily over at least a three month period.
The presence of one or both of the following:
Cataplexy( brief periods where muscle tone and may be
unable to move.
Recurrent instructions of (REM) sleep into transition
between sleep and wakefulness, as manifested by
either hypnotic or hypnagogic hallucination or sleep
paralysis at the beginning or end of sleep episodes.
Associated Features
Most symptoms begin around adolescence and or
adulthood, but symptoms can begin at anytime.
Some symptoms consist of:
Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS)
Sleep paralysis
Hypnagogic hallucinations
Cataplexy
Excessive daytime sleepiness with a tendency for frequent naps
Associated Features
People with narcolepsy are at high risk for obesity
compared to the general population.
Also this disorder is often misdiagnosed as Adhd or
Depression and is not a psychological disorder but
physical
Etiology
Genetic Factors:Narcolepsy has a genetic component
and tends to run in families. An estimated 8 - 10% of
people with narcolepsy have a close relative who has
the disorder.
Biological Factors:When cataplexy is present, the cause
most often is the discrete loss of brain cells that
produce hypocretin.
It has been also theorized that narcolepsy may be an
autoimmune disease.
Etiology
Other factors such as infection, immune-system
dysfunction, trauma, hormonal changes, and stress
may also be present before the disease develops
Prevalence
1 in 2,000 people.
Having a family member with narcolepsy
presents a 20 to 40 times higher risk of
developing the condition compared to the
general population
It is more prevalence in men than females
Males: about 1.75
Females: about 1.03
The cause of this variation is unknown.
Treatment
Lifestyle treatment of
narcolepsy includes taking
three or more naps
throughout the day.
Medical treatments
include
• Modafinil (Provigil): For
excessive, uncontrollable,
daytime sleepiness
• Armodafinil (Nuvigil)
• Sodium oxybate (Xyrem): For
cataplexy and excessive
daytime sleepiness.
Prognosis
Narcolepsy is a lifelong
disorder.
People with narcolepsy
have a significantly higher
risk of death or serious
injury resulting from motor
vehicle or job-related
accidents, and they must
take care to avoid
situations where such
accidents might occur.
There is no cure for
narcolepsy, but it is very
manageable and some
symptoms decrease such
as catalepsy but sleep
distress worsen.
Most people with moderate
and serious narcolepsy
have either trouble
keeping or finding a job
References
http://www.healthcentral.com/sleepdisorders/understandingnarcolepsy-000098_5-145.html
http://www.homesteadschools.com/lcsw/courses/Sleeping%20Disorders/asp/ch
apter8.asp
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1188433-differential
http://www.umm.edu/patiented/articles/how_narcolepsy_diagnosed_0000
98_5.htm
http://www.medmerits.com/index.php/article/narcolepsy/P10
Halgain, R.P & Whitbourne, S.K.(2005).
Abnormal psychology
clinical perspective on psychological disorders New York, New York.
Megrah Hill
Myers, D.G.(2011).Myers' psychology for ap. New York, New York
http://www.healthcentral.com/sleep-disorders/understanding-narcolepsy000098_6-145.html
http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/narcolepsy/detail_narcolepsy.htm#1913
Disscusion
What types of jobs do you think a narcoleptic
could have?