Transcript American History Chapter 18: World War II: Americans at War

American History Chapter 18:
World War II: Americans at
War
V. The Social Impact of the War
Bell Ringer
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Injustice and inequality – name an incident
that you associate with these words.
Do you know about any involvement of
minorities in WWII?
Objectives
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Learn how African Americans, Mexican
Americans, and Native Americans
experienced the war at home.
Find out about difficulties Japanese
Americans faced.
See how the war changed conditions for
working women.
A) African Americans
African American union leader A. Philip Randolph planned to
march on DC unless AA were given jobs in wartime industry
 Roosevelt signed EO 8802 – allowing government jobs
without discrimination
 March called off
 2 million AA moved North – race riots in Detroit and New
York
 Pittsburgh courier launched the double V campaign
29) Congress of Racial Equality (CORE): civil rights group
founded in Chicago – used non-violent techniques to end
discrimination
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B) Mexican Americans
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30)
31)
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Worked in factories and fought in the war amidst
discrimination
US needed farm laborers
braceros: Mexican farm laborers brought to
work in US
Barrios: Spanish speaking neighborhoods in US
– poor
Mexican-Americans began wearing zoot-suits – US
navy personnel in Los Angles thought it was unAmerican – fighting and riots began – victims
usually arrested - Navy limited leave in Los Angles
C) Native Americans
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Many fought in the war (25,000)
23,000 moved to cities to work
Never came home
D) Japanese Americans
127,000 Japanese Americans living in US at
war time – 2/3 citizens
 US afraid of spies – Pearl Harbor
 EO 9066 – internment for Japanese in camps
– people lost everything
32) Interned – confined
 Barbed wire and armed guards ?
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Today we look upon it as a grave injustice – 1988 all survivors
given 20,000 and an official apology.
Japanese Americans in the Military
33)
17,000 fought in WWII in Europe
Nisei – citizens born to Japanese
immigrants
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Some volunteered while living in internment camps
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442nd Regimental Combat Team most highly
decorated in WWII
“Go For Broke”
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E) Working Women
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Women made up 35% of work force – did jobs they
never thought possible
Rosie the Riveter - 628
AA women improved their jobs also
Received less pay
Women still did house care and needed family to
watch children
Some women went back to house after war – many
wanted to keep jobs – most were fired for men
Review
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How did African Americans, Mexican
Americans, and Native Americans experience
the war at home?
What difficulties did Japanese Americans
face?
In what ways did the war change conditions
for working women?