Transcript Citing Sources for a Research Paper or Term Paper

APA STYLE
What is APA Style?
APA Style is the citation style used
in The Publication Manual of the
American Psychological
Association (Fifth Edition).
In-Text Citations
Use the author/date method.
One Work by One
Author
A recent report on background checks (Bland,
2000)
Or
Bland (2000) compared background checks
One Work by Multiple
Authors
A report on backgrounds (Westbrook, Thompson,
& Thornton, 2004)
Or
Westbrook, Thompson, and Thornton (2004)
compared backgrounds
Every citation after the first citation:
Westbrook et al. (2004) found
Works with no Author, Cite the
Title or Part of Title if Title is Long
The results (“Health Insurance,” 2004)
Or
John won the race (Heroic Tales, 2004)
Note: You need to use double quotation marks around
the title of an article or chapter, and italicize the title of a
periodical, book, brochure, or report (p. 207).
Reference List Citations
Characteristics of a Reference List
in APA Style

References are to be listed alphabetically.
 Use author’s full last name and initials of their
first and middle names.
 Double spacing is to be used between reference
list citations and within the citations.
 Every line after the first line in a citation is to be
indented. You may indent a few (3) spaces or
use the “Tab” key to indent. Consistency is the
key.
Citing an Entire Book
McTague, T.S. (2001). Hiring in good times
and bad: A comprehensive guide to entrylevel staffing. Westpoint, CT: Quorum
Books.
Citing a Part of a Book
with an Editor
Jones, J.W. (1991). Selection alternatives to the
preemployment polygraph. In J.W. Jones (Ed.),
Preemployment honesty testing: Current research and
future directions (pp. 39-52). New York: Quorum
Books.
Citing a Signed Article from
an Encyclopedia
McDowell, J. (1996). Space astronomy.
In Collier’s encyclopedia (Vol. 21, pp.
340-344). New York: Colliers.
Citing a Magazine Article
Hayes, F. (2002, July 29). Can’t buy
security. Computerworld, 36, 54.
Citing a Newspaper
Article
Ellison, C. (2002, May 20). Employees increasingly
check new hire’s backgrounds. The Charlotte
Observer, p. A5.
Citing a Journal Article
Solomon, B. (1998). Too good to be
true? Management Review, 87(4),
27-32.
Citing an Article from a
Database
Amesen, D.W., Fleenor, C.P., & Blizinsky, M. (1998).
Name, rank, and serial number? The dilemma of
reference checks. Business Horizons, 41(4), 71-79.
Retrieved November 6, 2002, from Business Source
Elite database.
Citing a Web Site
History of encyclopedias. (n.d.). Retrieved
February 7, 2005, from http://encyclozine
.com/Reference/Encyclopedias/about.
shtml
Note: No period should be added at the end of the
URL.
CHICAGO STYLE
What is Chicago Style?
It is the citation style of The
Chicago Manual of Style (15th
Edition)
In-Text Citations
Use the author/date method.
A Work by One, Two or
Three Authors
(Walker and Taylor 1998)
A Work by More Than
Three Authors
(Sechzer et al. 1996)
A Work for Which No
Author is Given
(Anon. 1547)
Note: The abbreviation “Anon.”
stands for anonymous.
Works Cited List Citations
Characteristics of a Works Cited
List in Chicago Style
 Works
Cited List citations are arranged
alphabetically.
 In a works cited list citation, every line
after the first line is indented.
 Double spacing is to be used between
works cited list citations and within them.
Citing a Book (One, Two
or Three Authors)
Walker, J.R., and T. Taylor. 1998. The
Columbia guide to online style. New
York: Columbia Univ. Press.
Citing a Book (More Than
Three Authors)
Sechzer, J.A., S.M. Pfaffilin, F.L. Denmark, A. Griffin, and
S.J. Blumenthal, eds. 1996. Women and mental health.
Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.
Note: Use the abbreviation “eds.” when citing editors.
Citing a Part of a Multi-Author
Book with One or More Editors
Wiens, J.A. 1983. Avian community ecology: An
iconoclastic view. In Perspectives in ornithology,
ed. A.H. Brush and G.A. Clark Jr., 355-403.
Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
Citing a Newspaper
Article
New York Times. 2002. In Texas, ad
heats up race for governor. July 30.
Note: The newspaper title is first when the
author is not given.
Citing a Magazine Article
Ezzel, Carol. 2000. Care for a dying
continent. Scientific American, May.
Citing a Journal Article
Ryan, M.J. 1988. Energy, calling, and
selection. Am Zool 28:885-98.
Citing an Article from a
Database
Courtney, M.E., S.L. McMurtry, and A. Zinn. 2004.
Housing problems experienced by recipients of child
welfare services. Child Welfare 83:393-423. http://
web1.epnet.com/
Citing a Document on the
Internet (Web Page or Site)
Federation of American Scientists. Resolution
comparison: Reading license plates and
headlines. http://www.fas.org/irp/imint/resolve5
.htm
TURABIAN STYLE
What is Turabian Style?
Turabian style is the citation style used
in A Manual for Writers of Term
Papers, Theses, and Dissertations.
In-Text citations
Use the author/date/page number
method.
Exception: Don’t cite page numbers for
electronic resources or government
documents.
A Work With One, Two,
or Three Authors
(Lyon, Lyon, and Lucas 1983, 43)
A Work with More Than
Three Authors
(Greenberger et al. 1974, 50)
A Work With No Author
Given
(The lottery [1732], 20-25)
Works Cited List Citations
Characteristics of Works Cited List
Citations in Turabian Style
 Citations
are to be arranged alphabetically.
 Every line in the citation is to be indented
except the first line. Use the “Tab” key on
your keyboard to indent.
 Single spacing is to be used within
citations. Double spacing is to be used
between citations.
Citing a Book (One,
Two, or Three Authors)
Lyon, Mary, Bryce Lyon, and Henry S. Lucas. The
Wardrobe Book of William de Norwell, 12
July 1338 to 27 May1340. With the
collaboration of Jean de Sturler. Brussels:
Commission Royale d’Histoire de Belgique,
1983.
Citing a Book, More
Than Three Authors
Greenberger, Martin, Julius Aronofsky, James L.
McKenney, and William F. Massy, eds. Networks
for Research and Education: Sharing of
Computer and Information Resources Nationwide.
Cambridge: MIT Press, 1974.
Note: Use the abbreviation “ed.” or “eds.” when citing
editors.
Citing a Part of a Book
with an Editor or Editors
Beech, Mary Higdon. “The Domestic
Realm in the Lives of Hindu Women in
Calcutta.” In Separate Worlds: Studies
of purdah in South Asia, ed. Hanna
Papnanek and Gail Minault, 110-38.
Delhi: Chanakya, 1982.
Citing a Magazine Article
Weber, Bruce. “The Myth Maker: The Creative
Mind of Novelist E.L. Doctorow.” New
York Times Magazine, 20 October 1985,
42.
Citing a Newspaper
Times (London). 4 January - 6 June
1964.
Note: If you cite a newspaper once or twice, a citation
is not needed in the works cited list. However, you will
need to cite a newspaper in the works cited list if you
cite multiple issues of the newspaper.
Citing a Journal Article
Jackson, Richard. “Running down the
Up-Escalator: Regional Inequality
in Papua New Guinea.” Australian
Geographer 14 (May 1979): 17584.
Citing an Electronic
Document
Flax, Rosabel. Guidelines for Teaching
Mathematics K-12. Topeka: Kansas
Department of Education, 1979.
Database on-line. Available from
Dialog, ERIC, ED 178312.
Note:
The previous example “Citing an
Electronic Document” is an example of
citing an electronic document from an
ERIC database. Consult the Chicago
Manual of Style (15th Edition) for an
example of citing a Web page or site.