Transcript Review Week for Test 2

 Citizenship:
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Refer to your Citizenship HANDOUT!
Definition of Citizenship
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Three Ways to become a Citizen
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a member of a nation or country with full rights and
responsibilities under the law.
Born
Parents born
Naturalization
What two countries are also considered part of
the U.S.?
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Guam and Puerto Rico
Aliens = Non citizens
 Immigrants = Aliens that plan on moving here
permanently
 Legal Immigration Act 1990 – gave special
consideration and priority to immigrants with
special job skills but specifically to relatives of
U.S. citizens.
 4 steps of Naturalization
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1. Declaration of Intent
2. Apply
 3. Take the test
 4. Oath of Allegiance
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Before you apply you have to:
Must be 18 years old or older
Have lived in the U.S. for 5 years – OR – serve in the
military for 1 year
 Need to study basic English, history and civics.
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Rights – things you are ALLOWED to do
Responsibilities – thing you are EXPECTED to do
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Personal – pertain to yourself with little of no
government implications
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Political – usually have some government related
repercussion
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Speech, Religion, Obey the laws
Petition, vote, Jury duty
Civic Virtue – a moral habit; helps maintain order and
peace in those times that the government is giving
you freedom
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Self-Restraint
Civic Knowledge
Self-Assertion
Self-Reliance
 Citizenship
Means?
 Situations that still make you a US Citizen
 Naturalization
 Aliens v. Immigrants
 Legal Immigration Revision Act
 How can you lose your Citizenship?
 “My right to swing” ends when?
 Limited Government
 Civic Virtue: Why is it important? What are
the categories?
 Levels of Citizenship
of Rights – the first 10 amendments in the
U.S. Constitution; grants citizens rights.
 Bill
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
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ANSWERS:
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1. Freedom of Speech, Religion, Petition, Assembly and
Press
2. Right to bear arms
3. No quartering troops
4. Freedom from UNREASONABLE search and seizure;
Privacy
5. Rights of the accused
 no double jeopardy
 Cannot be compelled to be a witness against himself
 No private property can be taken without
compensation
6. Right to a Speedy Trial
7. Right to a Jury Trial – any controversy over $20
8. No Cruel and Unusual Punishments or excessive bail
9. Unenumerated rights
10. Rights reserved to the States
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Cruel and unusual…. Or is it!? A judge sentences a person to death for committing
a murder. A state law does not allow the judge to consider any special or individual
circumstances when deciding whether to give the prisoner the death penalty.
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Is the state law cruel and unusual? Why or why not?
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If the person getting accused is 17, is it cruel and unusual for him to get tried
like an adult and be given the death penalty? Use information from the
PowerPoint presentation we did in class to justify your answer.
Compelled or not…? A drug addict is arrested for robbery and murder. After being
in police custody for several hours, he begins to have severe withdrawal symptoms.
The police call a doctor who gives him the necessary medication. Nobody knows
that this particular medication has the effect of a “truth serum” on the prisoner.
The police proceed with the questioning process and within a short time, the
prisoner confesses to the crime.
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Was the prisoner compelled to be a witness against himself? Why or why not?
What amendment to this situation address?
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Cruel and unusual…. Or is it!? A judge sentences a person to death for committing
a murder. A state law does not allow the judge to consider any special or individual
circumstances when deciding whether to give the prisoner the death penalty.
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Is the state law cruel and unusual? Why or why not?
YES IT IS CRUEL! Especially when the punishment at stake is so high, judges need
to consider special, and possibly psychological, circumstances that might have
affected the crime.
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If the person getting accused is 17, is it cruel and unusual for him to get tried
like an adult and be given the death penalty? Use information from the
PowerPoint presentation we did in class to justify your answer.
YES IT IS CRUEL! Even though he is almost an adult, he is still underage and the
proper punishment should be fit for a minor. Teenagers are less disciplined and
more vulnerable to peer pressure than adults.
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Compelled or not…? A drug addict is arrested for robbery and murder. After being
in police custody for several hours, he begins to have severe withdrawal symptoms.
The police call a doctor who gives him the necessary medication. Nobody knows
that this particular medication has the effect of a “truth serum” on the prisoner.
The police proceed with the questioning process and within a short time, the
prisoner confesses to the crime.
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Was the prisoner compelled to be a witness against himself? Why or why not?
YES HE WAS COMPELLED! He was compelled by the medicine even though it was
unintentional, he could not practice his free will!
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What amendment to this situation address? 5 – Rights of the Accused
 Other
know!
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13.
14.
15.
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19.
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26.
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important amendments you need to
 ANSWERS
- Other important amendments
you need to know!
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13. Abolished Slavery
14. Equal Protection Under the Law and
Citizenship – all persons born in the U.S. or
Naturalized
15. Right to Vote (Suffrage) Regardless of Race or
Color
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19. Right to Vote (Suffrage) for Women –
regardless of gender
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26. Established the voting age to be 18 years old
– “Old enough to fight, old enough to vote”
This is a list of the Vocabulary you were tested on in your first test!
Make sure you have them in your vocabulary section!
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Citizenship – to be a member of a nation or country and to have
full rights and responsibilities under the law
Naturalization – the process that allows immigrants to become
citizens
Allegiance – loyalty to a person, country, or belief
Bill of Rights – first 10 amendments in the Constitution, added in
1791
Amendment – formal change to the Constitution
Aliens – Non citizens
Immigrants – come with the intention to stay
Legal Immigration Act – Passed in 1990; increased number of
immigrants allowed in the United States with special
consideration for job skills, or potential for investment. Also,
gave priority to family members of US citizens.
Rights – things that you are allowed to do because of nature or
because of law
Responsibilities - The expectation that you will take care of
certain things or perform duties
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Limited government – government leaves people when it comes to
certain things such as personal matters
Civic virtue – refers to the moral habits that are required for the
common good of the community particularly within a limited
government
Common good – general good of the people
Patriotism – devotion and pride for ones country
Civic Knowledge – knowledge of the rules and limitations set by the
Constitution and the government
Self-restraint – Self control
Self-assertion – standing up for your rights
Self-reliance – not depending on others for your basic needs.
Bear – to hold or carry
Quarter – to house
Seizure – to take
Compensation – usually monies awarded in exchange for something
Impartial – takes no sides; fair
Unenumerated – not explicitly stated
Abolished – ending or getting rid of
Suffrage – right to vote
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From the 1600s – English traditions of limited and representative government
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Monarchy – King or Queen
 Relatives and noble families had power and were given land in exchange for loyalty, taxes, etc.
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Magna Carta – 1215 King John treated nobles harshly
 Rebelled and forced king to sign the Magna Carta protecting their privileges and authority
 Granted certain rights such as equal treatment under the law and trial by one’s peers (WHAT
AMENDMENTS DOES THAT SOUND LIKE?)
 First form of limiting government
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Parliament – England’s law making body – legislature
 Common law – no written laws, judges determining right from wrong would look at precedents
– ruling in earlier cases
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1600-1700s England established colonies in America.
 Colony-group of people in one place who are ruled by a parent country elsewhere
 Set up through Charter- written document granting land and authority to set up colonial
governments
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First permanent settlement was Jamestown in Virginia in 1607
 Colonists chose 2 representatives and 22 of the governors council – House of burgesses.
 Little power but FIRST form of self governance.
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1620 – Pilgrims arrived in Plymouth in Massachusetts
 Came in the Mayflower so their compact (Agreement among the people to govern) was called
the Mayflower Compact – 1620
 Set up a direct democracy
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1733- all of the13 colonies established
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1760 – King George III took the throne and established a system called
mercantilism (selling more than you buy) to try to make as much money
from the colonies as possible using the colonies as a source for cheap and
raw materials.
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“No taxation without representation” – Colonists were upset because
they had no representatives in English Parliament
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Led to a boycott – refuse to buy English products.
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Stamp Act: Tax on legal documents
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Tea Act – made tea from Britain the cheapest – British East India
Company
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Colonists blocked the ships from the colonial ports, dressed as Native
Americans and dumped 342 chests of tea into the ocean = BOSTON TEA
PARTY
English response = Intolerable Acts AKA Coercive Acts restricting
colonists rights and allowing soldiers to search and move into colonists
homes
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1774 – FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS
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Colonists sent 12 delegates (Representatives) to Philadelphia to discuss
their concerns. They wanted to establish a sort of government in
America to stand up to Britain
Sent a document complaining to King George III and demanding
to get their rights back
 King George III responded violently
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May 1775 – SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS
Some people didn’t think Colonists could win a battle against Britain.
Debated long for the best option. During this time Thomas Paine
came out with the “Common Sense” Pamphlet where he argued
breaking from England was common sense.
 Second Continental Congress = First form of Government in the
Colonies
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Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of independence
saying the English Crown was not looking out for the colonists’
best interests. In it they say the purpose of government is to
protect the rights of the people and that they had the right to
overthrow the government for not doing so.
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Influenced by John Locke’s “Second Treatise of Government” - It said
that a good government is based on a social contract where people
agree to give up some of their rights to establish a government and
they can overthrow it if it misuses its power.
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Confederation: group of individuals united together for a purpose
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Articles of Confederation
Good
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States kept power and independence = sovereign
 No government telling states what to do
 Congress can create military to protect the states
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Bad
No way to enforce laws
 States could ignore laws
 No power to colleCould only be changed with consent from ALL states
 ct taxes to pay government funded occupations
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Limited government? NO! absolutely no government, every man for
himself mentality
Branches of government? No branches but clearly needed some
Citizens rights? No, not defined in Articles
All or nothing? Not effective method for altering Articles
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The Virginia Plan:
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The New Jersey Plan:
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Established our 3 branches of government
two houses and each state would be represented based on
populations.
One house with equal representation
The Great Compromise/Connecticut Compromise
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2 Houses: the Senate and the House of Representative
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The Senate would have 2 members per state which meant all states
had an equal representation
The House of Representatives would represent their states based
on population.
The Three-Fifths Compromise: every 5 ensalved
persons would count as 3 free persons.
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This way, slaves would count toward the population total to
gain more representation in the House for the southern
states.
 Constitution
was drafted to implement a
Federalism
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a form of government in which power is divided
between the federal, or national, government
and the states.
 Federalists:
supported the document
 Anti-federalists: felt it gave too much power
to the national government; wanted a bill of
rights.
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The promise of a bill of rights turned the tide
and Anti-federalists agreed to the proposed
Constitution
 Needed
9/13 states approval – In 1788, New
Hampshire was the 9th State
 Limited
government?
 Magna Carta?
 Federalism?
 Anti-Federalists?
 Colonies: First and second settlements?
 Intolerable acts?
 “Common Sense”
 First and Second Continental Congress?
 Virginia Plan?
 New Jersey Plan?
 Connecticut Compromise?
 3/5 Compromise?
 “No taxation without representation”
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Article I: Legislative Branch
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Composed of the Senate and House
Requirements:
House of Reps:
2 year terms
25 years old
7 years citizens
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Senate:
6 year terms
30 years old
9 years citizens
All bills regarding money start in the House of Representatives
Legislative Powers = taxing, Naturalization, Money related bills, Postal Service
Article II: Executive Branch
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Composed of the President, VP and Cabinet Members
Requirements:
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Serve 4 year terms
Must be 35 years old
Natural Born Citizen
Live in US for 14 years
Elected by the Electoral College NOT directly
In charge of the Military and Cabinet
Can be removed through impeachment for treason, bribery, misdemeanors, or high
crimes.
 Article
III: Judicial Branch
Composed of the Supreme Court
Federal Judges are appointed by the
President
 Serves as the referee between the branches
and can overturn laws it deems
unconstitutional.
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 Article
States
IV: Relations between the
State problems should be addressed by the
state governments
 States must treat citizens of other states as
if they were citizens of that state.
 Explains how new states are accepted into
the U.S.
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V: Amendment Process
 Explains
 Article
how to amend the Constitution.
VI: National Supremacy
 “Supreme
Law of the Land”
 The laws in the Constitution are above
all government; everyone must follow it
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VII: Ratification
 Approval
of the Constitution
 Explains Constitution will be in effect
after 9 out of the 13 States ratify it.
This vocabulary should be a review of the whole year! Study them
because I will chose words from this list for your test!
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Citizenship
Naturalization
Bill of Rights
Limited government
Civic knowledge
Unenumerated
Suffrage
Amendment
Appropriations
Boycott
Cabinet
Colony
Confederation
Direct democracy
Representative democracy
Duty
Federalism
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Immigrant
Impeachment
Indictment
Judicial review
Legislature
Mercantilism
Parliament
Preamble
President pro-tempore
Ratify/ratification
Resolution
Revenue
Separation of powers
Tribunal
Treason
veto