Transcript Individual & Family Housing

TEXTILES
Objective 4.01
Bell Ringer
10/8
Watch the video and respond to the following
questions…
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tuxRg2iMI5I

 What
are “TEXTILES”?
 List 3 examples
Objective
Recognize Basic Textiles used in interiors.
Outline/Vocab (on your course outline sheet)
A. Fibers
1. Natural
a. Cellulosic
(1) Cotton
(2) Flax
(3) Ramie
b. Protein
(1) Silk
(2) Wool
(3) Animal Skins
(a) Leather
(b) Fur
Outline/Vocab (on your course outline sheet)
2. Manufactured
a. Nylon
b. Rayon
c. Polyester
d. Olefin
e. Acetate
f. Acrylic
Outline/Vocab (on your course outline sheet)
B. Fabric Construction
1. Yarns
C. Types of weaves
1. Plain
a. Warp yarns
2. Twill
b. Weft yarns
3. Satin
2. Grain
4. Jacquard
3. Nap
5. Non-woven
4. Blends
Outline/Vocab (on your course outline sheet)
D. Laws
1. Textile Fiber Products Identification Act
2. Wool Products Labeling Act
3. Flammable Fabrics Act
Textiles
Textiles are any products made from fibers,
including fabrics
 Textiles in Interiors include: carpets, rugs,
upholstery, curtains, tablecloths, towels, sheets,
etc.

Textiles in the Home

Appearance


Durability


Visual and physical comfort
Ease of Construction


Care needed to keep fabrics clean and looking their best
Comfort


Ability to last
Maintenance


Overall visual effect
The ease with which the fabric is managed
Cost

Purchase the best fabric for its use; cheaper is not always
better
Fibers
Fibers are the raw materials from which fabric
is made
 Two categories of Fibers: Natural and
Manufactured

Natural Fibers
Come from plant and animal sources
 Two types: Cellulosic and Protein

Cellulosic Natural Fibers
Come from the cellulose in plants
 Absorbent, launder well, resist insect damage
 Burn easily, stained by mildew, wrinkle easily
 Examples:

 Cotton-
cotton plant
 Linen- flax plant
 Ramie- China grass
 Kapok- Kapok tree
 Refer
to Table 13-1, Cellulosic Natural Fibers
Cotton

Characteristics:
Absorbent
 Strong
 Dyes well
 Shrinks in hot water


Uses
Sheets
 Comforters
 Rugs
 Towels
 Upholstery
 Draperies

Linen

Characteristics:
 Strong
 Wears

Well
Uses
 Tablecloth
 Upholstery
 Comforters
 Kitchen
Towels
 Draperies
Ramie

Characteristics:
 Dyes
well
 High Gloss or shine
 Shrinks

Uses
 Table
linens
Kapok

Characteristics:
 Light
 Soft
 Not

washable
Uses
 Pillows
and pad Filling
Protein Natural Fibers
Come from animal sources
 Burn slowly, elastic
 Resilient = return to original size and shape
 Need to be dry-cleaned
 Examples:

 Silk-
from silkworm cocoon
 Wool- Hair of sheep
 Animal Skins, Leather and Fur
 Refer
to Table 13-2, Protein Natural Fibers
Silk

Characteristics:
 Strong
 Absorbent
 Dyes
Well
 Lustrous
 Water spots easily

Uses
 Draperies
 Lampshades
 Wall
Hangings
 Upholstery
Wool

Characteristics:
 Absorbent
 Wrinkle
resistant
 Not moth resistant
 Shrinks

Uses
 Rugs
 Curtains
 Blankets
 Draperies
 Upholstery
Animal Skins, Leather, Fur

Today these are produced synthetically
Manufactured Fibers
Come from wood cellulose, oil products, and
other chemicals
 Two categories: Cellulosic and Non-Cellulosic

Manufactured Fibers


Launder Well, mothproof, non-allergenic
Examples










Acetate
Acrylic
Glass
Metallic
Modacrylic
Nylon
Olefin
Polyester
Rayon
Refer to Table 13-3, Manufactured Fabrics
Nylon

Characteristics:
Strong
 Resistant to Chemical Damage
 Does not stretch, shrink or absorb water
 Creates static electricity


Uses
Carpet
 Curtains
 Draperies
 Slipcovers
 Tablecloths
 Upholstery

Rayon

Characteristics:
Highly Absorbent
 Soft
 Dyes Easily
 Drapes well
 Weak


Uses
Bedding
 Draperies
 Slipcovers
 Tablecloths
 Upholstery

Polyester

Characteristics:






Strong
Resistant to shrinkage, abrasion
Holds shape
Low absorbency
Heat Sensitive
Uses







Carpet
Bedding
Curtains
Draperies
Rugs
Tablecloths
Upholstery
Olefin

Characteristics:
 Lightweight
 Strong
 Resistant
to abrasion
 Heat Sensitive
 Nonabsorbent

Uses
 Carpet
Backing and Carpet
 Slipcover
 Upholstery
Acetate

Characteristics:
 Drapes
Well
 Dyes Easily
 Weak
 Heat Sensitive

Uses
 Bedspreads
 Draperies
 Upholstery
 Sheers
Acrylic

Characteristics:
Warm
 Lightweight
 Resists Wrinkles
 Low absorbency
 Heat Sensitive


Uses
Blankets
 Carpets
 Draperies
 Rugs
 Upholstery

Fabric Construction
Fibers are spun or twisted into yarns
 A yarn can be made from a single type of
fiber or from two or more different fibers
(blend)
 Blends bring out good qualities of some fibers
and hide the bad qualities

Fabric Construction

Woven Fabrics- created by weaving yarns
together.
 Weaving
– Interlacing of two sets of yarns at right
angles to each other

Knitted Fabrics- looping of yarns together


Single, double, jersey, rib, jacquard
Nonwoven Fabrics- joined together using heat,
moisture, chemicals, friction, or pressure

Felt, vinyl, leather
Fabric Construction
WOVEN
KNITTED
NONWOVEN
Yarns

Weaving – Interlacing of two sets of yarns at
right angles to each other
 Warp-
Lengthwise direction (up and down)
 Weft- Filling yarns that run in the crosswise direction
(right to left)
Fabric Construction
Grain- The direction that yarns run in a woven
fabric
 Nap- Layer of fiber ends that stand up from
the surface of the fabric

 Appears
different when viewed from different
directions
 Example: velvet
Fabric Construction
Tomorrow we will look at the various types of
weaves and knits!
Right now, lets finish the notes by looking at a
few laws created in relation to Textiles…
Laws

Textile Fiber Products Identification Act (1960)



Wool Products Labeling Act (1939)



sets regulations regarding the advertising and labeling of textile
fiber products
http://www.ftc.gov/os/statutes/textile/textlact.htm
Requires anyone who manufacturers or sells products containing
wool to accurately label each item with the fiber content and
origin
http://www.ftc.gov/os/statutes/textile/woolact.htm
Flammable Fabrics Act (1953)


Regulates the manufacture of highly flammable fabric
http://www.cpsc.gov/businfo/ffatext.html
Project

Discuss Spoonflower Project

DUE Monday 10/13
Bell Ringer

10/9
Look at the tag in the back of your shirt (your
neighbor can help you do this  ) and write
down the fibers in your shirt.
Objective
Recognize Basic Textiles used in interiors.
Outline/Vocab (on your course outline sheet)
A. Fibers
1. Natural
a. Cellulosic
(1) Cotton
(2) Flax
(3) Ramie
b. Protein
(1) Silk
(2) Wool
(3) Animal Skins
(a) Leather
(b) Fur
Outline/Vocab (on your course outline sheet)
2. Manufactured
a. Nylon
b. Rayon
c. Polyester
d. Olefin
e. Acetate
f. Acrylic
Outline/Vocab (on your course outline sheet)
B. Fabric Construction
1. Yarns
C. Types of weaves
1. Plain
a. Warp yarns
2. Twill
b. Weft yarns
3. Satin
2. Grain
4. Jacquard
3. Nap
5. Non-woven
4. Blends
Outline/Vocab (on your course outline sheet)
D. Laws
1. Textile Fiber Products Identification Act
2. Wool Products Labeling Act
3. Flammable Fabrics Act
Types of Weaves

Plain Weave- simplest
 Weft

goes over and under each warp
Basket Weave
 Similar
to Plain weave
 Two or more weft yarns are interlaced with two or
more warp weaves
Types of Weaves
Types of Weaves

Twill Weave
 The
warp or the weft yarn passes over two or more
yarns
 Each succeeding pass begins one yarn above or below
the last one
 Results in a WALE – diagonal rib pattern in the fabric
Types of Weaves
Types of Weaves

Satin Weave
 Has
long FLOATS or portions of yarn on the surface of
fabric
 The warp or the weft float over 4 or more opposite
yarns
 Each succeeding float begins two yarns away from the
beginning of the last one
 Results in a smooth and slippery fabric
Types of Weaves
Types of Weaves

Pile Weave
 Variation
of plain and twill weaves
 Yarn loops or cut yarns that stand away from the base
of the fabric
 Pile fabrics have a nap
 Examples- Velvet, Corduroy, Terry cloth
Types of Knits

Jersey- one flat side and one piled side
 Most
common
 T-shirts!

Rib- vertical stripes created by wales

Jacquard- created on an electric loom
 Complex
upholstery fabrics
Types of Knits
Project

Spoonflower Project

DUE Monday 10/13
Bell Ringer
10/10
Sit Quietly and get ready to hear from our
GUEST SPEAKER from Cotton, Inc.
 Take notes in your notebooks! For Future QUIZ

Project

Spoonflower Project

DUE Monday, 10/13