Transcript Document
BOATING SKILLS AND SEAMANSHIP Lesson 6 The Rules We Must Follow Approved by DC-E USCG AuxA, Inc Lesson Objectives (1) • The importance of Navigation Rules • The rules and where they apply • How the rules apply to boaters in different situations • The differences between the inland and international rules • The General Responsibility Rule 2 Lesson Objectives (2) • How liability for an accident is assessed • Your responsibility for helping other people • Safe conduct for your vessel • Proper sound signals for different situations • The proper light configuration for your vessel 3 Lesson Objectives (3) • The rules of operation and sounds to be made in restricted visibility • What lights and shapes tell you • Legal distress signals 4 Navigation Rules • • • • Purpose - Prevent Collisions Apply to - Everyone Two sets - Inland and International Divided by - Line of Demarcation established by: – USCG Commandant 5 Demarcation Line 6 Definitions • Power driven vessel – Any vessel propelled by machinery • Underway – Not anchored, not aground, not made fast to shore • Making way – Being propelled • Others – – – – Fishing vessel Restricted in ability to maneuver Not under command Constrained by draft 7 General Responsibility Rule • Two principal aspects – Rule of Good Seamanship • Basically – Follow the rules, but – Use good seamanship to depart from the rules to avoid immediate danger 8 General Responsibility Rule • Consider all dangers to navigation • Consider special circumstances – Immediate danger 9 Assessing Legal Liability • All parties usually share some responsibility for an accident • If you violate the rules, and have a collision, you may be at least partly responsible no matter what the other skipper does 10 Your Responsibility • Any damage your boat wake may cause to other boats or injuries suffered by your passengers or others. • Anything your boat does or anything that happens to your boat 11 Federal Law • You must provide whatever assistance you can to anyone at sea in need of help GOOD SAMARITAN CLAUSE • You cannot be held liable for anything you do or don’t do when rendering assistance in good faith provided there is no objection 12 General Considerations • Large vs Small vessels • Give large vessels room • Maintain a lookout • Have a designated lookout • Safe speed • Slow enough to avoid collision • Radar • An extra set of eyes • Increased responsibility 13 Operation in Narrow Channels • • • • Keep to right Don’t cross in path of other vessels Don’t anchor except in emergency Inland only: • “Downbound” vessel has right-of way 14 Traffic Separation Schemes International Rules Vessel Traffic Services 15 Hierarchy of Maneuverability 16 Stand-on vs Giveway • Stand-on • Vessel on right(sees green light) • Vessel being overtaken • Must maintain course and speed • Giveway • Sees red, red & green, or white light • Must keep out of way • Rules for sailing vessels • Wind on Starboard side is stand on • Give way if windward of another sailboat 17 The 3 Situations Meeting vessel Give-away crossing vessels Stand-on crossing vessels ARC of red light 112.5o ARC of green light 112.5o ARC of white light 135o Overtaking vessels 18 Constant Bearing • Constant bearing + decreasing range = collision course • Make course change large enough to be evident (at least 60 degrees) 19 Sound Signals • SHORT BLAST (1 Sec) – A MANEUVERING SIGNAL • PROLONGED BLAST (4-6 Sec) – ALSO A MANEUVERING SIGNAL – ATTENTION GETTER, USE WHEN: • LEAVING A DOCK • APPROACHING SHARP BEND • IN FOG OR RESTRICTED VISIBILITY 20 Sound Signals • Sound signals underway – – – – – Intl & Inland different words, same result 1 short pass with you on my port 2 short pass you on my starboard 3 short operating in reverse 5 or more short danger/doubt • International meeting – Signal action I’m taking – No response required unless danger/doubt • Inland meeting – Signal intention – Respond same if agree, danger/doubt if not 21 “Passing” Situations • Meeting • Head-on or nearly so • No right-of-way • Port-to-port preferred • Crossing • Side light visible • Right’s right - pass astern • Overtaking • No side lights visible • White stern light • Overtaking - stay clear 22 Meeting Situation 23 Crossing Situation 24 Overtaking Situation 25 Overtaking in Narrow Channels, Intl Rules 1 prolonged 1 short 1 prolonged and 1 Short blast Stand-On Vessel 1 prolonged 1 short 1 prolonged and 1 Short blast 2 prolonged Followed by 1 short blast Give-Way Vessel 2 prolonged Followed by 2 short blast 26 Restricted Visibility • When not in sight • No vessel is stand-on • Sound signals - underway • Every 2 minutes • Power boat - 1 long blast • Sailboat - 1 long blast, 2 short blasts • Not making way - 2 long blasts 27 Sound signals not underway • Anchor: – 12 meters or greater – ring bell rapidly for 5 seconds every one minutes. – Less than 12 meters – make sound every 2 minutes. – 100 meters or more – bell in forepart followed by gong in aft part every one minute. – May also sound one short, one prolonged and 1 short whistle. • Aground: Same as at anchor with 3 distinct strokes of bell immediately before and after rapid ringing of bell. • Special anchorage: vessels less than 20 meters do not sound signals. 28 Vessel Lights • All boats • Side lights • Red = port, green = starboard • 112 1/2 degrees each • Stern Light • White • 135 degrees • Power boats, add • Masthead light • White • 225 degrees • If less than 12m, can combine stern and masthead lights with one 360 degree white light 29 Light Sectors Abeam Port Side 22.5o 112.5o Red Sector Dead Ahead White Sector 135o Green Sector 22.5o Abeam Starboard Side 112.5o 30 Light Sectors 31 Light Sectors 32 Light Sectors 33 Rowboat/Small Sailboat Lights 34 Light Requirements 35 Special Lights • • • • Fishing Vessels Vessels constrained by draft Towing vessels Vessels at anchor 36 Day Shapes anchored not under command under sail and power fishing vessel Approved by DC-E USCG AuxA, Inc 37 Visual Distress Signals 38 Visual Distress Signals Signal Mirror Code Flags (November-Charlie) Arm Waving 39 Night Visual Distress Signals 40 Other Distress signals • • • • • • Gun fired every minute Continuous sounding of fog signal Voice radio signal - MAYDAY Signal flags - N C Fire on vessel EPIRB signal 41 Diving Flags Near Diver During Diving On Boat during Diving 42 Drawbridges • Limitations • Signals 43 Homeland Security Measures • 1-877-24WATCH • 1-800-424-8802 44 Summary • • • • • • • • Purpose of rules Inland and International General Responsibility Liability Proper sounds and lights Restricted visibility Lights and shapes Distress signals 45