Transcript Skeletal System - TWHS 9th Grade Campus

Skeletal System
A Framework
Axial Skeleton
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A. cranium
B. vertebrae
C. ribs
D. sternum
Appendicular Skeleton
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A. arms
B. legs
C. shoulders
D. hips
Bone Functions
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Support body
Give shape
Anchors for muscles
Protect internal organs
Make blood cells in the bone marrow
Store minerals (like calcium)
Bone Structure
• Periosteum- outer covering of bone
• Blood vessels- carry nutrients to & from bone
• Spongy bone- at the end of long bones &
contains red marrow (makes red blood cells)
• Compact bone- down the length of long bones
for support; filled with yellow marrow (fat)
Bone Growth
• Throughout life we continually replace
old bone cells with new bone cells.
• Newborns have a lot of cartilage and very
little bone.
• At about age 25 we have very little
cartilage & a lot of bone
Joints- where bones meet
• Immovable: cranium
• Slightly movable: vertebrae
• Movable:
– Ball & socket: hips & shoulders
– Hinge: elbow, knee, fingers, toes
– Pivot: where the head joins the neck; “no”
movement
– Gliding: wrist & ankles
Pivot
Ball and Socket
Gliding
Hinge
Related Tissues
• Cartilage—serves as a cushion between
bones
• Bursae—is a fluid-filled sac; serves to
cushion between bones
• Ligaments—connect bone to bone
• Tendons—connect bone to muscle
Injuries and Disorders
Ankle Sprain
Injuries to ligaments
Treatment: RICE
R- Rest
I – Ice
C- Compress w/ bandage
E- Elevate
Bursitis
Inflammation of the
bursae; takes in too
much water
Arthritis
•inflamed joints
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Steps in repairing breaks/ fractures
1. Bone broken
2. Damaged bone removed
3. Gap filled with a CALLUS
made of cartilage
4. New cartilage ossifies
(turns to bone)
Broken
bone
Callus
Healthy
Humerus
1. Cranium
11. Carpals
2. Mandible
12. Metacarpals
3. Clavicle
13. Phalanges
4. Sternum
14. Femur
5. Humerus
15. Patella
6. Ribs
16. Tibia
7. Vertebrae
17. Fibula
8. Pelvis
18. Tarsals
9. Radius
19. Metatarsals
10. Ulna
20. Phalanges
Animated Skeletal Review
• YouTube - Animaniacs Re-animated: The
Bone Song
Hey, My Cranium!
(Sing along with the “Macarena” song)
Tarsals-Fibula-Tibia-Patella
Femur-Pelvis-Ribs-Sternum
Carpals-Ulna-Radius-Humerus
Hey, my Cranium!