Transcript Document

Force
and
Motion
2/2 Weekly Highlander Sheet
Objective: Apply Newton’s first law to
real world scenarios.
Responsibilities: Finish in class reading
and Q’s
Newton’s First Law Reading
Answer Questions on worksheet and hand in.
WHOT Q
Tell a story of unbalanced forced in your
life.
Force
and
Motion
2/3 Weekly Highlander Sheet
Objective: Students understand how to
use a frame of reference to analyze
movement.
Responsibilities: Students will
investigate to discover and identify
evidence and various types of forces.
Distance, Displacement,
Frame of Reference
Distance: the actual footpath
Displacement: How far from the
frame of reference.
Frame of
Reference: Location used to locate
or measure movement of a point in
space.
Warm Up:
At what velocity is the stick-guy
inside the train moving?
What is your frame of reference?
Frame of Reference
1. What is a frame of reference?
system for specifying the precise location of objects in
space and time
http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php?topic=140
2. How is it used to measure motion?
9
Notation
Change in position
This symbol is used to indicate the starting
position of an object. “i” stands for initial.
This symbol is used to indicate the end
position of an object. “f” stands for final.
This symbol is used to indicate change in
position of an object.
1.
2.
3.
How
fast?
Calculating Velocity
Velocity is a speed in a given direction.
Velocity is calculated using a change in position
during a certain amount of time.
______________ = V (in a given direction)
Time
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DRb5PSxJerM
Complete this assignment
Due by
the end of
the period
WHOT Q
Frame of Reference
Force
and
Motion
2/4 Weekly Highlander Sheet
Objective: accurately and confidently
describe a position over time graph.
Responsibilities: Homework!!! Due
Friday!!!
Is displacement more like the length of a rope that is
pulled tight or the length of a coiled rope?
It is more like the rope that is pulled tight because it
measures the shortest distance between two points.
17
Distance
The length of the path between 2 points.
0……………………………….1 mile
Total distance?
1 mile
Total displacement?
1 mile
18
Displacement
Is the direction from the starting point and the
length of a straight line from the starting point to
the ending point.
0………………………………………….1 mile
Total distance:
2 miles
Total displacement
zero
19
How are displacements combined?
Displacements are combined using vector addition.
We added the 2 vectors for the car to calculate its total
displacement:
The car went 1 mile to the right
Then back one mile
For a total displacement of zero
1
-1
0
20
Set Up the Axes~
1.
Make x & y axes on a white board
2.
Label (y) North, label (–y) South
3.
Begin y axis at the far left almost to end of the right side of the
whiteboard.
4.
The X axis will be Time without units, and the Y axis North/South
without units.
N
Time
S
Jobs: Marker Person
1.
One person acts a marker person… you sit facing north with marker
in hand.
2.
Your job is to move the marker north or south at the same rate as
Mr. Pearson moves north or south, -also to stop/pause when I do.
3.
DO NOT move the marker left or right
4.
At the start the marker is place a zero time wherever the teacher is
standing on the north south line.
Jobs: Time Puller
1.
Another person is the “Time Puller”: This person stands at the –
East side of the table (left as facing North)
2.
Place the white board at arm’s length toward the middle of the
table, with just finger tips on it to get ready to pull toward them.
3.
When the graphing time starts- the Time Puller pulls board toward
them.
4.
As the teacher counts down and begins to move the time puller
slowly pulls the whiteboard toward them (east) at steady rate.
5.
DO NOT stop or slow down or speed up.
Let’s DO some graphing!
I will call out what I am doing
at each step.
Position-Time graphs with
Displacement
• The distance traveled by an object in a period of time often is expressed using a line
graph. A line graph visually conveys info using sets of data
Directions:
1. Make a graph, use graph paper. Label X-axis, Time (s) and Y-axis,
Position (m) &
2. Mark the following data points: (0,0), (2,25), (4, 50), (6,100), (8,180),
and (10, 200)
3. With a straight edge, connect the lines
4. Describe the motion shown on the graph
5. What’s the distance traveled? Displacement?
6. Calculate the speed.
25
WHOT Q
Draw a position and time graph for a ball
being thrown straight up in the air, and
coming back down
Think of your frame of reference…
Force
and
Motion
2/5 Weekly Highlander Sheet
Objective: Analyze position graphs to
match a scenario.
Responsibilities: Homework!!! Due
Friday!!! Quiz Friday!
(Side note, no one has come in to retake
their quiz from last week…)
Warm up
What is
distance?
What is
displacement?
3m
3m
Start
3m
End
Motion Graph
• Draw a graph (on graph paper)
• Label X-axis time (s) & Y-axis position (m)
• Graph the following coordinates
– (0,5), (5,10), (15,10), (20,10), (25, 25), (30,15)
Questions
1)
Describe the motion
2)
Find the speed between 0-5s and 15-20s
3)
What’s the distance traveled?
4)
What’s the displacement?
5)
Between what times was the motion the fastest?
30
Interpreting Graphs
WHOT Q
Write a story (like one you just read)
about yesterday’s WHOT Q graph
Warm Up
A halfback (m = 60 kg), a tight end (m = 90 kg), and
a lineman (m = 120 kg) are running down the
football field. Consider their ticker tape
patterns below.
Compare the velocities of these three players. How
many times greater are the velocity of the halfback
and the velocity of the tight end than the velocity of
the lineman?
Instantaneous or average?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pfTTHx9kCHk
Dimensional Analysis
How do I figure out how much…?
How much force do I exert on the floorand inevitably the Earth?
Weight = 124 lbs
Step 1 Step 2
124lbs 1N
.225lb
Step 3
=
1lb = 4.45 N
1N = .225 lb
1kg = 2.20 lb
1lb = .454kg
X what is in same line
…then ÷
Dimensional Analysis
How do I figure out how much…?
What is the mass of a 40 N cat?
Step 1
40N
Step 2
.225lb
Step 2
1N
1lb = 4.45 N
1N = .225 lb
1kg = 2.20 lb
1lb = .454kg
Step 3 Step 4
X what is on top
.454kg =
÷ what is on bottom
Step 3
1lb
Dimensional Analysis
How much force do I exert
on the floorand inevitably the Earth?
….Let’s just say I weigh 124
lbs
Ben Tooclose is being chased through the woods by a bull moose which
he was attempting to photograph. The enormous mass of the bull
moose is extremely intimidating. Yet, if Ben makes a zigzag pattern
through the woods, he swill be able to use the large mass of the moose
to his own advantage. Explain this in terms of inertia and Newton’s first
law of motion.
You are traveling in space and are working outside of your spaceship
making repairs. You accidentally throw your wrench. What happens to
the wrench? Why is this different from what would happen on earth?
You have just been to the grocery store and have several paper bags full
of groceries standing in the back of your van. You have to make a
sudden stop. What happens to the groceries and why?
Warm Up --interpretation of
velocity : time graph
Describe a story that would be represented by this motion
Force diagrams (see attached presentation pages)
Read first section of Hewitt reading out loud
Concept of net force
ID forces on a book sitting on a table
Discuss normal force
Use pillow and foam as props to show visible upward forces
Forces are measured in Newton’s-demo spring scale
ID forces on hanging object
Use bungees and string as props to show visible upward forces
nd
Newton’s 2 Law
Unbalanced forces cause change in motion
Diagrams of balanced and unbalanced forces and resulting motion
If time, weight vs mass
Give examples for homework from Hewitt on equilibrium
Warm Up:
Can you solve this math problem?
Use the Pythagorean Theorem
a2 +b2 = c2
How does this apply to Physics?
How far from the start is Anna?
In the Vector Addition Lab, Anna starts at the
classroom door and walks:
2.0 meters, West
12.0 meters, North
31.0 meters, West
8.0 meters, South
3.0 meters, East
What is Anna’s distance?
What is her displacement?
How far from the start is Anna?
WORK THIS PROBLEM…
In a grocery store, a shopper walks 36.7 feet down
an aisle. She then turns left and walks 17.0 feet
straight ahead. Finally, she turns right and walks 8.2
feet to a final destination.
(a) Determine the magnitude of the overall
displacement.
Optional (b) Determine the direction of the
displacement vector relative to the original line of
motion
A student drives his car 6.0 km, North before
making a right hand turn and driving 6.0 km to the
East. Finally, the student makes a left hand turn
and travels another 2.0 km to the north. What is
the magnitude of the overall displacement of the
student?
Vector quantityMagnitude and direction
Mac and Tosh are doing the Vector Walk Lab.
Starting at the door of their physics
classroom, they walk 2.0 meters, south. They
make a right hand turn and walk 16.0
meters, west. They turn right again and walk
24.0 meters, north. They then turn left and
walk 36.0 meters, west. What is the
magnitude of their overall displacement?
Vector quantityMagnitude and direction