Transcript Document

Explain what nanoparticles are, and suggest why some act as catalysts. [4]
Read the newspaper article.
Suggest why silver nanoparticles have different
properties to a lump of silver. [2]
Here are the sizes of some silver particles.
Two of them are nanoparticles.
Put rings around the two nanoparticles.
0.1nm
10nm
[1]
50nm 500nm 1000nm
How many nm are in a metre?
[1]
Skincare creams use nanotechnology
Nanoparticles are put in face creams
and sunscreens.
These creams are easy to apply and
invisible on the skin.
Some scientists are worried about the
effects of nanoparticles on the body.
At the moment it is impossible for
consumers to tell if the creams contain
nanoparticles.
Use your knowledge of
nanoparticles to explain why
some scientists may be
worried about the effects of
using these particles in
creams.
Suggest what actions should
be taken to reduce the
concerns of experts and
consumers. [6]
Nanoparticles are used in a wide variety of products.
Some scientists are worried about this.
Which two statements give reasons for their concern?
Put ticks () in the boxes next to the two correct answers. [2]
 Nanoparticles do not occur in nature.
 Nanoparticles have a smaller surface area than larger particles.
 The effects of nanoparticles have not yet been fully investigated.
 Nanoparticles are larger than 1000nm
 Nanoparticles may be harmful to health.
 Nanoparticles are too small to be seen by the unaided eye.
What are synthetic materials , and what advantages do they have over natural materials? [4]
Anna and Nick are investigating the
properties of vaulting poles.
They know flexibility is an important
property.
Write in the missing property to complete each sentence.
Scientists working for a shoe
company look at materials that
could be used to make walking
shoes.
The table shows some of the
properties of several materials used in
shoes.
The temperature at which a solid turns to a liquid. _________
The force needed to crush a material. _________
How well a material stands up to wear. _________
The mass of a given volume of material. _________
They support the pole at both ends as
shown in the diagram.
They hang a 200N weight from the
centre of the pole and measure how far
the pole bends.
They repeat this measurement five
times.
Suggest reasons why.
[1 mark each]
Draw lines to match each material to
its best property and to its use. [2]
Rubber
Can be moulded
Washing-up bowls
Plastic
Hard and elastic
Making clothes
Fibres
Can be woven
Car tyres
Choose which material would be
best for the upper and which
would be best for the sole of
these walking shoes. Explain your
choices. [6]
Petroleum gas and liquid fuel oil have very different boiling points.
Describe the sizes of the molecules in petroleum gas and fuel oil and explain why they boil at different temperatures. [4]
During the refining
process crude oil is
heated. The hydrocarbons
are vapourised and then
condensed into fractions.
Which of these statements
explains why this process
separates the hydrocarbons into
fractions?
Put ticks () in the boxes next to
the two best statements. [2]
Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons.
Name the two elements found in hydrocarbons.
elements ________ and _________ [1]
Compounds A, B, C, D and E are found in crude oil.
 The energy needed to break
The diagram shows a molecule of each of these five compounds.
molecules away from each other
decreases as they get bigger.
 The longer the hydrocarbon chains,
the larger the forces between them.
Which compound is not a hydrocarbon?
____ [1]
 All hydrocarbons boil at the same
Which compound has the largest forces between its molecules?
temperature.
____ [1]
 Small molecules are held together by
Which compound has the lowest boiling point? ____ [1]
larger forces than large molecules.
 Large molecules need more energy
to vapourise than small molecules.
 Small molecules boil at higher
Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons.
temperatures than large
It is refined to make chemicals that are used in different ways.
molecules.
Use the information below to
describe the link between the
size of the molecules in each
fraction and the temperature
at which the fraction boils.
Explain this pattern using ideas
about forces, molecular size
and the way in which
molecules are arranged in
liquids and gases. [6]
One way they are used is as raw materials, for example to make polymers.
Write down two other ways that chemicals from refined crude oil are used. [2]
Describe plasticisers and how they work. [4]
Modifying polymers
changes their properties.
Draw a straight line from each
change in property to the
modification and another straight
line from each modification to the
reason why it works. [3]
Ethene is the monomer for making polythene.
What is the name of the process for making poly(ethene) from
ethene? [1]
Students test two different
samples of polypropene.
Here are their measurements.
The diagram shows a polymer before and after modification.
The properties of polymers can be
changed by modifying their
structures.
What has been modified in this polymer?
Put a ring around the correct answer.
chain length cross linking crystallinity plasticizer
[1]
Suggest and explain why the two
samples of polypropene have
different properties. [6]
Long chain molecules in plastics can be modified to change their
properties.
What effect do the following modifications have on the melting point of a
plastic? Put a tick () in the correct box for each modification. [2]