Golden Ages of China

TANG & SONG DYNASTIES

SUI

CHAPTER 12: TANG & SONG DYNASTIES Reunification and Renaissance 220 CE.—Han dynasty ends 220-589—Era of Division 589-618—Sui dynasty 618-907—Tang dynasty 960-1279—Song dynasty 1279-1368—Mongol (Yuan) dynasty

REBUILDING THE IMPERIAL EDIFICE     6 th century—Sui dynasty comes to power under the rule of Wendi Rules with “Legalism” brutal rule. Reunites China after the fall of the Han Dynasty Wins widespread support by   Lowering taxes Establishing granaries (wards off famine)

• • • • GRAND CANAL One of the world's largest waterworks before modern times Purpose: bring abundant food supplies of the south to the north Linked the Yangtze and the Huang-Hi The canal integrated the economies of the south and north

SUI  Yangdi expands on his father’s foundations  Adopts Confuciusism rather then legalism  Milder legal code  Restoration of exam system  Promotion of scholar-gentry  Social order based on strict diarchy

DOWNFALL LOSS OF MANDATE OF HEAVEN  Excess, waste and wars lead to collapse  Grand Canal “Tour” Leads to Peasant Revolt  Yangdi assassinated in 618 by his own ministers

TWO GREAT DYNASTIES IN CHINA  During the Tang (618-907) and Song (960-1279) dynasties, China becomes the richest, powerful, and most advanced country in the world.

 Key Point:  Tang and Song China experienced an era of prosperity and technological innovation.

 Significance:  Chinese inventions from this period, such as printing, gunpowder, and the compass, changed history.

 The Tang Dynasty World View :   west along the Silk Road Silk Road – trading network with the west.

 The Song Dynasty World View:  looks east towards the sea

TRADE/FOREIGN CONTACTS  Silk Road  west; Tang Dynasty

TRADE/FOREIGN CONTACTS   Silk Road  west; Tang Dynasty Junks: ocean ships  east, Song Dynasty      Korea Japan India Persian Gulf east Africa

AGRICULTURE  imported fast-ripening rice from Vietnam

AGRICULTURE   imported fast-ripening rice from Vietnam allowed two crops each season instead of one

AGRICULTURE    imported fast-ripening rice from Vietnam allowed two crops each season instead of one fueled population increase

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY  mathematics flourished

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   mathematics flourished adopted the use of algebra and the concept of zero

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY    mathematics flourished adopted the use of algebra and the concept of zero invented movable type

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY     mathematics flourished adopted the use of algebra and the concept of zero invented movable type developed gunpowder

INVENTIONS OF TANG AND SONG CHINA

GOLDEN AGE OF ART  wealth, education, and urban culture = artistic achievement

GOLDEN AGE OF ART   wealth, education, and urban culture = artistic achievement great poetry  Li Bo and Du Fu

GOLDEN AGE OF ART    wealth, education, and urban culture = artistic achievement great poetry  Li Bo and Du Fu Three-color ware was one of the greatest contributions of the Tang Dynasty

GOLDEN AGE OF ART     wealth, education, and urban culture = artistic achievement great poetry  Li Bo and Du Fu Three-color ware was one of the greatest contributions of the Tang Dynasty.

Many figurines, predominantly horses and camels, were produced.

 Most of these pieces have been found in the more affluent tombs of the Tang period

THE TANG AND SONG DYNASTIES COMPARED

Tang Only

Expanded the empire, had a female ruler, adopted Buddhism

Both

Prospered through trade, improved agriculture, created great art and literature

Song Only

Ruled smaller empire, developed into great sea power, created paper money and movable type