Transcript The Holocaust - Cleona El School

The Holocaust
literally: “all-consuming fire”
The First Solution
1933-39
•Loss of citizenship
•Dismissal from government service
•Banning of kosher butchering
•Jewish lawyers disbarred
•Jewish doctors forbidden to practice medicine
The First Solution
1933-39
Discrimination
Jewish stores were boycotted
Books which did not support Nazi ideology
were burned at public rallies.
A Star of David was placed on Jews to
identify them for discrimination.
Kristallnacht (Nov 9 & 10, 1938)
Thousands of Jewish businesses,
cemeteries and schools were
destroyed or vandalized.
As many as 2,000 synagogues were
burned. And, Jews were blamed.
Kristallnacht, and later the German invasion of Poland, led to . . .
The Second Solution
1939-41
•Transfer of Jews to ghettos outside Germany
•Wealthy Jews had to pay for the eviction of
Jews from Austria and Czechoslovakia
•Most were moved to concentration camps in
Poland
The Second Solution
1939-41
Segregation
Polish Jews Rounded Up for Relocation
A shrunken head, hung in the
middle of Buchenwald
concentration camp to terrorize
prisoners.
Gold and silver teeth extracted from
Jews. Glasses were taken, too.
The German invasion of Russia, with its millions of Jews, led to . . .
The Final Solution
1941-45
•Mobile killing units in the Soviet Union
•“A more efficient method is needed.”
•Gas chambers to kill Jews; crematoria or open
pits to burn the dead bodies
•Shoes, gold teeth, hair, tattoos were harvested
off the Jews.
The Final Solution
1941-45
Annihilation
6,000,000 Jews were killed in the Holocaust.
Einsatzgruppen (SS troops) – Mobile killing units
800,000 victims’ shoes were found
at Majdanek death camp in Poland.
Timeline for Nazi Extermination Camps
(Kulmhof)
Chelmno
__________
December 7,
1941
Gas Vans
AuschwitzBirkenau
_______
September,
1941
Zyklon-B
_________
Killed
320,000
_________
Killed
1,200,000
*Belzek
________
March 17,
1942
Carbon
Monoxide
gas
________
Killed
600,000
*Sobibor
________
March, 1942
Carbon
Monoxide
gas
________
Killed
250,000
*Treblinka
__________
July 23, 1942
Carbon
Monoxide
gas
__________
Killed
700,000
Majdanek
_________
October,
1942
Carbon
Monoxide
and Zyklon B
gas
_________
Killed
1,380,000
Stutthof
_________
June, 1944
Zyklon-B gas
_______
Killed 65,000
Heinrich Himmler, head of
the Nazi death camps.
Auschwitz
As many as 3 million Jews were
brought here by rail, to be killed.
“Work makes you free.”
In a case in which a mother did not want to be separated from her
thirteen-year-old daughter, and bit and scratched the face of the SS
man who tried to force her to her assigned line, the SS doctor Josef
Mengele drew his gun and shot both the woman and the child.
Likewise at Auschwitz Dr. Herta Oberhauser killed children
with oil and evipan injections, removed their limbs and vital
organs, rubbed ground glass and sawdust into wounds.
One twin recalls the death of his brother: "Dr. Mengele had
always been more interested in Tibi. I am not sure why perhaps because he was the older twin. Mengele made
several operations on Tibi. One surgery on his spine left my
brother paralyzed. He could not walk anymore. Then they
took out his sexual organs. After the fourth operation, I did
not see Tibi anymore. I cannot tell you how I felt. It is
impossible to put into words how I felt. They had taken
away my father, my mother, my two older brothers - and
now, my twin ..."
Among the evidence of Nazi atrocities found at Buchenwald camp were
the tattooed skin of Jews, some of which was turned into a lamp shade.
The Allied armies who liberated
these camps in 1945 found many
dead, some of whom were not
buried or cremated . . . .
. . . Some Jews were still living – barely.
The Holocaust
This must never happen again.