Transcript Document

Friday November 14, 2014
Mr. Goblirsch – U.S. History
OBJECTIVE – Students Will Be Able To – SWBAT:
- Describe the Progressive presidencies of William H. Taft and
Woodrow Wilson.
AGENDA:
1)
2)
3)
4)
WARM-UP: “Tough to Follow” Journal
CONCEPT: Progressivism Under Taft
READING: Wilson’s New Freedom (P. 332)
INDEPENDENT PRACTICE: Wilson’s New Freedom
*****Ch. 9 Progressive Quiz TUESDAY*****
“Tough to Follow” WARM-UP:
(Follow the directions below)
***5 Minutes***
Write a paragraph journal entry on the topic below.
1. Think about the saying, “That’s a tough act to follow!” What does it
mean? Why is it tough to follow?
2. Give an example of when you, or someone else, had to follow
someone who had done a terrific job in a class or in a game.
Sec 4
COPY THE BLUE Onto
The Taft & Wilson Handout
SECTION 4: PROGRESSIVISM
UNDER PRESIDENT TAFT
• Republican William
Howard Taft easily
defeated Democrat William
Jennings Bryan to win the
1908 presidential election
1. Among his
accomplishments, Taft
“busted” 90 trusts during
his 4 years in office
Taft, right, was Roosevelt’s
War Secretary
TAFT LOSES POWER
• Taft was not popular
with the American
public nor reform
minded Republicans
• By 1910, Democrats
had regained control
of the House of
Representatives
Taft called the Presidency, “The
lonesomest job in the world”
Progressives Angry w/ Taft
Taft Didn’t Lower Tariffs
2a) Payne-Aldrich Tariff-Set Moderate
Tariffs
Conservationists Angry with Taft
Taft's Secretary of the Interior
2b) Richard A Ballinger Removed 1 Million
Acres of Forest & Mining Land Off
Reserve List
Republican Party Splits
3a) Bull Moose Party
Progressive Party
b) Nominates:
Theodore Roosevelt
c)
4) Election of 1912 Voters have 4 Choices
Woodrow Wilson (Dem) New Freedom
William H Taft (Rep) Conservatism
Teddy Roosevelt (BM) Progressivism
Eugene V. Debs (S) Socialist
Republican
Bull Moose
Democrats Win
WILSON ELECTED
Sec 5
Establish Strong Reforms Focused on
Trusts --Tariffs & Taxes -- High Finance
WILSON’S NEW FREEDOM
• As America’s newly
elected president,
Wilson moved to enact
his program, the “New
Freedom”
• He planned his attack on
what he called the triple
wall of privilege: trusts,
tariffs, and high finance
W. Wilson U.S. President
1912-1920
Trust Reforms
Clayton Anti Trust Act 1914
Prohibits a Corporation from Buying Stock
to Create a Monopoly
Federal Trade Commission
Protects the Consumer
Ends Unfair Business Practices
CLAYTON ANTITRUST ACT
• In 1914 Congress
enacted the Clayton
Antitrust Act which
strengthened the
Sherman Act
• The Clayton Act
prevented companies
from acquiring stock
from another company
(Anti-monopoly)
• The Act also supported
workers unions
FEDERAL TRADE
COMMISSION FORMED
Today the FTC has been working on
protecting consumers from ID theft
• The FTC was formed
in 1914 to serve as a
“watchdog” agency
to end unfair
business practices
• The FTC protects
consumers from
business fraud
Tariff & Tax Reforms
Underwood Act 1913 Lowered Tariff Rates
16th Amendment Graduated Fed Income Tax
Taxed Individuals & Corporations
FEDERAL INCOME TAX
ARRIVES
• Wilson worked hard to
lower tariffs, however
that lost revenue had
to be made up
• Ratified in 1916, the
16th Amendment
legalized a graduated
federal income tax
Banking Reforms
Fed Reserve System
Nation Divided into 12 Districts
One Central Bank for Each District
Serves the other Banks in the District
WOMEN WIN SUFFRAGE
• Native-born, educated,
middle-class women grew
more and more impatient
• Through local, state and
national organization,
vigorous protests and
World War I, women finally
realized their dream in
1920
The 19th Amendment gave women
the right to vote in 1920
19th Amendment 1919
Grants Women the Right to Vote
WWI Brings Progressive Era to an End
LIMITS OF PROGRESSIVISM
• While the
Progressive era was
responsible for many
important reforms, it
failed to make gains
for African
Americans
• Like Roosevelt and
Taft, Wilson retreated
on Civil Rights once
in office
The KKK reached a membership of 4.5
million in the 1920s
Progressive Era Review
Social & Moral
1) Women’s suffrage movement
2) Prohibition movement
3) Social services for women, children, & the poor
4) WEAKNESS: Lacked Civil Rights reform
Industry
1) End to child labor (National Child Labor Committee)
2) Workplace conditions improved & max work hours
Political
1) Elections reformed (direct primary)
2) Citizens given a greater voice (recall, initiative,
referendum)
Economic
1) Square Deal (trust busting, reforming big business)
2) New tax system
Health & Environment
1) Conservation = wilderness conservation & preserving
natural resources
2) Food sanitation laws passed to protect citizens