Transcript District heating and cooling companies of the old and new

Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
European District Heating
and District Cooling Market
Berlin/Leipzig, 10 May 2006
Thorsten Körner
Stadtwerke Leipzig GmbH
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
I. European Union
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Position of the district heating sector in the EU
District heat production and CHP
Fuel used in the EU district heating sector
District cold production in the EU
Ownership
II. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia
6.
7.
8.
9.
National energy strategies/laws/policies
Regulation at municipal level
Price regulation
Organisational and social problems
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
I. European Union
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Position of the district heating sector in the EU
District heat production and CHP
Fuel used in the EU district heating sector
District cold production in the EU
Ownership
II. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia
6.
7.
8.
9.
National energy strategies/laws/policies
Regulation at municipal level
Price regulation
Organisational and social problems
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
1. Position of the District Heating Sector in the EU
EU- District Heating Market
m inhabitants
25
20
15
10
5
w
e
C
ze d e
ch n
R
ep
.
E
st
on
ia
La
Li tvia
th
ua
ni
a
P
ol
a
S nd
lo
va
H kia
un
ga
r
S
lo y
ve
ni
a
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S
A
us
D tria
en
m
ar
Fi k
nl
an
Fr d
an
c
G
er e
m
an
G y
re
ec
e
N
e t Ital
he y
rla
nd
s
0
 The new EU members strengthened the position of the DH sector
 More than 60 m people (EU-8: over 20 m) use DH
 Poland is the leader in the European district heating as to number of users
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
1. Position of the District Heating Sector in the EU
EU-District Heating Market
U
Sw K
ed
en
Cz
ec
h
Re
p.
Es
to
ni
a
La
tv
ia
Li
th
ua
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d
Sl
ov
ak
Hu i a
ng
ar
y
Sl
ov
en
ia
Ita
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ly
th
er
la
nd
s
Au
str
ia
De
nm
ar
k
Fi
nl
an
d
Fr
an
ce
G
er
m
an
y
G
re
ec
e
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
 The new member states (EU-8) strengthened the position of the DH sector
 More than 60 m people (EU-8: over 20 m) use DH
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
I. European Union
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Position of the district heating sector in the EU
District heat production and CHP
Fuel used in the EU district heating sector
District cold production in the EU
Ownership
II. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia
6.
7.
8.
9.
National energy strategies/laws/policies
Regulation at municipal level
Price regulation
Organisational and social problems
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
2. District Heat Production and CHP
CHP share in DH production
GWh
120000
120%
100%
100000
80000
80%
60%
60000
40000
40%
20%
20000
0
U
Sw K
ed
en
Cz
ec
Es h
to
ni
a
La
t
Li via
th
ua
ni
a
Po
la
nd
Sl
ov
ak
Hu ia
ng
ar
Sl
y
ow
en
ia
Ne
Ita
ly
th
er
la
nd
s
Au
st
De ria
nm
ar
k
Fi
nl
an
d
Fr
an
ce
G
er
m
an
G y
re
ec
e
0%
 CHP is the most important key to improve energy use efficiency, to decrease the
environmental pollution and CO2-Emissions and to reduce fuel imports.
 In EU-8 countries the CHP use is lower than in the old countries.
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
I. European Union
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Position of the district heating sector in the EU
District heat production and CHP
Fuel used in the EU district heating sector
District cold production in the EU
Ownership
II. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia
6.
7.
8.
9.
National energy strategies/laws/policies
Regulation at municipal level
Price regulation
Organisational and social problems
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
3. Fuel used in the EU District Heating Sector
Fuel used i n t he " E ast E ur opean D H
Fue l use d i n t he "We st Eur ope a n D H
sect or "
se c t or "
21%
7%
coal
26%
24%
27%
coal
coal
oi l
oi l
Nat ur al Gas
Natur al Gas
42%
oi l
Nat ur al Gas
60%
7%
Fue l use d i n t he "EU D H se c t or "
30%
9%
ot her s
other s
ot her s
7%
30%
 The fuel mix for heat production in the EU remains less diversified than in the EU-8 states.
 There is a large dependency on gas for heat production in the Baltic States (Lithuania 82%,
Latvia 69%, Estonia 45%), Hungary (75%), Luxemburg (98%) and Netherlands (92 %).
 Coal is the main fuel for DH in Poland (84%), Slovakia (73%) and Germany (56%).
 EU-8 have a great technical potential for an increased use of renewable energy from
industrial waste heat and waste.
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
I. European Union
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Position of the district heating sector in the EU
District heat production and CHP
Fuel used in the EU district heating sector
District cold production in the EU
Ownership
II. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia
6.
7.
8.
9.
National energy strategies/laws/policies
Regulation at municipal level
Price regulation
Organisational and social problems
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
4. District Cold Production in the EU
ed
en
Sw
et
he
rl a
nd
s
N
Ita
ly
an
y
er
m
G
Fr
an
ce
Fi
nl
an
d
C
ze
ch
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
Au
st
ria
MW
District Cooling capacity (2003)
 District cold is an efficient tool for providing comfortable indoor cooling in the
summer time.
 District cold production expands in Sweden, Norway, Italy and Spain, in the EU-8 the
district cooling does practically not exist.
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
I. European Union
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Position of the district heating sector in the EU
District heat production and CHP
Fuel used in the EU district heating sector
District cold production in the EU
Ownership
II. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia
6.
7.
8.
9.
National energy strategies/laws/policies
Regulation at municipal level
Price regulation
Organisational and social problems
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
5. Ownership

In Austria, Finland, Hungary, Latvia and Poland district
heating utilities are mainly owned by municipal authorities.

Austria and Germany have municipal multi-utilities (for gas,
district heating, electricity and water supply).

The changes in the energy market (caused by EU
directives) brought some new trends in the district heating
sector (f.e. privatisations, vertically integration, public
private partnership).
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
I. European Union
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Position of the district heating sector in the EU
District heat production and CHP
Fuel used in the EU district heating sector
District cold production in the EU
Ownership
II. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia
6.
7.
8.
9.
National energy strategies/laws/policies
Regulation at municipal level
Price regulation
Organisational and social problems
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
6. National Energy Strategies/Laws/Policies
National
Energy
Strategy
Energy
Law
CHP
Law
Heat
Law
Energy
Efficiency
Law
Poland
01/2005
Yes
No
No
No
Latvia
09/1997
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Region
Kaliningrad,
Russia
2001
Yes
No
Seg. Leg
Seg. Leg
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
No
Seg. Leg
Bonus for
CHP electr. by 2010
Greece
Germany
effective
2004
No, but
Seg. Leg.
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Support CHP
purchasing obligation
"only"
purchasing obligation
and tax support
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
I. European Union
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Position of the district heating sector in the EU
District heat production and CHP
Fuel used in the EU district heating sector
District cold production in the EU
Ownership
II. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia
6.
7.
8.
9.
National energy strategies/laws/policies
Regulation at municipal level
Price regulation
Organisational and social problems
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
7. Regulations on municipal levels
Poland
 Implementation of own energy plans
 Ownership of the district heating networks
Latvia
 Organisation of the heat supply within the municipalities
 Creation of preconditions for a rational use of local energy
 17 municipal district heating price regulators
Greece
 Regional operational programmes
Germany
 Energy is a part of the local planning (energy concepts)
 Local authorities are responsible for local electricity, gas,
district heating and water supply
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
I. European Union
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Position of the district heating sector in the EU
District heat production and CHP
Fuel used in the EU district heating sector
District cold production in the EU
Ownership
II. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia
6.
7.
8.
9.
National energy strategies/laws/policies
Regulation at municipal level
Price regulation
Organisational and social problems
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
8. Price Regulation
DH Prices / Tariffs (2003)
60
€/MWh
50
40
30
20
10
0
Au
ria
st
e
D
ar
nm
k
n
s
d
y
d
ia
ia
p.
ry
ia
ia
d
e
n
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k
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v
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n
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a
a
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a
ed sto
va
la
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nl
m
ua Pol
i
r
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o
w
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h
l
e
F
E
t
e
c
S
S
H
h
G
Li
ze
et
C
N
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
I. European Union
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Position of the district heating sector in the EU
District heat production and CHP
Fuel used in the EU district heating sector
District cold production in the EU
Ownership
II. Comparison Germany/Poland/Latvia/Greece/Russia
6.
7.
8.
9.
National energy strategies/laws/policies
Regulation at municipal level
Price regulation
Organisational and social problems
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
9. Organisational and Social Problems
3000
2500
€
2000
Monthly gross salary
1500
Yearly costs for DH
1000
500
0
ia
ry
n
a
ng
ua
h
u
t
H
Li
i
tv
a
L
a
nd
a
l
Po
S
ia
k
va
lo
a
ni
o
t
Es
m
er
G
y
an
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
9. Organisational and Social Problems
Generally
 Situation has changed dramatically after the transformation.
Poland
 50 % of primary energy is being utilized for heat production.
 The purchase power indicator in Poland is 40 % higher than
in EU.
 The ownership and organisational transformation in
the district heating sector proceeds slow and has not been
finished yet.
Germany
 The social acceptance of DH is high.
 Unbundling process has an influence on the DH sector.
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
9. Organisational and Social Problems
Region Kaliningrad

Discrepancy between actual investment needs and financial
possibilities.

Decrease in reliability.

Lack of long term investments resources.
Latvia

High non-payment level (70-90%).

DH tariffs are used as a political instrument (e. g. before
elections).

Obstacles for the development of co-generation.
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY
Gefördert durch die Europäische Union
Promoted by the European Union
Summary
1
The position of DH sector in the EU strengthened
2
EU brought bout changes in the national heat policies
3
In some of the EU-8 countries huge dependence on Gas from
Russia is existent
4
Poland is the „EU-Leader“
5
Co-generation and new technologies are the keys for improving
efficiency
6
Municipals ownership dominates the DH market in the EU
7
DH tariffs make investments in improving of efficiency difficult
INTERREG IIIC - REGENERGY