Transcript Classical Conditioning

Learning
A relatively permanent
change in behavior brought
about by experience.
Classical Conditioning
Ivan Pavlov
Russian Physiologist
Pavlovian Psychology
Father of Classical Conditioning
Studied the principles of conditioning for
over 30 years
Classical Conditioning

Ivan Pavlov
 1849-1936
 Russian physician/
neurophysiologist
 Nobel Prize in 1904
 studied digestive
secretions
Classical Conditioning

Pavlov’s device
for recording
salivation
Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning
 organism comes to associate two
stimuli
 a neutral stimulus that signals an
unconditioned stimulus begins to
produce a response that anticipates and
prepares for the unconditioned
stimulus
Classical Conditioning
Powerful Unconditioned Stimulus =
Food
Classical Conditioning
Unconditioned Response to the
presentation of food = Salivation
Classical Conditioning
UCS = Food
UCR = Salivation
Classical Conditioning
N S = Tuning Fork (Bell)
Classical Conditioning
Neutral Stimulus
Associated With
Unconditioned Stimulus
Classical Conditioning
C S = Tuning Fork
Elicits C R = Salivation
Classical Conditioning
UCS
Food
UCR
Salivation
NS
Tuning Fork
CS
Tuning Fork
CR
Salivation
Classical Conditioning
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1. While you were taking your first
shower in the dorms, someone
flushed a nearby toilet. Now,
whenever you hear a flush while you
are showing, you jump out of the
way.
UCS ___ UCR___NS___ CS___ CR___
Classical Conditioning

2. People receiving chemotherapy
often vomit during or shortly after
the procedure. After several
chemotherapy sessions, they begin
feeling sick as soon as they enter the
treatment room.

UCS ___ UCR___NS___ CS___ CR___
Classical Conditioning
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3. Eating Mom’s wonderful cookies
always makes your mouth water. To
guarantee you do get to eat the cookies,
you hide them in your zippered duffle
bag in your closet. Now just the sound of
unzipping the duffle makes your mouth
water.

UCS ___ UCR___NS___ CS___ CR___
Classical Conditioning

4. No-so-clever Margo drank many shots
of Rootbeer Schnapps and the alcohol
made her really sick. The next day she
popped a rootbeer candy in her mouth,
but immediately had to spit out because it
made her feel so nauseated.

UCS ___ UCR___NS___ CS___ CR___
Classical Conditioning

5. You’re involved in a passionate
relationship. Whenever you and
your “mate” make-out (and get
turned on), you play your special CD.
Now just hearing that music makes
you get aroused.

UCS ___ UCR___NS___ CS___ CR___
Classical Conditioning

6. Mikey cried after receiving a painful
vaccination from a nurse in a white jacket.
The next week his mother couldn’t
understand why Mikey burst out in tears
when the barber (in white jacket)
welcomed them to his shop.

UCS ___ UCR___NS___ CS___ CR___
Classical Conditioning
UCS
(passionate
kiss)
CS
(onion
breath)
CS
(onion
breath)
UCR
(sexual
arousal)
UCS
(passionate
Kiss)
CR
(sexual
arousal)
UCR
(sexual
arousal)

Expanding Pavlov’s Research
– Generalization
• 2 or more stimuli responded to in similar way
– example = whistle, bell , beards
– Discrimination
• making distinctions between 2 stimuli
– Extinction
• response weakens or disappears
– Spontaneous Recovery
•Revival of an extinguished response
Behaviorism

John B. Watson
 viewed psychology as
objective science
 generally agreed-upon
consensus today
 recommended study of
behavior without reference
to unobservable mental
processes
 not universally accepted by
all schools of thought today
JB Watson
‘Baby Albert Experiment’
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Radical Behaviorism
Turn of Century
Watson argued that humans do not act on
their own. Humans wait to be stimulated
like mechanical toys. Watson believed that
the role of psychology was to figure out how
the human machine worked.
Radical Behaviorism

Watson.....
– “Give me a dozen healthy infants, wellformed, and my own specified world to
bring them up in, and I’ll guarentee to take
any one at random and train him to become
any type of specialist I select -- doctor,
lawer, artist, beggar-man and their,
regardless of his talents, tendencies,
abilities, vocations.
Baby Albert
unconditioned
stimulus
Loud Noise
unconditioned response
Fear
Baby Albert
Neutral Stimulus
Baby Albert
Conditioned stimulus elicits
the Conditioned Response
Baby Albert
Watson and Baby Albert