Transcript Light Search & Rescue Operations

Light Search & Rescue
Operations
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Search And Rescue - (SAR)
• Begins with a personal
assessment
– Family
– Friends
– Co-workers
• Two separate functions
– Search
– Rescue
Components of SAR
• Tools
– Availability
– Needs of the incident
• Rescuers
– Trained personnel
– Volunteers
• Time
– GOLDEN DAY
TIME
GOLDEN DAY
First 24-hour period following a disaster victims
have an 80% chance of survival if rescued.
Equipment
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Crowbars
Auto jacks
Chain Saws
2X4 & 4X4 Posts
Campers/Trailers
Motorcycles
Bicycles
Generators
Personnel Resources
• Neighborhood
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Firefighters
Police
Nurse
MD
Plumbers
Contractors
Carpenters
• Workplace
– Skills
– Hobbies
• Military Experience
– Heavy Equipment
SAR
Goal
• Rescue the greatest number of people in the shortest
amount of time.
• Rescue lightly trapped victims first.
Types of Occupancies
• Construction Types
– Safety Considerations
• Use
– Determine Risk
– Occupant Load
• Create an Action Plan
Size-up - Continuous analysis of facts
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Time of Day
Day of Week
Occupancy Type
Weather
– Rescue
complications
– Affect on victims
& rescuers
Size-up - Construction Type
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Wood Framed
Masonry
Concrete Tilt-up
Steel (High-Rise)
Pre-1933
General Hazards
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Electrical
Natural gas
Water
Hazardous Materials
Biological Hazards
Structural Damage Categories
• LIGHT
– Safe to enter and remain
• MODERATE
– Hazardous to enter
– Enter only to save lives
• HEAVY
– Unsafe for CERT trained members to enter
– Contact professional rescuers
Light Damage
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Superficial
Cosmetics
Fallen plaster
Small cracks
Primary damage to
contents of structure
Moderate
Damage
• Structural stability
questionable
• Fractures greater
than 1/4”
• Significant Tilting
• Foundation
Movement or
Displacement
Heavy Damage
 Partial or total wall
collapse
 Ceiling failure
 Obvious structural
instability
 X-cracking
X - CRACKING
• Questionable Stability
• Don’t enter
• Beware of the impact
zone
Size-up Discussion
Single Family Home - Pre-1933
 Foundation
Movement
– Not bolted down
– Cripple wall failure
 Utilities
– Utility lines shear
when home moves
off foundation
 Porches
– Attached parts of
homes will detach
 Moderate damage
expected