Transcript Document

The Early Middle Ages
Section 3
The Feudal and Manorial Systems
Preview
• The Feudal System
• Quick Facts: Feudal Obligations
• The Manorial System
• Daily Life in the Middle Ages
The Early Middle Ages
Section 3
The Feudal and Manorial Systems
Main Idea
In Europe during the Middle Ages, the feudal and manorial
systems governed life and required people to perform certain
duties and obligations.
Questions we will answer!!!
• What duties and obligations were central to the feudal system?
• How did the manorial system govern the medieval economy?
• What was daily life like for people on a manor?
Section 3
The Early Middle Ages
The Feudal System
Origins of Feudalism
• Feudalism originated partly as
result of Viking, Magyar,
Muslim invasions
• Kings unable to defend their
lands, lands of their nobles
• Nobles had to find way to
defend own lands
• Built castles_______________
• Not elaborate structures; built
of wood, used as place of
shelter in case of attack
Knights and Lords
• Nobles needed trained
soldiers to
______________________
• Knights most important,
highly skilled soldiers
• Being a knight - expensive;
had to maintain weapons,
armor, horses
• Knights demanded
_____________for services
The Early Middle Ages
Section 3
Fiefs and Vassals
Knights were usually paid for their services with
___________
• Land given to knight for service was called a __________
– Anyone accepting fief was called a ____________
– Person from whom he accepted fief was his lord
• Historians call system of exchanging land for service the
feudal system, or __________________
The Early Middle Ages
Section 3
Feudal Obligations
Oath of Fealty
• Lords, vassals in feudal system had duties
to fulfill to one another
• Knight’s chief duty as vassal to provide
____________________to his lord
• Had to promise to remain loyal; promise
called oath of fealty
The Early Middle Ages
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Section 3
The Early Middle Ages
A Complicated System
Lord and Vassal
• Europe’s feudal system
incredibly complex
• Person could be both a
_____________________
• Some knights with large
fiefs gave small pieces of
land to other knights,
created many levels of
obligations
-One knight could serve
many lords; no
prohibition against
knight accepting fiefs
from more than one
noble
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The Early Middle Ages
Fealty to King
• Almost everyone in
system served
_______ _______
____ ________
• Theoretically,
everyone supposed to
be loyal to the king
• In practice, ____
__________ _______
• Some powerful nobles
as strong as kings
they were supposed to
serve, ____________
duties as vassals
Section 3
The Early Middle Ages
The Manorial System
The feudal system was a political and social system. A related system
governed medieval economics. This system was called the
_________ system because it was built around large estates called
___________.
Serfdom
Lords, Peasants, and Serfs
-Manors owned by wealthy
lords, knights
• Peasants farmed manor
fields
• Were given protection,
plots of land to cultivate
for selves
• Most peasants on farm
were ________, tied to
manor
• _____ ________, could
not be sold away from
manor
• But could not leave, marry
without lord’s permission
The Early Middle Ages
Section 3
A Typical Manor
• Most of manor’s land occupied by
fields for crops, pastures for animals
• Middle Ages farmers learned that
leaving field _________ for year
improved _________.
• In time, practice developed into threefield _______ __________ system
The Early Middle Ages
Section 3
Daily Life in the Middle Ages
Life in a Castle
• Life in Middle Ages not easy, did not have comforts we have today
• Early castles built for ____________ not ___________.
• Few windows, stuffy in summer, cold in winter, _________ always
Bedrooms
• In early castles, noble family bedrooms separated from
main area by sheets
• Later castles had separate bedrooms; latrines near
bedrooms
• Wooden bathtub outside in warm weather, inside near
fireplace in winter
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The Early Middle Ages
Space
• Nobles had to share
space with others,
including soldiers,
servants
• Private rooms _______
________
• Main room - the hall, large
room for dining,
entertaining
The Early Middle Ages
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The Early Middle Ages
Section 3
Life in a Village
Despite discomforts, life in a castle was
preferable to life in a village. The typical
village family lived in a small wooden
_____________ house. The roof was
made of straw, the floor of _____, and
the furniture of rough wood. Open
holes in the walls served as windows.
The Early Middle Ages
Bedrooms
• Most families slept on
beds of straw
_____________
• All shared one room with
each other, __________
• Most glad to have animals
to provide __________
________in cold winters
Section 3
Meals
• Peasant families cooked -meals over open fire in
middle of floor
• Typical meal: brown
bread, cheese,
vegetables, occasionally
meat
• No _____________,
house often full of smoke;
fires common