Transcript FiBL - organic

Organic Agriculture Worldwide
Key results from the global survey on
organic agriculture 2011
Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick, Switzerland, in cooperation with the
International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements IFOAM
Supported by: Swiss State Secretariat of Economic Affairs, International Trade Centre, NürnbergMesse
Data as published February 2011 in The World of Organic Agriculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends 2011
For updates check www.organic-world.net
Contact: Helga Willer, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture, FiBL, Frick, Switzerland, [email protected]
The Global Survey on Organic Agriculture:
Supporters
› International Trade Centre, Geneva
› The Swiss State Secretariat of
Economic Affairs SECO, Berne
› Nürnberg Messe, the organizers of the
BioFach Organic Trade Fair
www.fibl.org
The World of Organic Agriculture 2011
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The 12th edition of ‚The World of Organic
Agriculture‘, was published by FiBL and
IFOAM in February 2011.*
Contents:
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Results of the survey on organic agriculture
worldwide;
Organic agriculture in the regions and
country reports;
Armenia, Australia, Canada, Chile, China,
Costa Rica, Indonesia, Kazakhstan,
Republic of Korea, Pacific Islands,
Switzerland, Tunisia, Uganda, United
States and Ukraine.
Chapters on the global market, standards &
legislations, voluntary standards and
organic beekeeping
Numerous tables and graphs.
The book can be ordered via IFOAM.org
and shop.FiBL.org.
*Willer, H, and Kilcher, L. (2011) The World
of Organic Agriculture. Statistics and
Emerging Trends 2011. IFOAM, Bonn, and
FiBL, Frick
www.fibl.org
Website www.organic-world.net
› Detailed statistics
in excel format
(in progress)
› Graphs & Maps
› Data revisions
› News and
background
information
www.fibl.org
About this presentation
› This presentations summarizes the key results of the
FiBL/IFOAM survey on organic agriculture worldwide
2011 (data 2009). In addition key results on crop and on
regional data are presented.
› More information is available at the password area of
www.organic-world.net
› The presentations has 4 main chapters:
1. Data background and key data on organic agriculture: Land,
producers, market data 2009
2. Organic agriculture in developing countries 2009
3. Land use and key crops in organic agriculture 2009
4. Organic agriculture in the regions
www.fibl.org
Data background and key data on organic
agriculture: Land, producers, market data 2009
The 12th Survey on organic agriculture worldwide
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The 12th survey on organic agriculture worldwide was carried out by the
Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL and the International
Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements IFOAM.
The survey was carried out between July 2010 and February 2011.
Data were received from 160 countries (2008: 154 countries).
New countries included: Belarus, Channel Islands, Cook Islands,
Grenada, Haiti, Myanmar.
Updated data on area and producers were available for 142 countries.,
Data were provided by almost 200 country experts (representatives from
NGOs, certification bodies, governments, researchers).
The following data were collected:
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Area data (including land use and crop details);
Producers, other operator types;
Domestic market values;
Exports and imports.
The results are published in the yearbook ‘The World of Organic
Agriculture 2011’ and at www.organic-world.net.
www.fibl.org
Countries and territories covered by the global
survey on organic agriculture 2009
Countries with
data on organic
agriculture
Countries per
region
Share of
countries
that provided
data (%)
67%
Africa
38
57
Asia
37
49
76%
Europe
45
46
98%
South & Central
America,
Caribbean
North America
29
45
64%
2
5
40%
Oceania
9
13
69%
160
214
75%
World
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
8
Organic data collection systems world-wide 2009 for data on
area, operators and production (total 160 countries)
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55;
34%
70;
44%
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35;
22%
Government
www.fibl.org
Government collection systems
(70 countries)
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Private collection systems (35
countries)
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Data from the certifiers
Company data
No collection system (55
countries)
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Private
Data from the certifiers
Census/farm structure survey
Direct payments
No collection system
Source: FiBL and IFOAM Survey 2011
FiBL and IFOAM collect the
data from the international
certifiers
International certifiers that provided data for
several countries (2009 data)
www.fibl.org
Networks, transnational data collection efforts
www.fibl.org
General notes on the data
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Data sources: For data sources see annex to The World of Organic
Agriculture 2011.
Countries: For countries and areas, FiBL and IFOAM used the Standard
Country and Area Codes Classifications as defined by the United Nations
Statistics division.
Term organic: In the tables, the term organic refers to the fully converted
and in-conversion areas.
Share of total agricultural land: In some cases the calculation of the
shares of organic agricultural land, based on the Eurostat and FAOSTAT
data, might differ from the organic shares obtained from ministries or local
experts.
Producers: Some countries report the number of smallholders, and others
only the numbers of companies, projects or grower groups, which may each
comprise a number of producers.
Data revisions: Should data revisions and correction become necessary
these are communicated at the data revision pages of Organic-World.net.
http://www.organic-world.net/revisions.html
www.fibl.org
Key data/indicators on organic agriculture
world-wide 2009
› 160 countries have data on organic agriculture (up from
154).
› 37.2 million hectares of agricultural land are organic
(including conversion areas).
› The organic agricultural land increased by 2 million
hectares or six percent.
› 7 countries have more than ten percent organic
agricultural land, 17 countries have between 5 and 10
percent.
› There are 41.9 million hectares of further, non agricultural
areas (up from 31.1 million hectares)
› 1.8 million producers were reported (up from 1.4 million)
www.fibl.org
Definition of organic areas
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Agricultural land (37.2 million
hectares in 2009)
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Non-agricultural areas (41.9
million hectares in 2009)
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www.fibl.org
Cropland
› Arable land (cereals, vegetables
etc.)
› Permanent crops (fruit, grapes,
olives …)
› Cropland, no details (=arable land
and permanent crops)
Permanent grassland
Other agricultural land
Wild collection/Bee keeping
Forest
Aquaculture
Grazing areas on non-agricultural land
Organic agricultural land by region 2009
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Currently 37.2 million hectares are under organic agricultural
management (end of 2009 for most data).
The region with the most organic agricultural land is
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Oceania, with 12.15 million hectares, followed by
Europe with almost 9.3 million hectares,
Latin America (8.6 million hectares),
Asia (3.6 million hectares),
North America (2.7 million hectares), and
Africa (more than 1 million hectares).
Oceania has almost one-third of the global organic agricultural land,
but its relative importance is decreasing. Europe, a region that has
had a very constant growth of organic land over the years, has one
quarter of the world’s organic agricultural land. The share of Latin
America is slightly lower than that of Europe (23 percent).
In addition to the agricultural land, there are 41.9 million hectares of
non-agricultural areas, mainly wild-collection.
www.fibl.org
1
Organic agricultural land and other organic
areas 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
Distribution of organic agricultural land by
region 2009
7.1%
2.8%
Oceania
32.6%
9.6%
Europe
Latin America
Asia
Northern America
23.0%
Africa
24.9%
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
The countries with the most organic agricultural
land 2009
› Australia is the country with the most organic agricultural
land, 97 percent of which is extensive grazing area.
› Argentina is second, followed by the United States in third
place.
› The ten countries with the most organically managed
land have a combined total of 27.5 million hectares,
constituting three quarters of the world’s organic
agricultural land.
www.fibl.org
World: The ten countries with the most organic
agricultural land 2009
Australia
Argentina
USA (2008)
China (2008)
Brazil (2007)
Spain
India
Italy
Germany
Uruguay (2006)
12.00
4.40
1.95
1.85
1.77
1.33
1.18
1.11
0.95
0.93
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Million Hectares
Argentina, US and Uruguay: Only fully converted areas
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private organic
sector and certifiers.
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Share of organic land of total agricultural area
2009
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The share of the world’s organic agricultural of all agricultural land is
0.85 percent.
By region, the share is highest in Oceania (2.8 percent), followed by
Europe with 1.9 percent and Latin America with 1.4 percent. In the 27
countries of the European Union, the share of organically managed
land is more than 4.7 percent. In the other regions, the share of
organically managed land is less than one percent.
Seven countries have more than 10 percent organic land and 17
countries have between 5 and 10 percent organic land.
However, 68 percent of the countries for which data are available
have less than one percent organic agricultural land.
The country with the highest share is the Falkland Islands (Malvinas),
where several large sheep farms are working organically, followed by
Liechtenstein (26.9 percent) and Austria (18.5 percent).
It is interesting to note that many island states have high shares.
www.fibl.org
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The ten countries/areas with the highest shares
of organic agricultural land 2009
Falklands (Malvinas)
35.7%
Liechtenstein
26.9%
Austria
18.5%
Sweden
12.6%
French Guiana
11.7%
Switzerland
10.8%
Estonia
10.5%
Czech Republic
9.4%
Latvia
9.0%
Italy
8.9%
0%
www.fibl.org
10%
20%
30%
Share of total agricultural land
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments,
organic sector organisations and certifiers.
40%
Distribution of organic shares of the total
agricultural areas 2009 (total countries 160)
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM 2011
Shares of some key crops of the respective total area
(2009)
(not for all countries with data on organic farming land use data were available)
Coffee
5.6%
Olives
4.7%
Cocoa
3.1%
Grapes
2.4%
Nuts
2.0%
Tea
1.7%
0%
www.fibl.org
2%
4%
Share of total agricultural land
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments,
organic sector organisations and certifiers.
6%
Growth of the organic agricultural land 2009
› Compared with the revised data from 2008, the organic
agricultural land increased by more than two million
hectares, or by six percent in 2009.
› Compared with 1999, when data on organic agriculture
worldwide were available for the first time the organic
agricultural land has more than trebled.
www.fibl.org
24
Growth of the organic agricultural land 20002009 by region
Table: Growth of the organic agricultural land by region 2000-2009 in million hectares
Region
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
In Million hectares
Africa
0.05
0.23
0.32
0.36
0.52
0.49
0.69
0.86
0.86
1.03
Asia
0.06
0.42
0.42
0.50
3.78
2.68
3.00
2.89
3.35
3.58
Europe
4.50
5.43
5.80
6.13
6.35
6.76
7.27
7.76
8.27
9.26
Latin
America
Northern
America
Oceania
3.92
4.77
5.75
5.96
5.22
5.06
4.95
6.41
8.07
8.56
1.06
1.28
1.26
1.41
1.72
2.22
1.79
2.29
2.58
2.65
5.31
5.31
6.25
11.30
12.18
11.81
12.43
12.07
12.11
12.15
14.90
17.44
19.81
25.65
29.76
29.01
30.13
32.31
35.23
37.23
Total
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/IFOAM/SOEL Surveys 2000- 2011
World: Development of organic agricultural land
1999-2009
10
5
37.2
32.4
30.1
25.6
19.8
17.5
15
14.9
20
11.0
Million hectares
25
29.0
30
29.8
35
35.2
40
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL, IFOAM and SOEL 2000-2011
World: Development of organic agricultural land
by region 1999-2009
40
Oceania
In Million hectares
35
Northern America
30
Latin America
25
Europe
Asia
20
Africa
15
10
5
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL, IFOAM and SOEL 2000-2011
World: Development of organic agricultural land
2007 to 2009 by geographical region
2009
8.6
9.3
8.1
6
6.4
7.6
8
8.2
10
12.2
2008
12.1
2007
0
Africa
www.fibl.org
Asia
Europe
Latin
America
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Surveys 2009-2011
2.7
2.5
2.2
3.6
3.3
2.9
2
0.9
1.0
4
0.9
Million hectares
12
12.1
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Northern
America
Oceania
The ten countries with the highest INCREASE of
organic agricultural land 2008-2009
Argentina
+390'825
Turkey
+216'444
Spain
+200'931
India
+161'530
Italy
+104'270
France
+93'494
Canada
+75'122
Sierra Leone
+71'512
Chile
+68'553
Czech Republic
+56'775
0
100'000
200'000
300'000
400'000
Hectares
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from
governments, the private organic sector and certifiers
500'000
Further organic areas
› Apart from the organic agricultural land there are further
organic areas, the largest part of these are wild collection
areas and areas for beekeeping,
› Further areas are aquaculture, forest and grazing areas
on non-agricultural land.
› It should be noted, that many countries do not report
these areas, as they only communicate the agricultural
land.
› The total area for these areas was 41.9 million hectares,
constituting an increase of 10 million hectares compared
with 2008.
› Large increases of wild collection and beekeeping areas
occurred in Cameroon and Russia.
www.fibl.org
Wild collection and beekeeping areas
› 45.5 million hectares of wild collection and bee-keeping
areas were reported for 2009.
› The wild collection / bee-keeping areas are more or less
evenly distributed over four regions: Africa, Asia, Europe
and Latin America, reflecting quite a different pattern than
that for agricultural land.
› The collection of wild harvested crops is defined in the
IFOAM Basic Standards (IFOAM 2006), and wild
collection activities are regulated in organic laws.
www.fibl.org
Development of organic agricultural land and
other organic areas 1999 to 2009
40
35
Hectares
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
11.0
4.1
14.9
5.6
17.5
21.0
19.8
19.8
25.6
22.5
29.8
26.7
29.0
27.0
30.1
30.6
32.4
31.4
35.2
31.8
37.2
41.9
45
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Agricultural land
www.fibl.org
Other areas (Wild collection, bee keeping, aquaculture, forest, grazed non-agricultural land)
Source: FiBL /IFOAM/SÖL 2000-2011
Distribution of organic wild collection areas by
region 2009
0.5%
Africa
10.2%
Europe
39.6%
Latin America
20.4%
Asia
Northern America
29.4%
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
Organic wild collection: The ten countries with the
largest wild collection areas (including bee-keeping)
2009
Finland
Brazil (2007)
Cameroon
Zambia
India
Namibia
Russian Federation
Bolivia (2006)
China
Argentina
Morocco
7.80
6.18
6.00
5.91
3.36
3.00
2.16
1.03
0.76
0.72
0.62
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Million hectares
www.fibl.org
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private
organic sector and certifiers
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Organic producers 2009
› For the current survey, a total of 1.8 million organic producers
was reported,
› This is an increase of more than 0.4 million compared with
2008.
› In India, the number of organic producers almost doubled in
2009.
› According to the data obtained, more than three quarters of
the producers are located in Asia, Africa and Latin America.
› The country with the most producers is India, followed by
Uganda and Mexico.
› It should be noted that not all certifiers reported the number of
producers; their number is probably higher than 1.8 million.
www.fibl.org
The ten countries with the largest numbers of
organic producers 2009
India
677'257
Uganda
187'893
Mexico
128'862
Ethiopia
101'578
Tanzania
85'366
Peru
54'904
Italy
43'029
Turkey
35'565
Burkina F.
27'748
Spain
25'291
0
www.fibl.org
200'000
400'000
600'000
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the
organic sector and certifiers
800'000
Organic producers by geographical region 2009
(total: 1.8 million)
1% 1%
14%
Asia
Africa
40%
Latin America
Europe
Northern America
Oceania
16%
28%
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM 2011
World: Development of organic producers 19992009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL, IFOAM & SOEL 1999-2011
The global market for organic food and
beverages 2009
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In 2009, the global market for certified
organic food and drink was estimated to be
54.9 billion US Dollars or approximately 40
billion Euros (average exchange rate 2009,
Sahota (2011).
The volume of the turnover with organic
products has more than trebled since 1999,
when it was estimated to be 15 billion US
Dollars. With the economic crisis growth
slowed down in 2009 in many countries, or
stagnated (Germany), but some countries
showed healthy growth also in 2009, for
instance France (+19 percent) or Norway
(+10 percent).
More than ninety percent of the organic
product revenues is made in the Northern
hemisphere. Europe accounts for 48 percent
of the global organic food sales; North
America for 48.1 percent (data 2009)
Sahota 2011
www.fibl.org
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In 2009, the by far largest market was the
United States with 17.8 billion Euros of organic
food sales, followed by Germany with 5.8 billion
and France with 3 billion Euros .
In 2009, the countries with the highest market
shares for organic food were Denmark (7.2
percent), followed by Austria (6 percent) and
Switzerland (5.2 percent).
These are also the countries that have the
highest annual per capita consumption :
Denmark (139 Euros), Switzerland (132 Euros).
Shares that are reached for some products and
product groups are, however, considerably
higher as is shown by data that some countries
provide. In Switzerland 17 percent of the eggs
sold in the general retail trade are organic, 13
percent of the bread and 11 percent of the
vegetables. The most popular organic product
groups are fresh fruit and vegetables, dairy
products and bakery wares.
Compiled by FiBL 2011
Distribution of organic food sales by region
2009
4.0%
47.9%
48.1%
Europe
North America
Others
Source: Organic Monitor, Sahota 2011
www.fibl.org
The countries with the largest domestic
markets for organic food 2009
United States of America
17'835
Germany
5'800
France
3'041
United Kingdom
2'065
Italy
1'500
Canada (2008)
1'284
Switzerland
1'023
Japan
1'000
Spain
905
Austria
868
0
5'000
10'000
Million Euros
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL, based on national sources
15'000
20'000
Development of the global market for organic
food and beverages
Revenues in billion US Dollars
60
50
40
30
54.9
20
10
40.2
25.5
17.9
0
2000
www.fibl.org
2003
2006
2009
Source: Organic Monitor (Sahota 2011)
Growth of sales with organic food and
beverages in Germany 2000-2009
5'850
5'800
2003
3'900
2002
3'500
3'120
1'000
2'700
2'000
2'050
3'000
3'010
4'000
4'600
Million Euros
5'000
5'300
6'000
2008
2009
0
2000
2001
2004
2005
2006
2007
Sources: Hamm/Rippin 2009, AMI 2010
www.fibl.org
The countries with the highest shares of
organic food sales 2009
Denmark
Austria
Switzerland
Sweden
United States of America
Germany
Luxembourg (2006)
Canada
Netherlands
France
Belgium
7.2
6.0
5.2
4.0
3.7
3.4
3.3
2.5
2.3
1.9
1.5
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
Market share in %
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL and AMI Survey 2011, based on national sources
6.0
7.0
8.0
The countries with the highest per capita
consumption 2009
Denmark
Switzerland
Austria
Luxembourg
Liechtenstein
Sweden
Germany
United States of America
France
Canada (2008)
139
132
104
103
100
75
71
58
47
38
0
25
50
75
100
Euros per year
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL, AMI, ORC 2011, based on national sources
125
150
Switzerland: Shares of the total market for
selected organic product groups 2009
Eggs
17
16
Bread and other bakers' wares
11
Vegetables
9
Dairy products, no details
8
Convenience food
7
Fruit, no details
5
Cheese
3
Frozen food
Meat and meat products, no details
2
Beverages, no details
2
0.0
10.0
Share of total market
Source: Bio Suisse 2010
www.fibl.org
20.0
Switzerland and USA: Importance of selected product
groups of the overall turnover with organic food 2009
USA
Switzerland
Fruit and vegetables
Fruit and
vegetables
20
Dairy products
15
Bread/bakery products
Dairy products
13
Vegetables
8
Convenience food
8
Meat and meat products
5
Eggs
13
Breads and
grains
6
Beverages
14
Beverages
7
Cheese
15
Package
Foods
12
Fruit
11
Snack foods
4
4
Frozen food
Meat and fish
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
Share of all organic food sales
www.fibl.org
38
Source: Bio Suisse 2010 and OTA 2010
2
0
10
20
30
Share of all organic food sales
40
Organic agriculture in developing countries
2009
Organic farming in developing & transition
countries and emerging markets 2009
› About one third of the world’s organic agricultural land –
13.4 million hectares - is located in developing/transition
countries and in emerging markets.* Most of this land is
in Latin American countries, with Asia and Africa in
second and third place.
› 1.5 million producers are in these countries.
› *Countries listed in the List of Recipients of Official
Development Assistance (ODA) of the Development
Assistance Committee (DAC) of the Organization for
Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The
list is available at
www.oecd.org/dataoecd/23/34/37954893.pdf.
www.fibl.org
Developing/transition countries and emerging
markets*: The ten countries with the largest areas of
organic agricultural land 2009
www.fibl.org
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private organic sector and
certifiers
*= countries on the DAC list, see
http://www.oecd.org/document/45/0,3746,en_2649_34447_2093101_1_1_1_1,00.html
Organic producers and agricultural land in the
countries of the DAC list
Producers
Agricultural land
Other countries
Other countries
Countries on DAC list
Countries on DAC list
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL, IFOAM & SOEL 1999-2011
Developing/transition countries and emerging
markets*: The ten countries with the largest highest
shares of organic agricultural land 2009
Dom. Republic
8.3%
Samoa
7.9%
Timor-Leste
6.7%
Sao Tome/Principe
6.5%
Uruguay
6.3%
Vanuatu
4.8%
Solomon Islands
4.3%
Argentina
3.3%
Niue
3.2%
Mexico
2.4%
0%
www.fibl.org
2%
4%
6%
8%
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments,
private organic sector organisations and certifiers.
10%
Land use and crops
Definition of organic areas
›
Distribution of
agricultural and nonagricultural areas 2009
Agricultural land (37.2 million
hectares in 2009)
›
Cropland
›
›
›
53%
47%
Agricultural land
Non agricultural areas
www.fibl.org
›
›
›
Arable land (cereals, vegetables
etc.)
Permanent crops (fruit, grapes,
olives …)
Cropland, no details (=arable land
and permanent crops)
Permanent grassland
Other agricultural land
Non-agricultural areas (41.9
million hectares)
›
›
›
›
Wild collection/Bee keeping
Forest
Aquaculture
Grazing areas on nonagricultural land
World: Use of organic agricultural land 2009
(total: 37.2 million hectares)
12.7%
14.8%
1.1%
Arable land
3.1%
6.5%
Permanent crops
Cropland, no details
Permanent grassland
61.7%
Other
Agricultural land, no
details
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
Main land use types in organic agriculture 2009
›
The chart of the share of land
use types in the geographical
regions shows:
›
›
›
For a large part of the organic
agricultural land in both Africa and
Asia, land use information is not
available. In addition, for Asia
(mainly China) no details on the
uses of the cropped land are
available.
Africa has a large proportion of
permanent crops; these are mainly
cash crops such as coffee, tropical
fruit and olives.
Europe and North America use
about half of their organic
agricultural land as grassland, and
the other half is arable land. In
www.fibl.org
›
›
Europe the share of permanent
crops is higher than in North
America, mainly due to olives and
vines grown in the Mediterranean
countries.
Latin America has little arable land
compared to the large grazing
areas (Uruguay and Argentina). It
has a comparatively high share of
permanent crops (mainly coffee).
Oceania is characterized by the
large grazing areas of Australia.
The Pacific Islands produce a large
range of tropical crops; New
Zealand produces a lot of fruit.
Agricultural land use by geographical region in
organic agriculture 2009
100%
Agricultural land and
crops, no details
90%
Other agricultural land
80%
70%
Permanent grassland
60%
Cropland, no details
50%
40%
Permanent crops
30%
Arable crops
20%
10%
0%
Africa
www.fibl.org
Asia
Europe
Latin
North Oceania
America America
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
World
World: Use of organic agricultural land 2009
(total: 37.2 million hectares)
Distritbution of main agricultural land
use types 2008
12.7%
14.8%
The main arable crops 2009
Cereals
Green fodder
Oilseeds
Vegetables
Protein crops
1.1%
2'438
1'843
446
222
204
0
3.1%
1'000
2'000
3'000
Thousands of hectares
6.5%
The main permanent crops 2009
61.7%
Arable land
Cropland, no details
Other
www.fibl.org
Permanent crops
Permanent grassland
Agricultural land, no details
Coffee
Olives
Cocoa
Nuts
Grapes
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
545
494
264
200
191
0
200
400
600
Thousands of hectares
Land use types in organic agriculture: 2008 and
2009 compared
22.99
Permanent grassland
+3%
22.27
5.52
+ 13 %
Arable land
4.88
2.43
Permanent crops
2009
2008
+ 24 %
1.95
0
www.fibl.org
5
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011
10
15
30
25
20
Million hectares
Key crop groups in organic agriculture: 2008
and 2009 compared
2'438'465 + 11%
2'203'093
Cereals
545'368 + 17%
Coffee
463'500
493'841 + 14%
Olives
432'189
264'468
Cocoa
+ 14%
165'058
222'233
Vegetables
209'866 + 6%
200'171
Nuts
174'894 + 14%
190'850 + 27%
Grapes
150'536
161'599 + 22%
Fruit, tropical… 132'156
91'022
-10%
Fruit, temperate
100'594
64'696
Citrus fruit
57'638 +12%
56'808 +5%
Sugarcane
54'218
43'321
Coconut 15'483
+180%
0
www.fibl.org
500'000
1'000'000
1'500'000
2'000'000
2'500'000
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private
organic sector and certifiers
3'000'000
Organic grassland/grazing areas 2009
› With a total of at least 23 million hectares, the organic
grassland/grazing areas constitute almost two thirds or
61.7 percent of the organic agricultural land.
› The organic grassland/grazing areas account for 0.4
percent of the world’s total organic grassland/grazing
areas .
› An increase of 0.7 million hectares or 3.2 percent was
reported compared with 2008.
› Half of the organic organic grassland/grazing areas is
located in Oceania (51.1 percent of the organic
grassalnd/grazing area or 11.8 million hectares), followed
by Latin America (23 percent or 5.3 million hectares) and
Europe 18 percent or 4.2 million hectares).
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
Organic permanent grassland/grazing areas by
geographical region 2009 (total 23 million hectares)
5.0%
2.6%
0.1%
Oceania
Latin America
18.2%
Europe
51.1%
North America
Asia
23.0%
Africa
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
Organic arable land 2009
› With a total of at least 5.5 million hectares, arable land
constitutes 15 percent of the organic agricultural land.
› The organic arable land accounts for 0.4 percent of the
world’s total arable land.
› An increase of 13.2 percent was reported.
› Most of the organic arable land is located in Europe (3.7
million hectares), followed by North America (more than
1.3 million) and Latin America (170’000 hectares).
› Most of this category of land is used for cereals including
rice (2.5 million hectares), followed by green fodder from
arable land (1.8 million hectares) and vegetables (0.22
million hectares).
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
Organic arable land by geographical region
2009 (total 5.5 million hectares)
3.1%
3.7%
2.2%
Europe
North America
23.8%
Asia
67.2%
Latin America
Africa
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
Organic arable land worldwide by main crop
types 2009 (total 5.5 million hectares)
3.7%
Cereals
6.5%
4.0%
8.1%
Green fodder from
arable land
44.2%
Oilseeds
Vegetables
Protein crops
33.4%
www.fibl.org
Others
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
Permanent cropland 2009
› Permanent crops account for approximately six percent of the
organic agricultural land, amounting to 2.4 million hectares,
which is 1.7 percent of the world’s permanent cropland.
› Compared with the previous survey (data 2008), almost half a
million hectares more were reported.
› With 6.5 percent, permanent cropland has a higher share in
organic agriculture than in total agriculture, where it accounts
for approximately three percent of the agricultural land.
› Most of the permanent cropland is in Europe (1 million
hectares), followed by Latin America (0.75 million hectares)
and Africa (0.45 million hectares).
› The most important crops are coffee (with 0.54 million
hectares reported, constituting one-fifth of the organic
permanent cropland), followed by olives (0.49 million
hectares), cocoa (0.26 million hectares), nuts (0.2 million
hectares), and grapes (0.19 million hectares).
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
Organic permanent cropland by geographical
region 2009 (total 2.4 million hectares)
2.7% 0.1%
Europe
7.5%
Latin America
18.6%
41.6%
Africa
Asia
North America
29.5%
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
Oceania
Organic permanent cropland worldwide by main
crop groups 2009 (total 2.4 million hectares)
Coffee
30.2%
22.5%
Olives
Cocoa
Nuts
20.3%
7.9%
Others
8.2%
10.9%
www.fibl.org
Grapes
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
Organic citrus fruit 2009
› The area of organic citrus fruits includes oranges, lemons
and limes, grapefruit and pomelos and ‘other citrus fruits’.
› At least 65’00 hectares of citrus fruit are grown
organically worldwide.
› This constitutes 0.7 percent of the world’s citrus area of
8.7 million hectares (FAOSTAT, data 2008).
› The countries with the largest organic citrus areas are:
Italy, South Africa and Mexico.
› As no crop details were available for some of the world’s
leading citrus producers - China, Brazil, Nigeria and
India, in that order of importance - it can be assumed that
the world figures for areas under organic citrus are
higher.
www.fibl.org
Organic citrus area: The ten countries with the
largest areas 2009
Italy
South Africa
Mexico (2008)
USA (2008)
Spain
Cuba (2008)
Greece
Turkey
Costa Rica
Uruguay (2006)
32'106
6'689
6'024
5'692
4'763
4'195
2'044
804
652
410
0
10'000
20'000
Hectares
www.fibl.org
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on national sources
30'000
Organic citrus fruit: Growth of the organically
managed land 2004-2009
80'000
64'696
57'638
Hectares
60'000
50'258
40'460
40'000
33'793
28'595
20'000
0
2004
2005
2006
2007
Source: FiBL, IFOAM & SOEL Surveys 2006-2012
www.fibl.org
2008
2009
Organic cereals 2009
› In 2009, 2.4 million hectares of cereals were under organic
management.
› This is an increase of 0.2 million hectares compared with
2008, when 2.2 million hectares were grown organically.
› The countries with the largest organic cereal areas are the US,
Italy and Canada.
› As some of the world’s large cereal producers (such as India,
China and the Russian Federation) did not provide land use
details, it can be assumed that the area is actually larger.
› 0.3 percent of the total cereal area is under organic
management (according to FAO 709 million hectares of
cereals were harvested in 2008).
› Some countries are, however, reaching higher shares: Austria
(8 percent), Portugal (7.3 percent), Sweden (7.3 percent),
Lithuania (6.4 percent) or Italy 6.2 percent.
www.fibl.org
72
Organic cereals: The ten countries with the
largest areas 2009
USA (2008)
367'420
Italy
251'906
Canada
207'191
Germany
201'800
Spain
183'458
Ukraine
134'080
Turkey
115'660
France
103'928
Austria
89'614
Poland
77'473
0
100'000
200'000
Hectares
www.fibl.org
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on national sources
300'000
Organic cocoa 2009
› At least 265'000 hectares of organic cocoa were grown
organically in 2009.
› The countries with the largest cocoa area are Sierra
Leone, Mexico and Ecuador.
› Compared with 2008, there was an increase of 90'000
hectares. Most of the growth took place in Sierra Leone,
where 50'000 hectares more were reported.
› 3.1 percent of the world’s harvested cocoa bean area of
8.7 million hectares are organic. (FAOSTAT, 2008 data).
› The world’s leading coca producers are Ivory Coast,
Ghana, Nigeria, Indonesia and Brazil, but data on the
organic cocoa area were not available for all these
countries.
www.fibl.org
74
Organic cocoa area: The ten leading countries
2009
Dominican Republic
115'432
Sierra Leone
53'634
Ecuador
45'158
Peru
15'857
Mexico (2008)
14'796
Tanzania, United Republic of
3'919
Nicaragua
3'666
Sao Tome and Principe
3'532
Ghana
3'339
0
40'000
80'000
Hectares
www.fibl.org
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011 based on national sources
120'000
Organic coffee 2009
› At least 0.545 million hectares of coffee were grown
organically in 2009.
› This constitutes 4.6 percent of the world’s harvested coffee
area of 9.7 million hectares (FAOSTAT, data 2008).
› The largest organic coffee areas are in Mexico, Ethiopia and
Peru.
› These countries are also reaching high shares of the total
harvested coffee area: Ethiopia: 26.6 percent; Mexico 24.5
percent, Peru: 23.5 percent.
› Compared with 2008, the organic coffee area grew by 80'000
hectares.
› Data on the organic area were not available for all major
coffee-producing countries (the leading producers are Brazil,
Indonesia, Mexico, Colombia and Viet Nam).
www.fibl.org
76
Organic coffee area 2009: The ten countries
with the largest areas
Mexico (2008)
185'193
Ethiopia
108'414
Peru
78'441
Indonesia
31'580
Tanzania (2008)
26'104
Timor-Leste
24'750
Sierra Leone
17'878
Dominican Republic
17'162
Nicaragua
12'257
Colombia
11'048
0
100'000
200'000
Hectares
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on national data
www.fibl.org
300'000
Organic grapes 2009
› Almost 191’000 hectares of organic grapes were grown
in 2009.
› This is approximately 2.5 percent of the world’s total
harvested grape area (7.3 million hectares, FAOSTAT,
data 2008).
› The main countries in which grapes are grown are the
countries of the Mediterranean, with Spain by far the
largest grower, followed by Italy and France.
› Compared with 2008, the organic grape area grew by
40'000 hectares or 26 percent.
www.fibl.org
78
Organic grape area 2009: The ten leading
countries
Spain
53'959
Italy
43'614
France
39'146
USA (2008)
11'448
Turkey
7'719
Greece
4'874
Germany
4'700
Argentina
3'513
Moldova
3'489
Austria
3'218
0
20'000
40'000
Hectares
www.fibl.org
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on national sources
60'000
Organic olives 2009
› Almost 490’000 hectares of organic olives were grown in
2009.
› This is approximately 4.7 percent of the world’s total
harvested olive area (10.6 million hectares, FAOSTAT
data from 2008).
› The main countries in which olives are grown are the
countries of the Mediterranean, Italy, Spain and Tunisia.
› The highest percentage for organic olives is in Uruguay
(28.3 percent), followed by Italy (11.8 percent), and
France (9.5 percent).
› Compared with 2008, the organic olive area grew by
60'000 hectares or 14 percent.
www.fibl.org
80
Organic olive area 2009: The ten leading
countries
Italy
139'675
127'041
Spain
Tunisia
115'000
Greece
61'922
Turkey
17'703
Portugal (2008)
16'759
Argentina
4'735
Syrian Arab Republic
2'570
Morocco
1'800
France
1'795
0
50'000
100'000
Hectares
www.fibl.org
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011 based on national data
150'000
Organic agriculture in the regions
2009
Africa: Organic agricultural land by country
2009
www.fibl.org
Source: IFOAM/FiBL Survey 2011
Organic agriculture in Africa 2009
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
In Africa, there are slightly more than one million hectares of certified
organic agricultural land (data 2009).
This constitutes about three percent of the world’s organic
agricultural land.
500’000 producers were reported.
The countries with the most organic land are Uganda (226'954
hectares), Tunisia (167'302 hectares), and Ethiopia (122'727
hectares).
The highest shares of organic land are in Sao Tome and Prince (6.5
percent), Sierra Leone (1.8 percent), and Uganda (1.7 percent).
The majority of certified organic produce in Africa is destined for
export markets; in Uganda the export value for organic products was
37 million US dollars in 2009/2010.
The European Union, as the major recipient of these exports, is
Africa’s largest market for agricultural produce. Tunisia was accepted
under the EU’s Third Country List in 2009.
www.fibl.org
Source: IFOAM/FiBL Survey 2011
84
Africa: Development of organic agricultural land
1999-2009
1.2
0.68
0.0
0.36
0.32
0.23
0.05
0.2
0.05
0.4
0.49
0.6
0.52
Hectares
0.8
0.86
0.86
1.03
1.0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: IFOAM, FiBL and SOEL, surveys 2000-2011
Africa: The ten countries with the most organic
agricultural land 2009
Uganda
226'954
Tunisia
167'302
Ethiopia
122'727
Sudan
77'798
72'472
Sierra Leone
Tanzania, United Republic of
72'188
South Africa
59'562
Egypt
56'000
Ghana
29'140
Senegal
25'351
0
100'000
200'000
Hectares
www.fibl.org
IFOAM/FiBL Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private
organic sector and certifiers
Africa: Distribution of organically managed
agricultural land by country 2009 (total: 1.03 mio ha)
22%
Uganda
Tunisia
50%
16%
Ethiopia
Rest
12%
www.fibl.org
IFOAM/FiBL Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private
organic sector and certifiers
Africa: The ten countries with the highest
shares of organic agricultural land 2009
Sao Tome and Principe
6.5%
Sierra Leone
1.8%
Uganda
1.7%
Tunisia
1.7%
Egypt
1.6%
Comoros
0.9%
Réunion (France)
0.5%
Ethiopia
0.4%
Senegal
0.3%
Tanzania, United Republic of
0.2%
0%
www.fibl.org
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
IFOAM/FiBL Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private
organic sector and certifiers
6%
7%
Africa: Distribution of shares of organic land
2009
2%
10%
Countries with 5.0 to
9.9 % organic land
Countries with 1 to
4.9 % organic land
Countries with less
than 1 % organic
land
88%
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011
Africa: Use of organic agricultural land 2009
(total: 1 million hectares)
Distribution of main agricultural land
use types 2009
12.1%
The main arable crops 2009
Oilseeds
Textile crops
Medicinal and arom plants
Cereals
Vegetables
67
31
7
6
4
0
34.8%
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Thousands of hectares
The main permanent crops 2009
45.1%
5.4%
2.6%
Arable land
Permanent grassland
Agricultural land, no details
www.fibl.org
Permanent crops
Other
IFOAM/FiBL Survey 2011
154
Coffee
117
Olives
Cocoa
65
Fruit, tropical 17
Tea 17
0
50
100
150
200
Thousands of hectares
Articles about Africa in the 2011 Edition of "The
World of Organic Agriculture"
› Organic Farming in Africa
Hervé Bouagnimbeck
› Tunisia: Country Report
Lukas Kilcher and Samia Maamer Belkhiria
› Uganda: Country Report
Charity Namuwoza and Hedwig Tushemerirwe
www.fibl.org
91
Asia: Organic agricultural land by country 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on national sources
Organic Agriculture in Asia – Key Figures 2009
› The total organic agricultural area in Asia is nearly 3.6
million hectares.
› This constitutes ten percent of the world’s organic
agricultural land.
› There were 731'315 producers reported.
› The leading countries by area are China (1.9 million
hectares) and India (1.2 million hectares).
› Timor-Leste has the most organic agricultural area as a
proportion of total agricultural land (almost seven
percent).
www.fibl.org
93
Organic Agriculture in Asia – Key Figures 2009
›
›
›
›
The region hosts a wide range of organic sector development
scenarios, from early development to highly regulated. Far from the
marginal position it held previously, organic is now an accepted
concept and growing market trend in the region.
Whilst export remains the dominant feature of sector development in
the majority of developing countries in the region, local markets have
emerged and are gaining ground.
Primarily a market driven sector, government policy is an emerging
and significant sector development factor today in many countries.
Although domestic market size is still relatively small, the high value
and profile associated with organic has led to civil society (consumer)
calls and governments’ interest to regulate the sector. Seven markets
have implemented
organic labeling regulations (i.e., China, India, Japan, South Korea,
Philippines, Taiwan, and Malaysia). Others, Sri Lanka and Nepal
have established government competent authorities.
A major event— The 17th IFOAM Organic World Congress —will be
held in Korea in autumn 2011.
www.fibl.org
94
Asia: Development of organic agricultural land
2000-2009
4.0%
47.9%
48.1%
Europe
North America
Others
Source: FiBL /IFOAM Survey 2011
www.fibl.org
The increase of organic agricultural land in 2004 is due to a major expansion in China,
partly due to government support. Much of these areas were grazing areas which, however,
ceased to be certified in 2005, hence the drop of the organic agricultural area in Asia in that
year.
Asia: Distribution of organic agricultural land by
country 2009; total: 3.6 million hectares
12%
China
4%
India
51%
33%
www.fibl.org
Kazakhstan
Others
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private
organic sector and certifiers
Asia: The ten countries with the most organic
agricultural land 2009
China
1'853'000
India
1'180'000
Kazakhstan
134'862
Philippines
52'546
Indonesia
52'133
Saudi Arabia
46'635
Syrian Arab Republic
35'439
Thailand
29'597
Timor-Leste
24'997
Sri Lanka
21'156
0
500'000
1'000'000
1'500'000
Hectares
www.fibl.org
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private
organic sector and certifiers
2'000'000
Asia: Distribution of shares of organic land
2009
3%
3%
Countries with 5.0 to
9.9 % organic land
Countries with 1 to
4.9 % organic land
Countries with less
than 1 % organic
land
94%
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011
Asia: The ten countries/territories with the
highest shares of organic agricultural land 2009
Timor-Leste
6.7%
Israel
1.4%
Sri Lanka
0.8%
Korea, Republic of
0.7%
India
0.7%
Lebanon
0.5%
Philippines
0.5%
Azerbaijan
0.4%
Taiwan
0.4%
China
0.3%
0%
www.fibl.org
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private
organic sector and certifiers
7%
8%
Asia: Use of organic agricultural land 2009
(total: 3.6 million hectares)
Distritbution of main agricultural land
use types 2009
6%
5%
The main arable crops 2009
Cereals
Oilseeds
Textile crops
Medicinal and arom plants
Vegetables
Field fodder crops
83
32
28
21
11
3
0
20
40
60
80
100
Thousands of hectares
41%
31%
The main permanent crops 2009
Coffee
17%
Arable land
Cropland, no details
Agricultural land, no details
60
Tea
Permanent crops
Permanent grassland
31
Coconuts
Fruit, tropical and
subtropical
Nuts
28
28
14
0
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
20
40
60
Thousands of hectares
80
Articles about Asia in the 2011 Edition of "The
World of Organic Agriculture"
› Organic Asia 2010
Ong Kung Wai
› Organic Agriculture in Armenia
Nune Darbinyan
› Organic Agriculture Development in China
Yuhui Qiao
› Indonesia: Country Report
› Lidya Ariesusanty
› Kazakhstan: Country Report
Evgeniy Klimov
› South Korea: Country Report
Dong-Geun Choi
www.fibl.org
Europe: Organic agricultural land by country
2009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL Survey 2011
Organic agriculture in Europe: Key
data/indicators 2009
› 9.3 million hectares of agricultural land are organic
(including in conversion areas).
› The organic agricultural land increased by 1 million
hectares or twelve percent.
› Five countries have more than ten percent organic
agricultural land, 12 countries between 5 and 10 percent;
› 260’000 producers were reported.
www.fibl.org
103
Organic agriculture in Europe: Key
data/indicators 2009
›
›
›
›
The market was 18.4 billion euros, an increase of roughly five
percent compared with 2009. The market grew at smaller rates than
in previous years even though some countries like France and
Sweden showed strong growth.
The largest market for organic products in 2009 was Germany with a
turnover of 5’800 million euros, followed by France (3'041 million
euros) and the UK (2'065 million euros).
As a portion of the total market share, the highest levels have been
reached in Denmark, Austria and Switzerland, with five percent or
more for organic products. The highest per capita spending is also in
these countries.
Support for organic farming in the European Union and neighboring
countries includes grants under rural development programs, legal
protection, and the European as well as national action plans. An
updated overview of European action plans shows that currently 26
action plans (including regional action plans) are in place.
www.fibl.org
104
Europe: The ten countries with the most
organic agricultural land 2009
Spain
1'330'774
Italy
1'106'684
Germany
947'115
United Kingdom
721'726
France
677'513
Austria
518'757
Czech Republic
398'407
Sweden
391'524
Poland
367'062
Greece
326'252
0
300'000
600'000
900'000 1'200'000 1'500'000
Hectares
www.fibl.org
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private
organic sector and certifiers
Europe: Distribution of organically managed
agricultural land by country 2009 (Total: 9.3 million
hectares)
1'330'774ha;
14%
Spain
Italy
1'106'684ha;
12%
5'878'424 ha;
64%
www.fibl.org
947'115 ha;
10%
Source: Data based on information of Eurostat, ministries, certification
bodies and the private sector. Compiled by FiBL 2011
Germany
Rest
Europe: Distribution of the shares of organic
agricultural land 2009
Countries with more
than 10 % organic
land
11%
29%
Countries with 5.0 to
9.9 % organic land
27%
Countries with 1 to
4.9 % organic land
33%
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL Survey 2011
Countries with less
than 1 % organic
land
Europe: The ten countries with the highest
shares of organic agricultural land 2009
Liechtenstein
26.9%
Austria
18.5%
Sweden
12.6%
Switzerland
10.8%
Estonia
10.5%
Czech Republic
9.4%
Latvia
9.0%
Italy
8.7%
Slovakia
7.5%
Finland
7.3%
0%
www.fibl.org
5%
10%
15%
20%
Source: FiBL Survey 2011, based on national sources
25%
30%
Development of the organic agricultural land in
Europe 1985-2009
(Revision April 26, 2011)
Land area in million hectares
10
9.2
9
8
7
6
5.4
5
4.5
3.7
4
2.9
3
2
1
0.10.10.1 0.20.2
0.6
0.3 0.5
0.8 1
1.4
1.8
0
Source: FiBL and Aberystwyth
www.fibl.org
2.3
5.8
6.1
6.4
6.8
7.3
7.8
8.3
Key crop groups in organic agriculture: 2008
and 2009 compared
4.18
Permanent
grassland
+7%
3.87
3.72
Arable land
+14%
3.26
1.01
Permanent crops
0.75
0
www.fibl.org
1
2009
2008
+34%
2
3
4
5
Million hectares
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private
organic sector and certifiers
Europe: Use of organic agricultural land 2009
(total: 9.3 million hectares)
Distritbution of main agricultural land
use types 2009
3%
The main arable crops 2009
Cereals
Field fodder crops
Protein crops
Oilseeds
Vegetabls
1'740
1'394
162
153
103
0
40%
500
1'000 1'500 2'000
Thousands of hectares
46%
The main permanent crops 2009
11%
Arable land
Permanent grassland
Permanent crops
Other
Olives
167
Grapes
Nuts
160
Fruit, temperate
71
Citrus fruit 40
0
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL Survey 2011
100
366
200
300
400
Thousands of hectares
Europe: Development of the European Market
for Organic Food 2004-2009
20.0
17.3
18.4
Billion Euros
15.5
15.0
13.5
12.1
10.8
10.0
5.0
0.0
2004
www.fibl.org
2005
2006
Source: FiBL, AMI & ORC 2006 -2011
Last revision: May 5, 2011
2007
2008
2009
The European organic market for organic food
and drink: Growth rates for selected countries
2009
France
+19.0
Germany
UK
-12.9
-20
0.0
-10
0
10
Market growth 2009 in %
www.fibl.org
Source: Soil Association, AMI and Agence Bio 2010
20
30
The European organic market for organic food
and drink: Growth rates for selected countries
2010
France
+10.0
Germany
UK
-6.4
-10
2.0
-5
0
Market growth 2009 in %
www.fibl.org
Source: Soil Association, AMI and Agence Bio 2011
5
10
15
Europe: Distribution of sales of organic food and
drink by country 2009 (total: 18.4 billion Euros)
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL, AMI, ORC Survey 2011, based on national sources
The European market for organic food and
drink: The countries with the highest sales 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: Compiled by FiBL, AMI and ORC 2011, based on national sources
The European organic market for organic food and
drink: The countries with the highest shares of
organic food sales 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: Compiled by FiBL, AMI & ORC 2011, based on national sources
The European market for organic food: The countries
with the highest per capita consumption 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: Compiled by FiBL, AMI and ORC 2011, based on national sources
Summary: Organic market in Europe 2009
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
Land area
The organic agricultural land increased by 1 million hectares or 12 percent – to
9.3 million hectares (EU: 8.4 million hectares)
The highest growth was in Turkey and Spain (both +0.2 million hectares) and
Italy (+0.1 million hectares)
The countries with the highest shares of organic agricultural land are
Liechtenstein, Austria and Sweden.
Organic market
The organic market increased by roughly five percent to 18.4 billion Euros;
Highest growth rates were reported for France (+19 percent) and Sweden (+16
percent)
The market value stagnated however in Germany and it decreased in the UK (-13
percent)
The highest per-capita consumption is in Denmark and in Switzerland with more
than 130 Euros annually
The highest market shares are in Dennmark, Austria and Switzerland.
www.fibl.org
119
Articles about Europe in the 2011 Edition of
"The World of Organic Agriculture"
› Organic Agriculture in Europe: Overview
Helga Willer
› The Organic Market in Europe
Diana Schaack, Helga Willer, and Susanne Padel
› Organic Action Plans in Europe in 2010
Victor Gonzálvez, Otto Schmid and Helga Willer
› Switzerland: Country Report
Lukas Kilcher
› Ukraine Country Report
Natalie Prokopchuk and Tobias Eisenring
www.fibl.org
120
Latin America/Caribbean: Organic agricultural
land by country 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011
Latin America: Key figures 2009
› In Latin America, more than 280’000 producers managed
8.6 million hectares of agricultural land organically in
2009.
› This constitutes 23 percent of the world’s organic land
and 1.4 percent of the regions agricultural land.
› The leading countries are Argentina (4.4 million
hectares), Brazil (1.8 million hectares), and Uruguay
(930'965 hectares).
› The highest shares of organic agricultural land are in the
Falkland Islands/Malvinas (35.7 percent), the Dominican
Republic (8.3 percent), and Uruguay (6.3 percent).
www.fibl.org
122
Latin America: Key figures 2009
›
›
›
Most organic products from Latin American countries are sold on the
European, North American or Japanese markets. Popular goods are
especially those that cannot be produced in these regions, as well as
off-season products. Thus, the development of robust local markets
is still a major challenge, without which the sustainability of organic
production cannot be achieved. Important crops are tropical fruits,
grains and cereals, coffee, cocoa, sugar, and meats. Most organic
food sales in the domestic markets of the countries occur in major
cities.
Eighteen countries have legislation on organic farming, and five
additional countries are currently developing organic regulations.
Costa Rica and Argentina have both attained Third Country status
according to the EU regulation on organic farming.
The types of support in Latin American countries range from organic
agriculture promotion programs to market access support by export
agencies.
www.fibl.org
123
Latin America/Caribbean: Distribution of organically
managed agricultural land by country 2009 (total: 8.6
million hectares)
17%
Argentina
Brazil (2007)
11%
51%
Uruguay (2007)
Others
21%
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL Survey 2011
Latin America/Caribbean: The ten countries
with the most organic agricultural land 2009
Argentina
4'397'851
Brazil (2007)
1'765'793
Uruguay (2006)
930'965
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)
395'935
Mexico (2008)
332'485
Peru
186'314
Dominican Republic
161'098
Chile
82'327
Ecuador
69'358
Paraguay (2007)
51'190
0
2'000'000
4'000'000
Argentina and Uruguay: Only fully converted areaHectares
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011
6'000'000
Latin America: Distribution of shares of organic
land 2009
7%
Countries withmore
than 10 percent
organic land
7%
7%
Countries with 5.0 to
9.9 % organic land
Countries with 1 to
4.9 % organic land
79%
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011
Countries with less
than 1 % organic
land
Latin America: The ten countries with the
highest shares of organic agricultural land 2009
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)
35.7%
French Guiana (France)
11.7%
Dominican Republic
8.3%
Uruguay
6.3%
Argentina
3.3%
Mexico
2.4%
Ecuador
0.9%
Peru
0.9%
Belize
0.8%
Brazil
0.7%
0%
www.fibl.org
5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from governments, the private
organic sector and certifiers
8.1
8
6.4
5.0
3.9
4
5.1
5
5.2
5.8
6
6.0
7
8.6
9
4.8
Million hectares
Latin America: Development of organically
managed agricultural land 2000-2009
3
2
1.2
1
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/IFOAM/SOEL Surveys 1999-2011
Latin America: Use of organic agricultural land
2009 (total: 8.6 million hectares)
The main arable crops 2009
Distritbution of main agricultural land
use types 2009
Sugarcane
51
39
Vegetables
Cereals
2%
8%
28%
25
Medicinal and arom. Plants
0%
6
Protein crops
2
0
20
40
60
Thousands of hectares
The main permanent crops 2009
62%
Arable land
Cropland, no details
Agricultural land, no details
Permanent crops
Permanent grassland
Coffee
197
Cocoa
Fruit, tropical
98
Coconut 14
Citrus fruit 12
0
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Survey 2011
100
330
200
300
400
Thousands of hectares
Articles about Latin America and the Caribbean in the
2011 Edition of "The World of Organic Agriculture"
› Organic Farming in Latin America and the Caribbean
Salvador V. Garibay, Roberto Ugas, and Patricia Flores
Escudero
› Chile: Country Report
Pilar Eguillor Recabarren
› Costa Rica: Country Report
Roberto Azofeifa
› All in Willer/Kilcher (Eds.) 2011: The World of Organic
Agriculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends 2011. IFOAM
and FiBL, Bonn and Frick
www.fibl.org
130
North America: Organic agricultural land by
country 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: USDA and COG 2011
Organic Agriculture in North America: Key
figures 2009
› In North America, almost 2.7 million hectares are managed
organically, of these nearly two million in the United States and
0.7 million in Canada.
› This represents approximately 0.7 percent of the total
agricultural area in the region and 7 percent of the world’s
organic agricultural land.
› US sales of organic products continued to grow during 2009
despite the distressed state of the economy. In fact, organic
product sales in 2009 grew by 5.3 percent overall, to reach
26.6 billion US dollars.
› Of that figure, 24.8 billion US dollars represented organic food
or 3.7 percent of the food market. The remaining 1.8 billion
were sales of organic non-foods.
› Projections for 2010 and beyond indicate higher growth rates
for organic sales in North America.
www.fibl.org
Organic Agriculture in North America: Key
figures 2009
› In Canada, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada in 2010
released a new report on the Canadian organic sector’s
trade data and retail sales. Analyzing the 2008 sales of
organic foods, the report concludes that the total
Canadian organic market is worth 2 billion Canadian
dollars annually.
› Regarding legislation, representatives from the Canada
Organic Office and the US National Organic Program
have completed a full peer review, in order to monitor and
evaluate how the US-Canada organic equivalence
arrangement is being applied.
www.fibl.org
North America: Organic agricultural land 2009
USA (2008)
1'948'946
Canada
703'678
0
1'000'000
Hectares
www.fibl.org
Source: USDA 2010 and COG 2011
2'000'000
North America: Distribution of organic agricultural
land by country 2009; total: 2.7 million hectares
27%
USA
73%
Source: USDA 200 and Canadian Organic Growers 2011
www.fibl.org
Canada
North America: Shares of organic agricultural
land 2009
Canada
1.0%
USA (2008)
0.6%
0%
0%
0%
1%
1%
Source: Canadian Organic Growers 2010 and USDA 2010
www.fibl.org
1%
1%
1.7
2
1.4
0.7
1.1
1
1.3
2
1.8
2.2
2.3
2.6
3
2.7
3
1.3
Million hectares
North America: Development of organically
managed agricultural land 2000-2009
1
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
For the US, no data are available for 2009.
www.fibl.org
Source: USDA and Canadian Organic Growers 1999-2011
North America: Use of organic agricultural land
2009* (total: 2.65 million hectares)
Distritbution of main agricultural land
use types 2009
The main arable crops 2009
Cereals
Field fodder crops
Oilseeds
Vegetables
Protein crops
0%
1%
575
445
169
65
39
0
43%
200
400
600
800
Thousands of hectares
50%
The main permanent crops 2009
4%
Arable land 2%
Cropland, no details
Other
Permanent crops
Permanent grassland
Agricultural land, no details
Grapes
Nuts
Fruit, temp.
Citrus fruit
Berries
12
10
8
6
4
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Thousands of hectares
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011
*US data from 2008
25'000
3.7%
4%
24'600
US: Organic food sales 1997-2009
3%
3.5%
1.4%
1997
1998
7'360
4'286
0
3'594
5'000
6'100
0.8%
0.9%
10'381
1.1%
1.2%
8'625
10'000
11'902
1.6%
16'718
1.9%
13'831
2.2%
15'000
5'039
Turnover
2.5%
2%
1%
0%
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
Turnover in million US Dollars
2004
2005
2006
2007
Share of total market (%)
Source: OTA: Organic Industry Survey 2011 and previous surveys;
www.fibl.org
2008
2009
Share of total market
2.8%
22'929
20'000
19'807
3.1%
Articles about North America in the 2011
Edition of "The World of Organic Agriculture"
› North American Overview
Barbara Fitch Haumann
› United States: Country Report
Barbara Fitch Haumann
› Canada: Country Report
Matthew Holmes and Anne Macey
› All in Willer/Kilcher (Eds.) 2011: The World of Organic
Agriculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends 2011. IFOAM
and FiBL, Bonn and Frick
www.fibl.org
140
Oceania: Organic agricultural land by country
2009
FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011
www.fibl.org
Organic agriculture in Oceania: Key figures
2009
› This region includes Australia, New Zealand, and island states
like Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Tonga, and Vanuatu.
› Altogether, there are 8'466 producers, managing 12.2 million
hectares.
› This constitutes 2.8 percent of the agricultural land in the area
and 33 percent of the world’s organic land.
› Ninety-nine percent of the organic land in the region is in
Australia (12 million hectares, 97 percent of which is extensive
grazing land), followed by New Zealand (124’000 hectares),
and Vanuatu (8'996 hectares).
› The highest shares of all agricultural land are in Samoa (7.9
percent), followed Vanuatu (6.1 percent), the Solomon Islands
(4.3 percent), and Australia (2.9 percent).
www.fibl.org
142
Organic agriculture in Oceania: Key figures
2009
› Growth in the organic industry in Australia, New Zealand and
the Pacific Islands has been strongly influenced by rapidly
growing overseas demand; domestic markets are, however,
also growing. In Australia it was at 947 Australian dollars in
2009 and in New Zealand at 350 million New Zealand dollars.
› The biggest change in the Australian domestic market over
2009 was that the Australian Standard for Organic and
Biodynamic Products was adopted and published by
Standards Australia.
› The year 2010 marked a milestone for the Pacific Region as
the International Organic Accreditation Service (www.ioas.org)
has assessed the Pacific Organic Standard (POS) and found it
to be equivalent to the standards requirements of the
European Union’s organic regulations.
www.fibl.org
143
Oceania: Development of organic agricultural
land 1999-2009
For the US, no data are available for 2009,
www.fibl.org
Source: USDA and Canadian Organic Growers 1999-2011
Oceania: Shares of organic agricultural land
2009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011, based on data from
governments, the private organic sector and certifiers.
Oceania: Shares of organic land 2009
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/IFOAM Survey 2011
Oceania: Use of organic agricultural land 2009
(total: 12.15 million hectares)
3%
97%
Permanent grassland
Agricultural land, no details
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL/ IFOAM Survey 2011
Articles about Oceania in the 2011 Edition of
"The World of Organic Agriculture"
› Organic Farming in Australia
Els Wynen, Alexandra Mitchell, and Paul Kristiansen
› The Pacific Islands
Karen Mapusua
› All in Willer/Kilcher (Eds.) 2011: The World of Organic
Agriculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends 2011. IFOAM
and FiBL, Bonn and Frick
www.fibl.org
148
Abbreviations
› AMI: Agrarmarkt Informations-Gesellschaft mbH (AMI,
information service for organic markets), www.amiinformiert.de
› COG: Canadian Organic Growers – www.cog.ca
› FiBL: Research Institute of Organic Agriculture, Switzerland
› IFOAM: International Federation of Organic Agriculture
Movements, Germany, www.ifoam.org
› ORC: Organic Research Centre Elm Farm, UK, www.efrc.com
› RUTA: Unidad Regional de Asistencia Técnica (RUTA;
Regional Unit for Technical Assistance), Costa Rica,
www.ruta.org
› USDA: United States Department of Agriculture (USDA),
www.usda.gov
www.fibl.org