Monitoring Police Performance: International Perspectives

Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative

Fundamental Premises

Address issues of public concern Gauge performance against set objectives Gauge whether utilization of resources and powers is proper Look at policing in holistic terms Evaluate performance on a recurring basis

Northern Ireland Policing Board

Set up under the Police (Northern Ireland) Act, 2000 Comprises 19 political and non political members Sets performance objectives and targets following consultation with District Police Partnerships and the police chief Publishes an Annual Report outlining performance against the objectives

Northern Ireland Policing Plan 2005-08

Citizen Focus – achieve victim satisfaction rate of 75% in 2005-06 Reducing Crime – increase public satisfaction with police patrolling by 4% Investigating Crime – increase clearance rate Public Safety – increase number of drunk driving detections Resource Usage – reduce overtime by 10% Programme of Change – within time table

Policing Performance Assessment Framework (England and Wales)

Led by the Home Office - Police Standards Unit Covers all 43 police forces Supported by Inspectorate of Constabulary, Association of Chief Police Officers & Association of Police Authorities Reflects the breadth of modern policing

THE POLICE AUTHORITIES (Best Value) PERFORMANCE INDICATORS ORDER 2005

1. Satisfaction of victims of domestic burglary, violent crime, vehicle crime and road traffic collisions 2.

British Crime Survey percentage of people who think their local police do a good job

PPAF Features

4. Police Response to Minorities / Women satisfaction of racist incident victims Comparable satisfaction between white and ethnic minority users percentage of searches leading to arrest with ethnicity of the person searched comparable detection rates by ethnicity proportion of ethnic minority recruits to their economically active population ratio of minority officer resignations with white officer resignations percentage of women officers in the force

PPAF Features

4. British Crime Survey risk of personal crime risk of household crime 5. Crime Rate domestic burglary violent crime robbery vehicle crime life threatening and gun crime

PPAF Features

6. Number and percentage of offences brought to justice 7. Percentage of notifiable offences resulting in a sanction detection 8. Percentage of domestic violence incidents with a power of arrest where an arrest was made related to the incident.

9. Ratio of people killed or seriously killed in road traffic collisions

PPAF Features

10. British Crime Survey fear of crime perception of anti-social behaviour perception of local drug use/drug dealing 11. Percentage of Police Officer time spent on frontline duties 12. Delivery of cashable and non cashable efficiency targets 13. Average no. of working hours lost due to sickness per police officer

Performance Chart System (PCS) South Africa

Measures police performance (successes) in respect of input, output, outcomes, effectiveness and efficiency Implemented in 2003-04 to gauge and communicate police’ progress and results Designed to compare performance of 1200 police stations in 9 provinces Monthly assessment of performance in seven areas Allocates grades (1 to 5 star) and ratings (A+ to E - )

PCS Features

Assessment Areas

crime prevention crime reaction crime investigation crime information skill development and professional conduct vehicle management Efficiency / productivity

Determining Performance Indicators

Reflect public aspirations Based on actual police tasks Within the control of the police Account for capacity and workload Account for extraneous considerations Simple to collect and understand Promote socially desirable behaviour Source: What the Police do? Performance Measurement and the SAPS, Ted Legget, Institute for Security Studies, South Africa, Feb 2003

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