Unit II - Chemistry

 In this unit we will discuss the elements of the periodic table, how elements combine to make molecules and the properties of elements and compounds

Today's Starter Quote Don't put off living to next week, next month, next year or next decade. The only time you’re ever living is in this moment.

Hydrogen

 Symbol : 1 1 H Atomic mass : 1 amu  Uses: light gas that can be used as a fuel.  Check out the Video here

Helium

  Symbol : 4 2 He Atomic number 2  Uses: lighter than air, often in balloons

Lithium

  Symbol: 7 3 Li Number of protons and electrons: 3  Uses: metal that is very reactive with water; part of some batteries  Video here

Beryllium

  Symbol: 9 4 Be Atomic mass: 9 amu  Uses: lightweight parts for missiles and spacecraft

Boron

  Symbol: 11 5 B Atomic number: 5  Uses: makes plastic like polymers like Silly Putty or burns with an interesting flame as boric acid

Carbon

  Symbol: 12 6 C Atomic mass: 12 (used a reference for all matter)  Uses: two forms – graphite in pencils or diamond!

Nitrogen

  Symbol: 14 7 N Atomic number: 7  Uses: makes up 78% of our atmosphere; vital to living organisms

Oxygen

  Symbol: 16 8 O Atomic Number: 8  Uses: required for cellular respiration as O

2 ;

protects Earth from uv rays as O 3

Fluorine

  Symbol: 19 9 F Number of electrons: 9  Uses: Reacts violently with everything (even glass)! Check here

Neon

  Symbol: 20 10 Ne Number of protons, electrons and nuetrons: 10  Uses: fluorescent lights (red)

Sodium

  Symbol: 23 11 Na Atomic mass: 23 amu  Uses: reactive channels with water; component of table salt and ion

Magnesium

  Symbol: 24 12 Mg Atomic mass: 24 amu  Uses: welding and old photography equipment

Aluminum

  Symbol: 27 13 Al Uses: foil used for cooking, rims on car wheels

Silicon

  Symbol: 28 14 Si Uses: computer chips, but not silicone – a plastic like substance

Phosphorus

  Symbol: 31 15 P Uses: occurs in 3 forms – white (dangerous!), red and black; found in pyrotechnics

Sulfur

  Symbol: 32 16 S Uses: also known as brimstone; smells just awful

Chlorine

  Symbol: 35 17 Cl Uses: used as one of the first forms of chemical warfare; often used as bleach to disinfect

Argon

  Symbol: 40 18 Ar Uses: Also in fluorescent lights – blue in colour!

Potassium

  Symbol: 39 19 K Uses: part of fertilizer, very reactive with water ; found in bananas

Calcium

  Symbol: 40 20 Ca Uses: rare in pure form, but as a compound is key to bones and teeth