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Emerging Technologies in e-Government Jonathan Gray

National ICT Australia Limited (NICTA)

National ICT Research Centre of Excellence

• NICTA is Australia’s National Centre of Excellence in Information and Communication Technology Research • Outcome of Australian Government 2001 policy initiative “Backing Australia’s Ability” • Competitive selection in 2002 won by NICTA 4/30/2020 Copyright NICTA 2007 2

NICTA

(March 2007) • 677 people – 412/360FTE staff & 265 PhD students • Sites – Sydney – Canberra – Melbourne – Brisbane – Adelaide • Industry Education Unit plus joint projects – Perth • Large joint project 4/30/2020 Copyright NICTA 2007 3

NICTA Mission To be an enduring world-class information and communications technology research institute that generates national benefit.

Research Objectives: • Focus research efforts toward areas of importance to Australia • Conducting research to the highest standards of excellence • Provide NICTA researchers with world class research facilities and equipment 4/30/2020 Copyright NICTA 2007 4

Software Engineering Project – Our Aim

• The past - IT Projects can be delivered good, fast, cheap . Choose any two.

• The future - We want you to able to have all three at the same time.

Tools and methods to provide improved software infrastructure that better supports organizational goals.

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Research Areas

• Information Integration • Systems architecture • Process Modelling & Improvement 4/30/2020 Copyright NICTA 2007 6

Research Approach

• Empirical research involves carefully controlled trials of innovative software methods and tools in live projects in business (e.g. IT, finance, defence sectors) and government to demonstrate effectiveness of the technology {scientific approach, but complex socio-technical research methodologies}.

• International connections with similar research groups in USA, UK, Germany • NICTA software researchers were mainly based in Sydney, but 2006 saw expansion into NICTA’s Canberra Lab 4/30/2020 Copyright NICTA 2007 7

E-Government Initiative

e-Government (E-Gov) Initiative • e-Government refers to the government's use of information technologies to exchange information and services with: – Citizens (cit-to-gov) – Business (bus-to-gov) – other arms of Government (gov-to-gov) Business agency Government agency agency Citizens 4/30/2020 Copyright NICTA 2007 8

The NICTA e-Government Initiative

• Established: January 2007 • Focus: Benefit-oriented e-Government for industry and citizens • Customers: - Federal and State agencies and ministries - IT Companies working in the public sector - Communities and community clusters • Staff: - 3 full-time in Canberra with project focus e-Government - approx 6-8 FTE over NICTA projects and Labs • NICTA Value Proposition: - Wide range of competencies - Neutrality - Standards - Internationality Trials of innovative technologies (software methods and tools) with collaborating government agencies is a key mechanism for realising the benefits of ICT research in the practice of government. 4/30/2020 Copyright NICTA 2007 9

NICTA e-Government Focus

• Many governments around the world have e-Government initiatives, many of these initiatives focus directly on the points of interaction with citizens and business Government Processes • Key focus of NICTA’s E-Gov research is upon the processes and systems inside government Agency 1 Agency N • Aim is business improvement inside government through controlled deployment of innovative software , methods and tools 4/30/2020 Business Copyright NICTA 2007 Citizen 10

NICTA e-Government Research Areas

• Software Architectures and Planning: Methods and tools to support project-level and enterprise-level planning applied to large service delivery agencies in federal government, in areas such as: – Development of Service Oriented Architectures (SOA's); – Architecture performance assessment and capacity planning; – Integration and interoperability of SOA with legacy systems; – Cost and effort estimation of major re-architecting projects. • Business Process Transformation: Methods and tools to manage business processes in government, for both individual agencies and from a whole-of-government perspective. — Frameworks for cross-agency interoperability, — Standard business process models and implementations • Data Capture and Management: specialised versions of NICTA technologies applied in government systems – Sensors and algorithms for environmental management – Document analysis tools for classification and entity identification 4/30/2020 Copyright NICTA 2007 11

Example Completed Projects (Arch. & Planning)

• Performance Assessment for Service Architectures (e PASA) • Devise methods and tools for evaluating e-Government service architectures • Devise processes for helping government agencies model and improve end-to-end service delivery • Evaluate end-to-end performance and scalability of Medicare Tax Statement (MTS) service architecture • Multi-layered network queuing model • Result: Confirmation that existing system can accommodate over and above anticipated peak workloads (i.e. 31 October, 9pm!) e-tax users Tax office Medicare web services 4/30/2020 Copyright NICTA 2007 12

E-Government Projects 2007 (Arch. & Planning)

• VANguard Evaluation Project: Department of Industry, Tourism and Resources (DITR) Major whole-of-government infrastructure project - a common authentication and notarisation system for all government agencies. NICTA contribution: – Developing an Evaluation Framework for use by VANguard to measure/assess use of VANguard in pilot sites.

– Assisting with evaluation of the pilot agencies’ experience of VANguard service.

– Trial of architecture modelling and simulation methods and tools for assessing performance characteristics of large distributed, complex service-oriented systems like VANguard {extension of e-PASA work} 4/30/2020 Copyright NICTA 2007 13

E-Government Projects 2007 (Arch. & Planning)

• Umbrella Agreement with DITR is being established to permit future engagements in DITR during 2008-2010 • NICTA methods and tools used in VANguard for assessing performance characteristics (e-Pasa extensions): – applicable to many large, distributed, service architectures found in government – can be applied at all phases in the development and deployment of these kinds of systems to address risks associated with scalability – seeking more agencies to participate in further field trials – exploring opportunities for long-term commercial development of this technology 4/30/2020 Copyright NICTA 2007 14

Projects for 2008-2010 (Arch. & Planning)

• NICTA SMAT-AUS: is a

sizing, effort and cost estimation

SOA migration and integration projects in government. technology for major – SMAT-AUS addresses the difficulty of accurately and reliably estimating the effort and cost of major government ICT projects. Builds on existing NICTA expertise.

– NICTA is seeking government collaborators for field trials of this technology commencing 4Q-2007.

– A number of SMAT-AUS engagements with collaborating (federal and state government) agencies are planned for 2007-2010. – Each engagement will typically run for 18-24 months, with a series of deliverables arising at regular intervals. – A successful deployment of SMAT-AUS will have large and immediate business impact in large governments projects of $10-100million during 2008-2010 4/30/2020 Copyright NICTA 2007 15

Projects for 2008-2010 (Business Processes)

• Semantic technologies for cross-jurisdictional business process interoperability .

– Working with a number of agencies, NICTA researchers have identified research opportunities for semantic technologies and business process improvement in government. – Planning has started for multi-agency projects commencing in 2008 utilising “ontologically enhanced” business process management across different agencies and tiers of government. – This is highly inter-disciplinary work using "enabling technologies" research from NICTA research in knowledge representation, machine learning, document analysis, and logic.

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Projects for 2008-2010 (Business Processes)

Corporate Services MICROSOFT CORPORATION MICROSOFT CORPORATION Strategic Plan Scorecard MICROSOFT CORPORATION Goals Community Services Division Social Security Division

Business Alignment

Strategy and Policy Common Practices 4/30/2020 DBMS Website Copyright NICTA 2007 WfMS Business Processes Process Automation (Information Technology)

Interoperability across Organisational Boundaries

Strategy and Policy

Business Processes

IT systems

Projects for 2008-2010 (Data Capture & Man.)

• Based on NICTA’s Digital Content Research Capability – Statistical Machine Learning group in Canberra, – develops techniques and tools for data analysis, – applies these to Information Access and Document Analysis.

• Emerging Technologies for Information Access • Enriching content to support alternative modes of information access: – Classification: new content, digital or text, may need to be classified, e.g., into Dewey decimal code.

– Document Analysis: we process documents to detect and tag important names.

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Example 1: Automated Classification

New content Aboriginal artist Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri works on a mural in Brisbane, 1998.

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Example 1: Automated Document Analysis

New text content:

“Australian Aboriginal art jumped in value this week with a Sotheby's auction in Sydney. The painting, called Warlugulong, is by the Aboriginal artist Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri.”

Tagged content: “Australian Aboriginal

other

with a Sotheby's

organisation

art jumped in value this week auction in Sydney

place

. The painting, called Warlugulong

, is by the Aboriginal artist Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri

person

Projects for 2008-2010 (Data Capture & Man.)

• NICTA is seeking government organisations who want to collaborate in field trails of prototype versions of the classification and content analysis technology.

• Algorithms are generic, and can be instantiated to a variety of different applications • Requirements are: – Access to real data sources to classify and analyse {problematic for confidential data sources} – Need an existing baseline of effort/cost of manually performing these activities to calculate cost/benefit of automated versions • If business value is demonstrated in field trails of prototype applications then NICTA can partner with IT companies to develop enterprise strength versions of this technology 4/30/2020 Copyright NICTA 2007 21

Impact of e-Government Research

• In Australia there are opportunities for NICTA research to provide national benefit in : – Systems architecture planning and performance – Systems integration and interoperability – Process modelling and improvement in business and systems development – Effective and efficient services provision through IT.

• NICTA’s process-focused, software-based research in e Government is delivering solid technologies in processes and systems within government.