Transcript Diapositiva 1

RM1. Río Doubs
11 variables – 30 0bservaciones
doubs
contains the following variables:
dfs - distance from the source (km * 10),
alt - altitude (m),
slo (log(x + 1) where x is the slope (per mil * 100),
flo - minimum average stream flow (m3/s * 100),
pH (* 10),
har - total hardness of water (mg/l of Calcium),
pho - phosphates (mg/l * 100),
nit - nitrates (mg/l * 100),
amm - ammonia nitrogen (mg/l * 100),
oxy - dissolved oxygen (mg/l * 10),
bdo - biological demand for oxygen (mg/l * 10).
Verneaux, J. (1973) Cours d'eau de Franche-Comté (Massif
du Jura). Recherches écologiques sur le réseau
hydrographique du Doubs. Essai de biotypologie.
Thèse d'état, Besançon. 1–257.
Modelo
doubs1<-lm(bdo~dfs+alt+slo+flo+pH+har+pho+nit+amm+oxy)
Residuals:
Min
-12.360
1Q
-8.795
Coefficients:
(Intercept)
dfs
alt
slo
flo
pH
har
pho
nit
amm
oxy
Median
-1.746
Estimate
95.796641
0.003437
-0.076289
6.242197
-0.007352
0.818669
0.081596
0.168851
-0.168605
0.560764
-0.867332
3Q
5.670
Std. Error
120.646160
0.017574
0.054218
4.245874
0.007775
1.587167
0.257547
0.115078
0.047174
0.279089
0.344339
Max
19.636
t value
0.794
0.196
-1.407
1.470
-0.946
0.516
0.317
1.467
-3.574
2.009
-2.519
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 11.31 on 19 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.9438
Adjusted R-squared: 0.9143
F-statistic: 31.93 on 10 and 19 DF, p-value: 9.089e-10
Pr(>|t|)
0.43698
0.84702
0.17555
0.15788
0.35620
0.61194
0.75484
0.15866
0.00202 **
0.05893 .
0.02089 *
Analysis of Variance Table
Response: bdo
Df
dfs
1
alt
1
slo
1
flo
1
pH
1
har
1
pho
1
nit
1
amm
1
oxy
1
Residuals
19
Sum Sq
6781.1
451.5
122.9
7812.8
1044.7
2706.4
18955.6
1486.0
694.9
812.1
2432.1
Mean Sq
6781.1
451.5
122.9
7812.8
1044.7
2706.4
18955.6
1486.0
694.9
812.1
128.0
F value
52.9761
3.5271
0.9605
61.0356
8.1611
21.1428
148.0864
11.6094
5.4290
6.3445
--- Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Pr(>F)
6.624e-07 ***
0.0758077 .
0.3393842
2.379e-07 ***
0.0100917 *
0.0001963 ***
2.045e-10 ***
0.0029555 **
0.0309819 *
0.0208934 *
Selección de variables
Start: AIC=153.86
bdo ~ dfs + alt + slo + flo + pH + har + pho + nit + amm + oxy
Df
Sum of Sq
RSS
AIC
- dfs
1
4.90
2437.0
151.92
- har
1
12.85
2444.9
152.02
- pH
1
34.06
2466.1
152.28
- flo
1
114.47
2546.5
153.24
- <none>
2432.1
153.86
- alt
1
253.43
2685.5
154.83
- pho
1
275.58
2707.6
155.08
- slo
1
276.67
2708.7
155.09
- amm
1
516.77
2948.8
157.64
- oxy
1
812.12
3244.2
160.50
- nit
1
1635.16
4067.2
167.29
Step: AIC=151.92
bdo ~ alt + slo + flo + pH + har + pho + nit + amm + oxy
Df
Sum of Sq
RSS
AIC
-har
1
8.0
2444.9
150.02
- pH
1
55.6
2492.6
150.60
-<none>
2437.0
151.92
- pho
1
274.0
2711.0
153.12
- slo
1
411.2
2848.1
154.60
-amm
1
511.9
2948.8
155.64
- flo
1
672.2
3109.2
157.23
- alt
1
1375.1
3812.1
163.34
- nit
1
1703.0
4140.0
165.82
- oxy
1
4274.9
6711.9
180.31
Step: AIC=150.02
bdo ~ alt + slo + flo + pH + pho + nit + amm + oxy
-pH
-<none>
- pho
- slo
- amm
- flo
- alt
- nit
- oxy
Df
1
Sum of Sq
59.5
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
286.5
405.4
507.7
669.6
1773.6
1882.7
4538.3
RSS
2504.4
2444.9
2731.4
2850.3
2952.6
3114.5
4218.6
4327.6
6983.2
AIC
148.74
150.02
151.34
152.62
153.68
155.28
164.38
165.15
179.50
Step: AIC=148.74
bdo ~ alt + slo + flo + pho + nit + amm + oxy
<none>
- pho
- slo
- amm
- flo
- alt
- nit
- oxy
Df
Sum of Sq
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
348.9
351.7
465.6
725.1
1717.1
1854.9
4688.9
RSS
2504.4
2853.3
2856.1
2970.0
3229.5
4221.5
4359.3
7193.3
AIC
148.74
150.65
150.68
151.85
154.37
162.40
163.37
178.39
-Call: lm(formula = bdo ~ alt + slo + flo + pho + nit + amm + oxy)
-Coefficients:
-(Intercept)
alt
slo
flo
pho
182.688249 -0.085993
5.356013
-0.006105
0.180294
amm
oxy
0.522792
-0.900982
nit
-0.167643
Modelo reducido
doubs2<-lm(bdo ~ alt + slo + flo + pH + har + pho + nit + amm + oxy)
Residuals:
Min
-11.619
Coefficients:
(Intercept)
alt
slo
flo
pH
har
pho
nit
amm
oxy
1Q
-8.859
Median
-1.827
3Q
5.705
Max
19.403
Estimate
100.182234
-0.085582
6.646535
-0.005918
0.949286
0.050742
0.163443
-0.166220
0.555656
-0.926925
Std. Error
115.658651
0.025475
3.618290
0.002520
1.404775
0.198624
0.108987
0.044462
0.271101
0.156492
t value
0.866
-3.359
1.837
-2.349
0.676
0.255
1.500
-3.739
2.050
-5.923
Pr(>|t|)
0.39666
0.00312 **
0.08113 .
0.02922 *
0.50693
0.80097
0.14933
0.00130 **
0.05374 .
8.58e-06 ***
--- Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 11.04 on 20 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.9437
Adjusted R-squared: 0.9184
F-statistic: 37.26 on 9 and 20 DF, p-value: 1.452e-10
Analysis of Variance Table
Response: bdo
Df
alt
1
slo
1
flo
1
pH
1
har
1
pho
1
nit
1
amm
1
oxy
1
Residuals
20
Sum Sq
4942.3
362.4
416.1
2187.4
901.1
26462.1
530.4
786.5
4274.9
2437.0
Mean Sq
4942.3
362.4
416.1
2187.4
901.1
26462.1
530.4
786.5
4274.9
121.8
F value
40.5614
2.9742
3.4148
17.9519
7.3952
217.1720
4.3527
6.4551
35.0838
--- Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Pr(>F)
3.252e-06 ***
0.1000253
0.0794592 .
0.0004042 ***
0.0132044 *
3.334e-12 ***
0.0499640 *
0.0194624 *
8.577e-06 ***
RM2. aire
Datos de calidad del aire en NY
(mayo-septiembre de 1983)
Bruntz, S. M., W. S. Cleveland, B. Kleiner, and J. L. Warner. (1974). The
Dependence of Ambient Ozone on Solar Radiation, Wind, Temperature,
and Mixing Height. In Symposium on Atmospheric Diffusion and Air
Pollution, pages 125–128. American Meterological Society, Boston.
111 observaciones -4 variables
m<-lm(ozone~radiation+temperature+wind)
Residuals:
Min
-40.485
Coefficients:
(Intercept)
radiation
temperature
wind
1Q
-14.210
Median
-3.556
3Q
10.124
Max
95.600
Estimate
-64.23208
0.05980
1.65121
-3.33760
Std. Error
23.04204
0.02318
0.25341
0.65384
t value
-2.788
2.580
6.516
-5.105
Pr(>|t|)
0.00628 **
0.01124 *
2.43e-09 ***
1.45e-06 ***
--- Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 21.17 on 107 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.6062
Adjusted R-squared: 0.5952
F-statistic: 54.91 on 3 and 107 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
Analysis of Variance Table
Response: ozone
Df
Sum Sq
radiation
1
14780
temperature 1
47378
wind
1
11680
Residuals
107
47964
---Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’
Mean Sq
14780
47378
11680
448
0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’
F value
32.971
105.692
26.057
1
Pr(>F)
8.853e-08 ***
< 2.2e-16 ***
1.450e-06 ***
RM3. Suelos
250 Observaciones-7 variables
m1<-lm(pHAgua~Ca+Mg+K+Al+H+C+N)
Residuals:
Min
-0.304156
Coefficients:
1Q
-0.068852
Median
0.003626
3Q
0.077496
Max
0.226002
Estimate
Std. Error
t value
Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept)
5.05275
0.12327
40.991
< 2e-16 ***
Ca
0.24090
0.02421
9.950
< 2e-16 ***
Mg
0.43709
0.10341
4.227
3.36e-05 ***
K
0.35128
0.08206
4.281
2.69e-05 ***
Al
-0.77929
0.22938
-3.397
0.000795 ***
H
-0.03467
0.01187
-2.920
0.003826 **
C
-0.30006
0.06992
-4.291
2.57e-05 ***
N
-0.95043
0.75956
-1.251
0.212035
--- Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 0.108 on 242 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.7636,
Adjusted R-squared: 0.7567
F-statistic: 111.7 on 7 and 242 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
http://www.cpatsa.embrapa.br/a_unidade/equipe/pesquisadores/pesquisadores/luis-henrique-bassoi
Analysis of Variance Table
Response: pHAgua
Df
Ca
1
Mg
1
K
1
Al
1
H
1
C
1
N
1
Residuals
242
Sum Sq
7.3822
0.8825
0.1061
0.2480
0.1498
0.3273
0.0183
2.8218
Mean Sq
7.3822
0.8825
0.1061
0.2480
0.1498
0.3273
0.0183
0.0117
step(m1)
Start: AIC=-1105.02
pHAgua ~ Ca + Mg + K + Al + H + C + N
Df
Sum of Sq
-N
1
0.01826
-<none>
-H
1
0.09945
- Al
1
0.13459
- Mg
1
0.20833
-K
1
0.21368
-C
1
0.21473
- Ca
1
1.15440
F value
633.1012
75.6874
9.0970
21.2715
12.8430
28.0712
1.5657
RSS
2.8401
2.8218
2.9213
2.9564
3.0301
3.0355
3.0365
3.9762
-Step: AIC=-1105.41
-pHAgua ~ Ca + Mg + K + Al + H + C
Df
Sum of Sq
RSS
<none>
2.8401
-H
1
0.11504
2.9551
- Al
1
0.13943
2.9795
-K
1
0.19843
3.0385
- Mg
1
0.26390
3.1040
-C
1
0.32732
3.1674
- Ca
1
1.13614
3.9762
-Call: lm(formula = pHAgua ~ Ca + Mg + K + Al + H + C)
-Coefficients:
-(Intercept)
Ca
Mg
K
-4.97917
0.23713
0.47282
0.33325
Pr(>F)
< 2.2e-16 ***
5.191e-16 ***
0.0028333 **
6.462e-06 ***
0.0004096 ***
2.629e-07 ***
0.2120354
AIC
-1105.4
-1105.0
-1098.4
-1095.4
-1089.2
-1088.8
-1088.7
-1021.3
AIC
-1105.4
-1097.5
-1095.4
-1090.5
-1085.2
-1080.1
-1023.3
Al
-0.79235
H
-0.03688
C
-0.33660