Transcript America’s Boating Course 3rd Edition

America’s Boating Course
3rd Edition
Adverse Conditions
and
Emergencies
Chapter 3
Section 11
Presented by the
St Paul Sail and Power Squadron
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1
In An Emergency …
Wear your
Have crew wear
Have guests wear
P
F
D
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2
Man Overboard (PIW)
PreventionRecovery
Use tether or jackline
Shout ‘man overboard’
Throw floatation
Stay in cockpit or cabin
Assign ‘watcher’
Watch crew &
passengers
Circle
back – approach into wind
Turn engine off – in gear
Account for all
Consider ‘Lifesling’ to assist
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3
Fires
PREVENTION
RESPONDING
Proper fuel handling
Bilge inspection
Check fuel system
Inspect wiring
Use only marine parts
Cook in stable conditions
Caution in storing
inflammables
First priority – people
Get people upwind of fire
Issue distress call
Turn off fuel & power
Access fire extinguishers
Locate source of fire
Evacuate boat, if
necessary
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4
Swamp/Capsize
Swamp
boat fills with water
Capsize
boat overturns
Stay with the boat
Don’t swim for shore
In a river, float feet-first, downstream
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5
Hypothermia
DELAY CARE
Abnormal lowering of internal body
by inactive
coldattention
air or water
Usetemperature
PFD –
Seek
remain
medical
Symptoms
Retain
Use CPR
heat
as necessary
• Shivering, numbness, apathy
• H.E.L.P.
Weakness,
unconsciousness
Move
position
to
warm place
• Impared judgement, glassy stare
Warm
Group
victim
huddle
slowly – not rapidly
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6
Cold Water Immersion
COLD WATER IMMERSION
Can kill before hypothermia
Gasp reflex when water under 50° F
Can cause cardiac arrest
Reduce hazard by:
• Attempt to block gasp reflex
• Type I or II PFD & automatic
inflation
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7
Carbon Monoxide
Symptoms
• Nausea, weakness
• Watering eyes,
ears ring, red skin
Results
• Light-headedness,
headache
• Drowsiness,
unconsciousness
• Death
TAKE CARE
Near exhaust – death in
minutes
On swim platform –
unconscious in minutes
Possible station wagon
effect in cockpit
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8
Carbon Monoxide
TREATMENT
Victim must breathe
fresh air
PREVENTION
If breathing stopped
– CPR
Get medical attention
Watch for relapse
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9
Medical Emergencies
First Aid & CPR
First Aid manual
First Aid kit
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10
Collision
REACTIONS
PREVENTION
Follow navigation rules
Check for missing/injuries
Take every action to
prevent collision
PFDs
Anticipate & avoid bad
weather
Seek shelter in
unfavorable conditions
Check for fire
Radio for assistance
Don’t pull boats apart
Stay with the boat
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11
Grounding
REACTIONS
PREVENTION
Learn to use charts
Use depth sounder
Get PFDs on everyone
Check for hull damage
If damaged, do not move
boat
If hull intact, shift weight
to free
Sailboats – heel boat
Use dinghy to drop
anchor, pull free
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12
Fuel
Low fuel – reduce
speed
1/3
Reserve
1/3 Out
1/3
Return
No fuel – anchor out
of channel
Call for assistance
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13
Towing
PROCEDURE
Wear PFD
Strong tow lines
Proper cleats
Tow line danger
Adjust length of line
Slow & steady
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14
Restricted Visibility
Check weather forecast
Reduce speed
Listen … Listen … Listen
Wear PFDs
Post lookout
Turn on navigation lights
Use sound signals
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15
Severe Weather
Check weather forecast
Watch dark clouds &
squall lines
Monitor temperature &
humidity changes
Watch for strong winds
Seek shelter
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16
Heavy Seas
Check weather forecast
Anticipate – seek shelter
Avoid breaking waves
(maybe deeper water)
Beware of opposing wind
& current
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17
Waves
Cross at angle – not head-on
Angle should maintain steerage
Avoid traveling parallel to waves
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18
Waves
RUNNING BEFORE
Risk of pitch-pole
Set speed to stay on
back side of wave
Watch wave heights before going over wave
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19
Waves
RUNNING PARALLEL
Risk of broaching
Reverse direction between
crests
Never run parallel to waves
in an inlet
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20
End Section 11
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