Transcript Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources

Renewable and Nonrenewable
Resources
Chapter C2
Nonrenewable Resources (#1)
 Useful minerals and other materials that people take from the
Earth are called ____________ ___________
 A __________ _________ is a resource that cannot be
replaced once it is used up
 Nonrenewable resources take ___________ of years to form
 _______ and __________ resources are nonrenewable
 __________ are used to make silicone chips for computers,
metals such as aluminum, copper, silver and gold. They also
include _______ such as diamonds and emeralds
 Mineral deposits from rocks can become hot and flow through
cracks in cooler rocks, forming deposits called _________.
Minerals such as _______ and __________ can be found in
veins
Nonrenewable Resources (#2)
 Mineral deposits can also form in _________, and as it cools,
heavy materials sink and form deposits rich in ________, such
as iron and nickel
 Mineral deposits are spread out _________ throughout the
Earth, and thus countries often ________ to get the resources
they need
 _______ is another example of a nonrenewable resource
 Minerals go back into the soil when plants and animals ______
and __________
 People can destroy soil by __________ it, or by putting certain
____________ on it
 It takes _____________ of years to replace a few centimeters
of soil
Renewable and Reusable
Resources
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A ____________ resource is one that the Earth produces new amounts
of at the same rate as they are used
Most _________ are renewable resources, but only if new trees are
allowed to grow
Important products such as _________, __________, ________, and
turpentine come from forests
Resources such as _______ and ______ are not renewable and can be
used over and over. We call them ____________ resources
Natural cycles such as the ________ _______ renew the Earth’s
reusable resources
Sun __________ water from the Earth’s surface into the atmosphere
and as it _______, water vapor ___________, forming clouds
Although reusable resources cannot be used up, they can be
___________
During ___________, water loses any pollution it may have picked up.
But, _________ and _________ pick up any pollution in the air
Fossil Fuels
 _______, ________ ______, and ____________ are
valuable resources known as fossil fuels
 They are called fossils fuels because they formed from the
_______ of once-living _________
 Fossil fuels are ___________ resources
 __________ a fossil fuel releases large amounts of
________ and so are widely used
 Fossil fuels are found in many places and the technology
for ________ fossil fuels has improved and thus increased
their use
 Coal is used to make __________
 ____________, made from petroleum, are found in
medicines, makeup, paints and plastics
Energy from the Sun (#1)
 __________ fossil fuels releases energy that came form the
______
 The energy was stored in ______ of ancient __________ that were
buried in ________ millions of years ago
 So, coal, natural gas, and petroleum are found in layers of
__________ rock
 _________ is the world’s most widely used fossil fuel and produces
a lot of ______ when it is burned
 Petroleum is mainly used for ___________ because it is easier to
________ and ________ than coal and natural gas
 The petroleum used today formed when microorganisms ________
and fell to the bottom of ancient _______
 Over many years, layer upon layer of _________ covered them and
deep within the Earth there is a lot of _______ and ________ and
this helped change their decaying ________ into petroleum and
natural gas
Energy from the Sun (#2)
 Natural gas is mostly a gas called
__________ and is used mostly for _______
and ________
 _______ is the most common fossil fuel and
comes from ________ that lived in swamps
________ of years ago
 Mud and other ________ covered their
remains at the bottom of swamps and slowly
the plants changed into ______
 The United States has large deposits of
______ and _________ _________
Energy from the Sun (#3)
 The United States uses so much petroleum
that some is ________ from Saudi Arabia and
Nigeria
 _________ _________ stations use most of
the _______ mined in the United States and
have found ways to control ___________
 The world is slowing running out of ________
_______ and are starting to use more
___________ resources, such as wind, solar,
and hydroelectric energy
Coal Formation
 As coal forms, it goes through ______ stages, and the amount
of ______ increases at each stage
 Stage 1: _______ formation, which is a soft, brown material
made up of partly _________ plants that forms in ________
 Stage 2: ________ is produced from peat, which is a soft,
brown _______ and as layers of sand and mud build up their
weight squeezes __________ out of the peat, turning it into a
soft rock
 Stage 3: __________ forms and is a fairly hard, dark brown, or
black ________. Millions of years of _______ and _________
of even more layers of sediment turn __________ into bitumen
 __________ is the most common type of coal mined and used
today
 Stage 4: Bitumen becomes _________, which is a hard, black
rock formed under great heat and pressure and is almost pure
________
Petroleum and Natural Gas
 Petroleum and natural gas are found only in _________ rock
 Geologists can identify ______ structures that are likely to hold
petroleum and natural gas
 Since the microorganisms that formed lived in ______, many
petroleum and natural deposits are found _____ ______
 ___________ drilling takes place from huge platforms built over
the water
 When a drill locates a deposit of petroleum or natural gas, the
petroleum has to be _________ to the ground
 Sometimes the petroleum is under such great pressure that it
_________ to the surface and lead to the waste of valuable
petroleum
Making Choices
 Earth’s population is _______, but the
amounts of _______ _______ are not
 Each choice and decision we make has
only a small effect on _______ ______
but the choices have a big effect over
_______
Changing Behaviors
 The simplest way to conserve nonrenewable
natural resources is to ________ _________
resources
 Saving renewable and reusable resources
from damage includes keeping them free
from ____________
 Renewable resources need protection from
__________
 Limiting ___________ through laws and
protecting __________ that provide habitats
for animals is essential
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
 It takes __________ trees each week just to make paper for
Sunday newspapers
 One way to conserve resources is to ________ the amounts
that are used
 Using less energy conserves ________ _________; using less
paper conserves __________; using fewer bottles and cans
conserves ____________
 Many things that can’t be reused can be __________, which is
the process of taking back a _________ used to make a product
 Recycling aluminum cans saves both _________ and _______
as making cans from recycled aluminum uses much less
________ than making cans from bauxite does