Transcript Chapter#15
Chapter#16 Safety and Health Occupational Safety and Health Act 1970 Mission: to ensure safe and healthful workplaces in America. Workplace fatalities cut in one half Injuries and illness cut by 40% AT THE SAME TIME US EMPLOYMENTHAS DOUBLED FROM 56 MILLION WORKERS TO 111 MILLION WORKERS Covers ers with more than 11 ees STAFF OF 2,303, OF THOSE ARE 1,123 INSPECTORS Budget 434 million Job related injuries cost business 127.7 billion Stats 6026 die yearly 6.2 million accidents Accident rate 6.3/100 ees yrly 862,200 illnesses OSHA’s three strategies Strong, fair and effective enforcement Outreach education and Compliance assistance Partnerships and voluntary programs Inspections 2002 37,493 inspections in 2002 21,347 were in construction 8,270 were in manufacturing 7,750 in all other industries The following violations were categorized 416 Willfull $11,799,00 (fines) 54,842 Serious $ 48,312,000 1,969 Repeat $7,700,00 On purpose Er should have known Failure to correct Record keeping #431 1,000$ per incident fine Records must be kept Occupational illnesses Occupational injuries Recorded in detail HR Inspections When accidents occur HR must conduct investigations on injured and any witnesses OSHA inspections Standards are enforced through inspections. With er consent With warrants First priorities: imminent danger Second priority: injuries that have already occurred. Within 24 hours response Within 3 working days response Third Priority: complaints 20 working days response The inspection itself Officers come to site Shows credentials Explains scope of inspection Ee cannot be penalized for talking to OHSA by er. EEs get to read reports Citations After visit inspections OSHA holds closing conference. May issue citations Can issues penalties 5,000 TO 70,000$ CITATIONS CAN BE APPEALED BY ER What should HR do when OSHA comes? Refer inspector to OSHA coordinator. Check credentials Ask reason for inspection Show your records Walk with inspector as they tour the facility ER can not discriminating against ees who complain. Er must comply Er remains liable for injuries even upon noncompliance by ees or by ee resistance. What causes accidents Unsafe conditions Improper or defective equipment Unsafe storage Poor light Poor ventilations Unsafe Acts Throwing tools Not using safety gear Improper lifting How to reduce unsafe acts Praise safety Listen to ees Better selection Provide training Bilingual training Identify unsafe behaviors Conduct regular inspections Off work safety programs EE Health Problems 70% of illicit drug users work full time 50% of all problem ees are actually alcoholics Cost to firm is $7,000 per ee per year What are the clues? Tardiness Quits early Borrows money Too much time off Late back from lunch Drug Free Workplace Act Requirements Publish policies about drug in workplace Awareness programs Get ees to report to report any drug related activities as a condition of employment US Dept of Transportation Requirements Random testing Preemployment testing Post accident testing Reasonable suspicion How to reduce ers legal risks Publish all policies in handbooks. Bulletin boards Describe testing procedures Oklahoma Drug Laws Recent Changes Ok law is the most restrictive in US YOU MUST HAVE DETAILED WRITTEN POLICY LIST ALL DRUGS Cannaboids Opiates Cocaine Amphetamines PCP Barbiturates Meth Propoxyphene If the drug you test for is not listed you’re your policy you can not discipline Onsite testing New law No longer need to use licensed facility.. Can test on site with kits approved by FDA Your policy must inform ee of the following All applicants in same category will be tested after offer is extended. Reasonable suspicion Random periodic and post rehabilitation Post accident $500.00 THRESHOLD Post accident ONLY is damage is greater than $500.00 AND reasonable suspicion Property or personal injury Aids All those who have relations with AIDS victim are covered under ADA. All employment records must be kept in complete confidence. You can refuse to hire if: Effects safety of others. Disease makes individual incapable of performing job Aids policy Aids treated same as any other illness You must provide reasonable accommodation so long as the ee is otherwise qualified to perform essential job duties. Job restructuring Job reassignment Modified work schedules Extended medical leave Time off for treatment Job Stress and burnout Reduce hostile work environments Limit overloads Realistic deadlines 4 major sources of occupational respiratory disease Asbestos Silica Carbon dioxide Lead Workplace smoking Each ee smoker costs er between $2,000 and $5,000 yearly. Second hand smoke causes 3,000 deaths per year and 35,000 to 62,000 illnesses due to heart problems Workplace violence Second biggest cause of fatal injuries on the job most due to robberies 1,000 murders 1.5 million assaults Bullying, hostile work environments costs 180 billion yearly OHSA compliance is required for firms with more than ___ ee. A, 20 B. 11 C. 15 Number 1 cause of workplace deaths is A. Homicides B. Accidents C. Hostile environments Job related injuries cost US business ___ yearly A. 127 billion B. 56 billion C. 150 billion There are ____ per 100 ees workplace accidents yearly A. 9.4 B. 12 C. 6.3 OSHA’s three strategies are enforcement, ___ and partnerships A. citations B. Injunctions C. education By far the most inspections made were in the ____ industry A. Fishing B. Farming C. Construction The next step after an inspection is performed is a ____. A. Conference with management B. Record keeping C. Citation writing What causes accidents? A. Unsafe acts and conditions B. Unsafe conditions and ees C. Unsafe conditions and ers. ____% of drug users work full time A. 90 B. 50 C. 70 ____% of all problem ees are alcoholics. A. 70 B. 30 C. 50 4 major causes of illness on the job are lead, carbon monoxide, workplace smoking and _____ A. Asbestos B. Opium C. Silica Smokers can cost a firm up to ____ yearly A. $2000 B. $10,000 C. $ 5,000 Second hand smokes causes ___ deaths yearly. A. 1000 B. 9000 C. 3000