Transcript Phases, Eclipses, & Tides - Woodland Park School District

Phases, Eclipses, & Tides
The moon is Earth’s closest neighbor out in space at
384,400 kilometers out in space or 30 Earths lined up
in a row.
 The moon revolves around the Earth as the Earth
revolves around the sun.
★ The positions of the moon, Earth, & the sun
cause the phases of the moon, eclipses, and
tides.
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Motions of the Moon:
As the moon revolves around the Earth it
rotates on its own axis; its orbit similar to
Earth’s as a flat oval, tilted at about 7˚.
The moon takes about 27.3 days to orbit
around the Earth; it also takes 27.3 days to
complete one revolution on its own axis causing
a moon “day” & a moon “year” to be the same
length of time.
The moon & Earth have synchronous rotation,
meaning the same side of the moon always faces
Earth.
The “far side” of the moon always faces
away from Earth & is never seen.
Phases of the Moon:
 The moon does not produce its own light, instead it reflects the light from
the sun.
 The moon has 8 phases and goes through the whole set once a month, or
29.5 days.
 What Causes Phases?
★The phase of the moon you see depends on
how much of the sunlit side of the moon faces
Earth.
The Cycles of the Phases:
 From one full moon to the next it takes about 29.5
days.
 The 8 phases of the moon in order are: New
Moon, Waxing Crescent, First Quarter, Waxing
Gibbous, Full Moon, Waning Gibbous, Third
Quarter, Waning Crescent.
Eclipses
★When the moon’s shadow hits Earth or Earth’s
shadow hits the moon, an eclipse occurs.
 There are 2 types of eclipses: solar (sun) eclipse &
lunar (moon) eclipse.
 The type of eclipse is named for what is being
blocked from Earth.
 Total solar eclipse
Total lunar eclipse
Solar Eclipse
The umbra is the darkest and smallest part of the shadow &
is cone shaped (total darkness).
The penumbra is the largest part of the shadow
(partial darkness).
 Total Solar Eclipse:
○ Only people in the umbra experience a total solar
eclipse.
 Partial Solar Eclipse:
○ In the penumbra, people only see a partial eclipse; since
part of the sun is still visible, it is not safe to look directly at
the eclipse.
Lunar Eclipse
 During a full moon the
Earth blocks the sun’s light
from reaching the moon
making the moon look dark from Earth.
 Total Lunar Eclipse
○ When the moon is in the Earth’s umbra, there is
a total lunar eclipse
 Partial Lunar Eclipse
○ The moon passes partly into the umbra of the
Earth’s shadow.
Do-Now
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Come in quietly
Take out notebook. Continue notes from Friday
Answer the following question
Explain the difference between spring tide and
neap tides?
When copying notes BLUE IS FOR YOU. Goes in
your notebook.
Drawing so have plenty of room in notes. Virtual
Lesson and Exit Slip after.
SPRING TIDES
 Spring tides occur at full moon & one at
new moon.
 The combined force of the sun & moon’s
gravity make a tide with the most intense
difference between high & low tides.
 Spring Tide is the HIGHEST HIGH and the
lowest low
DRAW IT
FULL MOON SPRING TIDE
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At a full moon the moon and sun are on
opposite sides of the Earth. Since they
are pulling in a straight line high tides
occur. Think of a tug of where the Earth
is the prize and both teams are pulling
with equal force.
DRAW IT
Spring Tide New Moon
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SPRING TIDE- During the New Moon
The Sun, Moon, and Earth are lined up
on the same side meaning gravity pulls
in the same direction. Think of a tug of
war with the Earth in the middle and only
one side has a team pulling!
Neap Tides
 Neap tides happen 2 times a month, one at first
quarter moon & one at third quarter moon.
 The Sun, Earth, and Moon form are at right angles
and creates tides with the least intense difference
between high & low. So HIGH tides are at their lowest
and low tides are at their HIGHEST. (It’s like a tug-ofwar between the moon and sun).
Draw It
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Neap Tides the Sun’s pull is at a right angle
to the Moon’s pull. They pull with similar
force causing the higher low tides and
lamest, lowest high tides. So the tides are
similar in height, not much difference
between them.
Motion of Ocean
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The moon’s gravity pulls more strongly on the side of the
Earth closest to the moon. This causes high tides
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The moon’s gravity pulls more weakly on the water on the far
side of the moon causing low tides. As the earth rotates the
area with high and low tide changes. There are usually two
high tides and two low tides each day.
Low tide
High Tide
Low Tide
The Tide Cycle
 The sun is much larger than the moon a baseball
compared to a penny! The sun’s gravity affects the tides.
 The little moon affects the tides more because it is closer
to the Earth and pulls more on the ocean waves.
 Tides are causes mainly by differences in how much
gravity from the moon and the sun pulls on different parts
of Earth
 All tides rotate in a cycle.
What are tides
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Tides are bulges of water caused by the
difference in the pull of gravity.
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This pull depends on the position of
Earth, Moon, and Sun