COVALENT BONDING

When an atom of one

nonmetal shares

one or more electrons with an atom of another

nonmetal

so both atoms end up with eight valence electrons

COVALENT BONDING

IS THE COMPOUND A COVALENT COMPOUND?

NONMETAL NONMETAL YES since it is made of only nonmetal elements

COVALENT BONDING

NAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDS USE THE PREFIX METHOD

COVALENT BONDING

1 = MONO 6 = HEXA 2 = DI 7 = HEPTA 3 = TRI 8 = OCTA 4 = TETRA 9 = NONA 5 = PENTA 10 = DECA

COVALENT BONDING 1.

2.

3.

4.

Name the first element in the compound Write the prefix on the name that matches the subscript number in the formula for the compound Repeat these steps until you have done all of the elements in the compound Change the ending of the name of the last element to end in “-ide”

COVALENT BONDING

NAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDS C = carbon 4 = tetra So C 4 = tetra carbon

COVALENT BONDING

NAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDS S = sulfur 7 = hepta So S 7 = hepta sulfur

COVALENT BONDING

NAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDS Br = bromine 3 = tri So Br = tri bromine

COVALENT BONDING

NAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDS O = oxygen 1 = mono So O = mono xygen

COVALENT BONDING

NAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDS P = phosphorus 9 = nona So P 9 = nona phosphorus

COVALENT BONDING Put all of the parts together to get the final name of the compound

Tetra carbon hepta sulfur tri bromine mono xygen nona phosphorus

This is almost right. The ending on the last element in the name needs to be changed to “-ide” so the final correct name would be

Tetra carbon hepta sulfur tri bromine mono xygen nona phosph ide

COVALENT BONDING

1.

WRITING FORMULAS FOR COVALENT COMPOUNDS Write the symbol for the first element in the compound 2.

3.

To write the subscript, use the number that matches the prefix for the first element Continue until you have used all of the elements in the compound

COVALENT BONDING

tricarbon pentanitrogen octoflourine dioxide tri carbon = C 3 penta nitrogen = N 5 octo flourine = F 8 di oxide = O 2

COVALENT BONDING

Put the pieces together and the formula for Tricarbon pentanitrogen octoflourine dioxide becomes

EXCEPTIONS When a chemical formula starts with hydrogen, the hydrogen atom is acting like an ion and the compound is IONIC, not covalent.

ACIDS have special names based on their formulas

ACID NAMES HCl is hydrochloric acid HNO 3 is nitric acid H 2 SO 4 is sulfuric acid H 3 PO 4 is phosphoric acid

REVIEW QUESTIONS 1.

What part of the atom is involved in covalent bonding?

2.

Covalent compounds are made of elements that are both ___________.

3.

If you see prefixes in the name of a compound, it means it’s bonding is ___________

REVIEW QUESTIONS 4.

What is the chemical name for C 7 H 3 Br 6 ?

5.

What is the chemical name for H 2 O?

6.

What is the chemical formula for monosulfur dioxide?

7.

What is the chemical formula for trinitrogen hexaflourine disulfur monophosphide?